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Slobodin O, Shorer M, Friedman Zeltzer G, Fennig S. Interactions between parenting styles, child anxiety, and oppositionality in selective mutism. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02484-w. [PMID: 38832963 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02484-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Selective mutism (SM) is a poorly understood condition, and debate continues regarding its etiology and classification. Research suggests that a genetic vulnerability may play a role in the development of the disorder which may be compounded by anxious and over-protective parenting. While previous studies supported the role of parenting styles in the development of SM, most of them examined child and parent factors in isolation. The current study examined how the interactions between child internalizing and externalizing behaviors (anxiety and oppositionality, respectively) and parenting styles (authoritative, permissive, and authoritarian) are associated with SM diagnosis. The study included 285 children aged 3-7 years (57.2% females), and their parents (66 children with SM and 219 typically developed children). Parents completed questionnaires about child social anxiety, oppositional behavior, SM severity, and their parenting style. Results showed that parents of children with SM reported lower levels of authoritative practices than those of typically developed children. We also found that child social anxiety and oppositionality moderated the effects of authoritative and authoritarian parenting practices on SM diagnosis. Our results suggest that child anxiety and oppositionality may explain the different susceptibility of children to adaptive and maladaptive parenting styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ortal Slobodin
- School of Education, Ben-Gurion University, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Maayan Shorer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and the Lior Tzfaty Mental Pain Center, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Heffer, Israel
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Department of Psychological Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Silvana Fennig
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Department of Psychological Medicine, Petah Tikva, Israel
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Zhang J, Wu Z, Tao H, Chen M, Yu M, Zhou L, Sun M, Lv D, Cui G, Yi Q, Tang H, An C, Liu Z, Huang X, Long Y. Profile and mental health characterization of childhood overprotection/overcontrol experiences among Chinese university students: a nationwide survey. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1238254. [PMID: 37908593 PMCID: PMC10614290 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1238254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The childhood experiences of being overprotected and overcontrolled by family members have been suggested to be potentially traumatic. However, the possible associated factors of these experiences among young people are still not well studied. This study aimed to partly fill such gaps by a relatively large, nationwide survey of Chinese university students. Methods A total of 5,823 university students across nine different provinces in China were included by the convenience sampling method in the data analyses. All participants completed the overprotection/overcontrol (OP/OC) subscale in a recently developed 33-item childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ- 33). Data were also collected on all participants' socio-demographic profiles and characterization of mental health. Binary logistic regression was conducted to investigate the associated socio-demographic and psychological factors of OP/ OC. Results The prevalence of childhood OP/OC was estimated as 15.63% (910/5,823) based on a cutoff OP/OC subscale score of ≥ 13. Binary logistic regression suggested that being male, being a single child, having depression, having psychotic-like experiences, lower family functioning, and lower psychological resilience were independently associated with childhood OP/OC experiences (all corrected-p < 0.05). The OP/OC was also positively associated with all the other trauma subtypes (abuses and neglects) in the CTQ-33, while there are both shared and unique associated factors between the OP/OC and other trauma subtypes. Post-hoc analyses suggested that OP/OC experiences were associated with depression in only females and associated with anxiety in only males. Discussion Our results may provide initial evidence that childhood OP/OC experiences would have negative effects on young people's mental health which merits further investigations, especially in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haojuan Tao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Miaoyu Yu
- Department of Mental Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Social Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Social Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongsheng Lv
- Department of Mental Health Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, The Affiliated Mental Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Guangcheng Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qizhong Yi
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Psychological Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cuixia An
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yicheng Long
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wilton EP, Gladstone TR, Lahoud AA, Biscarri Clark SD, Fredrickson CG, Flessner CA. The impact of child anxiety and overinvolvement on peer relations: a moderation model. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2022.2117179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily P. Wilton
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | | | - Ashley A. Lahoud
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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Raffagnato A, Angelico C, Fasolato R, Sale E, Gatta M, Miscioscia M. Parental Bonding and Children's Psychopathology: A Transgenerational View Point. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:1012. [PMID: 34828725 PMCID: PMC8618782 DOI: 10.3390/children8111012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Literature confirmed parental bonding as one of key factors influencing offspring's psychopathology; the present study aimed to investigate, with a case-control study, the relationship between parental bonding and psychopathology in an Italian adolescent sample. The clinical sample was composed of 64 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old (Mage 15.00; S.D. 1.70) attending a Neuropsychiatric Unit of Veneto; the non-clinical sample was composed of 61 adolescents, from 13 to 18 years old (Mage 14.80; S.D. 1.32) attending middle and high school in the province of Padua and Pesaro (Italy); their parents (mothers and fathers) were also involved. In the study, self-reported tests were administered (Parental Bonding Instrument, Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self Report). Our study confirmed a correlation between parental bonding and adolescent psychopathology: dysfunctional parenting styles (characterized by low care and high control) were more frequent among cases in contrast to controls. An effect of gender also appeared. In the Italian adolescent clinical sample, parental bonding, especially low parental care, was correlated to the emergence of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Raffagnato
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (C.A.); (R.F.); (M.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Caterina Angelico
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (C.A.); (R.F.); (M.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Rachele Fasolato
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (C.A.); (R.F.); (M.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Eleonora Sale
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, ULSS6 Padua, 35143 Padua, Italy;
| | - Michela Gatta
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (C.A.); (R.F.); (M.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Marina Miscioscia
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (C.A.); (R.F.); (M.G.); (M.M.)
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
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Lilley C, Sirois F, Rowse G. A meta-analysis of parental multidimensional perfectionism and child psychological outcomes. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Wu Q, Zhang J, Slesnick N. Intergenerational transmission of maternal overprotection and child anxiety in substance-using families. J Anxiety Disord 2020; 73:102236. [PMID: 32447226 PMCID: PMC7318452 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated an intergenerational transmission model between maternal overprotection and child anxiety across three generations, among a sample of substance-using women and their children. Participants included 183 mother-child pairs. Mothers reported overprotective behaviors of their own mothers, as well as their own anxiety symptoms and substance use at baseline. Mothers reported their adolescents' internalizing behaviors, and adolescents reported their mothers' overprotection, five times over 1.5 years. Growth curve models showed that overprotection among the first generation (G1) mothers was related to anxiety among the second generation (G2) mothers and sequentially the rate of change of overprotection among G2 mothers. Baseline overprotection among G2 mothers was related to baseline internalizing problems among the third generation (G3). More importantly, substance use among G2 mothers moderated the link between the rate of change in overprotection among G2 mothers and the rate of change in internalizing problems among G3 children. Findings uncover the intergenerational transmission model of overprotection-anxiety and shed light upon the complex relations among anxiety, substance use, and parenting in substance-using families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Family and Child Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, 322 Sandels Building, 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, United States.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, School of Lifespan Development and Educational Sciences, Kent State University, 406G White Hall, 150 Terrace Drive, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH, 44242, United States
| | - Natasha Slesnick
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Campbell Hall Room 135, 1787 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
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Smiley PA, Partington LC, Cochran CR, Borelli JL. Autonomy-restrictive socialization of anger: Associations with school-aged children's physiology, trait anxiety, state distress, and relationship closeness. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 62:1134-1149. [PMID: 32314361 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Parental socialization that infringes on children's autonomy may have consequences for physiological regulation, trait anxiety, and state distress. One such practice is the use of positive conditional regard (CR)-the provision of extra attention/affection when children meet parents' expectations. Self-determination theory proposes that CR thwarts satisfaction of children's basic needs for relatedness and autonomy by placing these needs in conflict. We evaluate associations among children's (N = 106, 51% male, Mage = 10.27 years, SD = 1.09) reports of their mothers' use of positive CR to suppress anger expression (PCR-anger), their physiological regulation (resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA), and their trait anxiety and state distress, in light of perceived relationship closeness. After controlling demographics, mothers' reports of positive and negative CR-anger, children's reports of mothers' negative CR-anger and depressive symptoms, greater child-reported positive CR-anger was significantly associated with greater child anxiety and with lower resting RSA. Resting RSA mediated associations of child-reported positive CR-anger with greater child anxiety and post-failure distress. These indirect effects were significant for children low or moderate in closeness to mother. We conclude that autonomy-restrictive socialization is a concurrent correlate of children's physiological regulation, anxiety, and state distress, with these associations dependent on relational distance.
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Geng M, Jiang L, Wu X, Ding P, Liu W, Liu M, Tao F. Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption are associated with behavioral problems among preschoolers: A population based cross-sectional study in China. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:519-525. [PMID: 32090780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous researches showed a positive association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and behavioral problems, but there is a little known in Chinese preschoolers. METHODS A population based survey was conducted in 109 kindergartens, in 11 cities across China. Children's SSB consumption was assessed by questionnaires completed by caregivers. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Clancy Autism Behavior Scale (CABS) were used to assessing the children's behavioral problems. RESULT The prevalence of SSB consumption ≥ 1 time/day was 24.9%. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of having elevated total difficulties by increasing levels of SSB consumption were 1.00, 1.13 (1.05, 1.22) and 1.24 (1.10, 1.41) (P for trend < 0.001), respectivly. Similar results were found in emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer problems, and CABS. No significantly increased the risk of hyperactivity and prosocial were observed for higher SSB consumption. No gender differences were found in these associations. LIMITATIONS This is a cross-sectional survey and the causal relationship is unclear. CONCLUSIONS Higher SSB consumption is positively associated with behavioral problems among preschoolers in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglong Geng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liu Jiang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Emerson LM, Ogielda C, Rowse G. The Role of Experiential Avoidance and Parental Control in the Association Between Parent and Child Anxiety. Front Psychol 2019; 10:262. [PMID: 30833916 PMCID: PMC6387941 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenting behavior and practices contribute to the intergenerational relationship between parent and child anxiety, with parental control being a consistent predictor of child anxiety. Parental experiential avoidance refers to how a parent copes with their internal world in the context of parenting. Little is known about how this relatively new parenting concept relates to child anxiety. The current study tested the indirect effect of parent anxiety on child anxiety through parental control and parental experiential avoidance; the indirect effect of parent anxiety on parental control through parental experiential avoidance; and the moderating effect of parental experiential avoidance on the relationship between parental control and child anxiety. Using a cross-sectional design, parents (N = 85) from a community sample of 8–12-year-old children self-reported on a survey measuring parent anxiety, child anxiety, parental control, and parental experiential avoidance. A hierarchical regression indicated that parental experiential avoidance significantly predicted child anxiety and accounted for further variance in child anxiety, over, and above parental control. There was an indirect effect of parent anxiety on child anxiety through parental control and parental experiential avoidance. Parental experiential avoidance moderated the relationship between parental control and child anxiety, such that the relationship was only significant at high levels of parental experiential avoidance. The current study provides support for the role of parental experiential avoidance in an intergenerational understanding of anxiety. Future research should replicate the study with a clinical sample. Theoretical and practice implications are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Emerson
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Claire Ogielda
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina Rowse
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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The role of parents and teachers in changing adolescents' perfectionism: A short-term longitudinal study. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wei C, Swan AJ, Makover HB, Kendall PC. A Multi-Informant Examination of Maternal Symptoms and Autonomy Granting in Youth Anxiety. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2017; 48:1001-1009. [PMID: 28389842 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-017-0722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests the important role of (a) parenting behaviors and (b) parental psychopathology in the development and maintenance of youth anxiety. Using a multi-informant approach, the current study examined the association of maternal autonomy granting and maternal symptoms (i.e., anxiety and depression) with youth anxiety among mothers and 88 youth (ages of 6-17) diagnosed with a principal anxiety disorder. Results from the generalized estimating equations (GEE) analyses indicated that mothers reported higher youth anxiety symptoms compared to youth self-reports. Youth-perceived maternal autonomy granting was inversely associated with youth anxiety, and maternal self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms significantly moderated this relationship: As mothers reported higher anxiety and depressive symptoms, the inverse association between parental autonomy granting and youth anxiety weakened. The interaction between parenting behavior and parental psychopathology significantly influenced youth anxiety symptoms, which presents important clinical implications to integrate into parenting work in the treatment of youth anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaying Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Anna J Swan
- Department of Psychology, Weiss Hall, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19087, USA
| | - Heather B Makover
- Department of Psychology, Weiss Hall, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19087, USA
| | - Philip C Kendall
- Department of Psychology, Weiss Hall, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19087, USA.
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Laakmann M, Petermann U, Petermann F. Elternarbeit im Kontext der Angstbehandlung von Kindern. KINDHEIT UND ENTWICKLUNG 2017. [DOI: 10.1026/0942-5403/a000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Angststörungen sind im Kindes- und Jugendalter weit verbreitet. Die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (CBT) hat sich als Intervention der Wahl erwiesen. Neben Psychoedukation, kognitiven Techniken und Expositionsübungen ist auch die therapeutische Arbeit mit den Eltern eine häufig eingesetzte Methode. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob der Einsatz von Elternarbeit in der Therapie mit ängstlichen Kindern die Effektivität der Intervention steigert. Im Rahmen eines systematischen Reviews wurden 25 Studien identifiziert, die von wenigen Elternsitzungen bis hin zu reinen Elterntrainings ein großes Spektrum der Elternarbeit bei Kindern mit einer Angststörung abdecken. Es zeigt sich, dass die CBT Wartekontrollgruppen hinsichtlich der Remissionsrate der Angststörungen generell überlegen ist. Behandlungsansätze, die neben der kindbezogenen Intervention ein Elterntraining enthalten, erweisen sich nicht wirksamer im Vergleich zu ausschließlich kindbezogenen Interventionen. Mögliche Erklärungen für das Ausbleiben der Wirksamkeitssteigerung und daraus resultierende Konsequenzen werden diskutiert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Laakmann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation der Universität Bremen
| | - Ulrike Petermann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation der Universität Bremen
| | - Franz Petermann
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie und Rehabilitation der Universität Bremen
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Cheung S, Han E, Kushki A, Anagnostou E, Biddiss E. Biomusic: An Auditory Interface for Detecting Physiological Indicators of Anxiety in Children. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:401. [PMID: 27625593 PMCID: PMC5003931 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For children with profound disabilities affecting communication, it can be extremely challenging to identify salient emotions such as anxiety. If left unmanaged, anxiety can lead to hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and other psychological diagnoses. Physiological signals of the autonomic nervous system are indicative of anxiety, but can be difficult to interpret for non-specialist caregivers. This paper evaluates an auditory interface for intuitive detection of anxiety from physiological signals. The interface, called "Biomusic," maps physiological signals to music (i.e., electrodermal activity to melody; skin temperature to musical key; heart rate to drum beat; respiration to a "whooshing" embellishment resembling the sound of an exhalation). The Biomusic interface was tested in two experiments. Biomusic samples were generated from physiological recordings of typically developing children (n = 10) and children with autism spectrum disorders (n = 5) during relaxing and anxiety-provoking conditions. Adult participants (n = 16) were then asked to identify "anxious" or "relaxed" states by listening to the samples. In a classification task with 30 Biomusic samples (1 relaxed state, 1 anxious state per child), classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 80.8% [standard error (SE) = 2.3], 84.9% (SE = 3.0), and 76.8% (SE = 3.9), respectively. Participants were able to form an early and accurate impression of the anxiety state within 12.1 (SE = 0.7) seconds of hearing the Biomusic with very little training (i.e., < 10 min) and no contextual information. Biomusic holds promise for monitoring, communication, and biofeedback systems for anxiety management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cheung
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada; Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Han
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada; Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Azadeh Kushki
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada; Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalToronto, ON, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elaine Biddiss
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada; Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
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14
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López-Pérez B, Wilson EL. Parent-child discrepancies in the assessment of children's and adolescents' happiness. J Exp Child Psychol 2015; 139:249-55. [PMID: 26138699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we assessed parent-child agreement in the perception of children's general happiness or well-being in typically developing children (10- and 11-year-olds, n = 172) and adolescents (15- and 16-year-olds, n = 185). Despite parent and child reporters providing internally consistent responses in the General Happiness single-item scale and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire-Short Form, their perceptions about children's and adolescents' general happiness did not correlate. Parents of 10- and 11-year-olds significantly overestimated children's happiness, supporting previous literature on the parents' positivity bias effect. However, parents of 15- and 16-year-olds showed the reverse pattern by underestimating adolescents' happiness. Furthermore, parents' self-reported happiness or well-being (reported 6 months later) significantly correlated with their estimations of children's and adolescents' happiness. Therefore, these results suggest a potential parents' "egocentric bias" when estimating their children's happiness. These findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and applied implications for research into child-parent relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellie L Wilson
- School of Psychology, Plymouth University, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
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15
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Affrunti NW, Geronimi EMC, Woodruff-Borden J. Language of perfectionistic parents predicting child anxiety diagnostic status. J Anxiety Disord 2015; 30:94-102. [PMID: 25618460 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has identified parental perfectionism as a risk factor for child anxiety. Yet few studies investigated why parental perfectionism may play such a role. Based on research suggesting parental verbal information and language use are associated with increased child fear beliefs and anxiety, the current study investigated the linguistic style of perfectionistic mothers and its relation to child anxiety. Participants were 71 mother-child dyads. Children were 3-12 years old, 57.7% female, and 30 were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Analyses showed that parental perfectionism was associated with increased second person pronouns, decreased adverbs, negative emotion words, and anger words. Second person pronouns and negative emotion words predicted child anxiety diagnostic status and mediated the relation between maternal perfectionism and child anxiety. These findings suggest that parental perfectionism may be associated with a specific language style that is related to child anxiety. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Affrunti
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Elena M C Geronimi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Janet Woodruff-Borden
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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