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Curcumin Attenuation of Wear Particle-Induced Osteolysis via RANKL Signaling Pathway Suppression in Mouse Calvarial Model. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:5784374. [PMID: 29085185 PMCID: PMC5632469 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5784374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wear particle-induced chronic inflammation and osteoclastogenesis are two critical factors in the osteolytic process. Curcumin (CUR) is an active compound of the medicinal herb Curcuma longa and has anti-inflammatory and antiosteoclastogenic properties. Our study tested the hypothesis that CUR might attenuate polymethylmethacrylate- (PMMA-) induced inflammatory osteolysis using mouse calvaria osteolysis model in vivo and in vitro. The mice were divided into four groups: phosphate-buffered saline group, CUR, PMMA, and PMMA + CUR groups. Three days before PMMA particle implantation, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with CUR (25 mg/kg/day). Ten days after the operation, the mouse calvaria was harvested for microcomputed tomography, histomorphometry, and molecular biology analysis. As expected, CUR markedly reduced the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6 in the calvarial organ culture. Moreover, CUR suppressed osteoclastogenesis and decreased bone resorption in vivo compared with PMMA-stimulated calvaria. Furthermore, CUR downregulated the osteoclast-specific gene expression and reversed the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin messenger RNA and protein ratio in PMMA particle-stimulated mice. These results suggest that CUR attenuated PMMA particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis by suppressing the RANKL signaling pathway in the murine calvarium, which could be a candidate compound to prevent and treat AL.
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Liu G, Guo T, Zhang Y, Liu N, Chen J, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhao J. Apoptotic pathways of macrophages within osteolytic interface membrane in periprosthestic osteolysis after total hip replacement. APMIS 2017; 125:565-578. [PMID: 28345781 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage apoptosis in interface membrane, which occurs through either death receptor, mitochondrion, or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways, has been suggested to play an important role in promoting osteolysis. However, how and why macrophage apoptosis originates and the correlation among these apoptotic pathways is not yet clear. The objective of this study was to identify the apoptotic mechanism of macrophages, and to explore the relationship between the apoptotic pathways and progression of osteolysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was utilized to analyze the tissue ultrastructure of wear particles, and in situ apoptotic macrophage identification was performed by TUNEL staining. We analyzed the expression of the key biomarkers of apoptotic pathways via immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Our results demonstrated that the majority of wear particles within osteolytic interface membrane was in the 30-60 nm range, and that macrophage apoptotic ratio increased along with osteolysis progression. Normal hip dysplasia and mechanical loosening of tissues showed low expression levels of biomarkers for ER stress (Ca2+ , JNK, cleaved Caspase-4, IRE1-α, Grp78/Bip, and CHOP), mitochondrion (Bcl-2, Bax, and Cytochrome c), and death receptor (Fas and cleaved Caspase-8) pathways, while osteolytic interface membrane tissues expressed high levels of these biomarkers. In addition, we found that the ER stress intensity was in complete conformity with mitochondrial dysfunction and was consistent with the results of death receptor activation. Thus, our findings suggested that wear particles generated at implant interface can accelerate macrophage apoptosis through changes in apoptotic pathways and ultimately aggravate the symptom of osteolysis. These data represent a preferential apoptotic signaling pathway of macrophages as specific target points for the prevention and therapeutic modulation of periprosthetic osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Bayi Hospital Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bayi Hospital Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Naicheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangning Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bayi Hospital Affiliated Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Veronesi F, Tschon M, Fini M. Gene Expression in Osteolysis: Review on the Identification of Altered Molecular Pathways in Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E499. [PMID: 28245614 PMCID: PMC5372515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening (AL) due to osteolysis is the primary cause of joint prosthesis failure. Currently, a second surgery is still the only available treatment for AL, with its associated drawbacks. The present review aims at identifying genes whose expression is altered in osteolysis, and that could be the target of new pharmacological treatments, with the goal of replacing surgery. This review also aims at identifying the molecular pathways altered by different wear particles. We reviewed preclinical and clinical studies from 2010 to 2016, analyzing gene expression of tissues or cells affected by osteolysis. A total of 32 in vitro, 16 in vivo and six clinical studies were included. These studies revealed that genes belonging to both inflammation and osteoclastogenesis pathways are mainly involved in osteolysis. More precisely, an increase in genes encoding for the following factors were observed: Interleukins 6 and 1β (IL16 and β), Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC1), Cathepsin K (CATK) and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Titanium (Ti) and Polyethylene (PE) were the most studied particles, showing that Ti up-regulated inflammation and osteoclastogenesis related genes, while PE up-regulated primarily osteoclastogenesis related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Veronesi
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Li B, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Cheng M, Qin H, Cheng T, Wang Q, Peng X, Zhang X. Curcumin Attenuates Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammation by Regulating Macrophage Polarization In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Immunol 2017; 8:55. [PMID: 28197150 PMCID: PMC5281580 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic inflammatory osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening are commonly observed in total joint arthroplasty. Other than revision surgery, few approved treatments are available for this complication. Wear particle-induced inflammation and macrophage polarization state play critical roles in periprosthetic osteolysis. We investigated the effects of curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from Curcuma longa, on titanium (Ti) particle-induced inflammation and macrophage polarization in vitro using the murine cell line RAW 264.7 and in vivo using a murine air pouch model. The expression of specific macrophage markers was qualitatively analyzed by immunofluorescence (inducible nitric oxide synthase and CD206) and quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry (CCR7 and CD206), representing M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively. Our results show that curcumin induced a higher percentage of M2 macrophages together with a higher concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and a lower percentage of M1 macrophages with a lower concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). The genes encoding CD86 (M1) and CD163 (M2), two additional markers, were shifted by curcumin toward an M2 phenotype. C57BL/J6 mice were injected with air and Ti particles to establish an air pouch model. Curcumin reduced cell infiltration in the pouch membrane and decreased membrane thickness. The analysis of exudates obtained from pouches demonstrated that the effects of curcumin on macrophage polarization and cytokine production were similar to those observed in vitro. These results prove that curcumin suppresses Ti particle-induced inflammation by regulating macrophage polarization. Thus, curcumin could be developed as a new therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory osteolysis and aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yaochao Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Mengqi Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiaojie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People' Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
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In Vitro Analyses of the Toxicity, Immunological, and Gene Expression Effects of Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Wear Debris and Co Ions Derived from Metal-on-Metal Hip Implants. LUBRICANTS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants3030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kim YG, Kang J, Kim H, Kim H, Kim HH, Kim JY, Lee Y. Bortezomib Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-induced Alveolar Bone Resorption. J Dent Res 2015; 94:1243-50. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034515592592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy bone is maintained by the coordinated activities of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-dependent bone resorption. Pathologic conditions such as hormonal imbalance and inflammation cause increased osteoclastogenesis resulting in osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. Bortezomib is novel antimyeloma agent that has a direct beneficial effect on bone formation. However, the role of bortezomib in osteoclastogenesis and underlying mechanisms remains to be fully comprehended. In the present study, we show that bortezomib directly inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)– and lipopolysaccharide-dependent osteoclast differentiation. Interestingly, the bortezomib-mediated inhibition of osteoclastogenesis was transient, since the removal of bortezomib from culture completely restored osteoclast differentiation. Bortezomib impeded the induction and nuclear localization of nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 and reduced both macrophage colony-stimulating factor– and RANKL-induced extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. In a mouse model of periodontitis, bortezomib prevented alveolar bone erosion induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. These data not only suggest a previously unappreciated mechanism by which bortezomib regulates bone resorption but also propose novel applications of bortezomib beyond its use as an antimyeloma agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.-G. Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J.H. Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - H.J. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - H.J. Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - H.-H. Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J.-Y. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y. Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways within the osteolytic periosteum and interface membrane in particle-induced osteolysis. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 363:427-47. [PMID: 26004143 PMCID: PMC4735257 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening secondary to periprosthetic inflammatory osteolysis results from the biological response to wear particles and is a leading cause of arthroplasty failure. The origin of this inflammatory response remains unclear. We aim to validate the definite link between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and particle-induced inflammatory signaling pathways in periprosthetic osteolysis. We examine the histopathologic changes of osteolysis and the expression of specific biomarkers for ER-stress-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways (IRE1α, GRP78/Bip, c-Fos, NF-κB, ROS and Ca(2+)). Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and osteoclastogenic molecules (VEGF, OPG, RANKL and M-CSF) were assessed in clinical interface membranes and murine periosteum tissues. We found wear particles to be capable of inducing ER stress in macrophages within clinical osteolytic interface membranes and murine osteolytic periosteum tissues and to be associated with the inflammatory response and osteoclastogenesis. Blocking ER stress with sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) results in a dramatic amelioration of particle-induced osteolysis and a significant reduction of ER-stress intensity. Simultaneously, this ER-stress blocker also lessens inflammatory cell infiltration, diminishes the capability of osteoclastogenesis and reduces the inflammatory response by lowering IRE1α, GRP78/Bip, c-Fos, NF-κB, ROS and Ca(2+) levels. Thus, ER stress plays an important role in particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis and osteoclastogenic reactions. The pharmacological targeting of ER-stress-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways might be an appealing approach for alleviating or preventing particle-induced osteolysis in at-risk patients.
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Chen D, Zhang X, Guo Y, Shi S, Mao X, Pan X, Cheng T. MMP-9 inhibition suppresses wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis through downregulation of RANK/RANKL in a murine osteolysis model. Int J Mol Med 2012; 30:1417-23. [PMID: 23027468 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Wear debris-induced osteolysis in periprosthetic tissue with aseptic loosening is a serious problem after total joint arthroplasty. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is expressed in osteoclast cells that surround loosening peri-implant tissue, but the molecular mechanism of MMP-9 action in wear debris-induced osteolysis remains ambiguous. We used a murine osteolysis model to examine the hypothesis that administration of an MMP-9 inhibitor reduces the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) and nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and, thereby, suppressesdebris-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Experiments were performed in 3 groups of 15 mice: a control, a titanium (Ti) and a Ti plus tetracycline group. To provoke inflammatory osteolysis, calvarial bone was implanted from syngeneic littermates, followed by injection of Ti particles into established air pouches for all groups except the control. Tetracycline was administered daily by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, and PBS was administered by i.p. injection to the control and Ti groups. Mice were sacrificed 14 days after bone-Ti implantation. Pouch membranes with the intact bone implants were collected for histological and molecular analysis. Tetracycline had minimum effect on the expression of MMP-9 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) but it decreased gene activation and inhibited the expression of RANK and RANKL, thereby inhibiting Ti-particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Tetracycline decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in the pouch tissues. Our results in the murine osteolysis model suggest that through the downregulation of RANK/RANKL, tetracycline significantly inhibits debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis. Its use in clinical practice may help prevent complications experienced by patients who have undergone total joint arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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