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Xue Y, Xue J, Ren X, Li C, Sun K, Cui L, Lyu Y, Zhang X. Nutrient Supply Is Essential for Shifting Tree Peony Reflowering Ahead in Autumn and Sugar Signaling Is Involved. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147703. [PMID: 35887047 PMCID: PMC9315773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The flowering time of tree peony is short and concentrated in spring, which limits the development of its industry. We previously achieved tree peony reflowering in autumn. Here, we further shifted its reflowering time ahead through proper gibberellin (GA) treatment plus nutrient supply. GA treatment alone initiated bud differentiation, but it aborted later, whereas GA plus nutrient (G + N) treatment completed the opening process 38 days before the control group. Through microstructural observation of bud differentiation and starch grains, we concluded that GA plays a triggering role in flowering induction, whereas the nutriment supply ensured the continuous developing for final opening, and both are necessary. We further determined the expression of five floral induction pathway genes and found that PsSOC1 and PsLFY probably played key integral roles in flowering induction and nutrient supply, respectively. Considering the GA signaling, PsGA2ox may be mainly involved in GA regulation, whereas PsGAI may regulate further flower formation after nutrient application. Furthermore, G + N treatment, but not GA alone, inhibited the expression of PsTPS1, a key restricting enzyme in sugar signaling, at the early stage, indicating that sugar signaling is also involved in this process; in addition, GA treatment induced high expression of PsSnRK1, a major nutrient insufficiency indicator, and the induction of PsHXK1, a rate-limiting enzyme for synthesis of sugar signaling substances, further confirmed the nutrient shortage. In short, besides GA application, exogenous nutrient supply is essential to shift tree peony reflowering ahead in autumn under current forcing culture technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Jingqi Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Xiuxia Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Changyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Kairong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Litao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Yingmin Lyu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-130-5191-3339 (Y.L.); +86-10-8210-5944 (X.Z.)
| | - Xiuxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (J.X.); (X.R.); (C.L.); (K.S.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-130-5191-3339 (Y.L.); +86-10-8210-5944 (X.Z.)
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Yan G, Yu P, Tian X, Guo L, Tu J, Shen J, Yi B, Fu T, Wen J, Liu K, Ma C, Dai C. DELLA proteins BnaA6.RGA and BnaC7.RGA negatively regulate fatty acid biosynthesis by interacting with BnaLEC1s in Brassica napus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2011-2026. [PMID: 33982357 PMCID: PMC8486242 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Seed oil content (SOC) and fatty acid (FA) composition determine the quality and economic value of rapeseed (Brassica napus). Little is known about the role of gibberellic acid (GA) in regulating FA biosynthesis in B. napus. Here, we discovered that four BnaRGAs (B. napus REPRESSOR OF GA), encoding negative regulators of GA signalling, were suppressed during seed development. Compared to the wild type, SOC was reduced in gain-of-function mutants bnaa6.rga-D and ds-3, which also showed reduced oleic acid and increased linoleic acid contents. By contrast, the loss-of-function quadruple mutant bnarga displayed higher SOC during early seed development than the wild type, with increased oleic acid and reduced linoleic acid contents. Notably, only BnaA6.RGA and BnaC7.RGA physically interacted with two BnaLEC1s, which function as essential transcription factors in FA biosynthesis. The FA composition did not significantly differ between bnarga bnalec1 sextuple mutants and bnalec1, suggesting that BnaLEC1s are epistatic to BnaRGAs in the regulation of FA composition. Furthermore, BnaLEC1-induced activation of BnaABI3 expression was repressed by BnaA6.RGA, indicating that GA triggers the degradation of BnaRGAs to relieve their repression of BnaLEC1s, thus promoting the transcription of downstream genes to facilitate oil biosynthesis. Therefore, we uncovered a developmental stage-specific role of GA in regulating oil biosynthesis via the GA-BnaRGA-BnaLEC1 signalling cascade, providing a novel mechanistic understanding of how phytohormones regulate FA biosynthesis in seeds. BnaRGAs represent promising targets for oil crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanbo Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Pugang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xia Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Gibberellin Signaling Repressor LlDELLA1 Controls the Flower and Pod Development of Yellow Lupine ( Lupinus luteus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051815. [PMID: 32155757 PMCID: PMC7084671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise control of generative organ development is of great importance for the productivity of crop plants, including legumes. Gibberellins (GAs) play a key role in the regulation of flowering, and fruit setting and development. The major repressors of GA signaling are DELLA proteins. In this paper, the full-length cDNA of LlDELLA1 gene in yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) was identified. Nuclear-located LlDELLA1 was clustered in a second phylogenetic group. Further analyses revealed the presence of all conserved motifs and domains required for the GA-dependent interaction with Gibberellin Insensitive Dwarf1 (GID1) receptor, and involved in the repression function of LlDELLA1. Studies on expression profiles have shown that fluctuating LlDELLA1 transcript level favors proper flower and pod development. Accumulation of LlDELLA1 mRNA slightly decreases from the flower bud stage to anther opening (dehiscence), while there is rapid increase during pollination, fertilization, as well as pod setting and early development. LlDELLA1 expression is downregulated during late pod development. The linkage of LlDELLA1 activity with cellular and tissue localization of gibberellic acid (GA3) offers a broader insight into the functioning of the GA pathway, dependent on the organ and developmental stage. Our analyses provide information that may be valuable in improving the agronomic properties of yellow lupine.
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Xue J, Li T, Wang S, Xue Y, Hu F, Zhang X. Elucidation of the mechanism of reflowering in tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) 'Zi Luo Lan' by defoliation and gibberellic acid application. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:571-578. [PMID: 30326436 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the reflowering mechanism of tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa 'Zi Luo Lan') after defoliation and gibberellic acid (GA) application (autumn-flowering treatment) was investigated by monitoring the morphological changes, measuring the endogenous GA3 and abscisic acid (ABA) contents, and determining the expression patterns of six GA- and two ABA-related genes. The results show that autumn-flowering treatment induced tree peony reflowering in autumn, which was accompanied by nutrient absorption in buds. The application of exogenous GA3 induced a simultaneous increase in GA3 and decrease in ABA levels, suggesting that the high ratios of GA3/ABA may play a key role in inducing tree peony reflowering. RT-qPCR analysis shows that PsCPS and PsGA2ox were significantly induced and inhibited by GA3 application, respectively, which supports the hypothesis that GA3 treatment induces endogenous GA3 production. In addition, GA3 treatment inhibited the expression of the PsGID1c, but its effect on PsGAI1 was limited, whereas the expression of PsGAMYB could be GA- or ABA-related. Furthermore, autumn-flowering treatment significantly inhibited the expression of PsNCED and PsbZIP, which coincides with the observed changes in ABA levels. Therefore, we postulate that autumn-flowering treatment induces tree peony reflowering by inhibiting the function of ABA accumulation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Xue
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Department of Peony, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Department of Peony, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China; Institute of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shunli Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Department of Peony, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuqian Xue
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Department of Peony, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengrong Hu
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Xiuxin Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Department of Peony, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Yue C, Cao H, Hao X, Zeng J, Qian W, Guo Y, Ye N, Yang Y, Wang X. Differential expression of gibberellin- and abscisic acid-related genes implies their roles in the bud activity-dormancy transition of tea plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:425-441. [PMID: 29214380 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Thirty genes involved in GA and ABA metabolism and signalling were identified, and the expression profiles indicated that they play crucial roles in the bud activity-dormancy transition in tea plants. Gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are fundamental phytohormones that extensively regulate plant growth and development, especially bud dormancy and sprouting transition in perennial plants. However, there is little information on GA- and ABA-related genes and their expression profiles during the activity-dormancy transition in tea plants. In the present study, 30 genes involved in the metabolism and signalling pathways of GA and ABA were first identified, and their expression patterns in different tissues were assessed. Further evaluation of the expression patterns of selected genes in response to GA3 and ABA application showed that CsGA3ox, CsGA20ox, CsGA2ox, CsZEP and CsNCED transcripts were differentially expressed after exogenous treatment. The expression profiles of the studied genes during winter dormancy and spring sprouting were investigated, and somewhat diverse expression patterns were found for GA- and ABA-related genes. This diversity was associated with the bud activity-dormancy cycle of tea plants. These results indicate that the genes involved in the metabolism and signalling of GA and ABA are important for regulating the bud activity-dormancy transition in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yue
- College of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Hongli Cao
- College of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Jianming Zeng
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Wenjun Qian
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Naixing Ye
- College of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
| | - Xinchao Wang
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Tea Improvement, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
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Liu ZH, Zhu L, Shi HY, Chen Y, Zhang JM, Zheng Y, Li XB. Cotton GASL genes encoding putative gibberellin-regulated proteins are involved in response to GA signaling in fiber development. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:4561-70. [PMID: 23645033 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
GAST (GA-stimulated transcript)-like genes have been reported as targets of GA regulation in some plant species. In this study, we isolated seven GAST-like cDNAs from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cDNA libraries (designated as GhGASL1-GhGASL7). Meanwhile, the genomic DNA clones corresponding to the seven GhGASL genes were isolated by using PCR amplification technique. Analysis of gene structure revealed that four genes (GhGASL1/3/5/6) contain two exons and one intron, while the rest have four exons and three introns. All of the deduced GhGASL proteins contain a putative signal peptide in the N-terminus and a conservative cysteine-rich C-terminal domain. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that the seven GhGASL genes are differentially expressed in cotton tissues. Among them, GhGASL1/4/7 were predominantly expressed in cotyledons, while the transcripts of GhGASL2/5 were preferentially accumulated at hypocotyls. GhGASL3 mRNA was largely accumulated in fibers, while GhGASL6 transcripts were mainly detected in ovules. Furthermore, GhGASL2/3/5 displayed a relatively high expression levels during early fiber elongation stages, and were regulated by GA. These data suggested that GhGASL genes may be involved in fiber elongation and in response to GA signaling during fiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Li A, Yang W, Li S, Liu D, Guo X, Sun J, Zhang A. Molecular characterization of three GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 homologous genes in hexaploid wheat. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 170:432-443. [PMID: 23261263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) functions as a gibberellin (GA) receptor and is a key component in the GA signaling pathway. In this paper, three TaGID1 genes, orthologous to rice OsGID1 (the first identified GA receptor GID1 gene), were isolated from hexaploid wheat using homology cloning. Like OsGID1, the three homologous TaGID1 genes consisted of two exons and one intron. Physical location analyses using nullisomic-tetrasomic and deletion lines derived from the wheat cultivar Chinese Spring revealed that the three homologous TaGID1 genes reside in the chromosome bins 1AL3-0.61-1, 1BL1-0.47-0.69, and 1DL2-0.41-1. Accordingly, they were named TaGID1-A1, TaGID1-B1, and TaGID1-D1, respectively. The expression patterns of the three TaGID1 genes were determined by real-time PCR in various wheat tissues at the heading stage, including flag leaves, young spikes, peduncles, and the third and fourth internodes. The three TaGID1 genes had similar transcript patterns, and all exhibited greater expression in flag leaves than in the other tissues. Moreover, they were all down-regulated after treatment with exogenous gibberellic acid (GA(3)) in young seedlings, suggesting a feedback regulation of TaGID1 in wheat. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated strong interactions between each putative TaGID1 and the wheat DELLA proteins RHT-A1, RHT-B1, and RHT-D1 in the presence of GA(3), and weak interactions in the absence of GA(3) in yeast cells. Furthermore, over-expression of each TaGID1 gene in the Arabidopsis double mutant gid1a/1c partially rescued the dwarf phenotype. These results suggest that the three TaGID1 homologous genes are all functional GA receptor genes in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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