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Mou Y, Liao W, Liang Y, Li Y, Zhao M, Guo Y, Sun Q, Tang J, Wang Z. Environmental pollutants induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis: Roles and mechanisms in various diseases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165851. [PMID: 37516172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is changing with economic development. Most environmental pollutants are characterized by stable chemical properties, strong migration, potential toxicity, and multiple exposure routes. Harmful substances are discharged excessively, and large quantities of unknown new compounds are emerging, being transmitted and amplifying in the food chain. The increasingly severe problems of environmental pollution have forced people to re-examine the relationship between environmental pollution and health. Pyroptosis and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome are critical in maintaining the immune balance and regulating the inflammatory process. Numerous diseases caused by environmental pollutants are closely related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. We intend to systematically explain the steps and important events that are common in life but easily overlooked by which environmental pollutants activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis pathways. This comprehensive review also discusses the interaction network between environmental pollutants, the NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis, and diseases. Thus, research progress on the impact of decreasing oxidative stress levels to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis, thereby repairing homeostasis and reshaping health, is systematically examined. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the impact of environmental pollutants on life and health and provide a theoretical basis and potential programs for the development of corresponding treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yun Liang
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610014, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yaoyao Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Zhilei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
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Saranya T, Kavithaa K, Paulpandi M, Ramya S, Winster SH, Mani G, Dhayalan S, Balachandar V, Narayanasamy A. The creation of selenium nanoparticles decorated with troxerutin and their ability to adapt to the tumour microenvironment have therapeutic implications for triple-negative breast cancer. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj05671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The unique use of selenium–troxerutin nanoconjugates as an effective management therapy for treating TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiruvenkataswamy Saranya
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Kavithaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641028, TN, India
| | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
| | - Sennimalai Ramya
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
- Department of Zoology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sureshbabu Harysh Winster
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
| | - Geetha Mani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, TN, India
| | - Sangeetha Dhayalan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, TN, India
| | - Vellingiri Balachandar
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
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Hüttl M, Markova I, Miklankova D, Zapletalova I, Poruba M, Racova Z, Vecera R, Malinska H. The Beneficial Additive Effect of Silymarin in Metformin Therapy of Liver Steatosis in a Pre-Diabetic Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:pharmaceutics14010045. [PMID: 35056941 PMCID: PMC8780287 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of plant-derived compounds with anti-diabetic agents to manage hepatic steatosis closely associated with diabetes mellitus may be a new therapeutic approach. Silymarin, a complex of bioactive substances extracted from Silybum marianum, evinces an antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activity. In this study, we investigated whether metformin (300 mg/kg/day for four weeks) supplemented with micronized silymarin (600 mg/kg/day) would be effective in mitigating fatty liver disturbances in a pre-diabetic model with dyslipidemia. Compared with metformin monotherapy, the metformin-silymarin combination reduced the content of neutral lipids (TAGs) and lipotoxic intermediates (DAGs). Hepatic gene expression of enzymes and transcription factors involved in lipogenesis (Scd-1, Srebp1, Pparγ, and Nr1h) and fatty acid oxidation (Pparα) were positively affected, with hepatic lipid accumulation reducing as a result. Combination therapy also positively influenced arachidonic acid metabolism, including its metabolites (14,15-EET and 20-HETE), mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress. Changes in the gene expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes, particularly Cyp4A, can improve hepatic lipid metabolism and moderate inflammation. All these effects play a significant role in ameliorating insulin resistance, a principal background of liver steatosis closely linked to T2DM. The additive effect of silymarin in metformin therapy can mitigate fatty liver development in the pre-diabetic state and before the onset of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Hüttl
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.M.); (D.M.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-261-365-369
| | - Irena Markova
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.M.); (D.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Denisa Miklankova
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.M.); (D.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Iveta Zapletalova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.P.); (Z.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Martin Poruba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.P.); (Z.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Zuzana Racova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.P.); (Z.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Rostislav Vecera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.P.); (Z.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Hana Malinska
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.M.); (D.M.); (H.M.)
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Ibrahim WS, Ahmed HMS, Mahmoud AAA, Mahmoud MF, Ibrahim IAAEH. Propranolol and low-dose isoproterenol ameliorate insulin resistance, enhance β-arrestin2 signaling, and reduce cardiac remodeling in high-fructose, high-fat diet-fed mice: Comparative study with metformin. Life Sci 2021; 286:120055. [PMID: 34662551 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS β-Arrestin2 signaling has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the management of insulin resistance and related complications. Moreover, recent studies have shown that certain G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands can modulate β-arrestin2 signaling. The current study examined the effects of the β-blocker propranolol and a low dose of the agonist isoproterenol (L-D-ISOPROT) on β-arrestin2 signaling, insulin resistance, and cardiac remodeling in high-fructose, high-fat diet (HFrHFD)-fed mice. In addition, the effects of these agents were compared to those of the clinical antidiabetic agent, metformin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Insulin resistance was induced by HFrHFD feeding for 16 weeks. Mice were then randomly allocated to groups receiving propranolol, L-D-ISOPROT, metformin, or vehicle (control) for 4 weeks starting on week 13 of HFrHFD feeding. Survival rate, body weight, visceral fat weight, blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance index, hepatic β-arrestin2 signaling, heart weight, left and right ventricular thicknesses, cardiac fibrosis severity, serum endothelin-1, cardiac cardiotrophin-1, and cardiac β-arrestin2 signaling were then compared among groups. KEY FINDINGS HFrHFD for 16 weeks significantly increased insulin resistance index, cardiac fibrosis area, and serum endothelin-1, and reduced hepatic β-arrestin2 signaling, cardiac cardiotrophin-1, and cardiac β-arrestin2 signaling without significant changes in survival rate, body weight, visceral fat weight, heart weight, or left and right ventricular thicknesses. All three drugs reduced insulin resistance and cardiac remodeling parameters and enhanced β-arrestin2 signaling with variable efficacies. SIGNIFICANCE Propranolol and L-D-ISOPROT, like metformin, can reduce insulin-resistance and cardiac remodeling in HFrHFD-fed mice, possibly by upregulating β-arrestin2 signaling activity. Therefore, β-arrestin2-signaling modulation might be a promising strategy for insulin-resistance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda M S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt; Medical Supply Chain, Abo-Hammad Health Administration, Ministry of Health, Egypt
| | - Amr A A Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Islam A A E-H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The vast majority of type 1 diabetes leads to a higher prevalence of reproductive system's impairments. Troxerutin has attracted much attention owing to its favorable properties, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. This investigation was proposed to evaluate whether pretreatment with troxerutin could prevent apoptosis-induced testicular disorders in prepubertal diabetic rats. METHODS Fifty prepubertal male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (C), troxerutin (TX), diabetic (D), diabetic+troxerutin (DTX), and diabetic+insulin (DI). Diabetes was induced by 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin applied intraperitoneally. In TX and DTX groups, 150 mg/kg troxerutin was administered by oral gavage. Diabetic rats in DI group received 2-4 U NPH insulin subcutaneously. Troxerutin and insulin treatments were begun immediately on the day of diabetes confirmation. After 30 days, the testicular lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity, apoptosis process, and stereology as well as serum glucose and insulin levels were assessed. RESULTS The results showed that diabetes caused a significant increase in the blood glucose, the number of TUNEL positive cells and tubules, and the malondialdehyde level as well as a significant decrease in serum insulin level compared to controls. The stereological analysis also revealed various alterations in diabetic rats compared to controls. Troxerutin treatment improved these alterations compared to the diabetic group. CONCLUSION Troxerutin-pretreatment may play an essential role in the management of the type-1 diabetes-induced testicular disorders by decreasing blood glucose and modulating apoptosis.
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Ahmadi Z, Mohammadinejad R, Roomiani S, Afshar EG, Ashrafizadeh M. Biological and Therapeutic Effects of Troxerutin: Molecular Signaling Pathways Come into View. J Pharmacopuncture 2021; 24:1-13. [PMID: 33833895 PMCID: PMC8010425 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2021.24.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids consist a wide range of naturally occurring compounds which are exclusively found in different fruits and vegetables. These medicinal herbs have a number of favourable biological and therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a naturally occurring flavonoid which is isolated from tea, coffee and cereal grains as well as vegetables. It has a variety of valuable pharmacological and therapeutic activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. These pharmacological impacts have been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies. Also, clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of troxerutin for management of phlebocholosis and hemorrhoidal diseases. In the present review, we focus on the therapeutic effects and biological activities of troxerutin as well as its molecular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, University of Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Roomiani
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, University of Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | | | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Zamanian M, Bazmandegan G, Sureda A, Sobarzo-Sanchez E, Yousefi-Manesh H, Shirooie S. The Protective Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Troxerutin (Vitamin P4) for the Treatment of Chronic Diseases: A Mechanistic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 19:97-110. [PMID: 32386493 PMCID: PMC7903491 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200510020744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxerutin (TRX), a semi-synthetic bioflavonoid derived from rutin, has been reported to exert several pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and nephroprotective. However, the related molecular details and its mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present review, we presented evidences from the diversity in vitro and in vivo studies on the therapeutic potential of TRX against neurodegenerative, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases with the purpose to find molecular pathways related to the treatment efficacy. TRX has a beneficial role in many diseases through multiple mechanisms including, increasing antioxidant enzymes and reducing oxidative damage, decreasing in proapoptotic proteins (APAF-1, BAX, caspases-9 and-3) and increasing the antiapoptotic BCL-2, increasing the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and downregulating the nuclear factor κB (NFκ). TRX also reduces acetylcholinesterase activity and upregulates phosphoinositide 3- kinase/Akt signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease models. Natural products such as TRX may develop numerous and intracellular pathways at several steps in the treatment of many diseases. Molecular mechanisms of action are revealing novel, possible combinational beneficial approaches to treat multiple pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultyad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Chile
| | - Hasan Yousefi-Manesh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Xing C, Xiang D, Caiying L. Effects of troxerutin on vascular inflammatory mediators and expression of microRNA-146a/NF-κB signaling pathway in aorta of healthy and diabetic rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:395-402. [PMID: 32830146 PMCID: PMC7445477 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.5.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study has investigated the effect of a potent bioflavonoid, troxerutin, on diabetes-induced changes in pro-inflammatory mediators and expression of microRNA-146a and nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in aortic tissue of type-I diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6/each): healthy, healthy-troxerutin, diabetic, and diabetic-troxerutin. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (60 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) and lasted 10 weeks. Troxerutin (150 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for last month of experiment. Inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II), and inducible-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured on aortic samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gene expressions for transcription factor NF-κB, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1), TNF receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6), and microRNA-146a were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Ten-week diabetes significantly increased mRNA levels of IRAK-1, TRAF-6, NF-κB, and protein levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM, and iNOS, COX-II, and decreased expression of microRNA-146a as compared with healthy rats (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). However, one month treatment of diabetic rats with troxerutin restored glucose and insulin levels, significantly decreased expression of inflammatory genes and pro-inflammatory mediators and increased microRNA level in comparison to diabetic group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). In healthy rats, troxerutin had significant reducing effect only on NF-κB, TNF-α and COX-II levels (p < 0.05). Beside slight improvement of hyperglycemia, troxerutin prevented the activation of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory signaling in the aorta of diabetic rats, and this response may be regulated by microRNA-146a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Xing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu province 225300, China
| | - Dai Xiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu province 225300, China
| | - Li Caiying
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu province 225300, China
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Kaeidi A, Taghipour Z, Allahtavakoli M, Fatemi I, Hakimizadeh E, Hassanshahi J. Ameliorating effect of troxerutin in unilateral ureteral obstruction induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in male rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:879-888. [PMID: 31900517 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induces renal injury and troxerutin attenuates the inflammatory parameters and decreases oxidative stress. Accordingly, this study explored the renoprotective effect of troxerutin in UUO-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in male Wistar rats. Animals were randomly separated into five groups (n = 8): control, UUO, and three UUO groups treated with troxerutin (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg). UUO-induced and vehicle/troxerutin administration was continued for 3 days. Then serum creatinine, mean arterial pressure (MAP), renal perfusion pressure (RPP), renal vascular resistance (RVR), and renal blood flow (RBF) were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase activities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as some oxidative stress parameters were measured in the left kidney. The immunoblotting method was applied to evaluate the cleaved caspase-3 Bax, Bcl-2, and TNF-α proteins level. The hematoxylin and eosin method was used to assess the kidney tissue damage score (KTDS). In 3 days, UUO significantly increased serum creatinine level, KTDS, RVR, MDA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and TNF-α protein levels (p < 0.05); and decreased RBF, TAC, SOD, catalase, GPx activity levels and Bcl-2 protein expression level in the left kidney (p < 0.05). Troxerutin (100 mg/kg) significantly attenuates the indicators alteration induced by UUO. Our findings represented that the renoprotective effect of troxerutin may be related to its anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and RBF improver properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Khalije Fars Blvd., Pistachio Co. Street, 77175-835, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Taghipour
- Department of Anatomy, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Hakimizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Khalije Fars Blvd., Pistachio Co. Street, 77175-835, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran
| | - Jalal Hassanshahi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Khalije Fars Blvd., Pistachio Co. Street, 77175-835, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Malinska H, Hüttl M, Oliyarnyk O, Markova I, Poruba M, Racova Z, Kazdova L, Vecera R. Beneficial effects of troxerutin on metabolic disorders in non-obese model of metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220377. [PMID: 31404079 PMCID: PMC6690532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Troxerutin (TRX) has a beneficial effect on blood viscosity and platelet aggregation, and is currently used for the treatment of chronic varicosity. Recently, TRX can improve lipid abnormalities, glucose intolerance and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders. In this study, we tested the effect of TRX on metabolic syndrome-associated disorders using a non-obese model of metabolic syndrome–the Hereditary Hypertriglyceridaemic rats (HHTg). Methods Adult male HHTg rats were fed standard diet without or with TRX (150 mg/kg bwt/day for 4 weeks). Results Compared to untreated rats, TRX supplementation in HHTg rats decreased serum glucose (p<0.05) and insulin (p<0.05). Although blood lipids were not affected, TRX decreased hepatic cholesterol concentrations (p<0.01) and reduced gene expression of HMGCR, SREBP2 and SCD1 (p<0.01), involved in cholesterol synthesis and lipid homeostasis. TRX-treated rats exhibited decreased lipoperoxidation and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPx (p<0.05) in the liver. In addition, TRX supplementation increased insulin sensitivity in muscles and epididymal adipose tissue (p<0.05). Elevated serum adiponectin (p<0.05) and decreased muscle triglyceride (p<0.05) helped improve insulin sensitivity. Among the beneficial effects of TRX were changes to cytochrome P450 family enzymes. Hepatic gene expression of CYP4A1, CYP4A3 and CYP5A1 (p<0.01) decreased, while there was a marked elevation in gene expression of CYP1A1 (p<0.01). Conclusion Our results indicate that TRX improves hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. As well as ameliorating oxidative stress, TRX can reduce ectopic lipid deposition, affect genes involved in lipid metabolism, and influence the activity of CYP family enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Malinska
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Martina Hüttl
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Oliyarnyk
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Markova
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Poruba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Racova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kazdova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Vecera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Li Y, Ma P, Fu J, Wu J, Wu X. Combining an in silico approach with an animal experiment to investigate the protective effect of troxerutin for treating acute lung injury. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:124. [PMID: 31182097 PMCID: PMC6558719 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Troxerutin (TRX), a naturally occurring flavonoid in various fruits, has been reported to exhibit numerous pharmacological and biological activities in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TRX as a treatment for disease are poorly understood. Methods Using pharmacophore mapping and inverse docking, a set of potential TRX target proteins that have been associated with multiple forms of diseases was obtained. Bioinformatic analyses were performed using the Enrichr and STRING servers to analyse the related biological processes and protein-protein networks. Furthermore, we investigated the potential protective effect of TRX against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI) using a mouse model. Morphological changes in the lungs were assessed using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Inflammatory cytokines, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and IL-10 were investigated using ELISA. Activation of MAPK and NF-κB was detected using western blotting. Results Our network pharmacology analysis revealed the existence of multiple TRX-related chemical-target interactions and the related biological processes. We found that pretreatment with TRX protected against histological changes and obviously regulated the inflammatory cell counts and inflammatory cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Based on bioinformatic and western blot analyses, TRX may exert a protective effect against ALI by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signalling. Conclusions TRX can ameliorate pulmonary injury by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways and has a potential protective effect against ALI. This study may be helpful for understanding the mechanisms underlying TRX action and for discovering new drugs from plants for the treatment of ALI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2515-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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12
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Bayandor P, Farajdokht F, Mohaddes G, Diba R, Hosseindoost M, Mehri K, Zavvari Oskuye Z, Babri S. The effect of troxerutin on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours in the offspring of high-fat diet fed dams. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:156-162. [PMID: 29482367 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1443142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the metabolic and behavioural effects of troxerutin treatment in the offspring of high fat diet (HFD) fed dams. Female Wistar rats (n = 40) received normal diet (ND) or HFD for 8 weeks prior to breeding. After mating, pregnant animals were assigned to four subgroups: ND, ND + Tro (troxerutin 150 mg/kg/day), HFD, and HFD + Tro. On the 21st day, male offspring were weaned and fed ND until 12 weeks old. Behavioural tests were performed on postnatal day (PND) 80 and 90. Compared to the controls, the HFD offspring showed more anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, higher blood glucose, cholesterol, and cortisol levels. On the other hand, chronic troxerutin administration during gestation restored metabolic and behavioural changes to normal. In summary, troxerutin improved anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, as well as metabolic status in the offspring of the HFD fed dams. More studies are needed to determine the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Bayandor
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- b Neurosciences Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- b Neurosciences Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Roghayeh Diba
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Maryam Hosseindoost
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Keyvan Mehri
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Zohreh Zavvari Oskuye
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Shirin Babri
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
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13
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Li W, Zhang Y, He Y, Wang Y, Guo S, Zhao X, Feng Y, Song Z, Zou Y, He W, Chen L. Candidate gene prioritization for non-communicable diseases based on functional information: Case studies. J Biomed Inform 2019; 93:103155. [PMID: 30902596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Candidate gene prioritization for complex non-communicable diseases is essential to understanding the mechanism and developing better means for diagnosing and treating these diseases. Many methods have been developed to prioritize candidate genes in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Integrating functional information/similarity into disease-related PPI networks could improve the performance of prioritization. In this study, a candidate gene prioritization method was proposed for non-communicable diseases considering disease risks transferred between genes in weighted disease PPI networks with weights for nodes and edges based on functional information. Here, three types of non-communicable diseases with pathobiological similarity, Type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary artery disease (CAD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), were used as case studies. Literature review and pathway enrichment analysis of top-ranked genes demonstrated the effectiveness of our method. Better performance was achieved after comparing our method with other existing methods. Pathobiological similarity among these three diseases was further investigated for common top-ranked genes to reveal their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuehan He
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xilei Zhao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuyan Feng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhaona Song
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuqing Zou
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Weiming He
- Institute of Opto-electronics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Lina Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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14
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Ponnulakshmi R, Shyamaladevi B, Vijayalakshmi P, Selvaraj J. In silico and in vivo analysis to identify the antidiabetic activity of beta sitosterol in adipose tissue of high fat diet and sucrose induced type-2 diabetic experimental rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:276-290. [PMID: 30461321 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1545815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is the primary site of storage for excess energy as triglyceride and it helps in synthesizing a number of biologically active compounds that regulate metabolic homeostasis. Consumption of high dietary fat increases stored fat mass and is considered as a main risk factor for metabolic diseases. Beta-sitosterol (β-sitosterol) is a plant sterol. It has the similar chemical structure like cholesterol. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that β-sitosterol has anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-cancer, anti-arthritic, and hepatoprotective role. However, effect of β-sitosterol on insulin signaling molecules and glucose oxidation has not been explored. Hence in the present study we aimed to discover the protective role of β-sitosterol on the expression of insulin signaling molecules in the adipose tissue of high-fat diet and sucrose-induced type-2 diabetic experimental rats. Effect dose of β-sitosterol (20 mg/kg b.wt, orally for 30 days) was given to high fat diet and sucrose-induced type-2 diabetic rats to study its anti-diabetic activity. Results of the study showed that the treatment with β-sitosterol to diabetes-induced rats normalized the altered levels of blood glucose, serum insulin and testosterone, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes, insulin receptor (IR), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) proteins. Our present findings indicate that β-sitosterol improves glycemic control through activation of IR and GLUT4 in the adipose tissue of high fat and sucrose-induced type-2 diabetic rats. Insilico analysis also coincides with invivo results. Hence it is very clear that β-sitosterol can act as potent antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ponnulakshmi
- a Central Research Laboratory , Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , India
| | - B Shyamaladevi
- b Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals , Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University , Chennai , India
| | - P Vijayalakshmi
- c Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics , Holy cross college , Trichy , India
| | - J Selvaraj
- b Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals , Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University , Chennai , India
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15
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Xue X, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhan J, Chen B, Wang X, Pan X. Troxerutin suppresses the inflammatory response in advanced glycation end-product-administered chondrocytes and attenuates mouse osteoarthritis development. Food Funct 2019; 10:5059-5069. [PMID: 31359010 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As a chronic degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) is clinically characterized by a high incidence, long-term pain, and limited joint activity but without effective preventative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghe Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics
| | - Yunlin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Ye Wang
- The Second School of Medicine
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
| | - Jingdi Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing
- China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics
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16
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Troxerutin Protects Kidney Tissue against BDE-47-Induced Inflammatory Damage through CXCR4-TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9865495. [PMID: 29849929 PMCID: PMC5932985 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9865495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) induces oxidative stress in kidney cells, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Troxerutin, a natural flavonoid, has potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy. In this study, we assessed the effect of troxerutin on kidney damage caused by BDE-47 and investigated the underlying mechanism. The results showed troxerutin reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), decreased the activities of inflammatory factors including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the kidney tissues of BDE-47-treated mice. Furthermore, troxerutin significantly weakened the expression of kidney NLRP3 inflammasome containing NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, contributing to the decline of IL-1β. Additionally, troxerutin inhibited the increased protein level of stromal-derived factor-1(SDF-1), C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 receptor 4 (CXCR4), and thioredoxin interaction protein (TXNIP) caused by BDE-47. Specifically, the immunoprecipitation assay indicated that there was a direct interaction between CXCR4 and TXNIP. CXCR4 siRNA and TXNIP siRNA also decreased the inflammatory damage, which was similar to the action of troxerutin. Our data demonstrated that troxerutin regulated the inflammatory lesions via CXCR4-TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome in the kidney of mice induced by BDE-47.
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17
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Wang Y, Wei S, Chen L, Pei J, Wu H, Pei Y, Chen Y, Wang D. Transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in mice treated with troxerutin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188261. [PMID: 29190643 PMCID: PMC5708793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxerutin, a semi-synthetic derivative of the natural bioflavanoid rutin, has been reported to possess many beneficial effects in human bodies, such as vasoprotection, immune support, anti-inflammation and anti-aging. However, the effects of troxerutin on genome-wide transcription in blood cells are still unknown. In order to find out effects of troxerutin on gene transcription, a high-throughput RNA sequencing was employed to analysis differential gene expression in blood cells consisting of leucocytes, erythrocytes and platelets isolated from the mice received subcutaneous injection of troxerutin. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the expression of only fifteen genes was significantly changed by the treatment with troxerutin, among which 5 genes were up-regulated and 10 genes were down-regulated. Bioinformatic analysis of the fifteen differentially expressed genes was made by utilizing the Gene Ontology (GO), and the differential expression induced by troxerutin was further evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuerong Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lintao Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jinli Pei
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yechun Pei
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Department of Animal Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yibo Chen
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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18
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Troxerutin Reduces Kidney Damage against BDE-47-Induced Apoptosis via Inhibiting NOX2 Activity and Increasing Nrf2 Activity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6034692. [PMID: 29163754 PMCID: PMC5661100 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6034692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
2,2,4,4-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), one of the persistent organic pollutants, seriously influences the quality of life; however, its pathological mechanism remains unclear. Troxerutin is a flavonoid with pharmacological activity of antioxidation and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we investigated troxerutin against BDE-47-induced kidney cell apoptosis and explored the underlying mechanism. The results show that troxerutin reduced renal cell apoptosis and urinary protein secretion in BDE-47-treated mice. Western blot analysis shows that troxerutin supplement enhanced the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax; inhibited the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the activation of procaspase-9 and procaspase-3, and the cleavage of PARP; and reduced FAS, FASL, and caspase-8 levels induced by BDE-47. In addition, troxerutin decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Furthermore, troxerutin blunted Nrf2 ubiquitylation, enhanced the activity of Nrf2, decreased the activity of NOX2, and ameliorated kidney oxidant status of BDE-47-treated mice. Together, these results confirm that troxerutin could alleviate the cytotoxicity of BDE-47 through antioxidation and antiapoptosis, which suggests that its protective mechanism is involved in the inhibition of apoptosis via suppressing NOX2 activity and increasing Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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19
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Geetha R, Sathiya Priya C, Anuradha CV. Troxerutin abrogates mitochondrial oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis in mice fed calorie-rich diet. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:74-83. [PMID: 28916335 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of myocardial apoptosis in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of troxerutin (TX), an antioxidant on mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptotic markers in heart of mice fed fat and fructose-rich diet. Adult male Mus musculus mice were fed either control diet or high fat, high fructose diet (HFFD) for 60 days to induce MS. Mice from each dietary group were divided into two on the 16th day and were either treated or untreated with TX (150 mg/kg bw, p.o) for the next 45 days. At the end of the study, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, oxidative stress markers, levels of intracellular calcium, cardiolipin content, cytochrome c release and apoptotic markers were examined in the myocardium. HFFD-feeding resulted in diminution of antioxidants and increased ROS production, lipid peroxidation and oxidatively modified adducts of 8-OHG, 4-HNE and 3-NT. Further increase in Ca2+ levels, low levels of calcium transporters and decrease in cardiolipin content were noted. Changes in the mitochondrial structure were observed by electron microscopy. Furthermore, cytochrome c release, increase in proapoptotic proteins (APAF-1, BAX, caspases-9 and-3) and decrease in antiapoptotic protein (BCL-2) in HFFD-fed mice suggest myocardial apoptosis. These changes were significantly restored by TX supplementation. TX administration effectively attenuated cardiac apoptosis and exerted a protective role by increasing antioxidant potential and by improving mitochondrial function. Thus, TX could be a promising therapeutic candidate for treating cardiac disease in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajagopalan Geetha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Carani Venkatraman Anuradha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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20
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Yu Y, Zheng G. Troxerutin protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy through NF‑κB/AKT/IRS1 in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3473-3478. [PMID: 28440404 PMCID: PMC5436284 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxerutin is a bioflavonoid, which can be used to treat venous disorders, thrombosis and cerebrovascular diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that it may also be used to prevent edemas. However, it is not known whether troxerutin protects against the cardiomyopathic complications of diabetes. In the present study, a rat model of type 2 diabetes was used to investigate the potential for troxerutin to protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy, through changes to nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) expression. Troxerutin administration significantly reduced heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose and plasma triglyceride levels across all measured time points. Furthermore, troxerutin significantly reduced reactive oxygen species levels, NF‑κB protein expression, and suppressed the phosphorylated forms of AKT, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK). These results suggested that troxerutin protects against cardiomyopathy via alterations in NF‑κB, AKT and IRS1 signaling, in a rat model of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Linzi District People's Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, P.R. China
| | - Guanzhong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Linzi District People's Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, P.R. China
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21
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Troxerutin Attenuates Enhancement of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis by Inhibiting NOD Activation-Mediated Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Treated Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 18:ijms18010031. [PMID: 28029143 PMCID: PMC5297666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that troxerutin, a trihydroxyethylated derivative of natural bioflavonoid rutin, exhibits beneficial effects on diabetes-related symptoms. Here we investigated the effects of troxerutin on the enhancement of hepatic gluconeogenesis in high-fat diet (HFD)-treated mice and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Mice were divided into four groups: Control group, HFD group, HFD + Troxerutin group, and Troxerutin group. Troxerutin was treated by daily oral administration at doses of 150 mg/kg/day for 20 weeks. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was used to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). Our results showed that troxerutin effectively improved obesity and related metabolic parameters, and liver injuries in HFD-treated mouse. Furthermore, troxerutin significantly attenuated enhancement of hepatic gluconeogenesis in HFD-fed mouse. Moreover, troxerutin notably suppressed nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 transcriptional activation and release of inflammatory cytokines in HFD-treated mouse livers. Mechanismly, troxerutin dramatically decreased Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) expression, as well as interaction between NOD1/2 with interacting protein-2 (RIP2), by abating oxidative stress-induced ER stress in HFD-treated mouse livers, which was confirmed by TUDCA treatment. These improvement effects of troxerutin on hepatic glucose disorders might be mediated by its anti-obesity effect. In conclusion, troxerutin markedly diminished HFD-induced enhancement of hepatic gluconeogenesis via its inhibitory effects on ER stress-mediated NOD activation and consequent inflammation, which might be mediated by its anti-obesity effect.
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22
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Bhatta A, Sangani R, Kolhe R, Toque HA, Cain M, Wong A, Howie N, Shinde R, Elsalanty M, Yao L, Chutkan N, Hunter M, Caldwell RB, Isales C, Caldwell RW, Fulzele S. Deregulation of arginase induces bone complications in high-fat/high-sucrose diet diabetic mouse model. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 422:211-220. [PMID: 26704078 PMCID: PMC4824063 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A balanced diet is crucial for healthy development and prevention of musculoskeletal related diseases. Diets high in fat content are known to cause obesity, diabetes and a number of other disease states. Our group and others have previously reported that activity of the urea cycle enzyme arginase is involved in diabetes-induced dysregulation of vascular function due to decreases in nitric oxide formation. We hypothesized that diabetes may also elevate arginase activity in bone and bone marrow, which could lead to bone-related complications. To test this we determined the effects of diabetes on expression and activity of arginase, in bone and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). We demonstrated that arginase 1 is abundantly present in the bone and BMSCs. We also demonstrated that arginase activity and expression in bone and bone marrow is up-regulated in models of diabetes induced by HFHS diet and streptozotocin (STZ). HFHS diet down-regulated expression of healthy bone metabolism markers (BMP2, COL-1, ALP, and RUNX2) and reduced bone mineral density, bone volume and trabecular thickness. However, treatment with an arginase inhibitor (ABH) prevented these bone-related complications of diabetes. In-vitro study of BMSCs showed that high glucose treatment increased arginase activity and decreased nitric oxide production. These effects were reversed by treatment with an arginase inhibitor (ABH). Our study provides evidence that deregulation of l-arginine metabolism plays a vital role in HFHS diet-induced diabetic complications and that these complications can be prevented by treatment with arginase inhibitors. The modulation of l-arginine metabolism in disease could offer a novel therapeutic approach for osteoporosis and other musculoskeletal related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Bhatta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Rajnikumar Sangani
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Departments of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Haroldo A Toque
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Michael Cain
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Abby Wong
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Nicole Howie
- School of Dentistry, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Rahul Shinde
- Departments of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mohammed Elsalanty
- School of Dentistry, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Lin Yao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | - Monty Hunter
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Cell Biology and Anatomy and Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Carlos Isales
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - R William Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Zhao L, Guo X, Wang O, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhou F, Liu J, Ji B. Fructose and glucose combined with free fatty acids induce metabolic disorders in HepG2 cell: A new model to study the impacts of high-fructose/sucrose and high-fat diets in vitro. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:909-21. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxuan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ou Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | | | - Yong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Baoping Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
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Mokhtari B, Badalzadeh R, Alihemmati A, Mohammadi M. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β and reduction of apoptosis as targets of troxerutin effect on reperfusion injury of diabetic myocardium. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:316-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Badalzadeh R, Layeghzadeh N, Alihemmati A, Mohammadi M. Beneficial effect of troxerutin on diabetes-induced vascular damages in rat aorta: histopathological alterations and antioxidation mechanism. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2015; 13:e25969. [PMID: 25926856 PMCID: PMC4386231 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.25969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is associated with micro- and macro-vascular complications affecting several organs. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the etiology of vascular disease in diabetes. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of troxerutin on diabetes-induced histopathological damages in rat aorta with focusing on its antioxidative actions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8/each): control, control plus troxerutin, diabetic and diabetic plus troxerutin. Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and lasted for 10 weeks. Troxerutin was administered orally in concentration of 150 mg/kg/daily for one month before killing rats. At the end of treatment period, thoracic aorta was isolated and divided into two parts; one part was immersed in 10% formalin for histopathological evaluations and the other was frozen by liquid nitrogen for assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA, the main product of lipid peroxidation), activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). RESULTS Lipid deposition in tunica intimae and media, thickening and structural deformity of vascular tissues as well as the level of plasma glucose and aortic tissue levels of lipid peroxidation were significantly increased in diabetic rats compared to control ones (P < 0.05). Troxerutin significantly reduced the severity of all vascular histopathological damages in treated versus untreated diabetic rats. In addition, treatment of diabetic rats with troxerutin significantly decreased the levels of MDA (5.1 ± 0.3 vs. 9.3 ± 1.2 nmol/mL) (P < 0.01) and increased the activity of antioxidant enzyme GPX compared to untreated-diabetic groups. CONCLUSIONS Troxerutin may reduce the vascular complications and tissue injuries induced by chronic diabetes in rat aorta through increasing the activity of tissue antioxidant system and reducing the level of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Badalzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Nayeleh Layeghzadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Alireza Alihemmati
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Alireza Alihemmati, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-4133364664, E-mail:
| | - Mustafa Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
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