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Lee JH, Woo KJ, Hong J, Han KI, Kim HS, Kim TJ. Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecalis Inhibit FL83B Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and High Fat Diet-Induced Fatty Liver Damage in Rats by Activating Lipolysis through the Regulation the AMPK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054486. [PMID: 36901915 PMCID: PMC10002555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous consumption of high-calorie meals causes lipid accumulation in the liver and liver damage, leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A case study of the hepatic lipid accumulation model is needed to identify the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism in the liver. In this study, the prevention mechanism of lipid accumulation in the liver of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) was extended using FL83B cells (FL83Bs) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis. EF-2001 treatment inhibited the oleic acid (OA) lipid accumulation in FL83B liver cells. Furthermore, we performed lipid reduction analysis to confirm the underlying mechanism of lipolysis. The results showed that EF-2001 downregulated proteins and upregulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and AMPK signaling pathways, respectively. The effect of EF-2001 on OA-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in FL83Bs enhanced the phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and reduced the levels of lipid accumulation proteins SREBP-1c and fatty acid synthase. EF-2001 treatment increased the levels of adipose triglyceride lipase and monoacylglycerol during lipase enzyme activation, which, when increased, contributed to increased liver lipolysis. In conclusion, EF-2001 inhibits OA-induced FL83B hepatic lipid accumulation and HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in rats through the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Lee
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Jung Woo
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonpyo Hong
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Il Han
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Research & Development Center, Bereum Co., Ltd., Wonju 26361, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Tack-Joong Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Research & Development Center, Doctor TJ Co., Ltd., Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-760-224
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Analyses of regulatory network and discovery of potential biomarkers for Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) in responses to starvation stress through transcriptome and metabolome. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 46:101061. [PMID: 36796184 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Whether in aquaculture or in nature, starvation stress limits the growth of fish. The purpose of the study was to clarify the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying starvation stress in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) through liver transcriptome and metabolome analysis. Transcriptome results showed that liver genes associated with cell cycle and fatty acid synthesis were down-regulated, whereas those related to fatty acid decomposition were up-regulated in the experimental group (EG; starved for 72 days) compared to the control group (CG; feeding). Metabolomic results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of metabolites related to nucleotide metabolism and energy metabolism, such as purine metabolism, histidine metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Five fatty acids (C22:6n-3; C22:5n-3; C20:5n-3; C20:4n-3; C18:3n-6) were selected as possible biomarkers of starvation stress from the differential metabolites of metabolome. Subsequently, correlation between these differential genes of lipid metabolism and cell cycle and differential metabolites were analyzed, and observed that these five fatty acids were significantly correlated with the differential genes. These results provide new clues for understanding the role of fatty acid metabolism and cell cycle in fish under starvation stress. It also provides a reference for promoting the biomarker identification of starvation stress and stress tolerance breeding research.
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UEHARA SA, COUTINHO CER, ARONOVICH M, WALTER EHM, FURTADO AAL, CALIXTO FAA, TAKATA R, MESQUITA EDFMD. Influence of saline environment and depuration time on quality and proximate composition of Nile tilapia fillet (Oreochromis niloticus). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.69322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Akira UEHARA
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil
| | | | - Marcos ARONOVICH
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Rodrigo TAKATA
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Tian JJ, Zhang JM, Yu EM, Sun JH, Xia Y, Zhang K, Li ZF, Gong WB, Wang GJ, Xie J. Identification and analysis of lipid droplet-related proteome in the adipose tissue of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under fed and starved conditions. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 36:100710. [PMID: 32659607 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fat accumulation in the mesenteric adipose tissue is a serious problem in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) culture. Lipid droplet-related proteins (LDRPs) are involved in the formation, degradation, and biological functions of lipid droplets. In this study, we aimed to provide reference proteomics data to study lipid droplet regulation in fish. We isolated LDRPs from the mesenteric adipose tissue of grass carp (1-year-old) after normal feeding and 7 days of starvation, and identified and analysed them using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology. Short-term starvation had no significant effect on the body weight, condition factor, visceral index, hepatopancreas index, intraperitoneal fat index, adipose tissue triglyceride content, and adipocyte size of grass carp. Nine hundred and fifty proteins were identified and annotated using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases; they are involved in a variety of metabolic and signalling pathways, including amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism, and the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway. There were 296 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), with 143 up-regulated and 153 down-regulated proteins. Three proteins involved in triglyceride and fatty acid syntheses and two proteins involved in autophagy were up-regulated, and six proteins involved in lipid catabolism were down-regulated. These results indicate that under short-term starvation, lipid droplets in the adipose tissue of grass carp may maintain their shape by promoting fat production and inhibiting lipolysis, and autophagy may be one of the main strategies for coping with short-term energy deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Er-Meng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
| | - Jin-Hui Sun
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Wang-Bao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Guang-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
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Oishi K, Miyazaki M, Takase R, Chigwechokha PK, Komatsu M, Shiozaki K. Regulation of triglyceride metabolism in medaka (Oryzias latipes) hepatocytes by Neu3a sialidase. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:563-574. [PMID: 31792756 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fish store triglycerides (TGs) in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue and TGs constitute an energy source upon metabolic demand. The liver generally plays important roles in lipid metabolism. Recent studies have suggested the possibility of hepatic lipid metabolic regulation by ganglioside in mammals; however, ganglioside-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism is unclear in fish. This study aimed to clarify the role of ganglioside in fish TG metabolism, with particular reference to Neu3a, a ganglioside-specific sialidase expressed in the fish liver. Under fasting conditions, there was a decrease in hepatic TG contents, and neu3a mRNA level was significantly up-regulated in the medaka liver. To determine the role of Neu3a in hepatic lipid metabolism, Neu3a stable transfectants were generated using fish liver Hepa-T1 cells. After treating Neu3a cells with oleic acid, reduction of TG was detected in comparison with the mock cells. Furthermore, lipase activity was greater in Neu3a cells than in mock cells. To examine which ganglioside regulates these events, alterations of ganglioside composition in Neu3a cells were analyzed. Neu3a cells exhibited increased level of lactosylceramide (LacCer), a Neu3 enzymatic product originating from GM3. In addition, exposure of LacCer toward Hepa-T1 cells resulted in an increase of neutral lipase activity. The present results suggest that Neu3a up-regulation in medaka under fasting condition accelerates hepatic TG degradation for energy production via GM3 desialylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Oishi
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Mina Miyazaki
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Ryo Takase
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | | | - Masaharu Komatsu
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
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Zheng X, Dang H, Lv W, Sun Z, Kuang Y, Cao D, Lu C, Sun X. Molecular characterization and expression patterns of two hormone-sensitive lipase genes in common carp Cyprinus carpio. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:439-450. [PMID: 31786726 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) gene plays an important role in mammals' lipid metabolism. Therefore, its function in fish is capturing increasing attention. In this study, two distinct cDNAs, designated HSL1 and HSL2, are firstly identified from common carp Cyprinus carpio. The full-length cDNA of HSL1 and HSL2 consists of 3379 bp and 2732 bp, encoding polypeptide of 693 and 847 amino acids, respectively, and shares 60.6% amino acid identity. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that HSL1 and HSL2 are derived from paralogous genes, which might have arisen during a teleost-specific genome duplication event. The two HSL mRNAs are differentially expressed, both in terms of distribution among tissues and in terms of abundance during embryogenesis. Moreover, both HSL mRNAs are expressed in various tissues, the highest in abdominal fat. Meanwhile, the two HSLs are detected at all stages of embryonic development, suggesting that they could be functional and involved in embryogenesis. In addition, the results show that the mRNA expression level of HSL2 in the high group of intramuscular fat content is significantly higher than that in the low group (P < 0.01). The research provides basic data for developing a further understanding of the function of HSL as well as molecular regulation mechanism in fat metabolism of common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhu Zheng
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Hongyang Dang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resource, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, No.999, Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Weihua Lv
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Youyi Kuang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dingchen Cao
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cuiyun Lu
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, No.43 Songfa Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Xu W, Li H, Wu L, Dong B, Jin J, Han D, Zhu X, Yang Y, Liu H, Xie S. Genetically Based Physiological Responses to Overwinter Starvation in Gibel Carp ( Carassius gibelio). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:578777. [PMID: 33329387 PMCID: PMC7711150 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.578777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Normally, fish will decrease food intake or even stop feeding during the winter. In previous studies, two widely cultured gibel carp strains (strain A and strain F) showed differences in lipid and glucose metabolism. Therefore, we hypothesized that the physiological changes during the overwintering period would be different between the two strains. Thus, the two strains were starved for 77 days, after which the levels of glucose and lipid metabolism, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were determined. The starvation increased hepatic glycogenolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation but suppressed lipogenesis in both strains overwintering. Considering the effects of genotype, strain F had higher levels of ER stress and autophagy but lower levels of apoptosis than strain A, suggesting that strain F might be more resistant to overwintering starvation. The interactions between strains and starvation periods were observed in plasma triglyceride contents and the mRNA levels of pyruvate kinase (pk), sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (srebp1), activating transcription factor 4 (atf4), and autophagy protein 12 (atg12). In conclusion, long-term starvation during winter could induce hepatic glycogenolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation but suppress lipogenesis, ER stress, autophagy, and apoptosis in gibel carp, and strain F may be more resistant to starvation during winter. Taken together, these results discovered the responses to prolonged starvation stress during winter in two strains of gibel carp and could provide information for genotype selection, especially for selecting strains better adapted to winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Junyan Jin,
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Haokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shouqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Bergan-Roller HE, Sheridan MA. The growth hormone signaling system: Insights into coordinating the anabolic and catabolic actions of growth hormone. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 258:119-133. [PMID: 28760716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although growth hormone (GH) is a multifunctional factor that coordinates various aspects of feeding, reproduction, osmoregulation, and immune system function, perhaps two of its most studied actions are the regulation of growth and metabolism, particularly lipid metabolism. In this review, we describe the major growth-promoting and lipid metabolic actions of GH and then discuss how the GH system regulates these actions. Numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors provide information about the metabolic status of the organism and influence the production of release of GH. The actions of GH are mediated by GH receptors (GHR), which are widely distributed among tissues. Teleosts possess multiple forms of GHRs that arose through the evolution of this group. Modulation of tissue responsiveness to GH is regulated by molecular and functional expression of GHRs, and in teleosts GHR subtypes, by various factors that reflect the metabolic and growth status of the organism, including nutritional state. The action of GH is propagated by the linkage of GHRs to several cellular effector systems, including JAK-STAT, ERK, PI3K-Akt, and PKC. The differential activation of these pathways, which is governed by nutrient status, underlies GH stimulation of growth or GH stimulation of lipolysis. Taken together, the multi-functional actions of GH are determined by the distribution and abundance of GHRs (and GHR subtypes in teleosts) as well as by the GHR-effector system linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark A Sheridan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
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Huang H, Zhang Y, Cao M, Xue L, Shen W. Effects of fasting on the activities and mRNA expression levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) in spotted seabass Lateolabrax maculatus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:387-400. [PMID: 29147968 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of fasting on lipid metabolism in spotted seabass muscle and liver tissues, we analyzed mRNA levels and enzyme activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS), and the relationship among fat content, mRNA level, and enzyme activity during fasting of 35 days. The results showed that expressions of all the three genes were ubiquitous. During the fasting experiment, the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and fat content of muscle and liver tissues significantly decreased before 5 days of fasting (P < 0.05). mRNA levels of LPL increased significantly after 5 days of fasting in liver and 7 days in muscle. Abundance of HSL transcripts increased significantly after 14 days of fasting in both muscle and liver. The activities of LPL and HSL presented a trend that increased firstly, decreased subsequently, and then raised again with the prolonged fasting experiment (P < 0.05). However, activities and mRNA levels of FAS decreased significantly after 1 day of fasting in both muscle and liver. Moreover, activities and mRNA levels of FAS showed a moderate correlation in muscle. These results suggested that FAS had a sooner response to fasting than LPL and HSL in both muscle and liver tissues. LPL and HSL played important roles in lipolysis mainly by increasing enzyme activities in the early stage of fasting and mRNA levels in the later stage of fasting in both muscle and liver. Our results also provided useful information on regulating muscle fat content by fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Cao
- College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyi Xue
- College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Weiliang Shen
- College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Moguel-Hernández I, Peña R, Andree KB, Tovar-Ramirez D, Bonacic K, Dumas S, Gisbert E. Ontogeny changes and weaning effects in gene expression patterns of digestive enzymes and regulatory digestive factors in spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) larvae. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:1319-1334. [PMID: 26994907 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The study of digestive physiology is an important issue in species that have been introduced in aquaculture like the spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus). The aims of this study were to describe the expression of digestive enzymes (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, α-amylase, lipoprotein lipase, phospholipase A and pepsinogen) and their relation with orexigenic (neuropeptide Y, NPY) and anorexigenic (cholecystokinin, CCK) factors during the larval development and to evaluate the effect of weaning in their expression. The results showed that the transcripts of all the assayed digestive enzymes, with the exception of pepsinogen, and NPY and CCK were already present in L. guttatus from the hatching stage. The expression of all the enzymes was low during the yolk-sac stage (0-2 days after hatching, DAH), whereas after the onset of exogenous feeding at 2 DAH, their expression increased and fluctuated throughout larval development, which followed a similar pattern as in other marine fish species and reflected changes in different types of food items and the progressive maturation of the digestive system. On the other hand, weaning of L. guttatus larvae from live prey onto a microdiet between 25 and 35 DAH significantly affected the relative expression of most pancreatic digestive enzymes during the first weaning days, whereas chymotrypsinogen 2 and lipoprotein lipase remained stable during this period. At the end of co-feeding, larvae showed similar levels of gene expression regardless of the diet (live prey vs. microdiet), which indicated that larvae of L. guttatus were able to adapt their digestive capacities to the microdiet. In contrast, feeding L. guttatus larvae with live feed or microdiet did not affect the expression of CCK and NPY. The relevance of these findings with regard to current larval rearing procedures of L. guttatus is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Moguel-Hernández
- Unidad Piloto de Maricultivos, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - R Peña
- Unidad Piloto de Maricultivos, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico.
| | - K B Andree
- Unitat de Cultius Aqüícoles, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), IRTA-SRC, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
| | - D Tovar-Ramirez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada y Genómica Funcional, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - K Bonacic
- Unitat de Cultius Aqüícoles, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), IRTA-SRC, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
| | - S Dumas
- Unidad Piloto de Maricultivos, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
| | - E Gisbert
- Unitat de Cultius Aqüícoles, IRTA (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries), IRTA-SRC, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
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Bisesi JH, Ngo T, Ponnavolu S, Liu K, Lavelle CM, Afrooz ARMN, Saleh NB, Ferguson PL, Denslow ND, Sabo-Attwood T. Examination of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Uptake and Toxicity from Dietary Exposure: Tracking Movement and Impacts in the Gastrointestinal System. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1066-1086. [PMID: 28347052 PMCID: PMC5312889 DOI: 10.3390/nano5021066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that exposure of fish to pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by oral gavage, causes no overt toxicity, and no appreciable absorption has been observed. However, in the environment, SWCNTs are likely to be present in dietary sources, which may result in differential impacts on uptake and biological effects. Additionally, the potential of these materials to sorb nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids) while present in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract may lead to nutrient depletion conditions that impact processes such as growth and reproduction. To test this phenomenon, fathead minnows were fed a commercial diet either with or without SWCNTs for 96 h. Tracking and quantification of SWCNTs using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging during feeding studies showed the presence of food does not facilitate transport of SWCNTs across the intestinal epithelia. Targeting genes shown to be responsive to nutrient depletion (peptide transporters, peptide hormones, and lipases) indicated that pept2, a peptide transporter, and cck, a peptide hormone, showed differential mRNA expression by 96 h, a response that may be indicative of nutrient limitation. The results of the current study increase our understanding of the movement of SWCNTs through the GI tract, while the changes in nutrient processing genes highlight a novel mechanism of sublethal toxicity in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Thuy Ngo
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Satvika Ponnavolu
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Keira Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Candice M Lavelle
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - A R M Nabiul Afrooz
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Navid B Saleh
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - P Lee Ferguson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Nancy D Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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12
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Bergan HE, Kittilson JD, Sheridan MA. Nutritional state modulates growth hormone-stimulated lipolysis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 217-218:1-9. [PMID: 25957918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) regulates several processes in vertebrates, including two metabolically disparate processes: promotion of growth, an anabolic action, and mobilization of stored lipid, a catabolic action. In this study, we used hepatocytes isolated from continuously fed and long-term (4weeks) fasted rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as a model to investigate the mechanistic basis of the anabolic and catabolic actions of GH. Our hypothesis was that nutritional state modulates the lipolytic responsiveness of cells by adjusting the signal transduction pathways to which GH links. GH stimulated lipolysis as measured by increased glycerol release in both a time- and concentration-related manner from cells of fasted fish but not from cells of fed fish. Expression of mRNAs that encode the lipolytic enzyme hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), HSL1 and HSL2, also was stimulated by GH in cells from fasted fish and not in cells from fed fish. Activation of the signaling pathways that mediate GH action also was studied. In cells from fed fish, GH activated the JAK-STAT, PI3K-Akt, and ERK pathways, whereas in cells from fasted fish, GH activated the PLC/PKC and ERK pathways. In hepatocytes from fasted fish, blockade of PLC/PKC and of the ERK pathway inhibited GH-stimulated lipolysis and GH-stimulated HSL mRNA expression, whereas blockade of JAK-STAT or of the PI3K-Akt pathway had no effect on lipolysis or HSL expression stimulated by GH. These results indicate that during fasting GH activates the PLC/PKC and ERK pathways resulting in lipolysis but during periods of feeding GH activates a different complement of signal elements that do not promote lipolysis. These findings suggest that the responsiveness of cells to GH depends on the signal pathways to which GH links and helps resolve the growth-promoting and lipid catabolic actions of GH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Bergan
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Kittilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Mark A Sheridan
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
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13
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Li D, Wei XL, Lin XT, Xu ZN, Mu XP. Effects of exercise training on carbohydrate and lipid catabolism in the swimming muscles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 99:893-8. [PMID: 25736102 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effects of exercise training on carbohydrate and lipid catabolism in the swimming muscles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by measuring the levels of related enzymes, lipids and free fatty acids. We designed one control group and two training groups of fish that were exercised at different training intensities [0, 1 and 1.5 body lengths per second (bl/s)]. The fish in the experimental groups were trained for 12 h/day for 4 weeks. Compared with the control group, the 1 and 1.5 bl/s groups showed significantly increased hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities in red muscle (p < 0.05). In white muscle, pyruvate kinase activity was significantly higher in the 1.5 bl/s group than in the control group (p < 0.05), and hexokinase activity did not significantly differ between the groups. The activities of hormone-sensitive lipase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in both muscle types were significantly lower in the training groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). The plasma-free fatty acid level decreased (p < 0.05), while the lipid percentages increased in red muscle (p < 0.05) after exercise training. These findings clearly indicated that with exercise training, glycolysis increased and lipid oxidation decreased in the swimming muscle of tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X L Wei
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X T Lin
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z N Xu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X P Mu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Chen QL, Luo Z, Song YF, Wu K, Huang C, Pan YX, Zhu QL. Hormone-sensitive lipase in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: molecular characterization, mRNA tissue expression and transcriptional regulation by leptin in vivo and in vitro. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 206:130-8. [PMID: 25016050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) plays a pivotal role in regulation of lipolysis in mammals, but information is very scarce about its gene structure and function in fish. In this study, two distinct hsl cDNAs, designated hsl1 and hsl2, were firstly isolated and characterized from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The validated cDNAs encoding for hsl1 and hsl2 were 2739 and 2629bp in length, encoding peptides of 679 and 813 amino acid residues, respectively, and shared 57.7% amino acid identity. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that hsl1 and hsl2 derived from paralogous genes that might have arisen during a teleost-specific genome duplication event. Both hsl mRNAs were expressed in a wide range of tissues, but the abundance of each hsl mRNA showed the tissue- and developmental stage-dependent expression patterns. Intraperitoneal injection in vivo and incubation in vitro of recombinant human leptin (rb-hLEP) stimulated the mRNA expression of hsl2, but not hsl1, in the liver and hepatocytes of P. fulvidraco, respectively, suggesting that two hsl isoforms might serve different roles in lipid metabolism. To our knowledge, for the first time, the present study provides evidence that two hsl mRNAs are differentially expressed with and among tissues during different developmental stages and also differentially regulated by leptin both in vivo and in vitro, which serves to increase our understanding on hsl physiological function in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture of P.R.C., Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovative Centre of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
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15
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Fang W, Bo-Jian C, Zhen-Dong C, Yu-Xiang W, Shi-Jian F. The influence of starvation on fast-start performance of Spinibarbus sinensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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