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Zhu Q, Zhai J, Chen Z, Guo Z, Wang N, Zhang C, Deng H, Wang S, Yang G. Ferritinophagy: Molecular mechanisms and role in disease. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155553. [PMID: 39180800 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Ferritinophagy is a regulatory pathway of iron homeostasis. It is a process in which nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) carries ferritin to autophagolysosomes for degradation. After ferritin is degraded by autophagy, iron ions are released, which promotes the labile iron pool (LIP) to drive the Fenton reaction to cause lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, ferroptosis promoted by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by ferritinophagy can cause a variety of systemic diseases. In clinical studies, targeting the genes regulating ferritinophagy can prevent and treat such diseases. This article describes the key regulatory factors of ferritinophagy and the mechanism of ferritinophagy involved in ferroptosis. It also reviews the damage of ferritinophagy to the body, providing a theoretical basis for further finding clinical treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jianan Zhai
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhengguo Chen
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhifang Guo
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Haoyuan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, No. 9W. Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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Zhao L, Li Y, Wang W, Qi X, Wang S, Song W, Li T, Gao W. Regulating NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy for Therapeutic Intervention in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1806-1822. [PMID: 38713437 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke presents a global health challenge, necessitating an in-depth comprehension of its pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. While reperfusion therapy salvages brain tissue, it also triggers detrimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). In our investigation, we observed the activation of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy in an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model using HT22 cells (P < 0.05). This activation contributed to oxidative stress (P < 0.05), enhanced autophagy (P < 0.05) and cell death (P < 0.05) during CIRI. Silencing NCOA4 effectively mitigated OGD/R-induced damage (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that targeting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy held promise for preventing and treating CIRI. Subsequently, we substantiated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway effectively regulated the NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, by applying the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 and performing NCOA4 overexpression (P < 0.05). Suppressing the cGAS-STING pathway efficiently curtailed ferritinophagy (P < 0.05), oxidative stress (P < 0.05), and cell damage (P < 0.05) of CIRI, while NCOA4 overexpression could alleviate this effect (P < 0.05). Finally, we elucidated the specific molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) on CIRI. Our findings revealed that DFO alleviated hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in HT22 cells through inhibiting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and reducing ferrous ion levels (P < 0.05). However, the protective effects of DFO were counteracted by cGAS overexpression (P < 0.05). In summary, our results indicated that the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway intensified cerebral damage during CIRI by inducing NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy. Administering the iron chelator DFO effectively attenuated NCOA4-induced ferritinophagy, thereby alleviating CIRI. Nevertheless, the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in CIRI regulation likely involves intricate mechanisms, necessitating further validation in subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xue Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wenqin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Skin Medical Cosmetology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Wenwei Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Xu W, Wu Y, Wang S, Hu S, Wang Y, Zhou W, Chen Y, Li Q, Zhu L, Yang H, Lv X. Melatonin alleviates septic ARDS by inhibiting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy in alveolar macrophages. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:253. [PMID: 38789436 PMCID: PMC11126704 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death which can exacerbate lung injury in septic acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Alveolar macrophages, crucial innate immune cells, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ARDS. Ferritinophagy is a process of ferritin degradation mediated by nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) which releases large amounts of iron ions thus promoting ferroptosis. Recent evidence revealed that inhibiting macrophage ferroptosis can effectively attenuate pulmonary inflammatory injury. Melatonin (MT), an endogenous neurohormone, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and can reduce septic ARDS. However, it is not clear whether MT's pulmonary protective effect is related to the inhibition of macrophage ferritinophagy. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that MT decreased intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA), Fe2+, and lipid peroxidation levels, increased glutathione (GSH) levels and cell proliferation, and upregulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) protein levels in LPS-treated macrophages. Mechanistically, the antiferroptotic effect of MT on LPS-treated macrophages was significantly compromised by the overexpression of NCOA4. Our in vivo experiments revealed that MT alleviated the protein expression of NCOA4 and FTH1 in the alveolar macrophages of septic mice. Furthermore, MT improved lipid peroxidation and mitigated damage in alveolar macrophages and lung tissue, ultimately increasing the survival rates of septic mice. These findings indicate that MT can inhibit ferroptosis in an NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy manner, thereby ameliorating septic ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 236000, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanfu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Ge S, Jing Z, Wang L, Cui X, Zhang X, Wang X. Iron Metabolism and Ferroptosis in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04218-0. [PMID: 38777982 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
At present, it appears that the prognosis for subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), which has a high death and disability rate, cannot be greatly improved by medication or other treatment. Recent research suggests that different types of cell death are implicated in early brain injury (EBI) after SAH, and this has been recognised as a major factor impacting the prognosis of SAH. Ferroptosis, which is a recently identified imbalance of iron metabolism and programmed cell death triggered by phospholipid peroxidation, has been shown to be involved in EBI after SAH and is thought to have a significant impact on EBI. The decomposition of cleaved haemoglobin during SAH involves the release of enormous amounts of free iron, resulting in iron metabolism disorders. Potential therapeutic targets for the signalling pathways of iron metabolism disorders and ferroptosis after SAH are constantly being discovered. To serve as a guide for research into other possible therapeutic targets, this paper will briefly describe the mechanisms of dysregulated iron metabolism and ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of SAH and highlight how they are involved in the development and promotion of EBI in SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Ziwen Jing
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lele Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaocong Cui
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Wang D, Wu Y, Zhou X, Liang C, Ma Y, Yuan Q, Wu Z, Hao X, Zhu X, Li X, Shi J, Chen J, Fan H. Cadmium exposure induced neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive deficits via the mtROS-ferritinophagy pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123958. [PMID: 38621452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental cadmium (Cd) is known to cause neuronal death and cognitive decline in humans. Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent type of regulated cell death, is involved in various neurological disorders. In the present study, Cd exposure triggered ferroptosis in the mouse hippocampus and in the HT22 murine hippocampal neuronal cell line, as indicated by significant increases in ferroptotic marker expression, intracellular iron levels, and lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons in response to Cd exposure relied on the induction of autophagy since the suppression of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ) substantially ameliorated Cd-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated degradation of ferritin was required for the Cd-induced ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons, demonstrating that NCOA4 knockdown decreased intracellular iron levels and lipid peroxidation and increased cell survival, following Cd exposure. Moreover, Cd-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation was essential for the ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons. Importantly, pretreatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) effectively attenuated Cd-induced hippocampal neuronal death and cognitive impairment in mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that ferroptosis is a novel mechanism underlying Cd-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment and that the mtROS-ferritinophagy axis modulates Cd-induced neuronal ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yiran Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yilu Ma
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Henan Province Rongkang Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziyue Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xueqin Hao
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Junliang Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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Peng Z, Ding YN, Yang ZM, Li XJ, Zhuang Z, Lu Y, Tang QS, Hang CH, Li W. Neuron-targeted liposomal coenzyme Q10 attenuates neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage by activating the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1/coenzyme Q10 system. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:325-339. [PMID: 38561074 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. SAH disrupts the blood‒brain barrier, leading to the release of iron ions from blood within the subarachnoid space, subsequently inducing neuronal ferroptosis. A recently discovered protein, known as ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis. In our investigation, we observed an increase in FSP1 levels following SAH. However, the depletion of CoQ10 caused by SAH hindered the biological function of FSP1. Therefore, we created neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 by introducing the neuron-targeting peptide Tet1 onto the surface of liposomal CoQ10. Our objective was to determine whether this formulation could activate the FSP1 system and subsequently inhibit neuronal ferroptosis. Our findings revealed that neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 effectively localized to neurons at the lesion site after SAH. Furthermore, it facilitated the upregulation of FSP1, reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, inhibited neuronal ferroptosis, and exerted neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides evidence that supplementation with CoQ10 can effectively activate the FSP1 system. Additionally, we developed a neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 formulation that can be selectively delivered to neurons at the site of SAH. This innovative approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neuronal ferroptosis following SAH. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis. In our investigation, we observed an increase in FSP1 levels following SAH. However, the depletion of CoQ10 caused by SAH hindered the biological function of FSP1. Therefore, we created neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10. We find that it effectively localized to neurons at the lesion site after SAH and activated the FSP1/CoQ10 system. This innovative approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neuronal ferroptosis following SAH and other central nervous system diseases characterized by disruption of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Ding
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | | | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiu-Sha Tang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Fu W, Che X, Tan J, Cui S, Ma Y, Xu D, Long H, Yang X, Wen T, He Z. Rasd1 is involved in white matter injury through neuron-oligodendrocyte communication after subarachnoid hemorrhage. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14452. [PMID: 37735980 PMCID: PMC10916428 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Rasd1 has been reported to be correlated with neurotoxicity, metabolism, and rhythm, but its effect in case of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remained unclear. White matter injury (WMI) and ferroptosis participate in the early brain injury (EBI) after SAH. In this work, we have investigated whether Rasd1 can cause ferroptosis and contribute to SAH-induced WMI. METHODS Lentivirus for Rasd1 knockdown/overexpression was administrated by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection at 7 days before SAH induction. SAH grade, brain water content, short- and long-term neurobehavior, Western blot, real-time PCR, ELISA, biochemical estimation, immunofluorescence, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were systematically performed. Additionally, genipin, a selective uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) inhibitor, was used in primary neuron and oligodendrocyte co-cultures for further in vitro mechanistic studies. RESULTS Rasd1 knockdown has improved the neurobehavior, glia polarization, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, ferroptosis, and demyelination. Conversely, Rasd1 overexpression aggravated these changes by elevating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cytokines, MDA, free iron, and NCOA4, as well as contributing to the decrease of the levels of UCP2, GPX4, ferritin, and GSH mechanistically. According to the in vitro study, Rasd1 can induce oligodendrocyte ferroptosis through inhibiting UCP2, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activating NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that Rasd1 exerts a modulated role in oligodendrocytes ferroptosis in WMI following SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiao Fu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xudong Che
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiahe Tan
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shizhen Cui
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yinrui Ma
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Daiqi Xu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Haibo Long
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Tangmin Wen
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhaohui He
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Kang J, Tian S, Zhang L, Yang G. Ferroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage: review of literature. Chin Neurosurg J 2024; 10:6. [PMID: 38347652 PMCID: PMC10863120 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-024-00357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), mainly caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms, is a serious acute cerebrovascular disease. Early brain injury (EBI) is all brain injury occurring within 72 h after SAH, mainly including increased intracranial pressure, decreased cerebral blood flow, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, brain edema, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. It activates cell death pathways, leading to neuronal and glial cell death, and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides and is involved in the process of neuron and glial cell death in early brain injury. This paper reviews the research progress of ferroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage and provides new ideas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Kang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shilai Tian
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China
| | - Gang Yang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China.
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Liang Y, Wang Y, Sun C, Xiang Y, Deng Y. Deferoxamine reduces endothelial ferroptosis and protects cerebrovascular function after experimental traumatic brain injury. Brain Res Bull 2024; 207:110878. [PMID: 38218407 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular dysfunction resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) significantly contributes to poor patient outcomes. Recent studies revealed the involvement of iron metabolism in neuronal survival, yet its effect on vasculature remains unclear. This study aims to explore the impact of endothelial ferroptosis on cerebrovascular function in TBI. A Controlled Cortical Impact (CCI) model was established in mice, resulting in a significant increase in iron-related proteins such as TfR1, FPN1, and FTH, as well as oxidative stress biomarker 4HNE. This was accompanied by a decline in expression of the ferroptosis inhibitor GPX4. Moreover, Perls' staining and nonhemin iron content assay showed iron overload in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and the ipsilateral cortex. Immunofluorescence staining revealed more FTH-positive cerebral endothelial cells, consistent with impaired perfusion vessel density and cerebral blood flow. As a specific iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFO) treatment inhibited such ferroptotic proteins expression and the accumulation of lipid-reactive oxygen species following CCI, enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. DFO treatment significantly reduced iron deposition in BMECs and brain tissue, and increased density of the cerebral capillaries as well. Consequently, DFO treatment led to improvements in cerebral blood flow (as measured by laser speckle imaging) and behavioral performance (as measured by the neurological severity scores, rotarod test, and Morris water maze test). Taken together, our results indicated that TBI induces remarkable iron disorder and endothelial ferroptosis, and DFO treatment may help maintain iron homeostasis and protect vascular function. This may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent cerebrovascular dysfunction following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanglingxi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongbing Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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Hu J, Cheng M, Jiang C, Liu L, He Z, Liu L, Yao Y, Li Z, Wang Q. Deferoxamine Mitigates Ferroptosis and Inflammation in Hippocampal Neurons After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Activating the Nrf2/TXNRD1 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1044-1060. [PMID: 37676391 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a distinct peroxidation-driven form of cell death tightly involved in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study delved into the mechanism of deferoxamine (DFO, an iron chelator) in SAH-induced ferroptosis and inflammation. SAH mouse models were established by endovascular perforation method and injected intraperitoneally with DFO, or intraventricularly injected with the Nrf2 pathway inhibitor ML385 before SAH, followed by detection of neurological function, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and brain water content. Apoptotic level of hippocampal neurons, symbolic changes of ferroptosis, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using TUNEL staining, Western blotting, colorimetry, and ELISA. The localization and expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were detected. HT22 cells were exposed to Hemin as in vitro SAH models and treated with FIN56 to induce ferroptosis, followed by evaluation of the effects of DFO on FIN56-treated HT22 cells. The regulation of Nrf2 in thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Moreover, HT22 cells were treated with DFO and ML385 to identify the role of DFO in the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis. DFO extenuated brain injury, and ferroptosis and inflammation in hippocampal neurons of SAH mice. Nrf2 localized at the CA1 region of hippocampal neurons, and DFO stimulated nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein in hippocampal neurons of SAH mice. Additionally, DFO inhibited ferroptosis and inflammatory responses in FIN56-induced HT22 cells. Nrf2 positively regulated TXNRD1 protein expression. Indeed, DFO alleviated FIN56-induced ferroptosis and inflammation via activation of the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis. DFO alleviated neurological deficits, BBB disruption, brain edema, and brain injury in mice after SAH by inhibiting hippocampal neuron ferroptosis via the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis. DFO ameliorates SAH-induced ferroptosis and inflammatory responses in hippocampal neurons by activating the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Meixiong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Chonggui Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongze He
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingtong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhili Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Yuan Z, Zhou X, Zou Y, Zhang B, Jian Y, Wu Q, Chen S, Zhang X. Hypoxia Aggravates Neuron Ferroptosis in Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via NCOA4-Meditated Ferritinophagy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2097. [PMID: 38136217 PMCID: PMC10740655 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of early brain injury (EBI) significantly contributes to the unfavorable prognosis observed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). During the process of EBI, a substantial quantity of iron permeates into the subarachnoid space and brain tissue, thereby raising concerns regarding its metabolism. To investigate the role and metabolic processes of excessive iron in neurons, we established both in vivo and in vitro models of SAH. We substantiated that ferritinophagy participates in iron metabolism disorders and promotes neuronal ferroptosis using an in vivo model, as detected by key proteins such as ferritin heavy chain 1, glutathione peroxidase 4, autophagy related 5, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), LC3B, and electron microscopy results. By interfering with NCOA4 expression in vitro and in vivo, we confirmed the pivotal role of elevated NCOA4 levels in ferritinophagy during EBI. Additionally, our in vitro experiments demonstrated that the addition of oxyhemoglobin alone did not result in a significant upregulation of NCOA4 expression. However, simultaneous addition of oxyhemoglobin and hypoxia exposure provoked a marked increase in NCOA4 expression and heightened ferritinophagy in HT22 cells. Using YC-1 to inhibit hypoxia signaling in in vitro and in vitro models effectively attenuated neuronal ferroptosis. Collectively, we found that the hypoxic microenvironment during the process of EBI exaggerates iron metabolism abnormalities, leading to poor prognoses in SAH. The findings also offer a novel and potentially effective foundation for the treatment of SAH, with the aim of alleviating hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Bingtao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Yao Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
- Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Shujuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China; (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (Y.J.); (Q.W.); (S.C.)
- Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
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12
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Huang R, Wu J, Ma Y, Kang K. Molecular Mechanisms of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Viral Pathogenesis. Viruses 2023; 15:2373. [PMID: 38140616 PMCID: PMC10747891 DOI: 10.3390/v15122373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novelty form of regulated cell death, and it is mainly characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation in the cells. Its underlying mechanism is related to the amino acid, iron, and lipid metabolisms. During viral infection, pathogenic microorganisms have evolved to interfere with ferroptosis, and ferroptosis is often manipulated by viruses to regulate host cell servicing for viral reproduction. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, elucidates the intricate signaling pathways involved, and explores the pivotal role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of viral infections. By enhancing our understanding of ferroptosis, novel therapeutic strategies can be devised to effectively prevent and treat diseases associated with this process. Furthermore, unraveling the developmental mechanisms through which viral infections exploit ferroptosis will facilitate development of innovative antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riwei Huang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (R.H.); (J.W.); (Y.M.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (R.H.); (J.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yaodan Ma
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (R.H.); (J.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kai Kang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (R.H.); (J.W.); (Y.M.)
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13
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Baeva ME, Camara-Lemarroy C. The role of autophagy protein Atg5 in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:105029. [PMID: 37778158 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease which has a strong autoimmune component to its pathology. Although there are currently many approved immunomodulatory treatments that reduce the rate of relapse and slow down the progression of the disease, the cure is still elusive. This may be due to the underlying etiology still being unknown. Autophagy is the potential link between neurodegeneration and autoimmunity. Specifically, this review will focus on the autophagy protein Atg5 and examine the in vitro cell culture, animal and human studies that have examined its expression and effects in the context of MS. The findings of these investigations are summarized, and a model is proposed in which elevated Atg5 levels leads to dysfunctional autophagy, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and eventually clinical disability. While there are currently no drugs that specifically target Atg5, our review recommends that further investigations into the role that Atg5 plays in MS pathophysiology may eventually lead to the development of autophagy-specific treatments of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Elizabeth Baeva
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada.
| | - Carlos Camara-Lemarroy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
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14
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Wang Y, Wu S, Li Q, Sun H, Wang H. Pharmacological Inhibition of Ferroptosis as a Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Strokes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300325. [PMID: 37341302 PMCID: PMC10460905 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis, a unique regulated cell death modality that is morphologically and mechanistically different from other forms of cell death, plays a vital role in the pathophysiological process of neurodegenerative diseases, and strokes. Accumulating evidence supports ferroptosis as a critical factor of neurodegenerative diseases and strokes, and pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for these diseases. In this review article, the core mechanisms of ferroptosis are overviewed and the roles of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases and strokes are described. Finally, the emerging findings in treating neurodegenerative diseases and strokes through pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis are described. This review demonstrates that pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis by bioactive small-molecule compounds (ferroptosis inhibitors) could be effective for treatments of these diseases, and highlights a potential promising therapeutic avenue that could be used to prevent neurodegenerative diseases and strokes. This review article will shed light on developing novel therapeutic regimens by pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis to slow down the progression of these diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAerospace Center HospitalPeking University Aerospace School of Clinical MedicineBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of NeurologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430000P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng024005P. R. China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Chifeng University Health Science CenterChifeng024000P. R. China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin300060P. R. China
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15
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Deng X, Wu Y, Hu Z, Wang S, Zhou S, Zhou C, Gao X, Huang Y. The mechanism of ferroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191826. [PMID: 37266433 PMCID: PMC10229825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a cerebrovascular accident with an acute onset, severe disease characteristics, and poor prognosis. Within 72 hours after the occurrence of SAH, a sequence of pathological changes occur in the body including blood-brain barrier breakdown, cerebral edema, and reduced cerebrovascular flow that are defined as early brain injury (EBI), and it has been demonstrated that EBI exhibits an obvious correlation with poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a novel programmed cell death mode. Ferroptosis is induced by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ferroptosis involves abnormal iron metabolism, glutathione depletion, and lipid peroxidation. Recent study revealed that ferroptosis is involved in EBI and is significantly correlated with poor prognosis. With the gradual realization of the importance of ferroptosis, an increasing number of studies have been conducted to examine this process. This review summarizes the latest work in this field and tracks current research progress. We focused on iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, reduction systems centered on the GSH/GPX4 system, other newly discovered GSH/GPX4-independent antioxidant systems, and their related targets in the context of early brain injury. Additionally, we examined certain ferroptosis regulatory mechanisms that have been studied in other fields but not in SAH. A link between death and oxidative stress has been described. Additionally, we highlight the future research direction of ferroptosis in EBI of SAH, and this provides new ideas for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziliang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiyi Wang
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Fu K, Xu W, Lenahan C, Mo Y, Wen J, Deng T, Huang Q, Guo F, Mo L, Yan J. Autophagy regulates inflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage: Enemy or friend? Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 16:1036313. [PMID: 36726453 PMCID: PMC9884704 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1036313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second-largest stroke subtype and has a high mortality and disability rate. Secondary brain injury (SBI) is delayed after ICH. The main contributors to SBI are inflammation, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity. Harmful substances from blood and hemolysis, such as hemoglobin, thrombin, and iron, induce SBI. When cells suffer stress, a critical protective mechanism called "autophagy" help to maintain the homeostasis of damaged cells, remove harmful substances or damaged organelles, and recycle them. Autophagy plays a critical role in the pathology of ICH, and its function remains controversial. Several lines of evidence demonstrate a pro-survival role for autophagy in ICH by facilitating the removal of damaged proteins and organelles. However, many studies have found that heme and iron can aggravate SBI by enhancing autophagy. Autophagy and inflammation are essential culprits in the progression of brain injury. It is a fascinating hypothesis that autophagy regulates inflammation in ICH-induced SBI. Autophagy could degrade and clear pro-IL-1β and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) to antagonize NLRP3-mediated inflammation. In addition, mitophagy can remove endogenous activators of inflammasomes, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory components, and cytokines, in damaged mitochondria. However, many studies support the idea that autophagy activates microglia and aggravates microglial inflammation via the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. In addition, autophagy can promote ICH-induced SBI through inflammasome-dependent NLRP6-mediated inflammation. Moreover, some resident cells in the brain are involved in autophagy in regulating inflammation after ICH. Some compounds or therapeutic targets that regulate inflammation by autophagy may represent promising candidates for the treatment of ICH-induced SBI. In conclusion, the mutual regulation of autophagy and inflammation in ICH is worth exploring. The control of inflammation by autophagy will hopefully prove to be an essential treatment target for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijing Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Yong Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Rheumatism, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Teng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Qianrong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Fangzhou Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Ligen Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China,Ligen Mo,
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Jun Yan,
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17
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Wu Y, Sun Y, Wang X, Zhu C. The Regulated Cell Death and Potential Interventions in Preterm Infants after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1488-1503. [PMID: 36397619 PMCID: PMC10472811 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221117155209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in preterm infants is one of the major co-morbidities of preterm birth and is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental deficits. There are currently no widely accepted treatments to prevent ICH or therapies for the neurological sequelae. With studies broadening the scope of cell death, the newly defined concept of regulated cell death has enriched our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of secondary brain injury after ICH and has suggested potential interventions in preterm infants. In this review, we will summarize the current evidence for regulated cell death pathways in preterm infants after ICH, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and PANoptosis as well as several potential intervention strategies that may protect the immature brain from secondary injury after ICH through regulating regulated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Centre for Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Guo L, Zhang Q, Liu Y. The role of microRNAs in ferroptosis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1003045. [PMID: 36310600 PMCID: PMC9596748 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1003045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of programmed cell death, which is closely related to the imbalance of iron metabolism and oxidative stress. Ferroptosis has become an important research topic in the fields of cardiomyopathy, tumors, neuronal injury disorders, and ischemia perfusion disorders. As an important part of non-coding RNA, microRNAs regulate various metabolic pathways in the human body at the post-transcriptional level and play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of many diseases. The present review introduces the mechanisms of ferroptosis and describes the relevant pathways by which microRNAs affect cardiomyopathy, tumors, neuronal injury disorders and ischemia perfusion disorders through regulating ferroptosis. In addition, it provides important insights into ferroptosis-related microRNAs, aiming to uncover new methods for treatment of the above diseases, and discusses new ideas for the implementation of possible microRNA-based ferroptosis-targeted therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, NanChang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingkun Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, NanChang, China
| | - Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, NanChang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuehui Liu,
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19
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Li R, Zhao M, Yao D, Zhou X, Lenahan C, Wang L, Ou Y, He Y. The role of the astrocyte in subarachnoid hemorrhage and its therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008795. [PMID: 36248855 PMCID: PMC9556431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an important public health concern with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. SAH induces cell death, blood−brain barrier (BBB) damage, brain edema and oxidative stress. As the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system, astrocytes play an essential role in brain damage and recovery following SAH. This review describes astrocyte activation and polarization after SAH. Astrocytes mediate BBB disruption, glymphatic–lymphatic system dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cell death after SAH. Furthermore, astrocytes engage in abundant crosstalk with other brain cells, such as endothelial cells, neurons, pericytes, microglia and monocytes, after SAH. In addition, astrocytes also exert protective functions in SAH. Finally, we summarize evidence regarding therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating astrocyte function following SAH, which could provide some new leads for future translational therapy to alleviate damage after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Operating room, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibo Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yue He,
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Sikka P, Behl T, Chandel P, Sehgal A, Singh S, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Alhazmi HA, Meraya AM. Scrutinizing the Therapeutic Promise of Purinergic Receptors Targeting Depression. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1570-1585. [PMID: 35930172 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antidepressant use has resulted in a variety of negative consequences, including permanent brain damage and erectile dysfunction. So, the purpose lies in developing something more productive with minimal side effects and consequently improved efficacy. A growing body of evidences indicated a remarkable purinergic signalling system, which helped in dealing with this complication. This has been found to be a powerful formula in dealing with psychiatric disorders. P1 (adenosine), P2X, and P2Y (ATP) are the receptors, involved in the pathology as well as exhibiting the therapeutic action by triggering the purinergic pathway. It was found that A2A and P2X7 receptors specifically were involved and recognized as possible targets for treating depression. Further, the development of biomarkers for the diagnosis of depression has also been attributed to accelerate the process. One such biomarker includes serum uric acid. Many clinical studies reveal the importance of antagonizing P2X7 and A2A receptors, for promising research in understanding the molecular premises of depression. However, further investigations are still needed to be done to open several unfolded mysteries for a better and safe upshot. The selective antagonists for A2A and P2X7 receptors may have antidepressant effects showing positive results, in agreement with non-clinical testing. In this review, efforts are being devoted to the targeted receptors in bringing out antidepressant effects with a possible link involving depression and defined purinergic signalling. Additionally, the overview of various receptors, including their functions and distribution, is being explored in a representative way along with the biomarkers involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshi Sikka
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Parteek Chandel
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Hafiz A Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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21
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The role of autophagy and apoptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10775-10782. [PMID: 35819555 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a worldwide devastating type of stroke with high mortality and morbidity. Accumulating evidence show early brain injury (EBI) as the leading cause of mortality after SAH. The pathological processes involved in EBI include decreased cerebral blood flow, increased intracranial pressure, vasospasm, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. In addition, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy have also been proposed to contribute to EBI. Among the various processes involved in EBI, neuronal apoptosis has been proven to be a key factor contributing to the poor prognosis of SAH patients. Meanwhile, as another important catabolic process maintaining the cellular and tissue homeostasis, autophagy has been shown to be neuroprotective after SAH. Studies have shown that enhancing autophagy reduced apoptosis, whereas inhibiting autophagy aggravate neuronal apoptosis after SAH. The physiological substrates and mechanisms of neuronal autophagy and apoptosis by which defects in neuronal function are largely unknown. In this review, we summarize and discuss the role of autophagy and apoptosis after SAH and contribute to further study for investigation of the means to control the balance between them.
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Cao C, Xu Z, Lu J, Shen H, Li X, Li H, Wu J, Chen G. Aquaporin 4 Depolarization-Enhanced Transferrin Infiltration Leads to Neuronal Ferroptosis after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8808677. [PMID: 35761873 PMCID: PMC9233479 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8808677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The infiltration of blood components into the brain parenchyma through the lymphoid system is an important cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage injury. AQP4, a water channel protein located at the astrocyte foot, has been reported to regulate blood-brain barrier integrity, and its polarization is disrupted after SAH. Neuronal ferroptosis is involved in subarachnoid hemorrhage- (SAH-) induced brain injury, but the inducing factors are not completely clear. Transferrin is one of the inducing factors of ferroptosis. This study is aimed at researching the role and mechanism of AQP4 in brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. An experimental mouse SAH model was established by endovascular perforation. An AAV vector encoding AQP4 with a GFAP-specific promoter was administered to mice to achieve specific overexpression of AQP4 in astrocytes. PI staining, Fer-1 intervention, and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect neuronal ferroptosis, and dextran (40 kD) leakage was used to detect BBB integrity. Western blot analysis of perfused brain tissue protein samples was used to detect transferrin infiltration. First, neuronal ferroptosis 24 h after SAH was observed by PI staining and Fer-1 intervention. Second, a significant increase in transferrin infiltration was found in the brain parenchyma 24 h after SAH modeling, while transferrin content was positively correlated with neuronal ferroptosis. Then, we observed that AQP4 overexpression effectively improved AQP depolarization and BBB injury induced by SAH and significantly reduced transferrin infiltration and neuronal ferroptosis after SAH. Finally, we found that AQP4 overexpression could effectively improve the neurobehavioral ability of SAH mice, and the neurobehavioral ability was negatively correlated with transferrin brain content. Taken together, these data indicate that overexpression of AQP4 in the mouse brain can effectively improve post-SAH neuronal ferroptosis and brain injury, at least partly by inhibiting transferrin infiltration into the brain parenchyma in the glymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Zongqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Chang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Zhongmou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Jinxin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street Suzhou Jiangsu Province 215006, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, China
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23
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Fang XL, Ding SY, Du XZ, Wang JH, Li XL. Ferroptosis—A Novel Mechanism With Multifaceted Actions on Stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:881809. [PMID: 35481263 PMCID: PMC9035991 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.881809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a neurological disease with high morbidity, disability, and mortality, the pathological mechanism underlying stroke involves complex processes such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and excitotoxicity; but the related research on these molecular mechanisms has not been effectively applied in clinical practice. As a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death, ferroptosis was first discovered in the pathological process of cancer, but recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the onset and development of stroke. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and stroke may lead to more effective treatment strategies. Herein, we reviewed the mechanism(s) underlying the onset of ferroptosis in stroke, the potential role of ferroptosis in stroke, and the crosstalk between ferroptosis and other pathological mechanisms. This will further deepen our understanding of ferroptosis and provide new approaches to the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Fang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shao-Yun Ding
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Zheng Du
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Zheng Du
| | - Jin-Hai Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Jin-Hai Wang
| | - Xing-Lan Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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Tetrandrine Ameliorates Traumatic Brain Injury by Regulating Autophagy to Reduce Ferroptosis. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1574-1587. [PMID: 35266084 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in trauma patients. However, the effects and mechanism of autophagy after TBI remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether tetrandrine could ameliorate TBI through autophagy to reduce ferroptosis. A mice model for TBI was implemented. Behavioral and histomorphological experiments were performed to evaluate outcomes of the mice. The ferroptosis levels was detected by Perls staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels in the brain tissue. Western blot test was performed to detect Beclin 1, light chain 3 (LC3) II/I, p62, GPX4, SCL7A11, and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) levels, and the expression of LC3B, Beclin 1, GPX4, and FTH1 in the brain tissue was detected by immunofluorescence (IF). The behavioral and histomorphological results demonstrated that tetrandrine improved the neurological function and cerebral edema on days 1, 3, and 7 after TBI. The ELISA results suggested that tetrandrine reduced the MDA concentration and increased GSH concentration on days 1, 3, and 7 after TBI. IF staining and Perls staining reflected that tetrandrine promoted autophagy and inhibited ferroptosis on days 1, 3, and 7 after TBI, respectively. Tetrandrine further improved the neurological function, cerebral edema, autophagy, and ferroptosis on days 1, 3, and 7 after TBI after adding the autophagy inducer rapamycin. The effect of TET in alleviating TBI increased with the increase of time and dose. Tetrandrine ameliorated TBI by regulating autophagy to reduce ferroptosis, providing a new therapeutic strategy for TBI.
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25
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Zhou Y, Lin W, Rao T, Zheng J, Zhang T, Zhang M, Lin Z. Ferroptosis and Its Potential Role in the Nervous System Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1555-1574. [PMID: 35264867 PMCID: PMC8901225 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s351799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel regulated cell death characterized by metabolic disorders and iron-dependent oxidative destruction of the lipid bilayer. It is primarily caused by the imbalance of oxidation and anti-oxidation in the body and is precisely regulated by numerous factors and pathways inside and outside the cell. Recent studies have indicated that ferroptosis plays a vital role in the pathophysiological process of multiple systems of the body including the nervous system. Ferroptosis may be closely linked to the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, strokes, and brain tumors. It may also be involved in the development, maturation, and aging of the nervous system. Therefore, this study aims to investigate ferroptosis’s occurrence and regulatory mechanism and summarize its research progress in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurological diseases. This would allow for novel ideas for basic and clinical research of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianlei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, Taizhou Women and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhenlang Lin, Email
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