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Liu X, Wang T, Ruan Y, Xie X, Tan C, Guo Y, Li B, Qu L, Deng L, Li M, Liu C. Comparative Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis of Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) Cotyledons in Response to Cold Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2212. [PMID: 39204648 PMCID: PMC11360269 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress affects the seed germination and early growth of winter rapeseed, leading to yield losses. We employed transmission electron microscopy, physiological analyses, metabolome profiling, and transcriptome sequencing to understand the effect of cold stress (0 °C, LW) on the cotyledons of cold-tolerant (GX74) and -sensitive (XY15) rapeseeds. The mesophyll cells in cold-treated XY15 were severely damaged compared to slightly damaged cells in GX74. The fructose, glucose, malondialdehyde, and proline contents increased after cold stress in both genotypes; however, GX74 had significantly higher content than XY15. The pyruvic acid content increased after cold stress in GX74, but decreased in XY15. Metabolome analysis detected 590 compounds, of which 32 and 74 were differentially accumulated in GX74 (CK vs. cold stress) and XY15 (CK vs. cold stressed). Arachidonic acid and magnoflorine were the most up-accumulated metabolites in GX74 subjected to cold stress compared to CK. There were 461 and 1481 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to XY15 and GX74 rapeseeds, respectively. Generally, the commonly expressed genes had higher expressions in GX74 compared to XY15 in CK and cold stress conditions. The expression changes in DEGs related to photosynthesis-antenna proteins, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and sugar biosynthesis-related pathways were consistent with the fructose and glucose levels in cotyledons. Compared to XY15, GX74 showed upregulation of a higher number of genes/transcripts related to arachidonic acid, pyruvic acid, arginine and proline biosynthesis, cell wall changes, reactive oxygen species scavenging, cold-responsive pathways, and phytohormone-related pathways. Taken together, our results provide a detailed overview of the cold stress responses in rapeseed cotyledons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Tonghua Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
| | - Xiang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chengfang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
| | - Yiming Guo
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bao Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Liang Qu
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Lichao Deng
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Mei Li
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (X.L.); (Y.G.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial on Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.R.); (X.X.); (C.T.)
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Patel J, Khatri K, Khandwal D, Gupta NK, Choudhary B, Hapani D, Koshiya J, Syed SN, Phillips DW, Jones HD, Mishra A. Modulation of physio-biochemical and photosynthesis parameters by overexpressing SbPIP2 gene improved abiotic stress tolerance of transgenic tobacco. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14384. [PMID: 38859697 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the potential of a plasma-membrane localized PIP2-type aquaporin protein sourced from the halophyte Salicornia brachiata to alleviate salinity and water deficit stress tolerance in a model plant through transgenic intervention. Transgenic plants overexpressing SbPIP2 gene showed improved physio-biochemical parameters like increased osmolytes (proline, total sugar, and amino acids), antioxidants (polyphenols), pigments and membrane stability under salinity and drought stresses compared to control plants [wild type (WT) and vector control (VC) plants]. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that, under water and salinity stresses, osmolytes, antioxidants and pigments were correlated with SbPIP2-overexpressing (SbPIP2-OE) plants treated with salinity and water deficit stress, suggesting their involvement in stress tolerance. As aquaporins are also involved in CO2 transport, SbPIP2-OE plants showed enhanced photosynthesis performance than wild type upon salinity and drought stresses. Photosynthetic gas exchange (net CO2 assimilation rate, PSII efficiency, ETR, and non-photochemical quenching) were significantly higher in SbPIP2-OE plants compared to control plants (wild type and vector control plants) under both unstressed and stressed conditions. The higher quantum yield for reduction of end electron acceptors at the PSI acceptor side [Φ( R0 )] in SbPIP2-OE plants compared to control plants under abiotic stresses indicates a continued PSI functioning, leading to retained electron transport rate, higher carbon assimilation, and less ROS-mediated injuries. In conclusion, the SbPIP2 gene functionally validated in the present study could be a potential candidate for engineering abiotic stress resilience in important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaykumar Patel
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kusum Khatri
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Deepesh Khandwal
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nirmala Kumari Gupta
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Babita Choudhary
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Divya Hapani
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Jignasha Koshiya
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Saif Najam Syed
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Dylan Wyn Phillips
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Dylan Jones
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Avinash Mishra
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Saieed MAU, Zhao Y, Islam S, Ma W. Identifying and Characterizing Candidate Genes Contributing to a Grain Yield QTL in Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:26. [PMID: 38202333 PMCID: PMC10780351 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The current study focuses on identifying the candidate genes of a grain yield QTL from a double haploid population, Westonia × Kauz. The QTL region spans 20 Mbp on the IWGSC whole-genome sequence flank with 90K SNP markers. The IWGSC gene annotation revealed 16 high-confidence genes and 41 low-confidence genes. Bioinformatic approaches, including functional gene annotation, ontology investigation, pathway exploration, and gene network study using publicly available gene expression data, enabled the short-listing of four genes for further confirmation. Complete sequencing of those four genes demonstrated that only two genes are polymorphic between the parental cultivars, which are the ferredoxin-like protein gene and the tetratricopeptide-repeat (TPR) protein gene. The two genes were selected for downstream investigation. Two SNP variations were observed in the exon for both genes, with one SNP resulting in changes in amino acid sequence. qPCR-based gene expression showed that both genes were highly expressed in the high-yielding double haploid lines along with the parental cultivar Westonia. In contrast, their expression was significantly lower in the low-yielding lines in the other parent. It can be concluded that these two genes are the contributing genes to the grain yield QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Atik Us Saieed
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (M.A.U.S.); (Y.Z.); (S.I.)
- Department of Seed Science & Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Yun Zhao
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (M.A.U.S.); (Y.Z.); (S.I.)
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (M.A.U.S.); (Y.Z.); (S.I.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Wujun Ma
- Food Futures Institute, School of Health, Education & Environment, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (M.A.U.S.); (Y.Z.); (S.I.)
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Chang H, Chen YT, Huang HE, Ger MJ. Overexpressing plant ferredoxin-like protein enhances photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrates accumulation in Phalaenopsis. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:547-560. [PMID: 37851307 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is one of three major models of carbon dioxide assimilation pathway with better water-use efficiency and slower photosynthetic efficiency in photosynthesis. Previous studies indicated that the gene of sweet pepper plant ferredoxin-like protein (PFLP) shows high homology to the ferredoxin-1(Fd-1) family that belongs to photosynthetic type Fd and involves in photosystem I. It is speculated that overexpressing pflp in the transgenic plant may enhance photosynthetic efficiency through the electron transport chain (ETC). To reveal the function of PFLP in photosynthetic efficiency, pflp transgenic Phalaenopsis, a CAM plant, was generated to analyze photosynthetic markers. Transgenic plants exhibited 1.2-folds of electron transport rate than that of wild type (WT), and higher CO2 assimilation rates up to 1.6 and 1.5-folds samples at 4 pm and 10 pm respectively. Enzyme activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) was increased to 5.9-folds in Phase III, and NAD+-linked malic enzyme (NAD+-ME) activity increased 1.4-folds in Phase IV in transgenic plants. The photosynthesis products were analyzed between transgenic plants and WT. Soluble sugars contents such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose were found to significantly increase to 1.2, 1.8, and 1.3-folds higher in transgenic plants. The starch grains were also accumulated up to 1.4-folds in transgenic plants than that of WT. These results indicated that overexpressing pflp in transgenic plants increases carbohydrates accumulation by enhancing electron transport flow during photosynthesis. This is the first evidence for the PFLP function in CAM plants. Taken altogether, we suggest that pflp is an applicable gene for agriculture application that enhances electron transport chain efficiency during photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 30015, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-En Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Taitung University, Taitung, 95002, Taiwan
| | - Mang-Jye Ger
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
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Guo Y, Li Q, Ji D, Tian L, Meurer J, Chi W. A Ubiquitin-Based Module Directing Protein-Protein Interactions in Chloroplasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16673. [PMID: 38068997 PMCID: PMC10706609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising approach for the genetic engineering of multiprotein complexes in living cells involves designing and reconstructing the interaction between two proteins that lack native affinity. Thylakoid-embedded multiprotein complexes execute the light reaction of plant photosynthesis, but their engineering remains challenging, likely due to difficulties in accurately targeting heterologous membrane-bound proteins to various sub-compartments of thylakoids. In this study, we developed a ubiquitin-based module (Nub-Cub) capable of directing interactions in vivo between two chloroplast proteins lacking native affinities. We applied this module to genetically modify thylakoid multiprotein complexes. We demonstrated the functionality of the Nub-Cub module in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. Employing this system, we successfully modified the Photosystem II (PSII) complex by ectopically attaching an extrinsic subunit of PSII, PsbTn1, to CP26-a component of the antenna system of PSII. Surprisingly, this mandatory interaction between CP26 and PsbTn1 in plants impairs the efficiency of electron transport in PSII and unexpectedly results in noticeable defects in leaf development. Our study not only offers a general strategy to modify multiprotein complexes embedded in thylakoid membranes but it also sheds light on the possible interplay between two proteins without native interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Guo
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (Y.G.); (Q.L.); (D.J.); (L.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuxin Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (Y.G.); (Q.L.); (D.J.); (L.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daili Ji
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (Y.G.); (Q.L.); (D.J.); (L.T.)
| | - Lijin Tian
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (Y.G.); (Q.L.); (D.J.); (L.T.)
| | - Jörg Meurer
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, D-82152 Munich, Germany;
| | - Wei Chi
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (Y.G.); (Q.L.); (D.J.); (L.T.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Zhou YH, Li G, Zhang YM. A compressed variance component mixed model framework for detecting small and linked QTL-by-environment interactions. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6527275. [DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Detecting small and linked quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and QTL-by-environment interactions (QEIs) for complex traits is a difficult issue in immortalized F2 and F2:3 design, especially in the era of global climate change and environmental plasticity research. Here we proposed a compressed variance component mixed model. In this model, a parametric vector of QTL genotype and environment combination effects replaced QTL effects, environmental effects and their interaction effects, whereas the combination effect polygenic background replaced the QTL and QEI polygenic backgrounds. Thus, the number of variance components in the mixed model was greatly reduced. The model was incorporated into our genome-wide composite interval mapping (GCIM) to propose GCIM-QEI-random and GCIM-QEI-fixed, respectively, under random and fixed models of genetic effects. First, potentially associated QTLs and QEIs were selected from genome-wide scanning. Then, significant QTLs and QEIs were identified using empirical Bayes and likelihood ratio test. Finally, known and candidate genes around these significant loci were mined. The new methods were validated by a series of simulation studies and real data analyses. Compared with ICIM, GCIM-QEI-random had 29.77 ± 18.20% and 24.33 ± 10.15% higher average power, respectively, in 0.5–3.0% QTL and QEI detection, 43.44 ± 9.53% and 51.47 ± 15.70% higher average power, respectively, in linked QTL and QEI detection, and identified 30 more known genes for four rice yield traits, because GCIM-QEI-random identified more small genes/loci, being 2.69 ± 2.37% for additional genes. GCIM-QEI-random was slightly better than GCIM-QEI-fixed. In addition, the new methods may be extended into backcross and genome-wide association studies. This study provides effective methods for detecting small-effect and linked QTLs and QEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Zhou
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guo Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Hussain S, Ulhassan Z, Brestic M, Zivcak M, Allakhverdiev SI, Yang X, Safdar ME, Yang W, Liu W. Photosynthesis research under climate change. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:5-19. [PMID: 34235625 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global population and climate change uncertainties have compelled increased photosynthetic efficiency and yields to ensure food security over the coming decades. Potentially, genetic manipulation and minimization of carbon or energy losses can be ideal to boost photosynthetic efficiency or crop productivity. Despite significant efforts, limited success has been achieved. There is a need for thorough improvement in key photosynthetic limiting factors, such as stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, biochemical capacity combined with Rubisco, the Calvin-Benson cycle, thylakoid membrane electron transport, nonphotochemical quenching, and carbon metabolism or fixation pathways. In addition, the mechanistic basis for the enhancement in photosynthetic adaptation to environmental variables such as light intensity, temperature and elevated CO2 requires further investigation. This review sheds light on strategies to improve plant photosynthesis by targeting these intrinsic photosynthetic limitations and external environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- К.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Xinghong Yang
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, 271018, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Huang HE, Ho MH, Chang H, Chao HY, Ger MJ. Overexpression of plant ferredoxin-like protein promotes salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:136-146. [PMID: 32750653 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
High-salinity stress is one of the major limiting factors on crop productivity. Physiological strategies against high-salinity stress include generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of stress-related genes expression, accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and up-regulation of antiporters. ROS are metabolism by-products and involved in signal transduction pathway. Constitutive expression of plant ferrodoxin-like protein (PFLP) gene enhances pathogen-resistance activities and root-hair growth through promoting ROS generation. However, the function of PFLP in abiotic stress responses is unclear. In this study, PFLP-1 and PFLP-2-transgenic rice plants were generated to elucidate the role of PFLP under salinity stress. PFLP overexpression significantly increased salt tolerance in PFLP-transgenic rice plants compared with non-transgenic plants (Oryza sativa japonica cv. Tainung 67, designated as TNG67). In high-salinity conditions, PFLP-transgenic plants exhibited earlier ROS production, higher antioxidant enzyme activities, higher ABA accumulation, up-regulated expression of stress-related genes (OsRBOHa, Cu/Zn SOD, OsAPX, OsNCED2, OsSOS1, OsCIPK24, OsCBL4, and OsNHX2), and leaf sodium ion content was lower compared with TNG67 plant. In addition, transgenic lines maintained electron transport rates and contained lower malondialdhyde (MDA) content than TNG67 plant did under salt-stress conditions. Overall results indicated salinity tolerance was improved by PFLP overexpression in transgenic rice plant. The PFLP gene is a potential candidate for improving salinity tolerance for valuable agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-En Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Taitung University, Taitung, 95002, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hsuan Ho
- Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 30015, Taiwan.
| | - Hsien-Yu Chao
- Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
| | - Mang-Jye Ger
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
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Yadav SK, Khatri K, Rathore MS, Jha B. Ectopic Expression of a Transmembrane Protein KaCyt b 6 from a Red Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in Transgenic Tobacco Augmented the Photosynthesis and Growth. DNA Cell Biol 2020:dna.2020.5479. [PMID: 32865429 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome b6f complex is a thylakoid membrane-localized protein and catalyses the transfer of electrons from plastoquinol to plastocyanin in photosynthetic electron transport chain. In the present study, Cytochrome b6 (KaCyt b6) gene from Kappaphycus alvarezii (a red seaweed) was overexpressed in tobacco. A 935 base pair (bp) long KaCyt b6 cDNA contained an open reading frame of 648 bp encoding a protein of 215 amino acids with an expected isoelectric point of 8.67 and a molecular mass of 24.37 kDa. The KaCyt b6 gene was overexpressed in tobacco under control of CaMV35S promoter. The transgenic tobacco had higher electron transfer rate and photosynthetic yield over wild-type and vector control tobacco. The KaCyt b6 tobacco also exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic gas exchange (PN) and improved water use efficiency. The transgenic plants had higher ratio of PN and intercellular CO2. The KaCyt b6 transgenic tobacco showed higher estimates of photosystem II quantum yield, higher activity of the water-splitting complex, PSII photochemistry, and photochemical quenching. The basal quantum yield of nonphotochemical processes in PSII was recorded lower in KaCyt b6 tobacco. Transgenic tobacco contained higher contents of carotenoids and total chlorophyll and also had better ratios of chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids and total chlorophyll contents hence improved photosynthetic efficiency and production of sugar and starch. The KaCyt b6 transgenic plants performed superior under control and greenhouse conditions. To the best of our knowledge through literature survey, this is the first report on characterization of KaCyt b6 gene from K. alvarezii for enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and growth in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta K Yadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kusum Khatri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, India
| | - Mangal S Rathore
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Simkin AJ. Genetic Engineering for Global Food Security: Photosynthesis and Biofortification. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E586. [PMID: 31835394 PMCID: PMC6963231 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Increasing demands for food and resources are challenging existing markets, driving a need to continually investigate and establish crop varieties with improved yields and health benefits. By the later part of the century, current estimates indicate that a >50% increase in the yield of most of the important food crops including wheat, rice and barley will be needed to maintain food supplies and improve nutritional quality to tackle what has become known as 'hidden hunger'. Improving the nutritional quality of crops has become a target for providing the micronutrients required in remote communities where dietary variation is often limited. A number of methods to achieve this have been investigated over recent years, from improving photosynthesis through genetic engineering, to breeding new higher yielding varieties. Recent research has shown that growing plants under elevated [CO2] can lead to an increase in Vitamin C due to changes in gene expression, demonstrating one potential route for plant biofortification. In this review, we discuss the current research being undertaken to improve photosynthesis and biofortify key crops to secure future food supplies and the potential links between improved photosynthesis and nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew John Simkin
- Genetics, Genomics and Breeding, NIAB EMR, East Malling, Kent, ME19 6BJ, UK
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Cui J, Xia W, Wei S, Zhang M, Wang W, Zeng D, Liu M, Sun Y, Lu W. Photosynthetic Performance of Rice Seedlings Originated from Seeds Exposed to Spaceflight Conditions. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:1205-1212. [PMID: 30864196 DOI: 10.1111/php.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the regulation on photosynthesis after spaceflight has not been fully understood. To learn more information about this, we conducted a series of experiments of photosystem, including photosynthetic physiological characteristics (fluorescence parameters, pigment contents), gene expression and proteomic change. We want to examine the response of rice (Oryza sativaDN416), whose seeds were placed in Bio-Radiation Box on the ShiJian-10(SJ-10) recoverable satellite. Our results demonstrated that the photosynthesis capacity of plants after spaceflight declined, compared to ground control plants. Specifically, Fv/Fm is significantly reduced for 7.5%. Chlorophyll content decreased in the three growth stages of rice, trefoil, tillering and mature stages. To further analyze changes under spaceflight environment, quantitative real-time PCR technology and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization (iTRAQ) labeling technology were deployed. We found that the gene expression of important subunits of key enzymes and important structures had been decreased after spaceflight. As for the results of changes in proteins, we discovered that the content of proteins related to electron transport and photosynthesis key enzyme declined. Our experiments can provide reference for further research to learn more about the effects of spaceflight on photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyan Xia
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyun Wei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Deyong Zeng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yeqing Sun
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Weihong Lu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Merga IF, Tripathi L, Hvoslef-Eide AK, Gebre E. Application of Genetic Engineering for Control of Bacterial Wilt Disease of Enset, Ethiopia's Sustainability Crop. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:133. [PMID: 30863414 PMCID: PMC6399475 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) is one of the Ethiopia's indigenous sustainability crops supporting the livelihoods of about 20 million people, mainly in the densely populated South and Southwestern parts of the country. Enset serves as a food security crop for humans, animal feed, and source of fiber for the producers. The production of enset has been constrained by plant pests, diseases, and abiotic factors. Among these constraints, bacterial wilt disease has been the most important limiting factor for enset production since its outbreak five decades ago. There is no known bacterial wilt disease resistant genetic material in the enset genetic pool to transfer this trait to susceptible enset varieties through conventional breeding. Moreover, the absence of effective chemicals against the disease has left farmers without means to combat bacterial wilt for decades. Genetic engineering has been the alternative approach to develop disease resistant plant materials in other crops where traditional breeding tools are ineffective. This review discusses enset cultivation and recent developments addressing the control of bacterial wilt disease in enset and related crops like banana to help design effective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibsa Fite Merga
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Leena Tripathi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Endale Gebre
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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