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Li M, Beaumont VA, Akbar S, Duncan H, Creasy A, Wang W, Sackett K, Marzilli L, Rouse JC, Kim HY. Comprehensive characterization of higher order structure changes in methionine oxidized monoclonal antibodies via NMR chemometric analysis and biophysical approaches. MAbs 2024; 16:2292688. [PMID: 38117548 PMCID: PMC10761137 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2292688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The higher order structure (HOS) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is an important quality attribute with strong contribution to clinically relevant biological functions and drug safety. Due to the multi-faceted nature of HOS, the synergy of multiple complementary analytical approaches can substantially improve the understanding, accuracy, and resolution of HOS characterization. In this study, we applied one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometric analysis, as well as circular dichroism (CD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and fluorescence spectroscopy as orthogonal methods, to characterize the impact of methionine (Met) oxidation on the HOS of an IgG1 mAb. We used a forced degradation method involving concentration-dependent oxidation by peracetic acid, in which Met oxidation is site-specifically quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Conventional biophysical techniques report nuanced results, in which CD detects no change to the secondary structure and little change in the tertiary structure. Yet, DSC measurements show the destabilization of Fab and Fc domains due to Met oxidation. More importantly, our study demonstrates that 1D and 2D NMR and chemometric analysis can provide semi-quantitative analysis of chemical modifications and resolve localized conformational changes with high sensitivity. Furthermore, we leveraged a novel 15N-Met labeling technique of the antibody to directly observe structural perturbations at the oxidation sites. The NMR methods described here to probe HOS changes are highly reliable and practical in biopharmaceutical characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Li
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Victor A. Beaumont
- Pfizer, Inc. Pharmaceutical Sciences Small Molecules, Analytical Research and Development, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Shahajahan Akbar
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Duncan
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Arch Creasy
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bioprocess Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Wenge Wang
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bioprocess Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Kelly Sackett
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Marzilli
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Jason C. Rouse
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Hai-Young Kim
- Pfizer, Inc. BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
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