1
|
Peng B, Liao P, Jiang Y. A Meta-Analysis to Revisit the Property-Aggregation Relationships of Carbon Nanomaterials: Experimental Observations versus Predictions of the DLVO Theory. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7127-7138. [PMID: 38512061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Contradicting relationships between physicochemical properties of nanomaterials (e.g., size and ζ-potential) and their aggregation behavior have been constantly reported in previous literature, and such contradictions deviate from the predictions of the classic Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. To resolve such controversies, in this work, we employed a meta-analytic approach to synthesize the data from 46 individual studies reporting the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) of two carbon nanomaterials, namely, graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotube (CNT). The correlations between CCC and material physicochemical properties (i.e., size, ζ-potential, and surface functionalities) were examined and compared to the theoretical predictions. Results showed that the CCC of electrostatically stabilized carbon nanomaterials increased with decreasing nanomaterial size when their hydrodynamic sizes were smaller than ca. 200 nm. This is qualitatively consistent with the prediction of the DLVO theory but with a smaller threshold size than the predicted 2 μm. Above the threshold size, the material ζ-potential can be correlated to CCC for nanomaterials with moderate/low surface charge, in agreement with the DLVO theory. The correlation was not observed for highly charged nanomaterials because of their underestimated surface potential by the ζ-potential. Furthermore, a correlation between the C/O ratio and CCC was observed, where a lower C/O ratio resulted in a higher CCC. Overall, our findings rationalized the inconsistency between experimental observation and theoretical prediction and provided essential insights into the aggregation behavior of nanomaterials in water, which could facilitate their rational design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Lingcheng West Road, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaleeswarran P, Sakthi Priya T, Chen TW, Chen SM, Kokulnathan T, Arumugam A. Construction of a Copper Bismuthate/Graphene Nanocomposite for Electrochemical Detection of Catechol. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10162-10172. [PMID: 35939572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Binary metal oxides with carbon nanocomposites have received extensive attention as research hotspots in the electrochemistry field owing to their tunable properties and superior stability. This work illustrates the development of a facile sonochemical strategy for the synthesis of a copper bismuthate/graphene (GR) nanocomposite-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (CBO/GR/SPCE) for the electrochemical detection of catechol (CT). The formation of an as-prepared CBO/GR nanocomposite was comprehensively characterized. The electrochemical behavior of the CBO/GR/SPCE toward CT was investigated by voltammetry and amperometry techniques. The fabricated CBO/GR/SPCE manifests an excellent electrocatalytic performance toward CT with a lower peak potential and a higher current value compared to those of CBO/SPCE, GR/SPCE, and bare SPCE. It is attributed to enhanced electro-catalytic activity, synergetic effects, and good active sites of the CBO/GR nanocomposite. Under the electrochemical condition, the CBO/GR/SPCE displayed a wide linear sensing range, trace-level detection limit, acceptable sensitivity, and excellent selectivity. Furthermore, our proposed CBO/GR electrode was employed successfully for CT detection in water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Periyannan Kaleeswarran
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Botany, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangavelu Sakthi Priya
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Thangavelu Kokulnathan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ayyakannu Arumugam
- Department of Botany, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sulfonated graphene oxide impregnated cellulose acetate floated beads for adsorption of methylene blue dye: optimization using response surface methodology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9339. [PMID: 35660768 PMCID: PMC9167308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
New multi-featured adsorbent beads were fabricated through impregnation of sulfonated graphene (SGO) oxide into cellulose acetate (CA) beads for fast adsorption of cationic methylene blue (MB) dye. The formulated SGO@CA composite beads were thoroughly characterized by several tools including FTIR, TGA, SEM, XRD, XPS and zeta potential. The optimal levels of the most significant identified variables affecting the adsorption process were sequential determined by the response surface methodology (RSM) using Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. The gained results denoted that the surface of SGO@CA beads displayed the higher negative charges (− 42.2 mV) compared to − 35.7 and − 38.7 mV for pristine CA and SGO, respectively. In addition, the floated SGO@CA beads demonstrated excellent floating property, fast adsorption and easy separation. The adsorption performance was accomplished rapidly, since the adsorption equilibrium was closely gotten within 30 min. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity was greatly improved with increasing SGO content from 10 to 30%. The obtained data were followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model and agreed with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity reached 234.74 mg g−1. The thermodynamic studies designated the spontaneity and endothermic nature of MB dye adsorption. Besides, the floated beads exposed acceptable adsorption characteristics for six successive reuse cycles, in addition to their better adsorption selectivity towards MB dye compared to cationic crystal violet and anionic Congo red dyes. These findings assume that the formulated SGO@CA floated beads could be used effectively as highly efficient, easy separable and reusable adsorbents for the fast removal of toxic cationic dyes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hendricks N, Olatunji OS, Gumbi BP. Quantification and Ecological Risk Assessment of Colloidal Fullerenes Nanoparticles in Sediments by Ultrasonic-Assisted Pressurized Liquid Extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123319. [PMID: 34947668 PMCID: PMC8705665 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes engineered nanomaterials are regarded as emerging environmental contaminants. This is as their widespread application in many consumer products, as well as natural release, increases their environmental concentration. In this work, an ultrasonic-assisted pressurized liquid extraction (UAPLE) method followed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible detector (HPLC-UV-vis) was developed for extraction and determination of fullerene in sediments. The method was validated and found to be suitable for environmental risk assessment. Thereafter, the method was used for the determination of fullerene (C61-PCBM) in sediment samples collected from Umgeni River, South Africa. The current method allows for adequate sensitivity within the linear range of 0.01–4 µg g−1, method limit detection of 0.0094 µg g−1 and recoveries ranged between 67–84%. All the parameters were determined from fortified sediments samples. The measured environmental concentration (MEC) of fullerene in the sediment samples ranged from not detected to 30.55 µg g−1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence and ecological risk assessment of carbonaceous fullerene nanoparticles in African sediments and biosolids.
Collapse
|
5
|
The synthesis and characterization of targeted delivery curcumin using chitosan-magnetite-reduced graphene oxide as nano-carrier. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:554-562. [PMID: 34216673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To achieve targeted treatment with fewer adverse effects against fatal cancer diseases, the use of nanoparticles as therapeutic agents or drug carriers has been proved to be very extensive and remarkable, today. In this study, chitosan-magnetite-reduced graphene oxide (CS-Fe3O4-RGO) nanocomposites (NC) were used for the targeted delivery of curcumin (Cur) as anticancer drugs to suppress MCF-7 breast cancer cells and this was accomplished using a facile water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification procedure. FTIR and XRD were used for characterization. The average size distribution of nanoemulsions and their surface charge (zeta potential) were determined by Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyzer and zeta potential measurement, respectively. SEM Mapping showed the uniform and flat surface for the NC which was confirmed by the EDX diagram. Measurement of VSM exhibited that the Fe3O4-RGOs have superparamagnetic properties. According to the MTT assay, the NC has the highest toxicity at 0.1 against MCF-7 cancer cells. The results of flow cytometry indicated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. By using the dialysis method, it was determined that curcumin was released faster in an acidic medium. It is expected that the results of this study will be effective in the development of targeted drug delivery as well as the development of CS- Fe3O4-RGO-based drug carriers against various cancer cells during future research.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang D, Saleh NB, Sun W, Park CM, Shen C, Aich N, Peijnenburg WJGM, Zhang W, Jin Y, Su C. Next-Generation Multifunctional Carbon-Metal Nanohybrids for Energy and Environmental Applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7265-7287. [PMID: 31199142 PMCID: PMC7388031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has unprecedentedly revolutionized human societies over the past decades and will continue to advance our broad societal goals in the coming decades. The research, development, and particularly the application of engineered nanomaterials have shifted the focus from "less efficient" single-component nanomaterials toward "superior-performance", next-generation multifunctional nanohybrids. Carbon nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene family nanomaterials, carbon dots, and graphitic carbon nitride) and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g., Ag, Au, CdS, Cu2O, MoS2, TiO2, and ZnO) combinations are the most commonly pursued nanohybrids (carbon-metal nanohybrids; CMNHs), which exhibit appealing properties and promising multifunctionalities for addressing multiple complex challenges faced by humanity at the critical energy-water-environment (EWE) nexus. In this frontier review, we first highlight the altered and newly emerging properties (e.g., electronic and optical attributes, particle size, shape, morphology, crystallinity, dimensionality, carbon/metal ratio, and hybridization mode) of CMNHs that are distinct from those of their parent component materials. We then illustrate how these important newly emerging properties and functions of CMNHs direct their performances at the EWE nexus including energy harvesting (e.g., H2O splitting and CO2 conversion), water treatment (e.g., contaminant removal and membrane technology), and environmental sensing and in situ nanoremediation. This review concludes with identifications of critical knowledge gaps and future research directions for maximizing the benefits of next-generation multifunctional CMNHs at the EWE nexus and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Resident Research Associate at the United States Environmental Protection Agency , Ada , Oklahoma 74820 , United States
| | - Navid B Saleh
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering , Kyungpook National University , Buk-gu , Daegu 41566 , South Korea
| | - Chongyang Shen
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Nirupam Aich
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML) , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
- Center for Safety of Substances and Products , National Institute for Public Health and the Environment , P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven , The Netherlands
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, and Environmental Science and Policy Program , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Chunming Su
- Groundwater, Watershed, and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , United States Environmental Protection Agency , Ada , Oklahoma 74820 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mohona TM, Gupta A, Masud A, Chien SC, Lin LC, Nalam PC, Aich N. Aggregation Behavior of Inorganic 2D Nanomaterials Beyond Graphene: Insights from Molecular Modeling and Modified DLVO Theory. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4161-4172. [PMID: 30884220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the comparative aggregation behavior of three emerging inorganic 2D nanomaterials (NMs): MoS2, WS2, and h-BN in aquatic media. Their aqueous dispersions were subjected to aggregation under varying concentrations of monovalent (NaCl) and divalent (CaCl2) electrolytes. Moreover, Suwanee River Natural Organic Matter (SRNOM) has been used to analyze the effect of natural macromolecules on 2D NM aggregation. An increase in electrolyte concentration resulted in electrical double-layer compression of the negatively charged 2D NMs, thus displaying classical Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO)-type interaction. The critical coagulation concentrations (CCC) have been estimated as 37, 60, and 19 mM NaCl and 3, 7.2, and 1.3 mM CaCl2 for MoS2, WS2, and h-BN, respectively. Theoretical predictions of CCC by modified DLVO theory have been found comparable to the experimental values when dimensionality of the materials is taken into account and a molecular modeling approach was used for calculating molecular level interaction energies between individual 2D NM nanosheets. Electrostatic repulsion has been found to govern colloidal stability of MoS2 and WS2 while the van der Waals attraction has been found to govern that of h-BN. SRNOM stabilizes the 2D NMs significantly possibly by electrosteric repulsion. The presence of SRNOM completely stabilized MoS2 and WS2 at both low and high ionic strengths. While h-BN still showed appreciable aggregation in the presence of SRNOM, the aggregation rates were decreased by 2.6- and 3.7-fold at low and high ionic strengths, respectively. Overall, h-BN nanosheets will have higher aggregation potential and thus limited mobility in the natural aquatic environment when compared to MoS2 and WS2. These results can also be used to mechanistically explain fate, transport, transformation, organismal uptake, and toxicity of inorganic 2D NMs in the natural ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tashfia M Mohona
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Anusha Gupta
- Department of Civil Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Gandhinagar , Gujarat 382355 , India
| | - Arvid Masud
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Szu-Chia Chien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Li-Chiang Lin
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Prathima C Nalam
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Nirupam Aich
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McCoy TM, Turpin G, Teo BM, Tabor RF. Graphene oxide: a surfactant or particle? Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
9
|
Park CM, Wang D, Han J, Heo J, Su C. Evaluation of the colloidal stability and adsorption performance of reduced graphene oxide-elemental silver/magnetite nanohybrids for selected toxic heavy metals in aqueous solutions. APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE 2019; 471:8-17. [PMID: 32801406 PMCID: PMC7424532 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybridized with magnetite and/or elemental silver (rGO/magnetite, rGO/silver, and rGO/magnetite/silver) nanoparticles were evaluated as potential adsorbents for toxic heavy metal ions (Cd (II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II)). Although the deposition of iron oxide and silver nanoparticles on the rGO nanosheets played an inhibitory role in metal ion adsorption, the metal adsorption efficiency by the nanohybrids (NHs) was still higher than that reported for many other sorbents (e.g., activated biochar, commercial resins, and nanosized hydrated Zr(IV) oxide particles). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed that complexation with deprotonated adsorbents and cation exchange was an important mechanism for Cd(II) ion removal by the rGO and NHs. Competitive adsorption tests using multi metals showed that the adsorption affinity of metal ions on the rGO and its NHs follows the order (Cu(II), Zn(II)) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > (Pb(II), Cd(II)), which is similar to the order observed for single-metal adsorption experiments. These results can be explained by the destabilization abilities of the rGO and NHs, as well as the ionic radii of the considered metal ions. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using rGO-based NHs as highly efficient adsorbents for heavy metal removal from water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- National Research Council Resident Research Associate at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Resident Research Associate at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Jonghun Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon, 495 Hogook-ro, Gokyungmeon, Youngcheon, Gyeongbuk 38900, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Heo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon, 495 Hogook-ro, Gokyungmeon, Youngcheon, Gyeongbuk 38900, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunming Su
- Groundwater, Watershed, and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
- Corresponding author. (C.M. Park), (C. Su)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park CM, Heo J, Wang D, Su C, Yoon Y. Heterogeneous activation of persulfate by reduced graphene oxide-elemental silver/magnetite nanohybrids for the oxidative degradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in water. APPLIED CATALYSIS. B, ENVIRONMENTAL 2018; 225:91-99. [PMID: 32704206 PMCID: PMC7376738 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide hybridized with zero-valent silver and magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) (rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 nanohybrids) prepared via in situ nucleation and crystallization was used to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) for degradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds (phenol, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, bisphenol A, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinyl estradiol). The deposition of Ag0 and Fe3O4 in rGO nanosheet enhanced the catalytic removal of phenol in the heterogeneous activation of PDS. The adsorption capacities of rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 for 10 μM phenol were 1.76, 1.33, and 2.04 μmol g-1-adsorbent at pH 4, 7, and 10, respectively, which are much higher than those of single NPs studied (Ag0, nanoscale zero-valent iron, and rGO). The rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 effectively activated PDS to produce strong oxidizing SO4·and facilitate an electron transfer on the surface of the nanohybrid. The initial pseudo-first-order rate (k ini) constant for phenol degradation in PDS/rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 system was 0.46 h-1 at pH 7, which is approximately eight times higher than that in the presence of single NPs (k ini = 0.04-0.06 h-1) due to the synergistic effects between adsorption and catalytic oxidation. Among various organic contaminants tested, the simultaneous use of rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 (0.1 g/L) and PDS (1 mM) achieved more than 99% degradation of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol at pH 7. The radical scavenging studies with methanol and natural organic matter indicated that phenol was more likely to be degraded via free SO4·- and ·OH formation or a non-radical oxidative pathway. Our findings indicate that the rGO-Ag0/Fe O nanohybrids can be used as an efficient magnetically-separable nanocatalyst for removal of organic compounds in water and wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
- National Research Council Research Associate at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Jiyong Heo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon, 495 Hogook-ro, Gokyungmeon, Youngcheon, Gyeongbuk 38900, South Korea
| | - Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Research Associate at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Chunming Su
- Groundwater, Watershed and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, 300 Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|