1
|
Jin X, Cheng H, Li M, Zou H, Cai J, Amoah K, Li W, Wang G. Description of three new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) on bitterling fishes (Acheilognathinae) from China. Parasitol Int 2024; 101:102893. [PMID: 38588816 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Three new species of Gyrodactylus are described from three species of bitterling in Donghu Lake, China: Gyrodactylus ocellorhodei n. sp. from Rhodeus ocellatus; G. sinenorhodei n. sp. from Rhodeus sinensis; and G. acheilorhodei n. sp. from Acheilognathus macropterus. All the three new species showed similar opisthaptor morphology, especially the marginal hooks: all had a slender and perpendicular sickle shaft, and flat sickle base with distinct heel and inner arch which was different from the G. rhodei-group species parasitic on bitterling. Multivariate analyses based on hamulus and marginal hooks suggested that these three new species cannot be completely distinguished, despite some morphology divergence observed in certain less reliable morphometric features, such as hamulus root length, ventral bar total length and process shape. These three new species shared an identical 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence, while the variation in the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS1-ITS2) sequence among them (8.4-11.2%, K2P) far exceeded the 1% ITS sequence difference that had been suggested as a threshold for species delimitation of Gyrodactylus. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS1-ITS2 showed that all these sequenced Gyrodactylus spp. parasitic on the subfamily Acheilognathinae host formed a monophyletic group. However, a clear differentiation (18.9-20.9%, K2P of ITS1-ITS2) could be found between the subgroup from China (G. ocellorhodei n. sp., G. sinenorhodei n. sp. and G. acheilorhodei n. sp.) and that from Europe (G. rhodei).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Houda Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jia Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Kwaku Amoah
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Guitang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen T, Huang J, Zhou L, Kang M, Wang X. Supplemental description of Gyrodactylus pseudorasborae (Gyrodactylidae) parasitic on topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva (Cyprinidae) in South China. Parasitol Int 2024; 98:102817. [PMID: 37852573 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on morphology and ITS sequence data, we identify and supplementally describe Gyrodactylus pseudorasborae Ondračková, Seifertová & Tkachenko, 2023 on the fins of topmouth gudgeon (Pseudoraspora parva) from freshwaters of southern China. The highest similarity (99.57% and 99.47%) to G. pseudorasborae suggested they were the same species. Prevalence and mean intensity were 45% and 2.3, respectively. The gyrodactylid species morphologically resembled G. pseudorasborae recorded from the same host species P. parva in Czech Republic, Ukraine, and Central China. But there were slight morphological differences in the shape and size of the marginal hook. Comparisons of marginal hook sickles of various Gyrodactylus species suggested that G. pseudorasborae and G. parvae were members of the G. wageneri-group. A molecular phylogeny of G. pseudorasborae with related species is presented and discussed within the context of the mechanism of local evolution of these sister species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China.
| | - Jinlong Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, PR China.
| | - Le Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Man Kang
- College of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- Museum of the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang WR, Hao CL, Arken K, Rong MJ, Tian SL, Kadir M, Yue C. New species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae) from Gymnodiptychus dybowskii (Kessler, 1874) (Schizothoracinae) in the Kunes River (Yili River basin), China. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2023; 22:136-145. [PMID: 37869061 PMCID: PMC10587675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Yili River system hosts a diverse fauna of fishes and parasites. Gymnodiptychus dybowskii is a rare and endangered aboriginal cold-water fish inhabit in the Yili river system. Our research identified a new species Gyrodactylus gymnodiptychi n. sp. isolated from G. dybowskii in the Kunes River (Yili River, China). Morphological comparison revealed identifiable differences between the new species and other parasites, including Gyrodactylus aksuensis, and Gyrodactylus tokobaevi, which are two known parasites living in G. dybowskii inhabit in the Aksu River west of Frunze (Kyrgyzstan), as well as Gyrodactylus montanus living in Shizothorax intermedius inhabited in the Tadzhikistan or Uzbekistan. Especially, the dorsal bar of G. gymnodiptychi n. sp. was raised at both ends with a hollow, and its hamulus roots were curved inward. The BLASTN search of GenBank did not detect any other ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences same as G. gymnodiptychi's. Using the Bayesian Information and Maximum Likelihood methods to analyze the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA gene sequences, we constructed phylogenetic trees for G. gymnodiptychi n. sp. Accordingly, our morphological and molecular research indicated that G. gymnodiptychi n. sp. was not only a new species of parasites but also the first Gyrodactylus member identified in the Yili River in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kadirden Arken
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Meng-Jie Rong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Sheng-Li Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Munira Kadir
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cheng Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Review of the metazoan parasites of the economically and ecologically important African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus in Africa: Current status and novel records. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2023; 119:65-222. [PMID: 36707175 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the most widely distributed African freshwater fish is the African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) that is naturally distributed in 8 of the 10 ichthyofaunal regions of this continent. Clarias gariepinus is a highly valued and cheap staple to local communities and an ideal aquaculture species. Consequently, interest in the parasitic communities of C. gariepinus has increased as parasites may accidentally be ingested by humans when eating uncooked fish or can be introduced into culture systems through fish stocks supplied from local rivers which affect yield, growth, and marketability. This review provides an overview of the ∼107 metazoan parasite species known to parasitise C. gariepinus in Africa and their general life cycles, morphology, paratenic and post-cyclic infections, and the biogeography and validity of records are discussed. A brief overview is included on the application of some of these parasites in environmental studies and their link to human health.
Collapse
|
5
|
Jin X, Li W, Cheng Y, Li M, Wu S, Zou H, Wang G. Description of Gyrodactylus banmae n. sp. (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) parasitic on zebrafish, Danio rerio. Parasitol Int 2021; 87:102531. [PMID: 34929406 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A new species of Gyrodactylus was described on the body surface of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in China. Basing on morphological characteristics and ITS sequence, we identified the parasite as a new member of the Gyrodactylus-wageneri group. Morphologically, Gyrodactylus sp. nov. is greatly similar to "G. zebrae", another species parasitic on zebrafish: both have moderately stout hamulus, marginal hook sickle with a prominent heel and toe, as well as a curved blade. However, distinct haptoral shape differences were detected between these two species. The dorsal bar is straight in Gyrodactylus sp. nov. but strongly curved in "G. zebrae", and the sickle shaft in Gyrodactylus sp. nov. is approximately perpendicular to the base, but in "G. zebrae" it is slanted downwards. The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence also indicate that Gyrodactylus sp. nov. exhibits the highest similarity to "G. zebrae": 95.7% sequence identity suggests interspecific differentiation. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1-ITS2 sequence showed that Gyrodactylus sp. nov. formed a sister clade with "G. zebrae", and exhibited a relatively close phylogenetic relationship with G. kobayashii, G. gurleyi, and G. longoacuminatus, all of which parasitise on goldfish, Carassius auratus. To test the susceptibility of zebrafish and goldfish to the Gyrodactylus sp. nov., ten gyrodactylids were inoculated to the caudal fin of zebrafish and goldfish. The gyrodactylids exhibited the ability to attach themselves to the goldfish, and some gyrodactylids reproduced a few days after the inoculation. On day 9, however, the mean abundance sharply decreased to zero on goldfish and increased to more than 30 on zebrafish. The result suggested that golfish is an unsuitable host for Gyrodactylus sp. nov. Therefore, on the basis of morphology, molecular sequence similarity, and host susceptibility, we conclude that the gyrodactylid found on the zebrafish is a new species, which we named Gyrodactylus banmae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yingyin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shangong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Guitang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Prikrylova I, Barson M, Shinn AP. Description of Tresuncinidactylus wilmienae gen. et sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae), from the gills of the bulldog, Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters) from Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2021; 68. [PMID: 34825654 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The African continent has a rich diversity of fish and amphibians in its inland water systems that serve as hosts for monogeneans of seven genera of the Gyrodactylidae van Beneden et Hesse, 1832. In August 2011, eight gyrodactylid parasites were collected from the gills of two specimens of bulldog, Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters), from Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. Morphometric evaluation and sequencing of 18S rDNA confirmed that the specimens represented a species of a new viviparous genus, Tresuncinidactylus wilmienae gen. et sp. n. The attachment apparatus consists of a single pair of large slender hamuli with prominently flattened roots that are connected by a simple, narrow dorsal bar. The ventral bar is small and possesses a thin lingulate membrane but no evident anterolateral processes. There are 16 marginal hooks of one morphological type, but of three different sizes, with large falculate sickles that are proportionaly equal in length to the length of their handles. The two largest pairs of marginal hooks are positioned closest to the opisthaptoral peduncle, the neighbouring two pairs of medium-sized marginal hook sickles are situated along the lateral margins of the opisthaptor. Four pairs of smallest marginal hooks are positioned along the posterior margin of the opisthaptor. The male copulatory organ consists of a muscular pouch armed with approximately 30 gracile spines. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of the 18S rDNA using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference placed the new genus within the lineage of solely African genera and suggests Afrogyrodactylus Paperna, 1968, Citharodactylus Přikrylová, Shinn et Paladini, 2017 and Mormyrogyrodactylus Luus-Powell, Mashego et Khalil, 2003 as genera most closely related to the new genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Prikrylova
- DSI-NRF SARChI Chair (Ecosystem Health), Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa.,Unit for Environmental Sciences & Development, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Maxwell Barson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Andrew P Shinn
- INVE Thailand Ltd., Samed Sub-district, Amphur Muang Chonburi, Chonburi, Thailand.,Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nitta M. A new monogenean species, Gyrodactylus ajime n. sp. (Gyrodactylidae), parasitic on Niwaella delicata (Niwa), an endemic loach of Japan. Syst Parasitol 2021; 98:307-319. [PMID: 33871763 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-021-09979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new gyrodactylid species, Gyrodactylus ajime n. sp., is described from the skin and fins of an endemic and commercially important loach Niwaella delicata (Niwa) (Cypriniformes: Cobitoidea: Cobitidae), from the upper reach of the River Yura in Ashiu, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan with scanning electron microscopy observations and molecular data. This species can be distinguished from congenerics by characteristics of the sickle of the marginal hook: the sickle proper is composed of two straight sections and a curved section; its short point extends beyond the limit of the toe and is directed downwards; and the upper corner of heel angular is slightly raised. There are 31 species and subspecies of native loaches (Cobitoidea) known from Japan, of which 25 are red-listed nationally, and two are commercially important. I reviewed all reports of monogeneans from Japanese loaches, and found that only five fish species have been recorded as hosts of these parasites. This suggests that the parasite fauna of these fishes is poorly described. It is urgent to thoroughly describe the monogenean parasites of loaches in Japan as some of the parasite species may be threatened with co-extinction because their hosts are threatened, and to understand any negative impacts on commercially important fish species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nitta
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada Ward, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture, 657-8501, Japan. .,Setouchi Parasite Biodiversity Laboratory, 3-2-20-103, Ushita-Honmachi, Higashi Ward, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture, 732-0066, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Geraerts M, Muterezi Bukinga F, Vanhove MPM, Pariselle A, Chocha Manda A, Vreven E, Huyse T, Artois T. Six new species of Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) from the gills of cichlids (Teleostei: Cichliformes) from the Lomami River Basin (DRC: Middle Congo). Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:187. [PMID: 32272977 PMCID: PMC7147007 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-3927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monogenea van Beneden, 1858 is a group of parasitic flatworms, commonly found infecting bony fish. Several genera, such as Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960, are reported to include potential pathogenic species that can negatively impact aquaculture fish stocks. They can switch from introduced to native fish and vice versa. In Africa (and all over the world), fish species belonging to Cichlidae are often kept in aquaculture and represent a major source of food. Thus, research on the biodiversity and occurrence of monogenean species on these fish is of importance for aquaculture and conservation. The present study is a survey of the diversity of species of Cichlidogyrus in the south of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) on three cichlid species: Orthochromis sp. 'Lomami', Serranochromis cf. macrocephalus, and Tilapia sparrmanii Smith, 1840. METHODS Specimens of Cichlidogyrus were isolated from the gills and mounted on glass slides with Hoyer's medium. The genital and haptoral hard parts were measured and drawn using interference contrast. RESULTS In total, six species of Cichlidogyrus were found, all new to science: C. bulbophallus n. sp. and C. pseudozambezensis n. sp. on S. cf. macrocephalus, C. flagellum n. sp. and C. lobus n. sp. on T. sparrmanii, C. ranula n. sp. on S. cf. macrocephalus and Orthochromis sp. 'Lomami', and C. maeander n. sp. found on Orthochromis sp. 'Lomami' and T. sparrmanii. The first four species are considered to be strict specialists, C. ranula n. sp. an intermediate generalist and C. maeander n. sp. a generalist. These parasite species show morphological similarities to species found in the Lower Guinea and Zambezi ichthyofaunal provinces, which might be explained by past river capture events between river systems of the Congo Province and both these regions. CONCLUSIONS Serranochromis cf. macrocephalus and Orthochromis sp. 'Lomami' can harbour respectively three and two species of Cichlidogyrus, all described in this study. Tilapia sparrmanii can harbour seven species, of which three are described in the present study. These results highlight the species diversity of this parasite genus in the Congo Basin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mare Geraerts
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Fidel Muterezi Bukinga
- Section de Parasitologie, Département de Biologie, Centre de Recherche en Hydrobiologie, Uvira, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Maarten P. M. Vanhove
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antoine Pariselle
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, CIRAD, INRAP, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome. Research Centre Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Auguste Chocha Manda
- Unité de recherche en Biodiversité et Exploitation durable des Zones Humides (BEZHU), Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emmanuel Vreven
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Ichthyology Section, Zoology Department, Royal Museum of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Tine Huyse
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Tom Artois
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dos Santos QM, Maina JN, Avenant-Oldewage A. Gyrodactylus magadiensis n. sp. (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) parasitising the gills of Alcolapia grahami (Perciformes, Cichlidae), a fish inhabiting the extreme environment of Lake Magadi, Kenya. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:76. [PMID: 31859621 PMCID: PMC6924288 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2019077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 is described from the gills of Alcolapia grahami, a tilapian fish endemic to Lake Magadi. This alkaline soda lake in the Rift Valley in Kenya is an extreme environment with pH as high as 11, temperatures up to 42 °C, and diurnal fluctuation between hyperoxia and virtual anoxia. Nevertheless, gyrodactylid monogeneans able to survive these hostile conditions were detected from the gills the Magadi tilapia. The worms were studied using light microscopy, isolated sclerites observed using scanning electron microscopy, and molecular techniques used to genetically characterize the specimens. The gyrodactylid was described as Gyrodactylus magadiensis n. sp. and could be distinguished from other Gyrodactylus species infecting African cichlid fish based on the comparatively long and narrow hamuli, a ventral bar with small rounded anterolateral processes and a tongue-shaped posterior membrane, and marginal hooks with slender sickles which are angled forward, a trapezoid to square toe, rounded heel, a long bridge prior to reaching marginal sickle shaft, and a long lateral edge of the toe. The species is also distinct from all other Gyrodactylus taxa based on the ITS region of rDNA (ITS1-5.8s-ITS2), strongly supporting the designation of a new species. These findings represent the second record of Gyrodactylus from Kenya, with the description of G. magadiensis bringing the total number of Gyrodactylus species described from African cichlids to 18.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton Marco Dos Santos
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - John Ndegwa Maina
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Annemariè Avenant-Oldewage
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006 Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mendoza-Palmero CA, Blasco-Costa I, Pérez-Ponce de León G. Morphological and molecular characterisation of a new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae) of cichlid fishes (Perciformes) from Mexico. Parasitol Int 2019; 70:102-111. [PMID: 30822532 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gyrodactylus mojarrae n. sp. is described from the gills of the Neotropical cichlids Thorichthys maculipinnis, Rocio octofasciata, Vieja zonata and V. fenestrata from several localities across southern Mexico. The new species is erected on the basis of the morphology of the haptoral elements (anchors, bars and hooks), and its phylogenetic position within the Gyrodactylidae is evaluated based on the analysis of partial sequences of the ITS1, 5.8 rRNA gene and ITS2. Gyrodactylus mojarrae n. sp. differs from other congeneric species by having hooks with a straight shaft and recurved point, pointed toe and convex heel, presence of reduced superficial anchor roots, by the number and disposition of spinelets of the male copulatory organ, and the absence of shield and lateral processes of the superficial bar. Molecular circumscription of isolates of G. mojarrae n. sp. from different host and hydrological basins showed that these isolates are conspecific and represent a distinct lineage from other congeners, including newly sequenced isolates of Gyodactylus sp. A and Gyrodactylus sp. B from Astyanax mexicanus (Characidae) and Gobiomorus dormitor (Eleotridae), respectively. Genetic affinities of Gyodactylus sp. A and B indicate that they might represent undescribed species infecting freshwater fish from the Americas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Mendoza-Palmero
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Isabel Blasco-Costa
- Natural History Museum of Geneva, P.O. Box 6134, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153, Código Postal 04510 México, D. F., Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
An amended description of two Gyrodactylus species (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) parasitizing Antarctic Notothenioid fish. J Helminthol 2018; 94:e20. [PMID: 30520393 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Species identification based on the morphometry of opisthaptoral hard parts, in combination with internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) region sequences, confirmed the presence of four viviparous Gyrodactylus von Nordman, 1832 (Plathyhelminthes, Monogenea) species on Nototheniid fish from the Prince Gustav Channel (Weddell Sea, Antarctica). Gyrodactylus antarcticus Gusev, 1967 was found mostly on Trematomus newnesi Boulenger (93 specimens) but also on T. bernacchii Boulenger (one specimen), the latter representing a new host record for this species. Gyrodactylus byrdi Hargis & Dillon, 1968 and G. coriicepsi Rokicka, Lumme & Ziętara, 2009 were recorded on their type hosts, T. newnesi and Notothenia coriiceps Richardson, respectively. Gyrodactylus wilkesi Hargis & Dillon, 1968 was found mostly on the fins of T. bernacchii (29 specimens), but also on T. hansoni Boulenger (one specimen) and T. newnesi (three specimens). The finding of G. wilkesi on T. newnesi represents a new host record. The low number of Gyrodactylus specimens may indicate an accidental infection. The occurence of all four Gyrodactylus species in the Prince Gustav Channel represents a new locality record. According to phylogentic methods, the newly redescribed monogeneans belong to the Antarctic lineage, forming a sister group to North American and European marine Gyrodactylus species, and consist of two species groups, one comprising G. coriicepsi and G. nudifronsi Rokicka, Lumme & Ziętara, 2009, and the other G. anarcticus and G. wilkesi.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nitta M, Nagasawa K. Gyrodactylus medaka n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) parasitic on wild and laboratory-reared medaka Oryzias latipes (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) in Japan. Parasitol Int 2018; 67:651-658. [PMID: 29940350 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gyrodactylus medaka n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) is described from the skin, fins, and gills of medaka Oryzias latipes (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) from Japan. This new species was collected from wild medaka in Hiroshima, Aichi, Saga, and Kumamoto prefectures, and laboratory-reared medaka in Chiba and Aichi prefectures. The small marginal hook sickle (≤4 μm) and the length of the marginal hook of the new species are the diagnostic morphological characters differentiated from other gyrodactylids reported from Asia. The pairwise sequence divergences for the interspecific variation in ITS regions and the phylogenetic analysis suggest that the populations of G. medaka n. sp. may have a similar genetic variation as the medaka populations in Japan. Gyrodactylus medaka n. sp. and Dactylogyrus oryziasi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) can maintain their populations in laboratory aquaria using medaka as their hosts, and these monogeneans and medaka have the potential as experimental model animals for clarifying various aspects of their host-parasite relationships. In addition, we report the composition of modified ammonium picrate-glycerin (APG) and show it is advantageous for monogenean taxonomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nitta
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-chō, Nada, Kōbe, Hyōgo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Nagasawa
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Přikrylová I, Shinn AP, Paladini G. Description of Citharodactylus gagei n. gen. et n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from the moon fish, Citharinus citharus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire), from Lake Turkana. Parasitol Res 2016; 116:281-292. [PMID: 27761716 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new genus and species of monogenean belonging to the Gyrodactylidae, Citharodactylus gagei n. gen. et n. sp. (Plathyhelminthes, Monogenea), is described from the gills of the moon fish, Citharinus citharus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire), a characiform fish collected from Lake Turkana in northern Kenya. The new viviparous genus can be readily distinguished from the six other gyrodactylid genera recorded from Africa and from the other viviparous genera within the Gyrodactylidae based on the morphology of the male copulatory organ (MCO), which consists of a muscular ovate organ with an opening onto the tegument through which the narrow tapered end of a sclerotised curved cone-shaped structure protrudes. The tegumental opening of the MCO is surrounded by a collar of short spines. Sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2, the 5.8S and the 18S rDNA genes and a comparison with the gyrodactylid species listed in GenBank confirmed the specimens are unique and do not match with any existing entry. When phylogenies for each genomic region were conducted (i.e. 0.064 gamma-corrected pairwise genetic distance based on a alignment of 1750 bp of the 1857 bp long 18S rDNA gene), the most similar match was that of Afrogyrodactylus sp. [= A. girgifae (Folia Parasitol 61:529-536, 2014)] from Brycinus nurse (Rüppell). The proposed name of the new parasite is Citharodactylus n. gen. which represents the seventh gyrodactylid genus to be found in Africa and the 25th viviparous genus and the 32nd genus to be added to the Gyrodactylidae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Přikrylová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlařská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Water Research Group (Ecology), Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North West University, Private Bag X6001, Za-2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa. .,Department of Biodiversity, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, ZA-0727, Sovenga, South Africa.
| | - Andrew P Shinn
- Fish Vet Group Asia Limited, 99/386, Chaengwattana Building, Chaengwattana Rd., Kwaeng Toongsonghong, Khet Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zahradníčková P, Barson M, Luus-Powell WJ, Přikrylová I. Species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) from cichlids from Zambezi and Limpopo river basins in Zimbabwe and South Africa: evidence for unexplored species richness. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:679-700. [PMID: 27522367 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-016-9652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
New findings on Gyrodactylus spp. parasitising African cichlids in southern Africa are presented, comprising data from Zimbabwe and South Africa. Morphometry of opisthaptoral hard parts in combination with nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences confirmed the presence of six species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832. Three new species are described from fishes in Zimbabwe: Gyrodactylus chitandiri n. sp. from the gill arches of Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger) and Pseudocrenilabrus philander (Weber); Gyrodactylus occupatus n. sp. from the fins of Oreochromis niloticus (L.), Pharyngochromis acuticeps (Steindachner) and P. philander; and Gyrodactylus parisellei n. sp. from the fins of O. niloticus, P. philander and Tilapia sp. Gyrodactylus nyanzae Paperna, 1973 was also identified from the gills of O. niloticus and C. rendalli collected from two localities in Zimbabwe; these findings represent new host and locality records for this parasite. Gyrodactylus sturmbaueri Vanhove, Snoeks, Volckaert & Huyse, 2011 was identified from P. philander collected in South Africa and Zimbabwe thereby providing new host and locality records for this parasite. Finally, Gyrodactylus yacatli García-Vásquez, Hansen, Christison, Bron & Shinn, 2011 was collected from the fins of O. niloticus and P. philander studied in Zimbabwe; this represents the first record of this species from the continent of Africa. Notably, this study improves upon the knowledge of Gyrodactylus spp. parasitising cichlids from these southern African regions. All species studied were recorded from at least two different cichlid host species indicating trend for a wide range of Gyrodactylus hosts in Africa. Accordingly, this supports the idea of intensive host switching in the course of their evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Zahradníčková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maxwell Barson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, PO Box MP167, Mt. Pleasant Harare, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Wilmien J Luus-Powell
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Iva Přikrylová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa. .,Water Research Group, School of for Environmental Sciences and Development, North West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Messu Mandeng FD, Bilong Bilong CF, Pariselle A, Vanhove MPM, Bitja Nyom AR, Agnèse JF. A phylogeny of Cichlidogyrus spp. (Monogenea, Dactylogyridea) clarifies a host-switch between fish families and reveals an adaptive component to attachment organ morphology of this parasite genus. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:582. [PMID: 26554914 PMCID: PMC4641334 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parasite switches to new host species are of fundamental scientific interest and may be considered an important speciation mechanism. For numerous monogenean fish parasites, infecting different hosts is associated with morphological adaptations, in particular of the attachment organ (haptor). However, haptoral morphology in Cichlidogyrus spp. (Monogenea, Dactylogyridea), parasites of African cichlids, has been mainly linked to phylogenetic rather than to host constraints. Here we determined the position of Cichlidogyrus amieti, a parasite of species of Aphyosemion (Cyprinodontiformes, Nothobranchiidae) in the phylogeny of its congeners in order to infer its origin and assess the morphological changes associated with host-switching events. METHODS The DNA of specimens of C. amieti isolated from Aphyosemion cameronense in Cameroon was sequenced and analyzed together with that of Cichlidogyrus spp. from cichlid hosts. In order to highlight the influence of the lateral transfer of C. amieti on the haptoral sclerotised parts we performed a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to compare the attachment organ structure of C. amieti to that of congeners infecting cichlids. RESULTS Cichlidogyrus amieti was found to be nested within a strongly supported clade of species described from Hemichromis spp. (i.e. C. longicirrus and C. dracolemma). This clade is located at a derived position of the tree, suggesting that C. amieti transferred from cichlids to Cyprinodontiformes and not inversely. The morphological similarity between features of their copulatory organs suggested that C. amieti shares a recent ancestor with C. dracolemma. It also indicates that in this case, these organs do not seem subjected to strong divergent selection pressure. On the other hand, there are substantial differences in haptoral morphology between C. amieti and all of its closely related congeners described from Hemichromis spp.. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new evidence supporting the hypothesis of the adaptive nature of haptor morphology. It demonstrates this adaptive component for the first time within Cichlidogyrus, the attachment organs of which were usually considered to be mainly phylogenetically constrained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Françoise D Messu Mandeng
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, BP 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
- Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Charles F Bilong Bilong
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, BP 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Antoine Pariselle
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution, IRD UMR 226, CNRS UMR 5554, Université de Montpellier, CC 63, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
- Present address: IRD, BP 1857, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- Biology Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080, Tervuren, Belgium.
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Charles Debériotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Present address: Capacities for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Arnold R Bitja Nyom
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, BP 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
| | - Jean-François Agnèse
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution, IRD UMR 226, CNRS UMR 5554, Université de Montpellier, CC 63, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
van As JG. A brief history of freshwater fish parasitology in southern Africa. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2015.1053409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
17
|
Přikrylová I, Luus-Powell WJ. Revision of the genus Afrogyrodactylus Paperna, 1968 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) with description of two new species from geographically distant localities. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2014. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2014.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Přikrylová I, Vanhove MPM, Janssens SB, Billeter PA, Huyse T. Tiny worms from a mighty continent: high diversity and new phylogenetic lineages of African monogeneans. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 67:43-52. [PMID: 23287552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The family Gyrodactylidae contains one of the most significant radiations of platyhelminth fish parasites. The so-called hyperviviparity is very rare in the animal kingdom, and the rapid generation time can lead to an explosive population growth, which can cause massive losses in farmed fish. Here we present the first molecular phylogeny including all-but-one African genera, inferred from ITS and 18S rDNA sequences. The validity of nominal genera is discussed in relation to the systematic value of morphological characters traditionally used for generic identification. New complete 18S rDNA sequences of 18 gyrodactylid species of eight genera together with ITS rDNA gene sequences of eight species representing seven genera were generated and complemented with GenBank sequences. The maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses pointed to a paraphyletic nature of African Gyrodactylus species. They formed well-supported clades possibly indicating speciation within host taxa: (1) parasites of cichlids (Cichlidae); (2) parasites of catfishes (Siluriformes), consisting of a lineage infecting mochokids and one infecting clariids. Macrogyrodactylus spp. firmly clustered into a monophyletic group. We found that Swingleus and Fundulotrema are very closely related and clearly cluster within Gyrodactylus. This supports earlier claims as to the paraphyly of the nominal genus Gyrodactylus as it is currently defined, and necessitates a revision of Swingleus and Fundulotrema. Molecular dating estimates confirmed a relatively young, certainly post-Gondwanan, origin of gyrodactylid lineages. Building on the previously suggested South-American origin of viviparous gyrodactylids, the dataset suggests subsequent intercontinental dispersal to Africa and from there repeated colonisation of the Holarctic. Even though the African continent has been heavily under sampled, the present diversity is far greater than in the intensively studied European fauna, probably because of the high endemicity of sub-Saharan Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Přikrylová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gyrodactylus malalai sp. nov. (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) from Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) and Redbelly tilapia, Tilapia zillii (Gervais) (Teleostei, Cichlidae) in the Lake Turkana, Kenya. Acta Parasitol 2012; 57:122-30. [PMID: 22807048 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-012-0017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gyrodactylus malalai sp. nov. is described from the fin surface of cichlid fishes Oreochromis niloticus (L.) and Tilapia zillii (Gervais) caught in Lake Turkana (Kenya). The new species morphologically resembles Gyrodactylus nyanzae Paperna, 1973, but can be readily distinguished by the shape of the marginal hook sickles and the size of its hamuli. The sequence data of rDNA spanning partial 18S, internal transcribe spacer 1 and 2 and the 5.8S gene is unique within GenBank. Genetically, as most similar Gyrodactylus ergensi Přikrylová, Matějusová, Musilová et Gelnar, 2009 was found (97.5%). Moreover, a specimen of G. cichlidarum from O. niloticus, and a specimen G. ergensi from Sarotherodon galilaeus (L.) were collected during sampling in Kenya. Likewise, additional sampling of O. niloticus from the Blue Nile in Sudan revealed the presence of the newly described species. These findings represent the first records of gyrodactylids in both African countries.
Collapse
|
20
|
Přikrylová I, Blažek R, Vanhove MPM. An overview of the Gyrodactylus (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) species parasitizing African catfishes, and their morphological and molecular diversity. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:1185-200. [PMID: 21850451 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2612-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An overview of Gyrodactylus infecting catfishes from the African continent is provided, including new data from Sudan, Senegal, Kenya and Mozambique. Haptoral sclerite morphometry and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences revealed the presence of eight Gyrodactylus species. On Senegalese Synodontis nigrita, Gyrodactylus synodonti n. sp. and Gyrodactylus nigritae n. sp. are described. These are the first reports of gyrodactylid parasites from mochokid hosts. From the fins of North African catfish Clarias gariepinus collected in Mozambique, Gyrodactylus alekosi n. sp. and Gyrodactylus rysavyi were identified. G. rysavyi was also reported from Kenyan C. gariepinus and Senegalese Clarias anguillaris. From the fins of C. anguillaris studied in Senegal, two more species, Gyrodactylus transvaalensis and Gyrodactylus gelnari n. sp. were recognised. In addition, Gyrodactylus turkanaensis n. sp. from the gills of Kenyan C. gariepinus was described and an undescribed Gyrodactylus sp. was recorded from Sudanese representatives of the same host. Detailed morphometrical and molecular comparisons of the species are presented and discussed. The study highlights the hitherto understudied diversity of viviparous monogenean parasites throughout Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Přikrylová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pariselle A, Boeger WA, Snoeks J, Bilong Bilong CF, Morand S, Vanhove MPM. The monogenean parasite fauna of cichlids: a potential tool for host biogeography. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 2011; 2011:471480. [PMID: 21869935 PMCID: PMC3157826 DOI: 10.4061/2011/471480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We discuss geographical distribution and phylogeny of Dactylogyridea (Monogenea) parasitizing Cichlidae to elucidate their hosts' history. Although mesoparasitic Monogenea (Enterogyrus spp.) show typical vicariant distribution, ectoparasitic representatives from different continents are not considered sister taxa, hence their distribution cannot result from vicariance alone. Because of the close host-parasite relationship, this might indicate that present-day cichlid distribution may also reflect dispersal through coastal or brackish waters. Loss of ectoparasites during transoceanic migration, followed by lateral transfer from other fish families might explain extant host-parasite associations. Because of its mesoparasitic nature, hence not subject to salinity variations of the host's environment, Enterogyrus could have survived marine migrations, intolerable for ectoparasites. Host-switches and salinity transitions may be invoked to explain the pattern revealed by a preliminary morphological phylogeny of monogenean genera from Cichlidae and other selected Monogenea genera, rendering the parasite distribution explicable under both vicariance and dispersal. Testable hypotheses are put forward in this parasitological approach to cichlid biogeography. Along with more comprehensive in-depth morphological phylogeny, comparison with molecular data, clarifying dactylogyridean evolution on different continents and from various fish families, and providing temporal information on host-parasite history, are needed to discriminate between the possible scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Pariselle
- ISE-M, UMR5554 CNRS, UR226 IRD (ex-ORSTOM), Université Montpellier II—CC 063, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Walter A. Boeger
- Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular e Parasitologia Evolutiva, Grupo Integrado de Aquicultura e Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 19073, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jos Snoeks
- Ichthyology Unit, African Zoology Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
- Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Biology Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles F. Bilong Bilong
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et d'Ecologie, Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Serge Morand
- ISE-M, UMR5554 CNRS, UR226 IRD (ex-ORSTOM), Université Montpellier II—CC 063, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Maarten P. M. Vanhove
- Ichthyology Unit, African Zoology Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
- Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Biology Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
First description of monogenean parasites in Lake Tanganyika: the cichlid Simochromis diagramma (Teleostei, Cichlidae) harbours a high diversity of Gyrodactylus species (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea). Parasitology 2010; 138:364-80. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182010001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYLake Tanganyika harbours the most diverse endemic cichlid fish assemblage of Africa, but its monogenean fish parasites have not been investigated. Here we report, for the first time, on the Gyrodactylus parasites in this hotspot of fish biodiversity. Haptor morphometrics and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences revealed 3 new species on Zambian Simochromis diagramma: Gyrodactylus sturmbaueri n. sp., G. thysi n. sp. and G. zimbae n. sp. Their distinct morphology and strong genetic differentiation suggest that they belong to distant lineages within the genus Gyrodactylus, and phylogenetic reconstructions suggest affinities with other genera of gyrodactylids. Additional U-shaped haptoral plates in G. thysi n. sp. and a second large spine-like structure in the male copulatory organ of G. zimbae seem to represent new features for the genus. Such large diversity on a single host species can probably be explained by host-switching events during the course of evolution, in agreement with the generally accepted concept that ecological transfer is an important aspect of gyrodactylid speciation. Additional parasitological surveys on other host species, covering a broader phylogenetic and geographical range, should clarify the evolutionary history of Gyrodactylidae on cichlids in the African Great Lake and other parts of Africa.
Collapse
|
23
|
Vaughan DB, Christison KW, Hansen H, Shinn AP. Gyrodactylus eyipayipi sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Syngnathus acus (Syngnathidae) from South Africa. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2010; 57:11-5. [PMID: 20449995 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2010.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gyrodactylus eyipayipi sp. n. is described from the skin, gills, flute and male brood pouch of captive specimens of the greater pipefish Syngnathus acus L., collected for and maintained at the Two Oceans Aquarium in Cape Town, South Africa. It is the first marine Gyrodactylus species reported from the African continent. The new species is compared to the three known Gyrodactylus species affecting syngnathiform hosts (G. pisculentus Williams, Kritsky, Dunnigan, Lash et Klein, 2008, G. shorti Holliman, 1963, and G. syngnathi Appleby, 1996). Although all four species have similar-sized and shaped attachment hooks with some overlap, separation of the species is possible using marginal hook morphology. The marginal hooks of G. eyipayipi measure (mean) 30 pm in total length and are larger than those of the three other species (mean, 24-28 tm). Gyrodactylus eyipayipi can also be discriminated based on differences in the shape of the marginal hook sickle notably by its long sickle point which extends far beyond the toe, its blunt rounded toe and, by the approximate rectangular shape to the base of the sickle. By comparison, the sloping toe regions of G. pisculentus and G. syngnathi give the sickle bases an approximately triangular shape, whilst the short sickle point and open aperture to the sickles of G. shorti allow for their discrimination from G. eyipayipi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David B Vaughan
- Aquatic Animal Health Research, Two Oceans Aquarium, P.O. Box 50603, Victoria & Alfred Waterfront, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Prikrylová I, Matĕjusová I, Musilová N, Gelnar M, Harris PD. A new gyrodactylid (Monogenea) genus on gray bichir, Polypterus senegalus (Polypteridae) from Senegal (West Africa). J Parasitol 2010; 95:555-60. [PMID: 19642801 DOI: 10.1645/ge-1652.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Diplogyrodactylus martini n. g. et sp., a viviparous monogenean, is described from the gills of gray bichir Polypterus senegalus Cuvier, 1829, in Senegal. This new genus can be readily distinguished from the other described viviparous genera based on the morphology of the attachment apparatus. The haptor is equipped with a pair of centrally positioned hamuli, a simple ventral bar without membrane and 8 pairs of marginal hooks of 2 types, 5 pairs of hooks with well-defined large falculate sickles, and 3 pairs of smaller hooks with well-articulated sickles. The new genus is unique in having a teardrop-shaped muscular tubular male copulatory organ which lacks spines. A partial sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS rDNA) was obtained from 4 specimens of D. martini. The relationship among D. martini and other genera of the Gyrodactylidae is discussed based on the similarities of the attachment apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Prikrylová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlárská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gyrodactylus species (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) on the cichlid fishes of Senegal, with the description of Gyrodactylus ergensi n. sp. from Mango tilapia, Sarotherodon galilaeus L. (Teleostei: Cichilidae). Parasitol Res 2009; 106:1-6. [PMID: 19838735 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The first record of Gyrodactylus species Nordmann, 1832 on the cichlid fish from Senegal is reported. Gyrodactylus parasites were found on four host species studied, Hemichromis fasciatus, Hemichromis letournaeuxi, Oreochromis niloticus, and Sarotherodon galilaeus. Gyrodactylus cichlidarum Paperna (Bamidgeh 13:14-29, 1968) were collected from H. fasciatus, and its identity was confirmed based on the morphometrical comparison with the holotype specimens of G. cichlidarum. Only one specimen of Gyrodactylus sp. was noted on H. letournaeuxi. The gyrodactylid specimens on O. niloticus and S. galilaeus were described as Gyrodactylus ergensi n. sp. based on the detailed morphometrical analysis supported by sequencing. The haptoral sclerites of G. ergensi n. sp., which closely resemble those of Gyrodactylus nyanzae Paperna, 1973, are compared with the type material and discussed. A partial sequence of the internal transcribed spacer recombinant DNA (ITS rDNA) was obtained from two specimens of G. ergensi, and a close relationship between G. ergensi n. sp. and G. cichlidarum is suggested based on 92% similarity in ITS rDNA region.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bakke TA, Cable J, Harris PD. The biology of gyrodactylid monogeneans: the "Russian-doll killers". ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2007; 64:161-376. [PMID: 17499102 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(06)64003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the history of gyrodactylid research focussing on the unique anatomy, behaviour, ecology and evolution of the viviparous forms while identifying gaps in our knowledge and directions for future research. We provide the first summary of research on the oviparous gyrodactylids from South American catfish, and highlight the plesiomorphic characters shared by gyrodactylids and other primitive monogeneans. Of these, the most important are the crawling, unciliated larva and the spike sensilla of the cephalic lobes. These characters allow gyrodactylids to transfer between hosts at any stage of the life cycle, without a specific transmission stage. We emphasise the importance of progenesis in shaping the evolution of the viviparous genera and discuss the relative extent of progenesis in the different genera. The validity of the familial classification is discussed and we conclude that the most significant division within the family is between the oviparous and the viviparous genera. The older divisions into Isancistrinae and Polyclithrinae should be allowed to lapse. We discuss approaches to the taxonomy of gyrodactylids, and we emphasise the importance of adequate morphological and molecular data in new descriptions. Host specificity patterns in gyrodactylids are discussed extensively and we note the importance of host shifts, revealed by molecular data, in the evolution of gyrodactylids. To date, the most closely related gyrodactylids have not been found on closely related hosts, demonstrating the importance of host shifts in their evolution. The most closely related species pair is that of G. salaris and G. thymalli, and we provide an account of the patterns of evolution taking place in different mitochondrial clades of this species complex. The host specificity of these clades is reviewed, demonstrating that, although each clade has its preferred host, there is a range of specificity to different salmonids, providing opportunities for complex patterns of survival and interbreeding in Scandinavia. At the same time, we identify trends in systematics and phylogeny relevant to the G. salaris epidemics on Atlantic salmon in Norway, which can be applied more generally to parasite epidemiology and evolution. Although much of gyrodactylid research in the last 30 years has been directed towards salmonid parasites, there is great potential in using other experimental systems, such as the gyrodactylids of poeciliids and sticklebacks. We also highlight the role of glacial lakes and modified river systems during the ice ages in gyrodactylid speciation, and suggest that salmon infecting clades of G. salaris first arose from G. thymalli in such lakes, but failed to spread fully across Scandinavia before further dispersal was ended by rising sea levels. This dispersal has been continued by human activity, leading to the appearance of G. salaris as a pathogen in Norway. We review the history and current status of the epidemic, and current strategies for elimination of the parasite from Norway. Finally, we consider opportunities for further spread of the parasite within and beyond Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T A Bakke
- Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, NO-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | |
Collapse
|