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de Souza Rodrigues J, Ventura RB, da Silva Santos RT, Bacha AL, Gratão PL, Grey TL, da Costa Aguiar Alves PL. Effect of subdoses of sugarcane ripeners on lettuce physiology in a drift scenario. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:575-584. [PMID: 33755842 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the physiological effects of ripeners in sensitive crops, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of subdoses of the ripeners glyphosate, trinexapac-ethyl and sulfometuron methyl commonly used in sugarcane, in the growth of lettuce cultivar 'Lucy Brown' and 'Vanda'. To address the effects of the products in the lettuce physiology, analyses of fresh weight, dry weight, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, quantum efficiency of photosystem II, lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) were performed. We observed that among the products tested, glyphosate had minor impact on plant growth, compared to trinexapac-ethyl and sulfometuron methyl. All products induced a decrease in chlorophyll content for both cultivars. Chlorophyll A fluorescence suffered a major reduction with trinexapac-ethyl and sulfometuron methyl in 'Vanda' and no differences were observed for 'Lucy Brown'. MDA content and enzyme quantification varied by cultivar and the sugarcane ripener tested. By disturbing chlorophyll content and quantum efficiency of photosystem II, through these sugarcane ripeners did not have direct mode of action affecting photosystem II, they can cause some level of damage and activate different mechanisms and at different times, in response to stress. In this sense, it is possible to observe that reduced doses of glyphosate, trinexapac ethyl, and sulfometuron methyl affect the development of lettuce at different levels and trigger an oxidative response that was cultivar dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Souza Rodrigues
- UNESP/FCAV, Sao Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane Castellane S/N - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- University of Georgia, 2360 Rainwater Road, Tifton, Georgia, USA.
| | - Ricardo Borjas Ventura
- UNESP/FCAV, Sao Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane Castellane S/N - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina S/N, La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Renata Thaysa da Silva Santos
- UNESP/FCAV, Sao Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane Castellane S/N - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allan Lopes Bacha
- UNESP/FCAV, Sao Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane Castellane S/N - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Lupino Gratão
- UNESP/FCAV, Sao Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane Castellane S/N - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar Alves
- UNESP/FCAV, Sao Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane Castellane S/N - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Xue J, Chen TT, Zheng JW, Balamurugan S, Cai JX, Liu YH, Yang WD, Liu JS, Li HY. The role of diatom glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase on lipogenic NADPH supply in green microalgae through plastidial oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10803-10815. [PMID: 30349933 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Commercial production of biofuel from oleaginous microalgae is often impeded by their slow growth rate than other fast-growing algal species. A promising strategy is to genetically engineer the fast-growing algae to accumulate lipids by expressing key lipogenic genes from oleaginous microalgae. However, lacking of strong expression cassette to transform most of the algal species and potential metabolic target to engineer lipid metabolism has hindered its biotechnological applications. In this study, we engineered the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) of green microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa for lipid enhancement by expressing a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) from oleaginous diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Molecular characterization of transformed lines revealed that heterologous PtG6PD was transcribed and expressed successfully. Interestingly, subcellular localization analyses revealed that PtG6PD was targeted to chloroplasts of C. pyrenoidosa. PtG6PD expression remarkably elevated NADPH content and consequently enhanced the lipid content without affecting growth rate. Collectively, this report represents a promising candidate to engineer lipid biosynthesis in heterologous hosts with notable commercial significance, and it highlights the potential role of plastidial PPP in supplying lipogenic NADPH in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Srinivasan Balamurugan
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Xi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Baker NR, Harbinson J, Kramer DM. Determining the limitations and regulation of photosynthetic energy transduction in leaves. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2007; 30:1107-25. [PMID: 17661750 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The light-dependent production of ATP and reductants by the photosynthetic apparatus in vivo involves a series of electron and proton transfers. Consideration is given as to how electron fluxes through photosystem I (PSI), using absorption spectroscopy, and through photosystem II (PSII), using chlorophyll fluorescence analyses, can be estimated in vivo. Measurements of light-induced electrochromic shifts using absorption spectroscopy provide a means of analyzing the proton fluxes across the thylakoid membranes in vivo. Regulation of these electron and proton fluxes is required for the thylakoids to meet the fluctuating metabolic demands of the cell. Chloroplasts exhibit a wide and flexible range of mechanisms to regulate electron and proton fluxes that enable chloroplasts to match light use for ATP and reductant production with the prevailing metabolic requirements. Non-invasive probing of electron fluxes through PSI and PSII, and proton fluxes across the thylakoid membranes can provide insights into the operation of such regulatory processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Baker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, Essex, UK.
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