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Schredl M. Seeking help for nightmares: Associated personality factors. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13972. [PMID: 37345305 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Research indicated that patients suffering from nightmares are often undertreated. One reason for this gap is that nightmare sufferers themselves often have not sought professional help for their nightmares, and-if they did-it was not very helpful. The current study aimed at studying trait factors (personality, harm avoidance) in relation to the persons considering seeking professional help. In a population-sample of 1108 persons (712 women, 396 men) with a mean age of 50.55 ± 14.22 years, it was also found that only some of the persons who have problems with nightmares even considered seeking professional help as an option. As expected and after controlling for effects of nightmare frequency, persons with high harm avoidance and high introversion were more likely not seeking help for their problems with nightmares. The associations with low education, low agreeableness and low conscientiousness with considering seeking professional help might point to the fear of stigmatisation in nightmare sufferers. Interestingly, the association between harm avoidance and "Considering seeking professional help" was even stronger in the subsample of frequent nightmare sufferers (once a week or more often). Future efforts should aim at findings new ways to offer adequate help for nightmares and increase the knowledge about nightmare treatment in healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schredl
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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2
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Marilac Soalheiro L, de Jesus Brandão B, Paiva RVN, Dias Carvalho L, Menezes Paranhos RD, Ribeiro Barbosa PC, Guerrero-Vargas NN, Tamura EK. Familiarity of Brazilian psychologists with basic concepts in sleep science and chronobiology. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1072-1083. [PMID: 37661786 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2250870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Desynchronization of circadian rhythms and sleep-wake patterns impacts biochemical, physiological, and behavioral functions, including mental processes. The complex relationship between circadian rhythms and mental health makes it challenging to determine causality between circadian desynchronization and mental disorders. Regarding the fact that psychologists act as the front line for initial mental health care, we aimed to assess the knowledge and use of sleep science and basic chronobiology by professional psychologists in Brazil. Data were collected via an online questionnaire completed by 1384 professional psychologists between October 2018 and May 2019. Our findings revealed that ±80% of psychologists reported that at least half of their patients presented some sleep-related complaints; however, only ±27% routinely inquired about sleep quality even in the absence of patient complaints. Additionally, only ±66% initiated treatments to understand these complaints, potentially influenced by the lack of prior academic exposure to biological rhythms as reported by ±76% of Brazilian psychologists interviewed. Importantly, ±15% did not believe in an association between mental health and biological rhythms, and even a significant ±67% were unfamiliar with the term chronobiology and ±63% were not able to describe any other biological rhythm except for the sleep-wake cycle. These results demonstrate that fundamental concepts in chronobiology and sleep science are unknown to a substantial proportion of Brazilian psychologists. In conclusion, we propose that this subject could be more effectively integrated into psychologists' academic training, potentially promoting benefits through the incorporation of a chronobiological approach in mental health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lázaro Dias Carvalho
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo César Ribeiro Barbosa
- Department of Human Sciences and Philosophy, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Natali N Guerrero-Vargas
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México, México City, México
| | - Eduardo Koji Tamura
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
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Zhou ES, Mazzenga M, Gordillo ML, Meltzer LJ, Long KA. Sleep Education and Training among Practicing Clinical Psychologists in the United States and Canada. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:744-753. [PMID: 33336599 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1860990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Clinical psychologists often treat patients with a sleep disorder. Cognitive-behavioral treatments can independently, or in combination with medical interventions, effectively improve sleep health outcomes. No studies have examined sleep education and training among practicing clinical psychologists.Method: Actively practicing clinical psychologists were recruited through psychological associations' e-mail listservs across the United States and Canada. Respondents (N = 200) provided information about: 1) duration and format of formal sleep education and training; 2) perceived self-efficacy to evaluate and treat sleep disorders; and 3) interest in further sleep training.Results: Clinical psychologists reported a median of 10.0 hours of didactic sleep training (range 0-130 hours) across their training or career. Ninety-five percent reported no clinical sleep training during graduate school, internship, or post-doctoral fellowship. In terms of evaluation and treatment, 63.2% reported feeling at least "Moderately Prepared" to evaluate a patient's sleep and 59.5% felt at least "Moderately Prepared" to treat a common sleep disorder (insomnia disorder). However, most endorsed using insomnia disorder treatment approaches inconsistent with empirically supported guidelines. The vast majority (99.3%) desired additional sleep training across a variety of delivery formats.Discussion: Many clinical psychologists engaged in active patient care have received minimal formal sleep training. Despite this, they felt prepared to evaluate and treat sleep disorders. Their treatment recommendations were not aligned with evidence-based standards. This may result in a delay to, or absence of, effective treatment for patients, underscoring the critical need for sleep training among clinical psychologists. It is essential to improve sleep competencies for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Zhou
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Perini Family Survivors' Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Marcella Mazzenga
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Monica L Gordillo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa J Meltzer
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Kristin A Long
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
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Estes S, Tice JR. Understanding and Addressing the Unique Challenges and Conditions of the Veteran: Improving Sleep and Well-Being. Nurs Clin North Am 2021; 56:219-227. [PMID: 34023117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Veterans are those who have served our country in one of the branches of armed forces or military reserves. The Veterans Health Administration is the largest integrated health system in the nation, providing health care services and latest research for veterans. Non-Veteran Health Administration primary care clinicians, who also take care of veterans, deserve to have an understanding of the unique challenges and conditions these individuals face and the resources that are available to improve sleep health and well-being of all veterans. This article guides these clinicians to manage sleep disorders, mental health disorders, and substance use among veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Estes
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, 650 University Boulevard East, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA; Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tuscaloosa Research and Education Advancement Corporation, 3701 Loop Road East, Building 3 Research Suite, Tuscaloosa, AL 35404, USA.
| | - Johnny R Tice
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, 650 University Boulevard East, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
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Caudwell L, Himani H, Khaw A, Taylor R, White J, Rhodes S, Skinner M. Attitudes and perceptions of health professionals towards sleep health: a systematic review. PHYSICAL THERAPY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10833196.2020.1832713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan Caudwell
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Himani Himani
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alice Khaw
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ruby Taylor
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jessica White
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Rhodes
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Margot Skinner
- Center for Health Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Roth AJ, Dietch JR. “A ruffled mind makes a restless pillow”: reducing depression incidence and severity with dCBT-I. Sleep 2020; 43:5893472. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Roth
- Sleep Disorders Center, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jessica R Dietch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Palo Alto, CA
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Romiszewski S, May FEK, Homan EJ, Norris B, Miller MA, Zeman A. Medical student education in sleep and its disorders is still meagre 20 years on: A cross‐sectional survey of UK undergraduate medical education. J Sleep Res 2020; 29:e12980. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ben Norris
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust Exeter UK
| | | | - Adam Zeman
- University of Exeter Medical School Exeter UK
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