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Teng Y, Zhang XR, Li XL, Gao J, Ni L, Zhan GQ. Two new sesquiterpenoid glycoside compounds from the calyces of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast. ) Makino. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:795-802. [PMID: 38515328 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2323202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Two new sesquiterpenoid glycosides, 8α (H)-eudesmane-1,3,11 (13)-triene-2-one -12-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and dmetelisproside B (2), together with ten known compounds (3-12) were isolated from calyces of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (PAF). Their structures were unambiguously elucidated through HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, and NMR spectral data. Compounds 1, 10, and 12 exhibited DPPH scavenging ability with IC50 values of 33.69 ± 6.65, 6.29 ± 0.06, and 25.66 ± 3.06 μM, respectively. Additionally, 10 and 12 demonstrated weak α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 values of 250.9 ± 6.60 and 347.6 ± 2.48 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Teng
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | | | - Xiao-Lei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jia Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Lei Ni
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Guan-Qun Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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2
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Ebrahimnezhad M, Valizadeh A, Majidinia M, Tabnak P, Yousefi B. Unveiling the potential of FOXO3 in lung cancer: From molecular insights to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116833. [PMID: 38843589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer poses a significant challenge regarding molecular heterogeneity, as it encompasses a wide range of molecular alterations and cancer-related pathways. Recent discoveries made it feasible to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer, giving rise to the possibility of novel therapeutic strategies relying on molecularly targeted drugs. In this context, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), a member of forkhead transcription factors, has emerged as a crucial protein commonly dysregulated in cancer cells. The regulation of the FOXO3 in reacting to external stimuli plays a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis as a component of the molecular machinery that determines whether cells will survive or dies. Indeed, various extrinsic cues regulate FOXO3, affecting its subcellular location and transcriptional activity. These regulations are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and protein interactions that eventually drive post-transcriptional modification of FOXO3. Nevertheless, while it is no doubt that FOXO3 is implicated in numerous aspects of lung cancer, it is unclear whether they act as tumor suppressors, promotors, or both based on the situation. However, FOXO3 serves as an intriguing possible target in lung cancer therapeutics while widely used anti-cancer chemo drugs can regulate it. In this review, we describe a summary of recent findings on molecular mechanisms of FOXO3 to clarify that targeting its activity might hold promise in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Valizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Liu Y, Wang X, Li C, Yu D, Tian B, Li W, Sun Z. Research progress on the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Physalis alkekengi L. var . franchetii (Mast.) Makino. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20030. [PMID: 38125457 PMCID: PMC10731008 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Physalis Calyx seu Fructus is the dry calyx or the calyx with fruit of the Solanaceae plant Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino, with a long history of use in medicine and food. However, despite its many potential therapeutic and culinary applications, P. alkekengi is not being exploited for these applications on a large scale. This study analysed various research related to the different chemical components of P. alkekengi, including steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, sucrose esters, piperazines, volatile oils, polysaccharides, amino acids, and trace elements. In addition, research related to the pharmacological activities of P. alkekengi, including its anti-inflammatory, anti microbial, antioxidative, hypoglycaemic, analgesic, anti-tumour, and immunomodulatory effects were investigated. Research articles from 1974 to 2023 were obtained from websites such as Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and journal databases such as Scopus and PubMed, with the keywords such as Physalis alkekengi, components, effects, and activities. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the progress of phytochemical and pharmacological research on the phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of P. alkekengi and a reference for the better exploitation of P. alkekengi in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Basic Medical, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chenxue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Dahai Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Bing Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
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4
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Peter RM, Chou PJ, Shannar A, Patel K, Pan Y, Dave PD, Xu J, Sarwar MS, Kong ANT. An Update on Potential Molecular Biomarkers of Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Lung Cancer Interception and Prevention. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2699-2714. [PMID: 37726406 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03595-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Since ancient times, dietary phytochemicals are known for their medicinal properties. They are broadly classified into polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, phytosterols, and organosulfur compounds. Currently, there is considerable interest in their potential health effects against various diseases, including lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths with an average of five-year survival rate of lung cancer patients limited to just 14%. Identifying potential early molecular biomarkers of pre-malignant lung cancer cells may provide a strong basis to develop early cancer detection and interception methods. In this review, we will discuss molecular changes, including genetic alterations, inflammation, signal transduction pathways, redox imbalance, epigenetic and proteomic signatures associated with initiation and progression of lung carcinoma. We will also highlight molecular targets of phytochemicals during lung cancer development. These targets mainly consist of cellular signaling pathways, epigenetic regulators and metabolic reprogramming. With growing interest in natural products research, translation of these compounds into new cancer prevention approaches to medical care will be urgently needed. In this context, we will also discuss the overall pharmacokinetic challenges of phytochemicals in translating to humans. Lastly, we will discuss clinical trials of phytochemicals in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mary Peter
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Pochung Jordan Chou
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ahmad Shannar
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Komal Patel
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yuxin Pan
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Parv Dushyant Dave
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Wang P, Wang XY, Man CF, Gong DD, Fan Y. Advances in hyperbaric oxygen to promote immunotherapy through modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1200619. [PMID: 37790761 PMCID: PMC10543083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1200619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a relatively safe treatment method that has been used for a long time in the clinic. It has been proven that it can enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy for cancer. However, there are few studies on hyperbaric oxygen and immunotherapy. In this article, we summarize that hyperbaric oxygen therapy regulates the tumor microenvironment through various pathways such as improving tumor hypoxia, targeting hypoxia-inducing factors, and generating reactive oxygen species. The change in the tumor microenvironment ultimately affects the curative effect of immunotherapy. Therefore, hyperbaric oxygen can influence immunotherapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment, providing a direction for the future development of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Feng Man
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan-Dan Gong
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Lu R, Xu H, Deng X, Wang Y, He Z, Xu S, Liang S, Huang X, You H, Guo F, Cheng P, Chen AM. Physalin A alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. J Orthop Translat 2023; 39:74-87. [PMID: 36788965 PMCID: PMC9898579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common degenerative disease with inflammation, decreased autophagy, and progression of fibrosis as its possible pathogenesis. Physalin A (PA) is a widely studied anti-inflammatory drug. However, its therapeutic effects on IVDD remain unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of PA in IVDD progression. Materials and methods In vivo, we investigated PA bioactivity using a puncture-induced IVDD rat model. IVDD signals and height changes were detected using X-ray, micro-CT, and MRI, and structural and molecular lesions using histological staining and immunohistochemistry of intervertebral disc sections. In vivo, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and TGF-β1 were employed to establish inflammation fibrotic nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. The PA effect duration, concentration, influence pathways, and pathological changes in IVDD treatment were elucidated using western blotting, real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence. Results PA exerted significant effects on IVDD remission due to anti-inflammation, fibrosis reduction, and autophagy enhancement. In vitro, PA improved inflammation by blocking the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, whereas it promoted autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and affected fibrotic progression by regulating the SMAD2/3 pathway. Moreover, PA improved the disc degeneration process in IVDD model. Conclusions PA exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects and improved autophagy in vivo and in vitro IVDD models, thus effectively relieving IVDD progression, indicating it is a promising agent for IVDD treatment. The translational potential of this article This study successfully reveals that PA, a natural bioactive withanolide, effectively relieved IVDD progression via inflammation inhibition, fibrosis reduction, and autophagy enhancement, indicating it is a promising agent for IVDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaofeng Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yingguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shimeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaojian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - An-min Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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7
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ArulJothi KN, Kumaran K, Senthil S, Nidhu AB, Munaff N, Janitri VB, Kirubakaran R, Singh SK, Gupt G, Dua K, Krishnan A. Implications of reactive oxygen species in lung cancer and exploiting it for therapeutic interventions. Med Oncol 2023; 40:43. [PMID: 36472716 PMCID: PMC9734980 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second (11.4%) most commonly diagnosed cancer and the first (18%) to cause cancer-related deaths worldwide. The incidence of lung cancer varies significantly among men, women, and high and low-middle-income countries. Air pollution, inhalable agents, and tobacco smoking are a few of the critical factors that determine lung cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Reactive oxygen species are known factors of lung carcinogenesis resulting from the xenobiotics and their mechanistic paths are under critical investigation. Reactive oxygen species exhibit dual roles in cells, as a tumorigenic and anti-proliferative factor, depending on spatiotemporal context. During the precancerous state, ROS promotes cancer origination through oxidative stress and base-pair substitution mutations in pro-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. At later stages of tumor progression, they help the cancer cells in invasion, and metastases by activating the NF-kB and MAPK pathways. However, at advanced stages, when ROS exceeds the threshold, it promotes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. ROS activates extrinsic apoptosis through death receptors and intrinsic apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways. Moreover, ROS upregulates the expression of beclin-1 which is a critical component to initiate autophagy, another form of programmed cell death. ROS is additionally involved in an intermediatory step in necroptosis, which catalyzes and accelerates this form of cell death. Various therapeutic interventions have been attempted to exploit this cytotoxic potential of ROS to treat different cancers. Growing body of evidence suggests that ROS is also associated with chemoresistance and cancer cell immunity. Considering the multiple roles of ROS, this review highlights the exploitation of ROS for various therapeutic interventions. However, there are still gaps in the literature on the dual roles of ROS and the involvement of ROS in cancer cell immunity and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. N. ArulJothi
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, 603203 India
| | - K. Kumaran
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, 603203 India
| | - Sowmya Senthil
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, 603203 India
| | - A. B. Nidhu
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, 603203 India
| | - Nashita Munaff
- grid.412742.60000 0004 0635 5080Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, 603203 India
| | - V. B. Janitri
- grid.262613.20000 0001 2323 3518Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Rangasamy Kirubakaran
- grid.444708.b0000 0004 1799 6895Department of Biotechnology, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Salem, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- grid.449005.cSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab India ,grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupt
- grid.448952.60000 0004 1767 7579School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, 302017 India ,grid.412431.10000 0004 0444 045XDepartment of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India ,grid.449906.60000 0004 4659 5193Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007 Australia ,grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Anand Krishnan
- grid.412219.d0000 0001 2284 638XDepartment of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
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8
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A Rapid and Sensitive LC−MS/MS Method for the Quantitation of Physalin A with Special Consideration to Chemical Stability in Rat Plasma: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217272. [PMID: 36364097 PMCID: PMC9656453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalin A is a promising natural product with excellent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. However, the pharmacokinetic profile of physalin A is still unclear. In this study, a rapid and sensitive analytical method based on LC–MS/MS for the quantitation of physalin A in rat plasma with special consideration to its chemical stability was developed and validated. To avoid the degradation of physalin A, the separation of plasma was conducted at 4 °C directly after the blood samples were collected. Meanwhile, plasma samples were immediately precipitated with acetonitrile containing tolbutamide (internal standard, IS) and the pH of the supernatant was adjusted to 1.5 with formic acid. Chromatographic separation of physalin A and IS was achieved on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH-C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) using 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase delivered at 0.3 mL/min in a gradient elution mode. Physalin A and IS were detected through negative ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The MS/MS ion transitions for physalin A and IS were m/z 525.1–148.9 and m/z 269.8–169.9, respectively. The developed method showed good linearity over the range of 2.00–400 ng/mL. This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of physalin A in rats following its intragastric administration and the findings were beneficial for future studies of physalin A.
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Meira CS, Soares JWC, Dos Reis BPZC, Pacheco LV, Santos IP, Silva DKC, de Lacerda JC, Daltro SRT, Guimarães ET, Soares MBP. Therapeutic Applications of Physalins: Powerful Natural Weapons. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864714. [PMID: 35450054 PMCID: PMC9016203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalins, or 16,24-cyclo-13,14-seco steroids, are compounds belonging to the class of withanolides that can be found in plants of Solanaceae family, mainly in species belonging to the genus Physalis spp., which are annual herbaceous plants widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Physalins are versatile molecules that act in several cell signaling pathways and activate different mechanisms of cell death or immunomodulation. A number of studies have shown a variety of actions of these compounds, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and antiviral activities. Here we reviewed the main findings related to the anticancer, immunomodulatory, and antiparasitic activities of physalins and its mechanisms of action, highlighting the \challenges and future directions in the pharmacological application of physalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Costa de Lacerda
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahiana Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
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10
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Kowalczyk T, Merecz-Sadowska A, Rijo P, Mori M, Hatziantoniou S, Górski K, Szemraj J, Piekarski J, Śliwiński T, Bijak M, Sitarek P. Hidden in Plants-A Review of the Anticancer Potential of the Solanaceae Family in In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1455. [PMID: 35326606 PMCID: PMC8946528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many of the anticancer agents that are currently in use demonstrate severe side effects and encounter increasing resistance from the target cancer cells. Thus, despite significant advances in cancer therapy in recent decades, there is still a need to discover and develop new, alternative anticancer agents. The plant kingdom contains a range of phytochemicals that play important roles in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. The Solanaceae family is widely used in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, due to its bioactive ingredient content. The purpose of this literature review is to highlight the antitumour activity of Solanaceae extracts-single isolated compounds and nanoparticles with extracts-and their synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic agents in various in vitro and in vivo cancer models. In addition, the biological properties of many plants of the Solanaceae family have not yet been investigated, which represents a challenge and an opportunity for future anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Computer Science in Economics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS—Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal;
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Sophia Hatziantoniou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Karol Górski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Piekarski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University in Lodz, Nicolaus Copernicus Multidisciplinary Centre for Oncology and Traumatology, 93-513 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michał Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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11
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Oxidative Stress and AKT-Associated Angiogenesis in a Zebrafish Model and Its Potential Application for Withanolides. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060961. [PMID: 35326412 PMCID: PMC8946239 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway are essential regulators in cellular migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. More than 300 withanolides were discovered from the plant family Solanaceae, exhibiting diverse functions. Notably, the relationship between oxidative stress, AKT signaling, and angiogenesis in withanolide treatments lacks comprehensive understanding. Here, we summarize connecting evidence related to oxidative stress, AKT signaling, and angiogenesis in the zebrafish model. A convenient vertebrate model monitored the in vivo effects of developmental and tumor xenograft angiogenesis using zebrafish embryos. The oxidative stress and AKT-signaling-modulating abilities of withanolides were highlighted in cancer treatments, which indicated that further assessments of their angiogenesis-modulating potential are necessary in the future. Moreover, targeting AKT for inhibiting AKT and its AKT signaling shows the potential for anti-migration and anti-angiogenesis purposes for future application to withanolides. This particularly holds for investigating the anti-angiogenetic effects mediated by the oxidative stress and AKT signaling pathways in withanolide-based cancer therapy in the future.
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12
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Yang J, Sun Y, Cao F, Yang B, Kuang H. Natural Products from Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino: A Review on Their Structural Analysis, Quality Control, Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030695. [PMID: 35163960 PMCID: PMC8840080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The calyxes and fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (P. alkekengi), a medicinal and edible plant, are frequently used as heat-clearing and detoxifying agents in thousands of Chinese medicine prescriptions. For thousands of years in China, they have been widely used in clinical practice to treat throat disease, hepatitis, and bacillary dysentery. This systematic review summarizes their structural analysis, quality control, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, the possible development trends and perspectives for future research studies on this medicinal plant are discussed. Relevant information on the calyxes and fruits of P. alkekengi was collected from electronic databases, Chinese herbal classics, and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Moreover, information was collected from ancient documents in China. The components isolated and identified in P. alkekengi include steroids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, nucleosides, terpenoids, megastigmane, aliphatic derivatives, organic acids, coumarins, and sucrose esters. Steroids, particularly physalins and flavonoids, are the major characteristic and bioactive ingredients in P. alkekengi. According to the literature, physalins are synthesized by the mevalonate and 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate pathways, and flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid pathway. Since the chemical components and pharmacological effects of P. alkekengi are complex and varied, there are different standards for the evaluation of its quality and efficacy. In most cases, the analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection. A pharmacological study showed that the crude extracts and isolated compounds from P. alkekengi had extensive in vitro and in vivo biological activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, immunosuppressive, antibacterial, anti-leishmanial, anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative, anti-malarial, anti-Alzheimer's disease, and vasodilatory). Moreover, the relevant anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor mechanisms were elucidated. The reported activities indicate the great pharmacological potential of P. alkekengi. Similarly, studies on the pharmacokinetics of specific compounds will also contribute to the progress of clinical research in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
| | - Feng Cao
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China;
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (B.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0451-82197188
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13
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Assessing the Quality of Calyx of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii Based on Quantitative Analysis of Q-Marker Combined with Chemometrics and Machine Learning Algorithms. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/8502929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (PALF) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is well known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and expectorant properties. Its fruits and fruiting calyxes are used as dietary supplements and traditional herbs in China. However, the quality of calyxes is uneven, and it is prone to getting moldy or moth-eaten during storage. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints and multivariate chemometric methods were combined to evaluate quality, and three representative compounds were chosen as the quality markers (Q-markers). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) provided a clear discrimination of PALF samples. Through further verification by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), backpropagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), machine learning, and combination with the determination of the content, biology, and pharmacology effect judgment, galuteolin, rutin, and physalin O could be used as Q-markers that their contents affect the quality of PALF grade evaluation. A simple method was established to rapidly assess the quality of PALF that is important for its clinical application and storage and provide a reference for evaluating the quality of materials used in Chinese medicine.
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14
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Lu R, Yu X, Liang S, Cheng P, Wang Z, He ZY, Lv ZT, Wan J, Mo H, Zhu WT, Chen AM. Physalin A Inhibits MAPK and NF-κB Signal Transduction Through Integrin αVβ3 and Exerts Chondroprotective Effect. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:761922. [PMID: 34925020 PMCID: PMC8678602 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.761922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common articular ailment presented with cartilage loss and destruction that is common observed in the elderly population. Physalin A (PA), a natural bioactive withanolide, exerts anti-inflammatory residences in more than a few diseases; however, little is known about its efficacy for OA treatment. Here, we explored the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of PA in mouse OA. After the in vitro administration of PA, the expression of inflammation indicators including inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 was low, indicating that PA could alleviate the IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation response. Moreover, PA reduced IL-1β-induced destruction of the extracellular matrix by upregulating the gene expression of anabolism factors, including collagen II, aggrecan, and sry-box transcription factor 9, and downregulating the gene expression of catabolic factors, including thrombospondin motif 5 and matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, the chondroprotective effect of PA was credited to the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that intra-articular injection of PA could alleviate cartilage destruction in a mouse OA model. However, the anti-inflammatory, anabolism enhancing, catabolism inhibiting, and MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway inhibiting properties of PA on IL-1β-induced chondrocytes could be reversed when integrin αVβ3 is knocked down by siRNA. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that PA exhibits a chondroprotective effect that may be mediated by integrin αVβ3. Thus, PA or integrin αVβ3 might be a promising agent or molecular target for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenggang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhi-Yi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junlai Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haokun Mo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Tao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An-Min Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Wu J, Zhao J, Zhang T, Gu Y, Khan IA, Zou Z, Xu Q. Naturally occurring physalins from the genus Physalis: A review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 191:112925. [PMID: 34487922 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Physalins, including physalins and neophysalins, are a class of highly oxygenated ergostane-type steroids. They are commonly known by the name of 16,24-cyclo-13,14-seco steroids, in which the disconnection of C-13 and C-14 produces an eight or nine-membered ring and the carbocyclization of C-16 and C-24 generates a new six-membered ring. Meanwhile, the oxidation of C-18 methyl to carboxyl group forms a 18,20-lactone, and the oxidation of C-14 and C-17 gets a heterocyclic oxygen acrossing rings C and D. Additionly, physalins frequently form an oxygen bridge to connect C-14 to C-27. Physalins are a kind of characteristic constituents from the species of the genus Physalis (Solanaceae), which are reported with a wide array of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, antimicrobial, trypanocidal and leishmanicidal, antinociceptive, antidiabetic and some other activities. Herein,the research progress of physalins from the genus Physalis during the decade from 1970 to 2021 on phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and application in China are systematically presented and discussed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Berkshire, RE42 6EY, UK
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Qiongming Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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16
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Ko YC, Choi HS, Liu R, Lee DS. Physalin A, 13,14-Seco-16, 24-Cyclo-Steroid, Inhibits Stemness of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway and Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168718. [PMID: 34445421 PMCID: PMC8395918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and adult organ homeostasis. Aberrant activity of the Hedgehog signaling pathway induces many developmental disorders and cancers. Recent studies have investigated the relationship of this pathway with various cancers. GPCR-like protein Smoothened (SMO) and the glioma-associated oncogene (GLI1) are the main effectors of Hedgehog signaling. Physalin A, a bioactive substance derived from Physalis alkekengi, inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and mammospheres formation. Physalin A-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition of mammospheres, and reduced transcripts of cancer stem cell (CSC) marker genes. Physalin A reduced protein expressions of SMO and GLI1/2. Down-regulation of SMO and GLI1 using siRNA inhibited mammosphere formation. Physalin A reduced mammosphere formation by reducing GLI1 gene expression. Down-regulation of GLI1 reduced CSC marker genes. Physalin A reduced protein level of YAP1. Down-regulation of YAP1 using siRNA inhibited mammosphere formation. Physalin A reduced mammosphere formation through reduction of YAP1 gene expression. Down-regulation of YAP1 reduced CSC marker genes. We showed that treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with GLI1 siRNA induced inhibition of mammosphere formation and down-regulation of YAP1, a Hippo pathway effector. These results show that Hippo signaling is regulated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Physalin A also inhibits the canonical Hedgehog and Hippo signaling pathways, CSC-specific genes, and the formation of mammospheres. These findings suggest that physalin A is a potential therapeutic agent for targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chan Ko
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Hack Sun Choi
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Ren Liu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (Y.-C.K.); (R.L.)
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Bio-Health Materials Core-Facility Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence:
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17
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Huang R, Chen H, Liang J, Li Y, Yang J, Luo C, Tang Y, Ding Y, Liu X, Yuan Q, Yu H, Ye Y, Xu W, Xie X. Dual Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and their Application in Cancer Therapy. J Cancer 2021; 12:5543-5561. [PMID: 34405016 PMCID: PMC8364652 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in the initiation, development, suppression, and treatment of cancer. Excess ROS can induce nuclear DNA, leading to cancer initiation. Not only that, but ROS also inhibit T cells and natural killer cells and promote the recruitment and M2 polarization of macrophages; consequently, cancer cells escape immune surveillance and immune defense. Furthermore, ROS promote tumor invasion and metastasis by triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells. Interestingly, massive accumulation of ROS inhibits tumor growth in two ways: (1) by blocking cancer cell proliferation by suppressing the proliferation signaling pathway, cell cycle, and the biosynthesis of nucleotides and ATP and (2) by inducing cancer cell death via activating endoplasmic reticulum stress-, mitochondrial-, and P53- apoptotic pathways and the ferroptosis pathway. Unfortunately, cancer cells can adapt to ROS via a self-adaption system. This review highlighted the bidirectional regulation of ROS in cancer. The study further discussed the application of massively accumulated ROS in cancer treatment. Of note, the dual role of ROS in cancer and the self-adaptive ability of cancer cells should be taken into consideration for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiang Xie
- Public Center of Experimental Technology, The school of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
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18
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Xiang D, Zou J, Zhu X, Chen X, Luo J, Kong L, Zhang H. Physalin D attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by blocking TGF-β/Smad and YAP signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 78:153294. [PMID: 32771890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis is considered integral to the progression of chronic liver diseases, as it leads to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the dominant event in hepatic fibrogenesis. The transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathways play a pivotal role in HSC activation, hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis progression. Therefore, targeting the TGF-β/Smad and YAP signaling pathways is a promising strategy for antifibrotic therapy. PURPOSE The present study investigated the protective effects of Physalin D (PD), a withanolide isolated from Physalis species (Solanaceae), against liver fibrosis and further elucidated the mechanisms involved in vitro and in vivo. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS We conducted a series of experiments using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced fibrotic mice and cultured LX-2 cells. Serum markers of liver injury, and the morphology, histology and fibrosis of liver tissue were investigated. Western blot assays and quantitative real-time PCR were used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the antifibrotic effects of PD. RESULT PD decreased TGF-β1-induced COL1A1 promoter activity. PD inhibited TGF-β1-induced expression of Collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in human hepatic stellate LX-2 cells. PD significantly ameliorated hepatic injury, including transaminase activities, histology, collagen deposition and α-SMA, in CCl4- or BDL-induced mice. Moreover, PD markedly decreased the expression of phosphorylated Smad2/3 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, PD significantly decreased YAP protein levels, and YAP knockdown did not further enhance the effects of PD, namely α-SMA inhibition, Collagen I expression and YAP target gene expression in LX-2 cells. CONCLUSION These results clearly show that PD ameliorated experimental liver fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad and YAP signaling pathways, indicating that PD has the potential to effectively treat liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejuan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianguang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Physalin B induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells by altering mitochondrial function. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:128-137. [PMID: 30335624 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Physalin B (PB) is one of the major constituents of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii, a well-known Chinese traditional herb. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that PB exhibits significant antiproliferative and apoptotic activity in A549 human lung cancer cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analyses indicated that PB-induced G2/M arrest through down-regulation of cyclin B1 and cell division control protein cyclin-dependent kinase 1, and up-regulation of p21. The reduction in the level of cyclin B1/cyclin-dependent kinase 1 complex down-regulated oxidative phosphorylation multisubunit activity to reduce mitochondrial energetic homeostasis. Moreover, defects in mitochondrial ATP synthesis and mitochondrial membrane potential were found in PB-treated cell lines. These abnormalities led to an increase in intracellular superoxide and apoptosis. Thus, as an inhibitor of mitochondrial energetic homeostasis, PB demonstrates potent antitumor activities and may be developed as an alternative therapeutic agent against non-small-cell lung cancer.
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20
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Physalin A attenuates inflammation through down-regulating c-Jun NH2 kinase phosphorylation/Activator Protein 1 activation and up-regulating the antioxidant activity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 402:115115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Zhan X, Luo X, He J, Zhang C, Liao X, Xu X, Feng S, Yu C, Jiang Z, Meng Y, Shen C, Wang H, Lu J. Bioactive compounds induced in Physalis angulata L. by methyl-jasmonate: an investigation of compound accumulation patterns and biosynthesis-related candidate genes. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:341-354. [PMID: 32227258 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-00996-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We employed both metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches to explore the accumulation patterns of physalins, flavonoids and chlorogenic acid in Physalis angulata and revealed the genes associated with the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds under methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Physalis angulata L. is an annual Solanaceae plant with a number of medicinally active compounds. Despite the potential pharmacological benefits of P. angulata, the scarce genomic information regarding this plant has limited the studies on the mechanisms of bioactive compound biosynthesis. To facilitate the basic understanding of the main chemical constituent biosynthesis pathways, we performed both metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches to reveal the genes associated with the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds under methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Untargeted metabolome analysis showed that most physalins, flavonoids and chlorogenic acid were significantly upregulated. Targeted HPLC-MS/MS analysis confirmed variations in the contents of two important representative steroid derivatives (physalins B and G), total flavonoids, neochlorogenic acid, and chlorogenic acid between MeJA-treated plants and controls. Transcript levels of a few steroid biosynthesis-, flavonoid biosynthesis-, and chlorogenic acid biosynthesis-related genes were upregulated, providing a potential explanation for MeJA-induced active ingredient synthesis in P. angulata. Systematic correlation analysis identified a number of novel candidate genes associated with bioactive compound biosynthesis. These results may help to elucidate the regulatory mechanism underlying MeJA-induced active compound accumulation and provide several valuable candidate genes for further functional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaori Zhan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xiujun Luo
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Jinyu He
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Chengchao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xinyue Liao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xinyun Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Chunna Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Zhifang Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yijun Meng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
| | - Jiangjie Lu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic withanolides from the calyx of Physalis alkekengi L. var franchetii. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103614. [PMID: 32007725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation into the calyx of Physalis alkekengi L. var franchetii (Mast) Makino resulted in the isolation of ten cytotoxic withanolides, including five new withanolides, 1-5. Compounds 2-4 were obtained as epimeric withaphysalins. The new structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The withanolides were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the A549 and K562 cell lines. Compounds 1 and 8 exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against both cell lines with IC50 values of 1.9-4.3 μM and induced typical apoptosis as evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. Further studies indicated that 1 and 8 displayed antitumour effects by suppressing the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signalling pathway.
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Ma Y, Wang R, Lu H, Li X, Zhang G, Fu F, Cao L, Zhan S, Wang Z, Deng Z, Shi T, Zhang X, Chen W. B7-H3 promotes the cell cycle-mediated chemoresistance of colorectal cancer cells by regulating CDC25A. J Cancer 2020; 11:2158-2170. [PMID: 32127943 PMCID: PMC7052923 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, and chemoresistance is one of the key obstacles in the clinical outcome. Here, we studied the function of B7-H3 in regulating cell cycle-mediated chemoresistance in CRC. The ability of B7-H3 in regulating chemoresistance was investigated via cell viability, clonogenicity, apoptosis and cycle analysis in vitro. Moreover, the role of B7-H3/CDC25A axis in regulating chemoresistance in vivo in the xenograft tumor models by intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) and CDC25A inhibitors. The correlation between B7-H3 and CDC25A was examined in the CRC patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and pathological analyses. We found that B7-H3 could effectively enhance the resistance to a chemotherapeutic drug (oxaliplatin or 5-fluorouracil) via CDC25A. B7-H3 regulated the expression of CDC25A by the STAT3 signaling pathway in CRC cells. Furthermore, overexpression of B7-H3 enhanced chemoresistance by reducing the G2/M phase arrest in a CDC25A-dependent manner. Silencing CDC25A or treatment with CDC25A inhibitor could reverse the B7-H3-induced chemoresistance of cancer cells. Moreover, both B7-H3 and CDC25A were significantly upregulated in CRC samples compared with normal adjacent tissues and that the levels correlated with tumor stage. CDC25A was positively correlated with B7-H3 expression in this cohort. Taken together, our findings provide an alternative mechanism by which CRC cells can acquire chemoresistance via the B7-H3/CDC25A axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruoqin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Fengqing Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Shenghua Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongbin Deng
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Tongguo Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Weichang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology & Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, China
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Piperlongumine Induces Cell Cycle Arrest via Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and IKKβ Suppression in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110553. [PMID: 31739520 PMCID: PMC6912225 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), a natural product derived from long pepper (Piper longum L.), is known to exhibit anticancer effects. However, the effect of PL on cell cycle-regulatory proteins in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells is unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether PL can modulate the growth of ER-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. We found that PL decreased MCF-7 cell proliferation and migration. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that PL induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Moreover, PL significantly modulated the mRNA levels of cyclins B1 and D1, cyclin-dependent kinases 1, 4, and 6, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. PL induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide) accumulation and glutathione depletion. PL-mediated inhibition of IKKβ expression decreased nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Furthermore, PL significantly increased p21 mRNA levels. In conclusion, our data suggest that PL exerts anticancer effects in ER-positive breast cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration via ROS accumulation and IKKβ suppression.
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25
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An W, Lai H, Zhang Y, Liu M, Lin X, Cao S. Apoptotic Pathway as the Therapeutic Target for Anticancer Traditional Chinese Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:758. [PMID: 31354479 PMCID: PMC6639427 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death and it plays a vital role in human development and tissue homeostasis. Mounting evidence indicates that apoptosis is closely related to the survival of cancer and it has emerged as a key target for the discovery and development of novel anticancer drugs. Various studies indicate that targeting the apoptotic signaling pathway by anticancer drugs is an important mechanism in cancer therapy. Therefore, numerous novel anticancer agents have been discovered and developed from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway of cancer cells and shown clinically beneficial effects in cancer therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion for the role, pharmacology, related biology, and possible mechanism(s) of a number of important anticancer TCMs and their derivatives mainly targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway. It may have important clinical implications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Honglin Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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26
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Shin JM, Lee KM, Lee HJ, Yun JH, Nho CW. Physalin A regulates the Nrf2 pathway through ERK and p38 for induction of detoxifying enzymes. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:101. [PMID: 31072358 PMCID: PMC6507134 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Physalin A isolated from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii has been known to have many pharmacological properties. However, its effect through the Nrf2 pathway has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we determined the effects of physalin A on cancer chemoprevention via the Nrf2 pathway. Methods Experiments were performed in Hepa-1c1c7 and HepG2 cells. The quinone reductase (QR) activity assay was used to assess the activity of physalin A and other compounds isolated from P. alkekengi. The antioxidant response element (ARE) reporter assay was used to determine physalin A induced transcription of Nrf2 target genes, whereas the oligonucleotide pull-down assay was used to investigate Nrf2 binding to the AREs post physalin A treatment. Real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to determine the expression of Nrf2 target genes. Immunocytochemistry was used to determine Nrf2 localization after treatment with physalin A. Kinase inhibitors were used to test the involvement of Nrf2-targeting kinases and the role of ERK and p38 phosphorylation was confirmed using western blotting. Results Physalin A significantly induced QR activity. As an upstream effector of QR, Nrf2 induced genes containing the ARE, which encode various antioxidants and detoxification enzymes. We observed that physalin A increased the expression of Nrf2 and its target genes in HepG2 cells. Moreover, we observed that physalin A-induced Nrf2 activation was regulated by ERK and p38 kinase in HepG2 cells. Conclusions Taken together, we showed that physalin A increased detoxifying enzyme expression via activation of Nrf2 and its target genes. These results imply that physalin A could be a potential chemopreventive agent for liver diseases, as well as cancer.
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27
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Zhou L, Yao GD, Lu LW, Song XY, Lin B, Wang XB, Huang XX, Song SJ. Neolignans from Red Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.) Exhibit Enantioselective Neuroprotective Effects against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Injury in SH-SY5Y Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11390-11397. [PMID: 30346163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Red raspberry has been well-known for its nutritional purpose. Although this fruit has been reported for its potent antioxidant activity and health-promoting properties, systematic studies responsible for the bioactive constituents were still insufficient. In the current study, three pairs of dihydrobenzofuran-type enantiomeric neolignans (1a/1b-3a/3b), including two new compounds (1b and 2a), were isolated from the fruit of Rubus idaeus. The structures of these enantiomers were determined through spectroscopic methods and quantum mechanical calculations. Biologically, enantiomers 2a and 2b exhibited significant enantioselective protective effects against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity at 50 μM (2a, 86.72 ± 1.17%; 2b, 69.70 ± 1.59%). The underlying mechanism study demonstrated that enantiomer 2a is able to attenuate H2O2-induced apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells. Overall, these findings provide a valuable foundation for the understanding of neuroprotective activities of red raspberry and further investigation on its potential application values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital , Dalian , Liaoning 116021 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital , Dalian , Liaoning 116021 , People's Republic of China
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28
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Ding N, Wang Y, Dou C, Liu F, Guan G, Wei K, Yang J, Yang M, Tan J, Zeng W, Zhu C. Physalin D regulates macrophage M1/M2 polarization via the STAT1/6 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8788-8796. [PMID: 30317606 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo effects of physalin D on macrophage M1/M2 polarization were investigated. In silico analysis was first performed for biological function prediction of different physalins. The results suggest physalins have similar predicted biological functions due to their similarities in chemical structures. The cytotoxicity of physalins was then analyzed based on cell apoptosis rate and cell viability evaluation. Physalin D was chosen for further study due to its minimal cytotoxicity. Bone marrow macrophages were isolated and induced with lipopolysaccharide/interferon (IFN)-γ for M1 polarization and interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 for M2 polarization. The results showed that physalin D can repolarize M1 phenotype cells toward M2 phenotype. In addition, physalin D is protective in M2 macrophages to maintain the M2 phenotype in the presence of IFN-γ. On the molecular level, we found that physalin D suppressed the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)1 activation and blocked STAT1 nuclear translocation. Conversely, physalin D can also activate STAT6 and enhance STAT6 nuclear translocation for M2 polarization. Taken together, these results suggested that physalin D regulates macrophage M1/M2 polarization via the STAT1/6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ce Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feila Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ge Guan
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keyu Wei
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingcan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ju Tan
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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29
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Wei W, Ji S. Cellular senescence: Molecular mechanisms and pathogenicity. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9121-9135. [PMID: 30078211 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the arrest of normal cell division. Oncogenic genes and oxidative stress, which cause genomic DNA damage and generation of reactive oxygen species, lead to cellular senescence. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype is a distinct feature of senescence. Senescence is normally involved in the embryonic development. Senescent cells can communicate with immune cells to invoke an immune response. Senescence emerges during the aging process in several tissues and organs. In fact, increasing evidence shows that cellular senescence is implicated in aging-related diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity and diabetes, pulmonary hypertension, and tumorigenesis. Cellular senescence can also be induced by microbial infection. During cellular senescence, several signaling pathways, including those of p53, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin, and transforming growth factor-beta, play important roles. Accumulation of senescent cells can trigger chronic inflammation, which may contribute to the pathological changes in the elderly. Given the variety of deleterious effects caused by cellular senescence in humans, strategies have been proposed to control senescence. In this review, we will focus on recent studies to provide a brief introduction to cellular senescence, including associated signaling pathways and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Wei
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Basic Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.,Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Basic Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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30
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Ning D, Jin M, Xv T, Sun J, Li M. Homoisoflavanone-1 isolated from Polygonatum odoratum arrests the cell cycle and induces apoptosis in A549 cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3545-3554. [PMID: 30127960 PMCID: PMC6096101 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Homoisoflavanone-1 is a natural compound that may be extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Polygonatum odoratum, which has pronounced antioxidant activities. The present study reports that homoisoflavanone-1 significantly inhibited tumor cell growth and induced apoptosis in A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in a dose-dependent manner. Homoisoflavanone-1 arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M stage, which was associated with an increase in the accumulation of phosphorylated (p-)p38, p38, p53, and p-cyclin dependent kinase (Cdc)2 proteins, as well as a decrease in Cdc2 expression. In addition, treatment with homoisoflavanone-1 increased the levels of active caspase-3 and decreased Poly ADP-ribose polymerase, which was accompanied by a reduction in the B-cell lymphoma-2/Bak ratio and consequently, apoptosis. Furthermore, homoisoflavanone-1 increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins, including PERK, ATF4 and GADD34 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, homoisoflavanone-1 induced apoptosis in A549 cells by regulating the mitochondria-caspase-dependent and ER stress pathways and resulted in G2/M arrest by activating the p38/p53 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that homoisoflavanone-1 extracted from Polygonatum odoratum may function as a cancer-suppressing agent and has potential as a novel therapeutic method against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deli Ning
- Department of Pharmacy, The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xv
- Department of Pharmacy, The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Jikai Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
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31
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Yao GD, Sun Q, Song XY, Huang XX, Song SJ. Flavan enantiomers from Daphne giraldii selectively induce apoptotic cell death in p53-null hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sinularin Selectively Kills Breast Cancer Cells Showing G2/M Arrest, Apoptosis, and Oxidative DNA Damage. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040849. [PMID: 29642488 PMCID: PMC6017762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural compound sinularin, isolated from marine soft corals, is antiproliferative against several cancers, but its possible selective killing effect has rarely been investigated. This study investigates the selective killing potential and mechanisms of sinularin-treated breast cancer cells. In 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H- tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) assay, sinularin dose-responsively decreased the cell viability of two breast cancer (SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231) cells, but showed less effect on breast normal (M10) cells after a 24 h treatment. According to 7-aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) flow cytometry, sinularin dose-responsively induced the G2/M cycle arrest of SKBR3 cells. Sinularin dose-responsively induced apoptosis on SKBR3 cells in terms of a flow cytometry-based annexin V/7AAD assay and pancaspase activity, as well as Western blotting for cleaved forms of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), caspases 3, 8, and 9. These caspases and PARP activations were suppressed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment. Moreover, sinularin dose-responsively induced oxidative stress and DNA damage according to flow cytometry analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MitoMP), mitochondrial superoxide, and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG)). In conclusion, sinularin induces selective killing, G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage of breast cancer cells.
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#2714, a novel active inhibitor with potent G2/M phase arrest and antitumor efficacy in preclinical models. Cell Death Discov 2018. [PMID: 29531821 PMCID: PMC5841443 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arresting cell cycle has been one of the most common approaches worldwide in cancer therapy. Specifically, arresting cells in the G2/M phase is a promising therapeutic approach in the battle against lung cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated the anticancer activities and possible mechanism of compound #2714, which can prompt G2/M phase arrest followed by cell apoptosis induction in Lewis lung carcinoma LL/2 cells. In vitro, #2714 significantly inhibited LL/2 cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner while exhibiting few toxicities on non-cancer cells. The mechanism study showed that cell proliferation inhibition due to the treatment with #2714 correlated with G2/M phase arrest and was followed by LL/2 cell apoptosis. The characterized changes were associated with the downregulation of phosphorylated cell division cycle 25C (Cdc25C) and upregulation of p53. Apoptosis-associated activation of cleaved caspase-3 was also detected. Moreover, #2714 strongly attenuated LL/2 cell proliferation by disrupting the phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of #2714 (25–100 mg/kg/day) to mice bearing established tumors in xenograft models significantly prevented LL/2 tumor growth (58.1%) without detectable toxicity. Compound #2714 significantly increased apoptosis in LL/2 lung cancer cells in mice models, as observed via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the data from an immunohistochemical analysis showed that #2714 remarkably inhibited the proliferation and angiogenesis of lung cancer in vivo. Taken together, our data suggest that #2714 has a high potential anti-lung cancer efficacy with a pathway-specific mechanism of G2/M phase arrest and subsequent apoptosis induction both in vitro and in vivo; its potential to be an anticancer candidate warrants further investigation.
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Li AL, Chen BJ, Li GH, Zhou MX, Li YR, Ren DM, Lou HX, Wang XN, Shen T. Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino: An ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:260-274. [PMID: 28838654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The calyxes and fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (Physalis Calyx seu Fructus), have been widely used in traditional and indigenous Chinese medicines for the therapy of cough, excessive phlegm, pharyngitis, sore throat, dysuria, pemphigus, eczema, and jaundice with a long history. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review aims to achieve a comprehensive and up-to-date investigation in ethnomedical uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of P. alkekengi var. franchetii, particularly its calyxes and fruits. Through analysis of these findings, evidences supporting their applications in ethnomedicines are illustrated. Possible perspectives and opportunities for the future research are analyzed to highlight the gaps in our knowledge that deserves further investigation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Information on P. alkekengi var. franchetii was collected via electronic search of major scientific databases (e.g. Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Elsevier, SpringerLink, Wiley online and China Knowledge Resource Integrated) for publications on this medicinal plant. Information was also obtained from local classic herbal literature on ethnopharmacology. RESULTS About 124 chemical ingredients have been characterized from different parts of this plant. Steroids (particularly physalins) and flavonoids are the major characteristic and bioactive constituents. The crude extracts and the isolated compounds have demonstrated various in vitro and in vivo pharmacological functions, such as anti-inflammation, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, antimicrobial activity, diuretic effect, anti-diabetes, anti-asthma, immunomodulation, and anti-oxidation. CONCLUSIONS P. alkekengi var. franchetii is an important medicinal plant for the ethnomedical therapy of microbial infection, inflammation, and respiratory diseases (e.g. cough, excessive phlegm, pharyngitis). Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of this plant definitely increased in the past half century. The chemical profiles, including ingredients and structures, have been adequately verified. Modern pharmacological studies supported its uses in the traditional and folk medicines, however, the molecular mechanisms of purified compounds remained unclear and were worth of further exploration. Therefore, the researchers should be paid more attention to a better utilization of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Bang-Jiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, PR China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yan-Ru Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
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Zhou L, Yao GD, Song XY, Wang J, Lin B, Wang XB, Huang XX, Song SJ. Neuroprotective Effects of 1,2-Diarylpropane Type Phenylpropanoid Enantiomers from Red Raspberry against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:331-338. [PMID: 29215880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is an edible fruit-producing species belonging to the Rosaceae family. In our search for the health-promoting constituents from this fruit, four pairs of enantiomeric phenylpropanoids (1a/1b-4a/4b), including three new compounds (1a and 2a/2b), were isolated from red raspberry. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of the extensive NMR spectroscopic data analyses, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and comparison between the experimental measurements of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and calculated ECD spectra by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In addition, their neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were investigated, and the results showed enantioselectivity, in which that 3a exhibited noticeable neuroprotective activity, while its enatiomer 3b exhibited no obvious protective effect. Further study demonstrated that 3a could selectively inhibit the apoptosis induction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by enhancing the activity of catalase (CAT) in H2O2-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. These findings shed much light on a better understanding of the neuroprotective effects of these enantiomers and provide new insights into developing better treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital, Dalian 116021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital, Dalian 116021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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36
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Ji L, Zhong B, Jiang X, Mao F, Liu G, Song B, Wang CY, Jiao Y, Wang JP, Xu ZB, Li X, Zhan B. Actein induces autophagy and apoptosis in human bladder cancer by potentiating ROS/JNK and inhibiting AKT pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112498-112515. [PMID: 29348843 PMCID: PMC5762528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bladder cancer is a common genitourinary malignant cancer worldwide. However, new therapeutic strategies are required to overcome its stagnated survival rate. Triterpene glycoside Actein (ACT), extracted from the herb black cohosh, suppresses the growth of human breast cancer cells. Our study attempted to explore the role of ACT in human bladder cancer cell growth and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that ACT significantly impeded the bladder cancer cell proliferation via induction of G2/M cycle arrest. Additionally, ACT administration triggered autophagy and apoptosis in bladder cancer cells, proved by the autophagosome formation, LC3B-II accumulation, improved cleavage of Caspases/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Furthermore, reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) could markedly reverse ACT-induced autophagy and apoptosis. In contrast, AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were greatly de-phosphorylated by ACT, while suppressing AKT and mTOR activity could enhance the effects of ACT on apoptosis and autophagy induction. In vivo, ACT reduced the tumor growth with little toxicity. Taken together, our findings indicated that ACT suppressed cell proliferation, induced autophagy and apoptosis through promoting ROS/JNK activation, and blunting AKT pathway in human bladder cancer, which indicated that ACT might be an effective candidate against human bladder cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ji
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Bin Song
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Wang
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Jiao
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Wang
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Xu
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing Li
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Zhan
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
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Feng X, Huo X, Liu H, Chai L, Ding L, Qiu F. Identification of absorbed constituents and in vivo
metabolites in rats after oral administration of Physalis alkekengi
var. franchetii
by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Xiaoguang Huo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Liwei Chai
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
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38
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Chang YT, Wu CY, Tang JY, Huang CY, Liaw CC, Wu SH, Sheu JH, Chang HW. Sinularin induces oxidative stress-mediated G2/M arrest and apoptosis in oral cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2124-2132. [PMID: 28548367 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft corals-derived natural product, sinularin, was antiproliferative against some cancers but its effect and detailed mechanism on oral cancer cells remain unclear. The subject of this study is to examine the antioral cancer effects and underlying detailed mechanisms in terms of cell viability, oxidative stress, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis analyses. In MTS assay, sinularin dose-responsively decreased cell viability of three oral cancer cells (Ca9-22, HSC-3, and CAL 27) but only little damage to oral normal cells (HGF-1). This cell killing effect was rescued by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment. Abnormal cell morphology and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found in sinularin-treated oral cancer Ca9-22 cells, however, NAC pretreatment also recovered these changes. Sinularin arrested the Ca9-22 cells at G2/M phase and dysregulated the G2/M regulatory proteins such as cdc2 and cyclin B1. Sinularin dose-responsively induced apoptosis on Ca9-22 cells in terms of flow cytometry (annexin V and pancaspase analyses) and western blotting (caspases 3, 8, 9) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). These apoptotic changes of sinularin-treated Ca9-22 cells were rescued by NAC pretreatment. Taken together, sinularin induces oxidative stress-mediated antiproliferation, G2/M arrest, and apoptosis against oral cancer cells and may be a potential marine drug for antioral cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ting Chang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80145, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yao Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11524, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Frontier Center for Ocean Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Research Resources and Development of Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Research Center for Natural Products and Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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39
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Yu P, Zhang C, Gao CY, Ma T, Zhang H, Zhou MM, Yang YW, Yang L, Kong LY. Anti-proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cells with physagulide P: ROS/JNK signaling pathway induces apoptosis and autophagic cell death. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64032-64049. [PMID: 28969050 PMCID: PMC5609982 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Physagulide P (PP), a new natural compound, was isolated from Physalis angulate L. in our laboratory. In this study, we demonstrated that PP potently suppressed cell proliferation by inducing G2/M phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Moreover, PP provoked apoptosis by decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential and elevating the Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio. The caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK partly restore cell viability, suggesting that apoptosis plays as an important role in the anti-proliferative effect of PP. PP-treated cells also underwent autophagy, as evidenced by the formation of autophagosomes and the accumulation of LC3BII. Furthermore, the knockdown of LC3B reduced PP-induced cytotoxicity, indicating that autophagy played an anticancer effect. PP also induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resulted in c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) activation. Accordingly, JNK siRNA significantly attenuated PP-triggered apoptosis and autophagy, and ROS scavengers almost completely reverse this apoptosis and autophagy. The ROS scavenger also blocked PP-induced G2/M phase arrest and the phosphorylation of JNK. Our results revealed that PP induced G2/M phase arrest, apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS/JNK signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Therefore, PP is a promising candidate for the development of antitumor drugs for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cai-Yun Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Miao-Miao Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan-Wei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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40
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Li X, Jiang Z, Feng J, Zhang X, Wu J, Chen W. 2-Acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanylcarbonylamino) phenyl carbamoylsulfanyl] propionic acid, a glutathione reductase inhibitor, induces G 2/M cell cycle arrest through generation of thiol oxidative stress in human esophageal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61846-61860. [PMID: 28977909 PMCID: PMC5617469 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly malignant cancer with poor response to both of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 2-Acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanylcarbonylamino) phenyl carbamoylsulfanyl] propionic acid (2-AAPA), an irreversible inhibitor of glutathione reductase (GR), is able to induce intracellular oxidative stress, and has shown anticancer activity in many cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2-AAPA on the cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis and aimed to explore its mechanism of action in human esophageal cancer TE-13 cells. It was found that 2-AAPA inhibited growth of ESCC cells in a dose-dependent manner and it did not deplete reduced glutathione (GSH), but significantly increased the oxidized form glutathione (GSSG), resulting in decreased GSH/GSSG ratio. In consequence, significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was observed. The flow cytometric analysis revealed that 2-AAPA inhibited growth of esophageal cancer cells through arresting cell cycle in G2/M phase, but apoptosis-independent mechanism. The G2/M arrest was partially contributed by down-regulation of protein expression of Cdc-25c and up-regulation of phosphorylated Cdc-2 (Tyr15), Cyclin B1 (Ser147) and p53. Meanwhile, 2-AAPA-induced thiol oxidative stress led to increased protein S-glutathionylation, which resulted in α-tubulin S-glutathionylation-dependent depolymerization of microtubule in the TE-13 cells. In conclusion, we identified that 2-AAPA as an effective thiol oxidative stress inducer and proliferation of TE-13 cells were suppressed by G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, mainly, through α-tubulin S-glutathionylation-mediated microtubule depolymerization. Our results may introduce new target and approach for esophageal cancer therapy through generation of GR-mediated thiol oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology (Lung and Esophagus), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhiming Jiang
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology (Lung and Esophagus), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | | | - Junzhou Wu
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology (Lung and Esophagus), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
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41
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Ryu S, Lim W, Bazer FW, Song G. Chrysin induces death of prostate cancer cells by inducing ROS and ER stress. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3786-3797. [PMID: 28213961 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chrysin is a natural flavone found in numerous plant extracts, honey, and propolis that has multiple biological activities including anti-cancer effects. Understanding of biological mechanisms mediated in response to chrysin in cancerous cells may provide novel insight into chemotherapeutic approaches with reduced side effects in cancers. In the present study, we investigated functional roles of chrysin in progression of prostate cancer cells using DU145 and PC-3 cell lines. The results showed that chrysin induced apoptosis of cells evidenced by DNA fragmentation and increasing the population of both DU145 and PC-3 cells in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, chrysin reduced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the prostate cancer cell lines compared to untreated prostate cancer cells. Moreover, chrysin induced loss of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), while increasing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Also, it induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) proteins including PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) in DU145 and PC-3 cells. The chrysin-mediated intracellular signaling pathways suppressed phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and the abundance of AKT, P70S6K, S6, and P90RSK proteins, but stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and activation of ERK1/2 and P38 proteins in the prostate cancer cells. Collectively, these results indicate that chrysin initiates cell death through induction of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and ER stress, and regulation of signaling pathways responsible for proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Ryu
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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42
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Guo Y, Liu H, Ding L, Oppong M, Pan G, Qiu F. LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of flavonoids and physalins in rat plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Physalis alkekengi
var. franchetii
(Chinese lantern) extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Guo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Mahmood Oppong
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 China
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43
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Feng X, Liu H, Chai L, Ding L, Pan G, Qiu F. Metabolic profiles of physalin A in rats using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1046:102-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Xu J, Wu Y, Lu G, Xie S, Ma Z, Chen Z, Shen HM, Xia D. Importance of ROS-mediated autophagy in determining apoptotic cell death induced by physapubescin B. Redox Biol 2017; 12:198-207. [PMID: 28258023 PMCID: PMC5333534 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Physapubescin B, a steroidal compound extracted from the plant Physalis pubescens L. (Solanaceae), has been reported to possess anti-cancer potential, whereas the molecular mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we first demonstrated that physapubescin B induced autophagy in human cancer cells based on the evidence that physapubescin B increased lipidation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) as well as number of GFP-LC3 puncta. We further examined the molecular mechanisms and found that physapubescin B enhanced the autophagic flux through promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated suppression of mammalian target of rapamycin complex I (mTORC1), the key negative regulator of autophagy. Additionally, excessive ROS caused by physapubescin B also induced p53-dependent apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, we provided evidence that inhibition of autophagy either by a chemical inhibitor or gene silencing promoted physapubescin B-induced apoptotic cell death, indicating that autophagy serves as a cell survival mechanism to protect cell death. Thus, our data provide a clue that inhibition of autophagy would serve as a novel strategy for enhancing the anti-cancer potential of physapubescin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Guang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shujun Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 54 You-Dian Road, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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45
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Sun Q, Li FF, Wang D, Wu J, Yao GD, Li X, Li LZ, Liu QB, Huang XX, Song SJ. Flavans with cytotoxic activity from the stem and root bark of Daphne giraldii. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08537g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen new flavan compounds named daphnegiravans A–M (1–13) and eight known analogues (14–21) were isolated from the stem and root bark of Daphne giraldii. Further cytotoxicity investigation was conducted on 3 and 9–12.
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