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Sangsuwan P, Tannukit S, Chotigeat W, Kedjarune-Leggat U. Biological Activities of Glass Ionomer Cement Supplemented with Fortilin on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030132. [PMID: 36135566 PMCID: PMC9504290 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the most suitable recombinant fortilin and evaluate the biological activities of glass ionomer cement (GIC) incorporated with fortilin on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Full-length and three fragments of Penaeus merguiensis fortilin were cloned and examined for their proliferative and cytoprotective effects on hDPSCs by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Human DPSCs were cultured with GIC supplemented with fortilin, tricalcium phosphate, or a combination of tricalcium phosphate and fortilin, designated as GIC + FL, GIC + TCP, and GIC + TCP + FL, respectively (n = 4 for each group). At given time points, hDPSCs were harvested and analyzed by MTT, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, alkaline phosphatase activity, and Alizarin Red assays. The full-length fortilin promoted cell proliferation and significantly increased cell survival. This protein was subsequently added into the GIC along with tricalcium phosphate to investigate the biological activities. All experimental groups showed reduced cell viability after treatment with modified GICs on days 1 and 3. The GIC + TCP + FL group significantly promoted odontoblastic differentiation at particular time points. In addition, alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium phosphate deposit were markedly increased in the GIC + TCP + FL group. Among all experimental groups, the GIC incorporated with fortilin and tricalcium phosphate demonstrated the best results on odontogenic differentiation and mineral deposition in hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawichaya Sangsuwan
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Faculty of Science, Biological Science Division, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Sissada Tannukit
- Department of Oral Biology and Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Cell Biology and Biomaterial Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Wilaiwan Chotigeat
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Faculty of Science, Biological Science Division, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Ureporn Kedjarune-Leggat
- Department of Oral Biology and Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Cell Biology and Biomaterial Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
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Dental Follicle Cells: Roles in Development and Beyond. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9159605. [PMID: 31636679 PMCID: PMC6766151 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9159605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle cells (DFCs) are a group of mesenchymal progenitor cells surrounding the tooth germ, responsible for cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone formation in tooth development. Cascades of signaling pathways and transcriptional factors in DFCs are involved in directing tooth eruption and tooth root morphogenesis. Substantial researches have been made to decipher multiple aspects of DFCs, including multilineage differentiation, senescence, and immunomodulatory ability. DFCs were proved to be multipotent progenitors with decent amplification, immunosuppressed and acquisition ability. They are able to differentiate into osteoblasts/cementoblasts, adipocytes, neuron-like cells, and so forth. The excellent properties of DFCs facilitated clinical application, as exemplified by bone tissue engineering, tooth root regeneration, and periodontium regeneration. Except for the oral and maxillofacial regeneration, DFCs were also expected to be applied in other tissues such as spinal cord defects (SCD), cardiomyocyte destruction. This article reviewed roles of DFCs in tooth development, their properties, and clinical application potentials, thus providing a novel guidance for tissue engineering.
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Zhang X, Du Y, Ling J, Li W, Liao Y, Wei X. Dickkopf-related protein 3 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of rat dental follicle cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1673-1681. [PMID: 28259940 PMCID: PMC5364975 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3) on osteogenic differentiation of rat dental follicle cells (DFCs). A PCR array analysis of Wnt pathway activation in DFCs identified genes dysregulated by mineral induction. Among them, DKK3expression levels were decreased, and further experiments were conducted to investigate its role in DFC osteogenesis. By comparing DFCs grown in normal growth and mineral-induction media for 4 weeks, the present study confirmed that DKK3 was a potential target gene of osteogenesis through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting (WB). A short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was introduced into DFCs using a lentiviral vector to inhibit DKK3 expression. An alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and Alizarin Red staining were performed to observe the DKK3-shRNA DFCs. In addition, the osteogenic differentiation of DKK3-shRNA DFCs was analyzed by RT-qPCR and WB. In vivo, DKK3-shRNA DFCs seeded on hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffolds were transplanted into the subcutaneous tissue of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency, followed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining. The results confirmed that DKK3 expression was downregulated during mineral induction in rat DFCs. Lentivirus-mediated expression of DKK3 shRNA in DFCs promoted calcified-nodule formation, ALP activity and the expression of β-catenin, runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin, compared with control cells. In vivo, the implanted section presented the majority of newly formed osteoid matrices and collagen, with limited space between the HA/TCP scaffolds and matrices. In conclusion, DKK3 expression negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs and, conversely, downregulation of DKK3 may enhance DFC osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liao
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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Gosau M, Viale-Bouroncle S, Eickhoff H, Prateeptongkum E, Reck A, Götz W, Klingelhöffer C, Müller S, Morsczeck C. Evaluation of implant-materials as cell carriers for dental stem cells under in vitro conditions. Int J Implant Dent 2015; 1:2. [PMID: 27747624 PMCID: PMC5004001 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-014-0002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental stem cells in combination with implant materials may become an alternative to autologous bone transplants. For tissue engineering different types of soft and rigid implant materials are available, but little is known about the viability and the osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells on these different types of materials. According to previous studies we proposed that rigid bone substitute materials are superior to soft materials for dental tissue engineering. METHODS We evaluated the proliferation, the induction of apoptosis and the osteogenic differentiation of dental stem/progenitor cells on a synthetic bone-like material and on an allograft product. The soft materials silicone and polyacrylamide (PA) were used for comparison. Precursor cells from the dental follicle (DFCs) and progenitor cells from the dental apical papilla of retained third molar tooth (dNC-PCs) were applied as dental stem cells in our study. RESULTS Both dental cell types attached and grew on rigid bone substitute materials, but they did not grow on soft materials. Moreover, rigid bone substitute materials only sustained the osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells, although the allograft product induced apoptosis in both dental cell types. Remarkably, PA, silicone and the synthetic bone substitute material did not induce the apoptosis in dental cells. CONCLUSIONS Our work supports the hypothesis that bone substitute materials are suitable for dental stem cell tissue engineering. Furthermore, we also suggest that the induction of apoptosis by bone substitute materials may not impair the proliferation and the differentiation of dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gosau
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Nuernberg, Breslauer Str., 201, 90471, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Viale-Bouroncle
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Eickhoff
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Esthera Prateeptongkum
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anja Reck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Götz
- Department of Orthodontics, Oral Biology Laboratory, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Regina-Pacis-Weg 3, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Klingelhöffer
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Müller
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Morsczeck
- Department of Cranio- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphates in dentistry. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2013; 24:1335-1363. [PMID: 23468163 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-4898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, remains a major public health problem in the most communities even though the prevalence of disease has decreased since the introduction of fluorides for dental care. Therefore, biomaterials to fill dental defects appear to be necessary to fulfill customers' needs regarding the properties and the processing of the products. Bioceramics and glass-ceramics are widely used for these purposes, as dental inlays, onlays, veneers, crowns or bridges. Calcium orthophosphates belong to bioceramics but they have some specific advantages over other types of bioceramics due to a chemical similarity to the inorganic part of both human and mammalian bones and teeth. Therefore, calcium orthophosphates (both alone and as components of various formulations) are used in dentistry as both dental fillers and implantable scaffolds. This review provides brief information on calcium orthophosphates and describes in details current state-of-the-art on their applications in dentistry and dentistry-related fields. Among the recognized dental specialties, calcium orthophosphates are most frequently used in periodontics; however, the majority of the publications on calcium orthophosphates in dentistry are devoted to unspecified "dental" fields.
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Viale-Bouroncle S, Buergers R, Morsczeck C, Gosau M. β-Tricalcium phosphate induces apoptosis on dental follicle cells. Calcif Tissue Int 2013; 92:412-7. [PMID: 23334352 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-012-9694-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dental stem cells represent a good treatment option in regenerative dentistry. Regeneration of large bone defects can be achieved by a cell-based therapy consisting of osteogenic progenitor cells, such as dental follicle precursor cells (DFCs), in combination with bone substitute material used as a scaffold. A previous trial had shown that β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) improves the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. In the present trial, we investigated the attachment, survival, and proliferation of DFCs on TCP in more detail. A high initial cell number was required for the adhesion, attachment, and sufficient proliferation of DFCs on a TCP scaffold. The TCP scaffold released fine soluble particles enriched in TCP eluates that induced cell death and showed typical characteristics of programmed cell death (apoptosis) in DFCs. During cultivation on the TCP scaffold, DFCs showed a highly upregulated expression of antiapoptotic genes but a downregulated expression of proapoptotic markers. In conclusion, TCP supports osteogenic differentiation in DFCs but also induces programmed cell death. Our data suggest that surviving DFCs avoid programmed cell death by inducing antiapoptotic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Viale-Bouroncle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Hakki SS, Bozkurt BS, Ozcopur B, Gandolfi MG, Prati C, Belli S. The response of cementoblasts to calcium phosphate resin-based and calcium silicate-based commercial sealers. Int Endod J 2012; 46:242-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Hakki
- Department of Periodontology; Selcuk University; Konya; Turkey
| | - B. S. Bozkurt
- Department of Periodontology; Selcuk University; Konya; Turkey
| | - B. Ozcopur
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Yuzuncu Yil University; Van; Turkey
| | - M. G. Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials; Department of Odontostomatological Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna; Italy
| | - C. Prati
- Laboratory of Biomaterials; Department of Odontostomatological Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna; Italy
| | - S. Belli
- Department of Endodontics; Selcuk University; Konya; Turkey
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Xiao Y, Chen J. Proteomics approaches in the identification of molecular signatures of mesenchymal stem cells. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 129:153-76. [PMID: 22790357 DOI: 10.1007/10_2012_143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated, multi-potent stem cells with the ability to renew. They can differentiate into many types of terminal cells, such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes, and neurons. These cells have been applied in tissue engineering as the main cell type to regenerate new tissues. However, a number of issues remain concerning the use of MSCs, such as cell surface markers, the determining factors responsible for their differentiation to terminal cells, and the mechanisms whereby growth factors stimulate MSCs. In this chapter, we will discuss how proteomic techniques have contributed to our current knowledge and how they can be used to address issues currently facing MSC research. The application of proteomics has led to the identification of a special pattern of cell surface protein expression of MSCs. The technique has also contributed to the study of a regulatory network of MSC differentiation to terminal differentiated cells, including osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, neurons, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic islet cells. It has also helped elucidate mechanisms for growth factor-stimulated differentiation of MSCs. Proteomics can, however, not reveal the accurate role of a special pathway and must therefore be combined with other approaches for this purpose. A new generation of proteomic techniques have recently been developed, which will enable a more comprehensive study of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia,
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