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Xu S, Cao B, Xuan G, Xu S, An Z, Zhu C, Li L, Tang C. Function and regulation of Rab GTPases in cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:28. [PMID: 38695990 PMCID: PMC11065922 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The Rab small GTPases are characterized by the distinct intracellular localization and modulate various endocytic, transcytic and exocytic transport pathways. Rab proteins function as scaffolds that connect signaling pathways and intracellular membrane trafficking processes through the recruitment of effectors, such as tethering factors, phosphatases, motors and kinases. In different cancers, Rabs play as either an onco-protein or a tumor suppressor role, highly dependending on the context. The molecular mechanistic research has revealed that Rab proteins are involved in cancer progression through influences on migration, invasion, metabolism, exosome secretion, autophagy, and drug resistance of cancer cells. Therefore, targeting Rab GTPases to recover the dysregulated vesicle transport systems may provide potential strategy to restrain cancer progression. In this review, we discuss the regulation of Rab protein level and activity in modulating pathways involved in tumor progression, and propose that Rab proteins may serve as a prognostic factor in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouying Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ge Xuan
- Department of Gynaecology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, No.339 Liuting Road, Ningbo, 315012, China
| | - Shu Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Zihao An
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Chongying Zhu
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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Li Y, Ni SH, Liu X, Sun SN, Ling GC, Deng JP, Ou-Yang XL, Huang YS, Li H, Chen ZX, Huang XF, Xian SX, Yang ZQ, Wang LJ, Wu HY, Lu L. Crosstalk between endothelial cells with a non-canonical EndoMT phenotype and cardiomyocytes/fibroblasts via IGFBP5 aggravates TAC-induced cardiac dysfunction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176378. [PMID: 38309679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex chronic condition characterized by structural and functional impairments. The differentiation of endothelial cells into myofibroblasts (EndoMT) in response to cardiac fibrosis is controversial, and the relative contribution of endothelial plasticity remains to be explored. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to identify endothelial cells undergoing fibrotic differentiation within 2 weeks of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). This subset of endothelial cells transiently expressed fibrotic genes but had low expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, indicating a non-canonical EndoMT, which we named a transient fibrotic-like phenotype (EndoFP). The role of EndoFP in pathological cardiac remodeling may be correlated with increased levels of osteopontin. Cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts co-cultured with EndoFP exhibited heightened pro-hypertrophic and pro-fibrotic effects. Mechanistically, we found that the upregulated expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 may be a key mediator of EndoFP-induced cardiac dysfunction. Furthermore, our findings suggested that Rab5a is a novel regulatory gene involved in the EndoFP process. Our study suggests that the specific endothelial subset identified in TAC-induced pressure overload plays a critical role in the cellular interactions that lead to cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Additionally, our findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying EndoFP, making it a potential therapeutic target for early heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shenzhen Luohu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shi-Hao Ni
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Gui-Chen Ling
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Jian-Ping Deng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Ou-Yang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Huan Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zi-Xin Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shao-Xiang Xian
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Yang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Wu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shenzhen Luohu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
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