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Ton Nu PA, Ngo TMC, Le Chi C, Do TBT, Tran Thi G, Ha TNT, Nguyen PV, Le MT. Three cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis due to Candida nivariensis. Med Mycol Case Rep 2024; 43:100640. [PMID: 38444800 PMCID: PMC10914576 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2024.100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida nivariensis is emerging as a highly resistant species of the Candida glabrata complex causing invasive and mucocutaneous infections. In this study, three cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by C. nivariensis are described and identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-2 sequencing. All isolates were susceptible in vitro to anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin, 5-flucytosine, posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and showed dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole. In two patients, three doses of oral fluconazole were effective, while one patient developed clinical fluconazole resistance with a new relapse after 6 months. Increasing the weekly dose of fluconazole showed to be effective in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Anh Ton Nu
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Minh Chau Ngo
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Cao Le Chi
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Thị Bich Thao Do
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Giang Tran Thi
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Thị Ngoc Thuy Ha
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Phuoc Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, 49000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Tam Le
- Hue Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, 41 Nguyen Hue Street, Hue City, 4900, Viet Nam
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High diversity of yeast species and strains responsible for vulvovaginal candidiasis in South-East Gabon. J Mycol Med 2022; 33:101354. [PMID: 36473325 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2022.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Candida albicans generally remains the principal pathogenic yeast responsible for vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), although with variable prevalence. In this study, we evaluated the evolution of the prevalence of the non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) species and investigated the genotypic diversity and the population genetic structure of the circulating C. albicans strains associated with VVC in the vicinity of Franceville (Gabon). METHODS A total of 110 independent isolates were identified using both MALDI-TOF MS and conventional techniques. The population genetic structure of the C. albicans strains was determined by multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis using 4 microsatellite markers. RESULTS The mean and median age of the patients was 31 years. Seven patients had a mixed infection. C. albicans accounted for 62 % (n=68) of the total isolates. NCAC were dominated by C. glabrata, followed by P. kudriavzevii, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, M. guilliermondii, and C. nivariensis. The cluster analysis revealed a high diversity, with a total of 50 different genotypes. The most represented genotype was shared by only four strains, while the vast majority (39 strains) had a unique MLVA pattern. Geographic clusters were not detected. CONCLUSION The study provides information on species distribution and possible changing epidemiology while reporting for the first time C. nivariensis in VVC in Africa. This study is also the first to investigate the genotypic diversity of the circulating C. albicans strains associated with VVC in Central Africa. Such analyses would help understand the molecular epidemiology of C. albicans.
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Overview on the Infections Related to Rare Candida species. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11090963. [PMID: 36145394 PMCID: PMC9505029 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11090963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical Candida spp. infections are rising, mostly due to the increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients. The most common Candida spp. is still Candida albicans; however, in the last decades, there has been an increase in non-Candida albicans Candida species infections (e.g., Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis). Furthermore, in the last 10 years, the reports on uncommon yeasts, such as Candida lusitaniae, Candida intermedia, or Candida norvegensis, have also worryingly increased. This review summarizes the information, mostly related to the last decade, regarding the infections, diagnosis, treatment, and resistance of these uncommon Candida species. In general, there has been an increase in the number of articles associated with the incidence of these species. Additionally, in several cases, there was a suggestive antifungal resistance, particularly with azoles, which is troublesome for therapeutic success.
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Sousa BR, Freitas JF, Valeriano CA, Neto LN, Neves RP, Gambarra FF, Gomes TM, da Silva Acioly JC, Lima-Neto RG. Refractory esophagitis caused by Candida nivariensis: second description of this yeast in Brazil and a literature review. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:903-915. [PMID: 35748170 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida nivariensis caused refractory esophagitis in a 36-year-old Brazilian man coinfected with HIV and Leishmania. A literature review on this rare fungal pathogen is also presented. The diagnosis was made, and pathogen identification was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and sequencing of the LSU/26S region. An antifungigram was performed using broth microdilution. A literature search of PubMed was performed. The causative agent, C. nivariensis, was resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole. The patient's condition worsened considerably, and he passed away. This is the second report of this Candida species in Brazil and the first case reported worldwide of refractory esophagitis in a patient coinfected with HIV and Leishmania. The case illustrates the importance of precise identification and antifungal susceptibility testing when isolating this emerging pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R Sousa
- Department of Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Fungal Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Jucieli F Freitas
- Department of Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Fungal Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos At Valeriano
- Department of Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Fungal Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Na Neto
- Department of Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Fungal Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Rejane P Neves
- Department of Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Fungal Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Gambarra
- Department of Health, Infectious Diseases Hospital Dr Clementino Fraga, State of Paraíba, Rua Estér Borges Bastos, s/n, Jaguaribe, João Pessoa, 58015-270, Brazil
| | - Tiago M Gomes
- Department of Health, Infectious Diseases Hospital Dr Clementino Fraga, State of Paraíba, Rua Estér Borges Bastos, s/n, Jaguaribe, João Pessoa, 58015-270, Brazil
| | - Jack C da Silva Acioly
- Department of Health, Infectious Diseases Hospital Dr Clementino Fraga, State of Paraíba, Rua Estér Borges Bastos, s/n, Jaguaribe, João Pessoa, 58015-270, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo G Lima-Neto
- Department of Mycology, Postgraduate Program in Fungal Biology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Av Professor Moraes Rêgo, s/n, 50670-901, Brazil
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Analysis of Biofilm-Related Genes and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Vaginal Candida albicans and Non- Candida albicans Species. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5598907. [PMID: 34136569 PMCID: PMC8179781 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5598907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by Candida species is a prevalent fungal infection among women. It is believed that the pathogenesis of Candida species is linked with the production of biofilm which is considered a virulence factor for this organism. The aim of this study was molecular identification, antifungal susceptibility, biomass quantification of biofilm, and detection of virulence markers of Candida species. Methods We investigated the molecular identification of 70 vaginal isolates of Candida species, antifungal resistance to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole according to CLSI M27-A3 and M27-S4, biofilm formation, and frequency analysis of biofilm-related ALS1, ALS3, and HWP1 genes. Results Our findings showed that the most common yeast isolated from vaginal discharge was C. albicans (67%), followed by the non-Candida albicans species (33%). All C. albicans complex isolates were confirmed as C. albicans by HWP-PCR, and all isolates of the C. glabrata complex were revealed to be C. glabrata sensu stricto using the multiplex PCR method. FLC resistance was observed in 23.4% of C. albicans and 7.7% of C. glabrata. The resistance rate to ITC was found in 10.6% of C. albicans. The frequency of ALS1, ALS3, and HWP1 genes among Candida species was 67.1%, 80%, and 81.4%, respectively. Biofilm formation was observed in 54.3% of Candida species, and the highest frequency detected as a virulence factor was for the ALS3 gene (97.3%) in biofilm-forming species. Discussion. Our results showed the importance of molecular epidemiology studies, investigating antifungal susceptibility profiles, and understanding the role of biofilm-related virulence markers in the pathogenesis of Candida strains.
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Shi Y, Zhu Y, Fan S, Liu X, Liang Y, Shan Y. Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility profile of yeast from vulvovaginal candidiasis. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:287. [PMID: 32393342 PMCID: PMC7216708 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-04985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate identification Candida is important for successful therapy and epidemiology study. The aim of research is to study API 20C yeast identification system identification rate by using molecular identification as gold standard and tested the antifungal susceptibility of Candida from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). METHODS In total, 3574 yeast isolates were obtained from patients with VVC. API 20C yeast identification, molecular identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility were performed. RESULTS C. albicans was the predominant Candida species [2748 isolates, 76.9%] in VVC. The isolates from vaginal samples represented 22 species based on molecular identification. The API 20C system identifies only 11 of the species encountered during the study period. Based on the API 20C system, 3273 (91.78%) isolates were correctly identified to the species level. The correct identification rate of the API 20C system for rare yeast was 15.29% (26/170 isolates). Antifungal susceptibility was tested in a total of 1844 isolates of Candida from patients with VVC. C. albicans was susceptible to most of the tested antifungals. The MICs of azoles for C. glabrata were higher than those for C. albicans. The MICs of echinocandins for C. parapsilosis were higher than those for C. albicans. CONCLUSIONS The API 20C yeast identification system can be used to reliably identify the most common Candida species while molecular methods are necessary for the identification of closely related, emerging, and rare yeast species. The results from this study suggest that much of the previous studies on the epidemiology of VVC should be re-thought. C. albicans was susceptible to most of the tested antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gynecological Diagnostic Technology Research, Shenzhen, 518036, China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yuxia Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gynecological Diagnostic Technology Research, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China. .,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gynecological Diagnostic Technology Research, Shenzhen, 518036, China. .,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Laboratory Science, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yiheng Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gynecological Diagnostic Technology Research, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yingying Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gynecological Diagnostic Technology Research, Shenzhen, 518036, China
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Silva LN, de Mello TP, de Souza Ramos L, Branquinha MH, Dos Santos ALS. New and Promising Chemotherapeutics for Emerging Infections Involving Drug-resistant Non-albicans Candida Species. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2527-2553. [PMID: 31654512 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191025152412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections are a veritable public health problem worldwide. The increasing number of patient populations at risk (e.g. transplanted individuals, cancer patients, and HIV-infected people), as well as the use of antifungal agents for prophylaxis in medicine, have favored the emergence of previously rare or newly identified fungal species. Indeed, novel antifungal resistance patterns have been observed, including environmental sources and the emergence of simultaneous resistance to different antifungal classes, especially in Candida spp., which are known for the multidrug-resistance (MDR) profile. In order to circumvent this alarming scenario, the international researchers' community is engaged in discovering new, potent, and promising compounds to be used in a near future to treat resistant fungal infections in hospital settings on a global scale. In this context, many compounds with antifungal action from both natural and synthetic sources are currently under clinical development, including those that target either ergosterol or β(1,3)-D-glucan, presenting clear evidence of pharmacologic/pharmacokinetic advantages over currently available drugs against these two well-known fungal target structures. Among these are the tetrazoles VT-1129, VT-1161, and VT-1598, the echinocandin CD101, and the glucan synthase inhibitor SCY-078. In this review, we compiled the most recent antifungal compounds that are currently in clinical trials of development and described the potential outcomes against emerging and rare Candida species, with a focus on C. auris, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. haemulonii, and C. rugosa. In addition to possibly overcoming the limitations of currently available antifungals, new investigational chemical agents that can enhance the classic antifungal activity, thereby reversing previously resistant phenotypes, were also highlighted. While novel and increasingly MDR non-albicans Candida species continue to emerge worldwide, novel strategies for rapid identification and treatment are needed to combat these life-threatening opportunistic fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nunes Silva
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaís Pereira de Mello
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lívia de Souza Ramos
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Helena Branquinha
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Luis Souza Dos Santos
- Laboratorio de Estudos Avancados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Asadzadeh M, Alanazi AF, Ahmad S, Al-Sweih N, Khan Z. Lack of detection of Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis among 440 clinical Candida glabrata sensu lato isolates in Kuwait. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223920. [PMID: 31618264 PMCID: PMC6795469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis, two species phenotypically similar to Candida glabrata sensu stricto, in human clinical samples from different geographical settings remains unknown. This study developed a low-cost multiplex PCR (mPCR) and three species-specific singleplex PCR assays. Reference strains of common Candida species were used during development and the performance of mPCR and singleplex PCR assays was evaluated with 440 clinical C. glabrata sensu lato isolates. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was also sequenced from 85 selected isolates and rDNA sequence variations were used for determining genetic relatedness among the isolates by using MEGA X software. Species-specific amplicons for C. glabrata (~360 bp), C. nivariensis (~250 bp) and C. bracarensis (~180 bp) were obtained in mPCR while no amplicon was obtained from other Candida species. The three singleplex PCR assays also yielded expected results with reference strains of Candida species. The mPCR amplified ~360 bp amplicon from all 440 C. glabrata sensu lato isolates thus identifying all clinical isolates in Kuwait as C. glabrata sensu stricto. The results of mPCR were confirmed for all 440 isolates as they yielded an amplicon only in C. glabrata sensu stricto-specific singleplex PCR assay. The rDNA sequence data identified 28 ITS haplotypes among 85 isolates with 18 isolates belonging to unique haplotypes and 67 isolates belonging to 10 cluster haplotypes. In conclusion, we have developed a simple, low-cost mPCR assay for rapid differentiation of C. glabrata sensu stricto from C. nivariensis and C. bracarensis. Our data obtained from a large collection of clinical C. glabrata sensu lato isolates show that C. nivariensis and C. bracarensis are rare pathogens in Kuwait. Considerable genetic diversity among C. glabrata sensu stricto isolates was also indicated by rDNA sequence analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Ahlam F. Alanazi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Suhail Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Noura Al-Sweih
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Ziauddin Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
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Sikora M, Kuthan R, Piskorska-Malolepsza K, Golas-Pradzynska M, Domański D, Augustynowicz-Kopeć E, Swoboda-Kopec E. Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility of the Emerging Fungal Species, Candida nivariensis, Isolated in a Teaching Hospital in Poland. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 68:303-308. [PMID: 31880875 PMCID: PMC7256724 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2019-032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The data on susceptibility to antifungals of new species within Candida glabrata complex are limited. Our study was to enrich a global knowledge of yeast epidemiology and drug resistance. The study was focused on the identification of species within clinical isolates of the C. glabrata complex and on the determination of their resistance to antifungals. Four hundred forty-five clinical C. glabrata sensu lato strains were isolated from different clinical samples at routine mycological exams at the Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital in Warsaw. The identification of the most of tested isolates to species complex level was performed using the ID 32 C system. The identification of C. nivariensis and C. bracarensis species within the C. glabrata complex was performed by DNA sequencing. The MICs of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin were determined by E-test. Twenty-four isolates did not have an ITS-1 region, characteristic of C. glabrata sensu stricto and their D1/D2 regions of the 26S rRNA were 99% homologous to C. nivariensis 26S rRNA. No strains of C. bracarensis were recovered. C. nivariensis strains were very susceptible to amphotericin B, anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin. Ninety-two percent of C. nivariensis were resistant to itraconazole. The halves of the strains was resistant to posaconazole. Eighty-three percent of C. nivariensis were susceptible to voriconazole. None of the tested strains were susceptible to fluconazole. In the present study, none of the C. nivariensis strains were simultaneously resistant to azoles and echinocandins. C. nivariensis should be recognized as an emerging pathogen, resistant to azoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sikora
- Department of Dental Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland ; Department of Microbiology, Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Robert Kuthan
- Department of Microbiology, Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital , Warsaw , Poland ; Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piskorska-Malolepsza
- Department of Microbiology, Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital , Warsaw , Poland ; Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | | | - Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć
- Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Ewa Swoboda-Kopec
- Department of Microbiology, Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital , Warsaw , Poland ; Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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Reyes-Montes MDR, Acosta-Altamirano G, Duarte-Escalante E, Salazar EG, Martínez-Herrera E, Arenas R, González G, Frías-De-León MG. Usefulness of a multiplex PCR for the rapid identification of Candida glabrata species complex in Mexican clinical isolates. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e37. [PMID: 31411267 PMCID: PMC6690577 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida glabrata complex includes three species identified
through molecular biology methods: C. glabrata sensu stricto ,
C. nivariensis and C. bracarensis . In
Mexico, the phenotypic methods are still used in the diagnosis; therefore, the
presence of C. nivariensis and C. bracarensis
among clinical isolates is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate
the utility of a multiplex PCR for the identification of the C.
glabrata species complex. DNA samples from 92 clinical isolates
that were previously identified through phenotypic characteristics as C.
glabrata were amplified by four oligonucleotides (UNI-5.8S, GLA-f,
BRA-f, and NIV-f) that generate amplicons of 397, 293 and 223-bp corresponding
to C. glabrata sensu stricto , C. nivariensis
, and C. bracarensis , respectively. The amplicon sequences
were used to perform a phylogenetic analysis through the Maximum Likelihood
method (MEGA6), including strains and reference sequences of species belonging
to C. glabrata complex. In addition, recombination and linkage
disequilibrium were estimated (DnaSP version 5.0) for C. glabrata sensu
stricto isolate s . Eighty-eight isolates
generated a 397-bp fragment and only in one isolate a 223-bp amplicon was
observed. In the phylogenetic tree, the sequences of 397-bp were grouped with
C. glabrata reference sequences , and the
sequence of 223-bp was grouped with C. bracarensis reference
sequences, corroborating the PCR identification. The number of recombination
events for the isolates of C. glabrata sensu stricto was zero,
suggesting a clonal population structure. Three isolates that did not amplify
any of the expected fragments were identified as Saccharomyces
cerevisiae through the sequencing of the D1/D2 domain region within
the 28S rDNA gene. The multiplex PCR is a fast, cost-effective and reliable tool
that can be used in clinical laboratories to identify C.
glabrata complex species.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Rocío Reyes-Montes
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Esperanza Duarte-Escalante
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo García Salazar
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Unidad de Investigación, Ixtapaluca, México
| | - Erick Martínez-Herrera
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Unidad de Investigación, Ixtapaluca, México
| | - Roberto Arenas
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González, Sección de Micología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gloria González
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Monterrey, México
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Magalhães Pinto L, de Assis Bezerra Neto F, Araújo Paulo de Medeiros M, Zuza Alves DL, Maranhão Chaves G. Candida species isolated from pigeon (Columbia livia) droppings may express virulence factors and resistance to azoles. Vet Microbiol 2019; 235:43-52. [PMID: 31282378 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Even though it is widely known that Cryptococcus spp. may transmit cryptococcosis trough aerosol formed when dried birds (mainly pigeons) droppings are dispersed and become airborne, little is known about the role of these birds in harboring other pathogenic yeasts in their gastrointestinal tract, feathers and beaks, specifically because these animals often stay and reproduce close or even above air conditioner units. Here we evaluated the prevalence of pathogenic yeasts isolated from pigeon droppings collected in the outside area of a University Hospital in Brazil. We also aimed to investigate the pathogenic potential and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species of medical interest isolated from these samples. Therefore, we performed the evaluation of virulence factors attributes expression in vitro, including the ability to adhere to human buccal epithelial cells and biofilm formation and to produce lytic enzymes, such as phospholipases, proteinases and hemolysins. Antifungal susceptibility testing against fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin and micafungin was also performed. The Candida genus was the most prevalent in our study, with several medically important species being isolated. Of note, these strains were able to express several virulence factors in vitro, clearly showing their pathogenic potential. Our study was able to demonstrate that Candida spp. isolated from pigeon droppings may express virulence factors in the same manner of clinical isolates, suggesting a pathogenic potential for these yeasts. The fact these strains were collected from the outside area of a tertiary hospital may be of interest, because they may be a source of infection, specifically to immunocompromised hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Magalhães Pinto
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Mycology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua. Gal. Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria S/N, Petrópolis, CEP: 59012-570. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Francisco de Assis Bezerra Neto
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Mycology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua. Gal. Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria S/N, Petrópolis, CEP: 59012-570. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Araújo Paulo de Medeiros
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Mycology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua. Gal. Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria S/N, Petrópolis, CEP: 59012-570. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Diana Luzia Zuza Alves
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Mycology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua. Gal. Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria S/N, Petrópolis, CEP: 59012-570. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Maranhão Chaves
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Mycology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua. Gal. Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria S/N, Petrópolis, CEP: 59012-570. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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12
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Arastehfar A, Daneshnia F, Salehi MR, Zarrinfar H, Khodavaisy S, Haas PJ, Roudbary M, Najafzadeh MJ, Zomorodian K, Charsizadeh A, Brouwer C, Pan W, Hagen F, Boekhout T. Molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida nivariensis from blood samples - an Iranian multicentre study and a review of the literature. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:770-777. [PMID: 30924763 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Identification of the emerging yeast species Candida nivariensis among presumptively identified Iranian Candida glabrata isolates. METHODOLOGY Clinical C. glabrata species complex isolates from blood (n=71; 33.3 %), urine (n=100; 46.9 %), vaginal swabs (n=20;9.4 %), BAL (n=10; 4.7 %), and sputum (n=12; 5.6 %) from Iran were investigated. Isolates were characterized by CHROMagar, multiplex PCRs, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting, internal transcribed spacer (ITS)/large subunit (LSU) rDNA and FKS1/FKS2 sequencing, and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing broth microdilution method. A comprehensive literature review was conducted and all the relevant clinical and microbiological data were collected. RESULTS Four C. nivariensis isolates were recovered from blood samples of three subjects and were all consistently identified by nine-plex PCR, Bruker MALDI-TOF MS, and LSU and ITS rDNA sequencing. AFLP genotyping clustered the isolates into two groups. Sequencing of the FKS1 and FKS2 hotspots showed no accountable amino acid substitutions. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin and micafungin. CONCLUSION In total, 4 out of 213 clinical C. glabrata species complex candidemia isolates were C. nivariensis. Improvement of the BioMerieux Vitek MS database is required to accurately identify C. nivariensis and it is advised to alternatively use CHROMagar and/or PCR-based techniques. As other species within the Nakaseomyces clade may cause infection and showed high MIC values for antifungals, inclusion of their spectra into the MALDI-TOF MS database seems relevant. Due to developing resistance to fluconazole and insufficient efficacy of caspofungin, the combination of catheter removal plus treatment with caspofungin, or voriconazole, or micafungin might be effective for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Arastehfar
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Farnaz Daneshnia
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad-Reza Salehi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Zarrinfar
- Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pieter-Jan Haas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Roudbary
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Najafzadeh
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kamiar Zomorodian
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, and Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Charsizadeh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Carlo Brouwer
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,BioAware Life Sciences Data Management Software, Belgium.,CBMR Scientific Inc, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ferry Hagen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Małek M, Mrowiec P, Klesiewicz K, Skiba-Kurek I, Szczepański A, Białecka J, Żak I, Bogusz B, Kędzierska J, Budak A, Karczewska E. Prevalence of human pathogens of the clade Nakaseomyces in a culture collection-the first report on Candida bracarensis in Poland. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 64:307-312. [PMID: 30361876 PMCID: PMC6529382 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human pathogens belonging to the Nakaseomyces clade include Candida glabrata sensu stricto, Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis. Their highly similar phenotypic characteristics often lead to misidentification by conventional laboratory methods. Therefore, limited information on the true epidemiology of the Candida glabrata species complex is available. Due to life-threatening infections caused by these species, it is crucial to supplement this knowledge. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of C. bracarensis and C. nivariensis in a culture collection of C. glabrata complex isolates. The study covered 353 isolates identified by biochemical methods as C. glabrata, collected from paediatric and adult patients hospitalised at four medical centres in Southern Poland. The multiplex PCR was used to identify the strains. Further species confirmation was performed via sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis. One isolate was recognised as C. bracarensis (0.28%). To our knowledge, it is the first isolate in Poland. C. glabrata sensu stricto species has been confirmed for all the remaining isolates. No C. nivariensis was found. Our study has shown that the prevalence of C. nivariensis and C. bracarensis strains is infrequent. However, it should be emphasised that the incidence of these strains may differ locally and depend on environmental factors and the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Małek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paulina Mrowiec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Karolina Klesiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Skiba-Kurek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adrian Szczepański
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Białecka
- Centre for Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Żak
- Department of Microbiology, University Children's Hospital of Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bożena Bogusz
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Hospital in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kędzierska
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Budak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karczewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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14
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Miranda-Cadena K, Marcos-Arias C, Mateo E, Aguirre JM, Quindós G, Eraso E. Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and their close-related species in oral candidiasis. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:100-107. [PMID: 30096698 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the importance of Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and their close-related species, Candida bracarensis, Candida nivariensis, Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis in patients with oral candidiasis and, to determine the in vitro activities of antifungal drugs currently used for the treatment. METHODS One hundred fourteen isolates of C. glabrata and 97 of C. parapsilosis, previously identified by conventional mycological methods, were analysed by molecular techniques. In vitro antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, and nystatin was evaluated by CLSI M44-A2 disk diffusion test, and by CLSI M27-A3 microdilution for fluconazole. RESULTS All C. glabrata isolates were identified as C. glabrata sensu stricto, 93 out of 97 C. parapsilosis isolates as C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, three as C. orthopsilosis and one as C. metapsilosis. Candida glabrata was mainly isolated in mixed cultures but C. parapsilosis complex was more frequent in pure culture. Candida metapsilosis and C. orthopsilosis were isolated as pure culture and both species were susceptible to all antifungal agents tested. Most C. glabrata isolates were susceptible to miconazole and nystatin, but resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole. Azole cross resistance was also observed. Candida parapsilosis isolates were susceptible to fluconazole although azole cross resistance to miconazole and itraconazole was observed. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of accurate identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of oral Candida isolates in order to have an in-depth understanding of the role of C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis in oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Miranda-Cadena
- UFI 11/25 "Microbios y Salud", Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cristina Marcos-Arias
- UFI 11/25 "Microbios y Salud", Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Mateo
- UFI 11/25 "Microbios y Salud", Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - José Manuel Aguirre
- UFI 11/25 "Microbios y Salud", Departamento de Estomatología II, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindós
- UFI 11/25 "Microbios y Salud", Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elena Eraso
- UFI 11/25 "Microbios y Salud", Departamento de Inmunología, Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain.
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15
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Treviño-Rangel RDJ, Espinosa-Pérez JF, Villanueva-Lozano H, Montoya AM, Andrade A, Bonifaz A, González GM. First report of Candida bracarensis in Mexico: hydrolytic enzymes and antifungal susceptibility pattern. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 63:517-523. [PMID: 29488180 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Candida bracarensis is an emerging cryptic species within the Candida glabrata clade. To date, little is known about its epidemiology, virulence, and antifungal susceptibility. This study documents the occurrence of C. bracarensis for the first time in Mexico and focuses on its in vitro production of hydrolytic enzymes, as well as antifungal susceptibility to echinocandins. This strain was isolated from a vaginal swab of a female with vulvovaginal candidosis; exhibited a very strong activity of aspartyl proteinase, phospholipase, and hemolysin; and was susceptible to caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin (MIC = 0.031 μg/mL). Data obtained could contribute to the knowledge of the epidemiology and virulence attributes of this yeast as a fungal opportunistic human pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio de J Treviño-Rangel
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo A. Pequeño, s/n. Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - José F Espinosa-Pérez
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo A. Pequeño, s/n. Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Hiram Villanueva-Lozano
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo A. Pequeño, s/n. Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Alexandra M Montoya
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo A. Pequeño, s/n. Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Angel Andrade
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo A. Pequeño, s/n. Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Alexandro Bonifaz
- Dermatology Service and Mycology Department, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria M González
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo A. Pequeño, s/n. Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
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16
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Reyes-Montes MDR, Duarte-Escalante E, Martínez-Herrera E, Acosta-Altamirano G, Frías-De León MG. Current status of the etiology of candidiasis in Mexico. Rev Iberoam Micol 2017; 34:203-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Candida glabrata species complex prevalence and antifungal susceptibility testing in a culture collection: First description of Candida nivariensis in Argentina. Mycopathologia 2016; 181:871-878. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-016-0052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Figueiredo-Carvalho MHG, Ramos LDS, Barbedo LS, Chaves ALDS, Muramoto IA, Santos ALSD, Almeida-Paes R, Zancopé-Oliveira RM. First description of Candida nivariensis in Brazil: antifungal susceptibility profile and potential virulence attributes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:51-8. [PMID: 26814644 PMCID: PMC4727436 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile and the production of
potential virulence attributes in a clinical strain of Candida
nivariensis for the first time in Brazil, as identified by sequencing the
internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S-ITS2 region and D1/D2 domains of the 28S of
the rDNA. For comparative purposes, tests were also performed with reference strains.
All strains presented low planktonic minimal inhibitory concentrations (PMICs) to
amphotericin B (AMB), caspofungin (CAS), and voriconazole. However, our strain showed
elevated planktonic MICs to posaconazole (POS) and itraconazole, in addition to
fluconazole resistance. Adherence to inert surfaces was conducted onto glass and
polystyrene. The biofilm formation and antifungal susceptibility on biofilm-growing
cells were evaluated by crystal violet staining and a XTT reduction assay. All fungal
strains were able to bind both tested surfaces and form biofilm, with a binding
preference to polystyrene (p < 0.001). AMB promoted significant reductions (≈50%)
in biofilm production by our C. nivariensis strain using both
methodologies. This reduction was also observed for CAS and POS, but only in the XTT
assay. All strains were excellent protease producers and moderate phytase producers,
but lipases were not detected. This study reinforces the pathogenic potential of
C. nivariensis and its possible resistance profile to the azolic
drugs generally used for candidiasis management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Livia de Souza Ramos
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Silva Barbedo
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Ilda Akemi Muramoto
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - André Luis Souza dos Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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19
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Aznar-Marin P, Galan-Sanchez F, Marin-Casanova P, García-Martos P, Rodríguez-Iglesias M. Candida nivariensis as a New Emergent Agent of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Description of Cases and Review of Published Studies. Mycopathologia 2015; 181:445-9. [PMID: 26708316 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-015-9978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Candida nivariensis is a new emergent agent related to human infections in the vaginal tract and other localizations, but the phenotypic characteristics are very similar to Candida glabrata and can be misidentified and underdiagnosed. We described four cases of vulvovaginitis identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and confirmed the results with PCR amplification and sequencing of the entire ITS genomic region (ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8 rRNA). We reinforce the need for new diagnostic tools for the correct identification of yeast infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Aznar-Marin
- Clinical Microbiology Lab, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Fátima Galan-Sanchez
- Clinical Microbiology Lab, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pilar Marin-Casanova
- Clinical Microbiology Lab, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pedro García-Martos
- Clinical Microbiology Lab, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
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20
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Glöckner A, Cornely OA. Candida glabrata -unique features and challenges in the clinical management of invasive infections. Mycoses 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Glöckner
- BDH-Klinik Greifswald GmbH; Greifswald Germany
| | - O. A. Cornely
- Department I of Internal Medicine; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD); Clinical Trials Centre Cologne (ZKS Köln, BMBF 01KN1106) Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO Köln Bonn); German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
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21
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Criseo G, Scordino F, Romeo O. Current methods for identifying clinically important cryptic Candida species. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 111:50-6. [PMID: 25659326 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the taxonomy of the most important pathogenic Candida species (Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida glabrata) has undergone profound changes due to the description of new closely-related species. This has resulted in the establishment of cryptic species complexes difficult to recognize in clinical diagnostic laboratories. The identification of these novel Candida species seems to be clinically relevant because it is likely that they differ in virulence and drug resistance. Nevertheless, current phenotypic methods are not suitable to accurately distinguish all the species belonging to a specific cryptic complex and therefore their recognition still requires molecular methods. Since traditional mycological techniques have not been useful, a number of molecular based methods have recently been developed. These range from simple PCR-based methods to more sophisticated real-time PCR and/or MALDI-TOF methods. In this article, we review the current methods designed for discriminating among closely related Candida species by highlighting, in particular, the limits of the existing phenotypic tests and the development of rapid and specific molecular tools for their proper identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Criseo
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Fabio Scordino
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Orazio Romeo
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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