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Mai J, Kockler K, Parisi E, Chan CM, Pratt S, Laycock B. Synthesis and physical properties of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based block copolymers: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130204. [PMID: 38365154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of natural polyesters that are synthesised by microorganisms. In general, their thermoplasticity and (in some forms) their elasticity makes them attractive alternatives to petrochemical-derived polymers. However, the high crystallinity of some PHAs - such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) - results in brittleness and a narrow processing window for applications such as packaging. The production of copolymeric PHA materials is one approach to improving the mechanical and thermal properties of PHAs. Another solution is the manufacture of PHA-based block copolymers. The incorporation of different polymer and copolymer blocks coupled to PHA, and the resulting tailorable microstructure of these block copolymers, can result in a step-change improvement in PHA-based material properties. A range of production strategies for PHA-based block copolymers has been reported in the literature, including biological production and chemical synthesis. Biological production is typically less controllable, with products of a broad molecular weight and compositional distribution, unless finely controlled using genetically modified organisms. By contrast, chemical synthesis delivers relatively controllable block structures and narrowly defined compositions. This paper reviews current knowledge in the areas of the production and properties of PHA-based block copolymers, and highlights knowledge gaps and future potential areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Mai
- Fujian Normal University, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Katrin Kockler
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Emily Parisi
- Parisi Technologies, LLC Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Clement Matthew Chan
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Steven Pratt
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Laycock
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Ali J, Tuzen M, Jatoi WB, Hazer B. A novel block copolymer containing gadolinium oxide nanoparticles in ultrasound assisted-dispersive solid phase microextraction of total arsenic in human foodstuffs: A multivariate optimization methodology. Food Chem 2024; 437:137908. [PMID: 37925781 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
A new poly(3-hydroxy butyrate)-b-poly(dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate) amphiphilic block copolymer containing gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (PHB-PDMAEMA-Gd2O3-NPs) were synthesized and used as composite adsorbent for extraction of total arsenic. Characterization of the composite adsorbent material PHB-PDMAEMA-Gd2O3-NP was studied using spectroscopic techniques. Plackett-Burman design and central composite design were employed to screening and optimization of the experimental parameters. This composite adsorbent was utilized in ultrasound assisted-dispersive solid phase microextraction (UA-dSPµE) for the determination of total inorganic arsenic in foodstuffs through hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS). It demonstrates a linear relationship across arsenic concentration range of 0.07-1.12 µg/L with a correlation coefficient (0.996). It's showed an enrichment factor of 128 and a limit of detection 0.02 µg/L for total inorganic arsenic determination. Accuracy of the developed method was confirmed through the analysis of certified reference materials with 96.0-98.5% recovery. It proved to be significantly useful UA-dSPµE method for determining total inorganic arsenic in different foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshed Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Chemistry Department, 60250 Tokat, Turkey; Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir's 66020, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa Tuzen
- Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Chemistry Department, 60250 Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Wahid Bux Jatoi
- Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir's 66020, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Baki Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine Maintenance, Kapadokya University, 50420 Nevşehir, Turkey; Departments of Chemistry/Nano Technology Engineering, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey
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Kilicay E, Erdal E, Elci P, Hazer B, Denkbas EB. Tumour-specific hybrid nanoparticles in therapy of breast cancer. J Microencapsul 2024; 41:45-65. [PMID: 38095892 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2023.2292226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, salicylic acid (SA) dopped into poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and prepared nanoparticles (NPs) to increase encapsulation efficiency, anti-cancer activity of caffeic acid (Caff), and folic acid (FA) for breast cancer treatment. NPs were prepared by solvent evaporation method and characterised by FTIR, DSC, SEM, and entrapment-loading efficiencies. The mean diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS). In vitro release and stability studies were done via eppendorf method. The cytotoxicity, cell dead and internalisation of NPs were shown by MTT, fluorescein and confocal microscopy. The diameter and ZP of NPs were 172 ± 7 nm and -29 ± 0.38 mV. The entrapment efficiencies of 5 and 10 Caff NPs were 79 ± 0.23% and 70 ± 0.42%. NPs showed good stability within 30 d and sustained release over 25 d. FA-5Caff NPs showed 37 ± 0.3% viability on MCF-7. FA-Caff NPs were identified as promising carrier system for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kilicay
- Vocational High School of Eldivan Health Care Services, Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - E Erdal
- Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Technologies Application and Research Center, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - P Elci
- Molecular Laboratory, University of Health Sciences Gülhane Health Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine Maintenance, Kapadokya University, Nevşehir, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - E B Denkbas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Altunay N, Hazer B, Lanjwani MF, Tuzen M. Ultra-Sensitive Determination of Cadmium in Food and Water by Flame-AAS after a New Polyvinyl Benzyl Xanthate as an Adsorbent Based Vortex Assisted Dispersive Solid-Phase Microextraction: Multivariate Optimization. Foods 2023; 12:3620. [PMID: 37835273 PMCID: PMC10572459 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a very toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal even at low levels and it is naturally present in water as well as in food. Methods: A new polyvinyl benzyl xanthate (PvbXa) was synthesized and used as a new adsorbent in this work. It contains pendant sulfide groups on the main polystyryl chain. Using this new adsorbent, PvbXa, a vortex-assisted dispersive solid-phase microextraction (VA-dSPµE) procedure was developed for the determination of cadmium from food and water samples via flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). Synthesized PvbXa was characterized by 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The different parameters of pH, sample volume, mixing type and time, sorbent amount, and eluent time were optimized using standard analytical methods. Results: The optimized method for assessment of Cd in food and water samples shows good reliability. The optimum conditions were found to be a 0.20-150 µg L-1 linear range, 0.06 µg L-1 LOD, 0.20 µg L-1 LOQ, 4.3 RSD %, and a preconcentration factor of 160. Conclusions: The statistically experimental variables were utilized using a central composite design (CCD). The present method is a low-cost, simple, sensitive, and very effective tool for the recovery of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Altunay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey;
| | - Baki Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine Maintenance, Kapadokya University, 50420 Nevşehir, Turkey
- Departments of Chemistry/Nano Technology Engineering, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey; (M.F.L.); (M.T.)
- Dr M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa Tuzen
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey; (M.F.L.); (M.T.)
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Abdelmalek F, Rofeal M, Pietrasik J, Steinbüchel A. Novel Biodegradable Nanoparticulate Chain-End Functionalized Polyhydroxybutyrate-Caffeic Acid with Multifunctionalities for Active Food Coatings. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:7123-7135. [PMID: 37180027 PMCID: PMC10171369 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The bioactivities of polyhydroxyalkanoates have been curtailed owing to the lack of bioactive functional groups in their backbones. In this regard, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) produced from new locally isolated Bacillus nealsonii ICRI16 was chemically modified for enhancing its functionality, stability as well as solubility. First, PHB was transformed to PHB-diethanolamine (PHB-DEA) by transamination. Subsequently, for the first time, the chain ends of the polymer were substituted by caffeic acid molecules (CafA), generating novel PHB-DEA-CafA. The chemical structure of such a polymer was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The modified polyester demonstrated improved thermal behavior compared to PHB-DEA as was shown by thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. Interestingly, 65% of PHB-DEA-CafA was biodegraded in a clay soil environment after 60 days at 25 °C, while 50% of PHB was degraded within the same period. On another avenue, PHB-DEA-CafA nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully prepared with an impressive mean particle size of 223 ± 0.12 nm and high colloidal stability. The nanoparticulate polyester had powerful antioxidant capacity with an IC50 of 32.2 mg/mL, which was the result of CafA loading in the polymer chain. More importantly, the NPs had a considerable effect on the bacterial behavior of four food pathogens, inhibiting 98 ± 0.12% of Listeria monocytogenes DSM 19094 after 48 h of exposure. Finally, the raw polish sausage coated with NPs had a significantly lower bacterial count of 2.11 ± 0.21 log cfu/g in comparison to other groups. When all these positive features are recognized, the polyester described herein could be considered as a good candidate for commercial active food coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fady Abdelmalek
- International
Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)—International
Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Marian Rofeal
- International
Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)—International
Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Joanna Pietrasik
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, Lodz 90-537, Poland
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- International
Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)—International
Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz 90-924, Poland
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Tuzen M, Hazer B, Elik A, Altunay N. Synthesized of poly(vinyl benzyl dithiocarbonate-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate) block copolymer as adsorbent for the vortex-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction of patulin from apple products and dried fruits. Food Chem 2022; 395:133607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Synthesis and characterization of block copolymer: thermal and morphological properties of SiO2-filled block copolymer nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Allı A, Allı S, Hazer B, Zinn M. Synthesis and characterization of star-shaped block copolymers composed of poly(3-hydroxy octanoate) and styrene via RAFT polymerization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2022.2092408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sema Allı
- Department of Chemistry, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Baki Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine Maintenance, Kapadokya University, Ürgüp, Nevşehir, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Manfred Zinn
- Institute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Valais (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
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Wang H, Jiang Z, Guo L, Zheng R, Li J, Yao Z, Shan L. Aqueous Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization: Synthesis, Properties, and Application of an Amphoteric Superplasticizer. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427221080176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Synthesis of Biobased Block Copolymers Using A Novel Methacrylated Methyl Salicylate and Poly(3‐Hydroxybutyrate). ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Polozov E, Grigoreva A, Vlasov A, Zaitsev S. Peculiarities of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in the presence of switchable RAFT agent. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02758-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Altunay N, Hazer B, Tuzen M, Elik A. A new analytical approach for preconcentration, separation and determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in real samples using a new adsorbent: Synthesis, characterization and application. Food Chem 2021; 359:129923. [PMID: 33964654 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A green and efficient analytical approach was reported for simultaneous preconcentration, and separation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in water, vegetables, and barbecue samples by dispersive solid-phase microextraction prior to their determination using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A new poly-3-hydroxy butyrate-polyvinyl triethyl ammonium chloride comb-type amphiphilic cationic block copolymer (PHBvbNCl) was synthesized and characterized. Main variables such as pH, sorbent amount, adsorption time, eluent type, desorption time, and sample volume were optimized. Detection limits and working ranges for Pb(II) and Cd(II) were 0.03 μg L-1, 0.15 μg L-1, 0.1-250 μg L-1 and 0.5-375 μg L-1, respectively. Enhancement factor for Pb (II) and Cd (II) were 114 and 98. The adsorption capacity of PHBvbNCl for Pb(II) and Cd(II) was 175.2 mg g-1 and 152.9 mg g-1. After the accuracy of the method was confirmed by the analysis of certified reference materials, it was successfully applied to real samples. Finally, the analytical performance of the present method was compared with other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Altunay
- Department of Biochemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Baki Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine Maintenance, Kapadokya University, Nevşehir, Turkey; Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Department of Chemistry, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tuzen
- Department of Chemistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Research Institute, Center for Environment and Water (CEW), Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Elik
- Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Glier TE, Vakili M, Trebbin M. Microfluidic synthesis of thermo-responsive block copolymer nano-objects via RAFT polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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