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Tian B, Wang N, Yang J, Jiang Z, Feng Y, Wang T, Zhou L, Huang X, Hao H. Insight into the Manipulation Mechanism of Polymorphic Transformation by Polymers: A Case of Cimetidine. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1521-1531. [PMID: 38955998 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Employing polymer additives is an effective strategy to realize the manipulation of polymorphic transformation. However, the manipulation mechanism is still not clear, which limit the precise selection of polymeric excipients and the development of pharmaceutical formulations. METHODS The solubility of cimetidine (CIM) in acetonitrile/water mixtures were measured. And the polymorphic transformation from CIM form A to form B with the addition of different polymers was monitored by Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the manipulation effect of polymers was determined based on the results of experiments and molecular simulations. RESULTS The solubility of form A is consistently higher than that of form B, which indicate that form B is the thermodynamically stable form within the examined temperature range. The presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of a shorter chain length could have a stronger inhibitory effect on the phase transformation process of metastable form, whereas polyethylene glycol (PEG) had almost no impact. The nucleation kinetics experiments and molecular dynamic simulation results showed that only PVP molecules could significantly decrease the nucleation rate of CIM, due to the ability of reducing solute molecular diffusion and solute-solute molecular interaction. A combination of crystal growth rate measurements and calculations of the interaction energies between PVP and the crystal faces of CIM indicate that smaller molecular weight PVP can suppress crystal growth more effectively. CONCLUSION PVP K16-18 has more impact on the stabilization of CIM form A and inhibition of the phase transformation process. The manipulation mechanism of polymer additives in the polymorphic transformation of CIM was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiqian Tian
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jinyue Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhicheng Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yaoguang Feng
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, 315200, China.
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Mei H, Wang N, Wu D, Rong Q, Bai X, Huang X, Zhou L, Wang T, Hao H. Novel Pharmaceutical Cocrystals of Tegafur: Synthesis, Performance, and Theoretical Studies. Pharm Res 2024; 41:577-593. [PMID: 38291166 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tegafur (TF) is one of the most important clinical antitumor drugs with poor water solubility, severely reducing its bioavailability. This work develops new cocrystals to improve the solubility of TF and systematically investigates the intermolecular interactions to provide new insights into the formation of cocrystal and changes in physicochemical properties. METHOD In this paper, two new 1:1 cocrystals of TF with 2,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4HBA) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) were synthesized. The cocrystal products were identified and characterized by various solid state analysis techniques. And the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was conducted to determine the solubility and dissolution rate of TF and cocrystals. Moreover, the quantum chemistry calculations of crystal structure provided theoretical support for the results. RESULT Compared with pure TF, the solubility and dissolution rate of TF-2,4HBA is significantly increased in a pH 6.8 buffer at 37°C. Under accelerated storage conditions (40°C, 75% RH), all cocrystal exhibits excellent stability over 8 weeks. Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis, atoms in molecules (AIM) analysis, interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis, molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEPS) analysis and frontier molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) analysis were integrated to understand the hydrogen bonding interaction more comprehensively. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results show that the analysis of physical and chemical properties of TF-PNP cocrystal and TF crystal by quantum chemistry method is reliable at molecular level. CONCLUSION These results are helpful to provide guiding methods in the cocrystal development and theoretical study of tegafur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Mei
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Rong
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
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Zheng Z, Huang X, Wang N, Wang T, Zhou L, Xu Z, Chen G, Cao W, Hao H. Hydration Mechanism and Its Effect on the Solubility of Aripiprazole. Pharm Res 2024; 41:113-127. [PMID: 37833571 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
PROPOSE The propose is to investigate the reasons for the insolubility of Form III in water and to explore the mechanism of the hydration process of Form III. METHODS The conformational and cohesive energies of Form III and Form H1 were calculated using Gaussian 16 and Crystal Explorer 17. Gaussian 16 and Multiwfn 3.8 was used to calculate the molecular surface electrostatic potential of Form III and Form H1 and to calculate the energies of the stronger intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure. The behaviors of Form III in water were simulated using Gromacs 2020.6. Finally, the hydration process from Form III to Form H1 was monitored in situ using Raman spectroscopy. RESULTS The conformational energies of Form III and H1 are almost the same. The cohesion energy of Form H1 is much larger than that of Form III because both number of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions are higher in the Form H1. During the simulation, the supercell of APZ form a supramolecular cluster. Several molecules manually dismantled from the cluster spontaneously combine to form new molecular clusters. Both increases in temperature and external energy input accelerate the hydration process. CONCLUSIONS More hydrogen bonds and strong van der Waals interactions in Form H1 lead to a greater stability. The overall decrease in polarity and the strong binding effect on APZ molecule clusters due to intermolecular interactions lead to the water insolubility of Form III. The hydration process from Form III to Form H1 follows a novel, dandelion sowing-like hydration mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zheng
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xin Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Na Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhao Xu
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guibin Chen
- Zhejiang Sundoc Pharmaceutical Science and Tech Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China, 310051, Zhejiang
| | - Wan Cao
- Zhejiang Sundoc Pharmaceutical Science and Tech Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China, 310051, Zhejiang
| | - Hongxun Hao
- The National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Choi JC, Kang JH, Kim DW, Park CW. Preparation and Evaluation of Inhalable Amifostine Microparticles Using Wet Ball Milling. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1696. [PMID: 37376145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The conventional dosage form of Ethyol® (amifostine), a sterile lyophilized powder, involves reconstituting it with 9.7 mL of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride in accordance with the United States Pharmacopeia specifications for intravenous infusion. The purpose of this study was to develop inhalable microparticles of amifostine (AMF) and compare the physicochemical properties and inhalation efficiency of AMF microparticles prepared by different methods (jet milling and wet ball milling) and different solvents (methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and toluene). Inhalable microparticles of AMF dry powder were prepared using a wet ball-milling process with polar and non-polar solvents to improve their efficacy when delivered through the pulmonary route. The wet ball-milling process was performed as follows: AMF (10 g), zirconia balls (50 g), and solvent (20 mL) were mixed and placed in a cylindrical stainless-steel jar. Wet ball milling was performed at 400 rpm for 15 min. The physicochemical properties and aerodynamic characteristics of the prepared samples were evaluated. The physicochemical properties of wet-ball-milled microparticles (WBM-M and WBM-E) using polar solvents were confirmed. Aerodynamic characterization was not used to measure the % fine particle fraction (% FPF) value in the raw AMF. The % FPF value of JM was 26.9 ± 5.8%. The % FPF values of the wet-ball-milled microparticles WBM-M and WBM-E prepared using polar solvents were 34.5 ± 0.2% and 27.9 ± 0.7%, respectively; while the % FPF values of the wet-ball-milled microparticles WBM-C and WBM-T prepared using non-polar solvents were 45.5 ± 0.6% and 44.7 ± 0.3%, respectively. Using a non-polar solvent in the wet ball-milling process resulted in a more homogeneous and stable crystal form of the fine AMF powder than using a polar solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Cheol Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Woong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
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