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Wang T, Tan L, Chen Z, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Zheng Z, Deng L, Zhang M, Sun G, He S, Wang J, Xiong B, Wang Z. Mitigating citrus fruit cracking: the efficacy of chelated calcium or silicon foliar fertilizers in 'Okitsu no. 58' citrus fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1402945. [PMID: 39114472 PMCID: PMC11303202 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1402945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The 'Okitsu No. 58' citrus variety is highly prone to fruit cracking, which jeopardizes yield and results in economic losses. In this study, we investigated the impacts of spraying 5 distinct concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 g/L) of chelated calcium (Ca) or silicon (Si) fertilizers at the young fruit stage (60-90 days after flowering, DAF) on fruit cracking and quality in the citrus variety 'Okitsu No. 58'. The results showed either Ca or Si fertilizer treatments reduced fruit cracking. We found that all Ca and partial Si treatments (0.4 and 0.5 g/L) significantly promoted the accumulation of Ca content in the peel. Notably, Ca or Si treatments significantly reduced polygalacturonase (PG) activity and inhibited the production of water-soluble pectin (WSP) in the peel. Additionally, Ca or Si treatments elevated the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the peels. Changes in these parameters likely contributed to strengthening the durability of peel cell wall constituents, thus enhancing the fruit's resistance to fruit cracking. Overall, except for the C3 (0.3 g/L of Ca), Ca or Si fertilizers contributed to fruit conventional quality, mainly in terms of higher soluble sugars (SS) and SS/TA (titratable acid). Therefore, our findings will provide a reference for the prevention and control of citrus fruit cracking and the development of new fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liping Tan
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaofang Chen
- The Industrial Crop Institute, Dazhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dazhou, China
| | - Youting Yang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhendong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Deng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingfei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guochao Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siya He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang M, Yang X, Yin C, Lin X, Liu K, Zhang K, Su Y, Zou X, Liao L, Wang X, He S, He R, Sun G, He J, Xiong B, Wang Z. Effect of exogenous melatonin on antioxidant properties and fruit softening of 'Fengtang' plum fruit ( Prunus salicina Lindl.) during storage at room temperature. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1348744. [PMID: 38510435 PMCID: PMC10950901 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
'Fengtang' plums soften quickly and lose flavor after harvest. This study comprehensively evaluated the effect of exogenous melatonin on the fruit quality of 'Fengtang' plums. According to our findings, exogenous melatonin prevented plum fruit from losing water, delayed the decline in firmness, and preserved a high TSS/TA level. Additionally, exogenous melatonin also enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased the non-enzymatic antioxidants, thereby further increasing the antioxidant capacity of plum fruit. Notably, exogenous melatonin delayed the degradation of covalent soluble pectin (CSP), cellulose, and hemicellulose, as well as the rise in water-soluble pectin (WSP) concentration and the activity of cell wall degrading enzymes. Further investigation using atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the chain-like structure of ionic-soluble pectin (ISP) and the self-assembly network structures of CSP were depolymerized, and melatonin treatment retarded the depolymerization of pectin structures. Our results showed that exogenous melatonin preserved the postharvest quality of plum fruits by controlling fruit softness and antioxidant capacity during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Wu D, Zhang D, Geng Z, Gao W, Tong M, Chu J, Yao X. Waterlogging faced by bulbil expansion improved the growth of Pinellia ternata and its effect reinforced by brassinolide. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108377. [PMID: 38271862 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The bulbil expansion of P. ternata is a key period for its yield formation, and the process of bulbil expansion is often subjected to short-term heavy precipitation. It is not clear whether the short-term waterlogging can affect bulbil expansion. Brassinolide (BR) is widely believed to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress. The study investigated the effects of normal water (C), waterlogging (W), waterlogging + BR (W + B), waterlogging + propiconazole (W + P) on P. ternata at the bulbil expansion period in order to assess P. ternata's ability to cope with waterlogging during the bulbil expansion stage and the regulation effects of BR on the process. The biomass of P. ternata was significantly increased after waterlogging. W treatment significantly reduced the H2O2 and MDA contents, the rate of O2⋅- production and the activities of antioxidant enzymes compared with the C group. AsA and GSH contents were significantly reduced by W treatment. However, the ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG were slightly affected by W treatment. The rate of O2∙- production and H2O2 content in W + B group were significantly lower than those in W group. The POD, APX, and GR activities, and GSH content in W + B group were evidently increased compared with the W group. Soluble sugar and active ingredients contents were significantly increased after waterlogging, and the enhancement was reinforced by BR. In conclusion, waterlogging reduced oxidative stress in P. ternata under the experimental conditions. BR treatment under waterlogging had a positive effect on P. ternata by enhancing antioxidant capacity and promoting the accumulation of soluble sugars and active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zixin Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengting Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jianzhou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China.
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Guo J, Bao G, Zhang X, Pan X, Zhao H, Fan C, Li G. Artemisinin and Ambrosia trifida extract aggravate the effects of short freeze-thaw stress in winter rye ( Secale cereale) seedlings. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:497-506. [PMID: 37105725 DOI: 10.1071/fp22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The freeze-thaw and allelopathy from alien giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) and artemisinin have led to a serious stress to plants, influencing the agricultural quality and crop yield in north-east China. Yet, little is known how allelopathy affect plants under the freeze-thaw process. In this study, the characteristics in winter rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings were investigated by laboratory simulation. The results showed that during the freezing process, application of artemisinin and A. trifida extract significantly increased the soluble protein content and accelerated lipid peroxidation, while they significantly inhibited antioxidant enzymes, photosynthesis and respiration (P <0.05). During the thawing process, the freezing pressure decreased, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly improved to mitigate artemisinin and A. trifida extract induced stress (P <0.05). In addition, the sensitivity of the investigated metabolic processes in winter rye seedlings were highest to artemisinin and A. trifida extract in the freezing process. This study suggested that the stress response induced by artemisinin and A. trifida extract on winter rye seedlings in the freezing process was greater than that in the thawing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jingyu 135200, China
| | - Cunxin Fan
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jingyu 135200, China
| | - Guomei Li
- Yushu Forestry and Grassland Comprehensive Service Center, Yushu 815000, China
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Guo J, Bao G, Yang Y, Xi J, Zhang X, Pan X, Zhao H, Li G, Fan C. Impact of repeated freeze-thaw cycles environment on the allelopathic effect to Secale cereale L. seedlings. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136476. [PMID: 36122740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathy, as environmental stress, plays a prominent role in stress ecotoxicity, and global warming directly increases freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) frequency in the winter. Yet, the effect between FTCs environment and allelopathy stress is rarely known, and the interaction of allelopathy stresses lacks consideration. Here, we addressed interactions between artemisinin stress (AS) and A. trifida extract stress (AES) under Non-FTCs and FTCs environments. The results found that AS and AES had an antagonistic relation under Non-FTCs environment, while a strong synergism and cooperation under FTCs environment affect the growth and physiology in S. cereale seedlings. Besides, AS and AES under FTCs environment had more inhibition on the growth of roots and shoots, chlorophylls, photosynthetic parameters, and relative water content; while more promotion on malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, and soluble protein. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were increased by AS and AES, showing a good resistance of S. cereale seedlings to allelopathy stress, but FTCs environment significantly weakened this resistance. Thus, the allelopathic effect of AS and AES on S. cereale seedlings was significantly emphasized by FTCs environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Yinan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University); Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jilin province, Jingyu, 135200, China
| | - Guomei Li
- Yushu Forestry and Grassland Comprehensive Service Center, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yushu, 815000, China
| | - Cunxin Fan
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jilin province, Jingyu, 135200, China
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Wang Z, Liu J, White JF, Li C. Epichloë bromicola from wild barley improves salt-tolerance of cultivated barley by altering physiological responses to salt stress. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1044735. [PMID: 36504776 PMCID: PMC9730248 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1044735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epichloë bromicola is a cultivable fungal endophyte that lives in symbiosis with wild barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum) to which it confers salt tolerance. This study tested the hypothesis that E. bromicola derived from wild barley has the potential to increase salt tolerance in cultivated barley under salt stress. Methods To test this hypothesis, the growth response, physiological parameters, and metabolic profiles of barley plants inoculated with E. bromicola (E+) and those not inoculated with E. bromicola (E-) were compared under salt stress. Results Compared with E- barley plants, E+ barley plants had significantly increased plant height, shoot biomass, total biomass, chlorophyll content, osmotic synthesis, and accumulation of stress adaptation metabolites. E. bromicola increased the salt stress tolerance of cultivated barley, and the positive effects correlated with different salt stress conditions. Discussion These results suggest that E. bromicola has promising potential for enhancing the salt tolerance of barley. New insights into the mechanisms underlying this barley-fungal endophyte association are provided, and interesting questions regarding the role of E. bromicola in fungus-enhanced tolerance to salt stress in this symbiosis are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Wang
- Economic Crops and Malt Barley Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry, Centre for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - James F. White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Chunjie Li
- Grassland Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Chunjie Li
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Genetic Relationship, SPAD Reading, and Soluble Sugar Content as Indices for Evaluating the Graft Compatibility of Citrus Interstocks. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111639. [PMID: 36358340 PMCID: PMC9687967 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Grafting is a critical agricultural practice in citrus growing. The effectiveness of grafting not only depends on the technique but also on the stock–scion combinations. In this study, we investigated the grafting compatibility of five interstock combinations based on physiological and biochemical traits. The results revealed that the grafting compatibility in the early stages of grafting mediated by interstocks was related to the genetic relationship. The leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD reading, soil plant analysis development) and soluble sugar could be employed as preselected indicators to assess compatibility in the late stage of grafting. Our findings lay the foundation for the further research on rootstock–scion interaction mechanism. Abstract The interstock, a stock between the rootstock and scion, has a significant regulatory effect on the stock and scion, and its function is highly dependent on graft compatibility. To assess the graft compatibility of the interstock and scion, ‘Yuanxiaochun’ was top grafted onto ‘Ponkan’, ‘Shiranuhi’, ‘Harumi’, ‘Tarocco’, and ‘Kumquat’. The results showed significant differences in the survival ratio and preservation ratio among different combinations. Grafting compatibility in the early stages of grafting was associated with the genetic relationship. The biomass accumulation revealed that the interstock could influence both the rootstock and the scion. The physiological and biochemical traits analysis suggested that SPAD reading and soluble sugar could be employed as preselected indices to evaluate graft compatibility in the late stage of grafting. These results indicated that the evaluation of graft compatibility was a dynamic process. The findings provided a new approach for studying the stock and scion interaction mechanisms mediated by interstock, and directly provided a theoretical and practical basis for the high-grafting of ‘Yuanxiaochun’ citrus.
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Exploration of ecological restoration of saline-alkali land based on NbS--Study on the salt resistance and desalination performance of three cash crops. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275828. [PMID: 36215314 PMCID: PMC9550059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the current global environmental problems. Current research on crops in saline-alkali land focuses on salt tolerance, but less on its ecological benefits. However, plants and the environment can interact and influence each other, which is the theory used to carry out Nature-based Solutions (NbS). Therefore, the research on crop plants with both ecological and economic benefits is novel and valuable work. Then three widely planted cash crops (Solanum melongena, Momordica charantia, Capsicum annuum) were selected for salt stress treatment (NaCl, 150mmol/L), some physiological indicators (chlorophyll, soluble protein, Proline (Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA)) of plant and the soil properties (electrical conductivity, pH, the soil salt content) were measured. The results showed that the salinity content of the three plant cultivation soils was significantly different (P<0.05) after the salt stress; all three crops had some desalination capacity, but Capsicum annuum had the strongest salt resistance and desalination capacity.
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Qu Y, Bao G, Pan X, Bao L, Guo J, Xi J, Zhang X, Yang Y, Zhao H, Li G. Response characteristics of highland barley ( Hordeum vulgare) seedlings to the stress of salinity and artemisinin under freeze–thaw environment. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:958-969. [PMID: 35908798 DOI: 10.1071/fp21359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, crops are commonly subjected to freeze-thaw and salt stress factors simultaneously, and allelopathy is common, which affects the growth of highland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), the largest food crop in Tibet. In order to explore the effects of artemisinin, salt and freeze-thaw (FAS) stress on physiological characteristics of highland barley seedlings, hydroponic experiment was carried out with the addition of 20mg/L artemisinin and 150mMNaCl as well as the simulation of freeze-thaw environment. The results suggested that under combined stress, the soluble protein content in combined stresses of artemisinin, FAS increased by 97.8%, the variation of relative conductivity in FAS group was lower than that in combined salt and freeze-thaw stress (FS), the relative water content decreased significantly (P <0.05), the malondialdehyde (MDA), H2 O2 and soluble sugar content in FAS group accumulated but less than those in FS group, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in combined artemisinin and freeze-thaw stress (FA) and FAS groups decreased. In addition, after freeze-thaw treatment, photosynthesis was weakened, and internal CO2 conentration (C i ) in FAS group significantly decreased (P <0.05). This study proved that appropriate amount of artemisinin can alleviate the damage of salt and freeze-thaw stress on barley seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Changchun 130012, China; and College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Changchun 130012, China; and College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Changchun 130012, China; and College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lan Bao
- Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiancai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Changchun 130012, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Changchun 130012, China; and College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jinyu 135200, China
| | - Guomei Li
- Yushu Forestry and Grassland Comprehensive Service Center, Yushu 815000, China
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Zhang W, Bao G, Tang W, Dai G, Xiao J, Liu J, Wang Z, Xi J. Physiological response of barley seedlings to salinity and artemisinin combined stresses under freeze-thaw environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:70552-70563. [PMID: 35588037 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, both the large daily temperature difference and soil salinization make plants susceptible to abiotic stresses such as freeze-thaw and salinity. Meanwhile, crops in this area can be affected by artemisinin, an antimalarial secondary metabolite produced in Artemisia. Under freeze-thaw and salinity stresses, artemisinin was induced as an allelopathy stress factor to explore the physiological response of highland barley, including the relative electrical conductivity (RC), soluble protein (SP) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and water use efficiency (WUE). Compared with the control group, the contents of RC and MDA in seedling leaves under stress were significantly increased by 24.74-402.37% and 20.18-77.95%, indicating that cell membrane permeability was greatly damaged, and WUE was significantly decreased by 15.77-238.59%. The activity of enzymes increased under single stress and decreased under combined stress. Salinity, artemisinin, and freeze-thaw stress show a synergistic relationship; that is, compound stresses were more serious than single stress. In summary, the results of this study revealed the physiological and ecological responses of barley seedlings under different habitat stresses and the interactions among different stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Gejun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jiapeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
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Zhao XL, Li P, Qu C, Lu R, Li ZH. Phytotoxicity of environmental norfloxacin concentrations on the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrrhiza: Evaluation of growth parameters, photosynthetic toxicity and biochemical traits. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 258:109365. [PMID: 35525467 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging pollutant, the increasing use of antibiotics in wastewater posed a serious threat to non-target organisms in the environment. Duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza) is a common higher aquatic plant broadly used in phytotoxicity tests for xenobiotic substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic toxicity of norfloxacin (NOR) on Spirodela polyrrhiza during 18 days of exposure. Our study investigated the addition of NOR into the medium with environment-related concentrations (0, 0.1, 10, and 1000 μg L-1). Subsequently, biomarkers of toxicity such as growth, pigment, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, indicators of oxidative stress, and osmotic regulatory substances content were analyzed in duckweed. In response to NOR exposure, obvious chlorosis, declines in growth and photosynthetic pigment, and photosystem II inhibition were noted in a concentration dependent manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant activity content increased in the treated fronds, which indicated that oxidative stress was specifically affected by NOR exposure. A slight increase in osmotic regulatory substances in NOR treated setups than in the control represented the increasing stress resistance. These results suggest NOR exerts its toxic effects on the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Rong Lu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
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Liu H, Bao G, Dou Z, Liu H, Bai J, Chen Y, Yuan Y, Zhang X, Xi J. Response characteristics of highland barley under freeze-thaw, drought and artemisinin stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:126. [PMID: 35300590 PMCID: PMC8932327 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The freeze-thaw of early spring in China's Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is often accompanied by severe droughts. Artemisia annua, widely distributed in China, releases allelopathic substances, mainly artemisinin, to the environment and exerts a wide range of effects on crops. This paper studied the physiological effects of highland barley under freeze-thaw, drought, and artemisinin stress through indoor simulation experiments. The physiological response characteristics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (POD) activity, net photosynthetic rate, relative water content (RWC), relative electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and soluble protein content in highland barley were analyzed. The results showed that artemisinin and drought contributed to the increase of SOD activity and the decrease of POD activity. Under the freeze-thaw stress, the SOD and POD activities both decreased firstly and then increased, but the effect of compound stress on POD was more complicated. Either artemisinin, drought, or low temperature could reduce the net photosynthetic rate of highland barley. Low temperature had more significant impacts on photosynthesis, and compound stress would show a single stress superimposed effect. Artemisinin, drought, and low temperature could reduce the RWC of highland barley, and increase the relative electrical conductivity and the concentration of soluble protein (except for low temperature stress above zero, which reduces the concentration of soluble protein). However, the effect of compound stress on soluble protein is more complex. The single stress of artemisinin and drought had no obvious effect on MDA content, while the MDA content was increased significantly under the freeze-thaw stress and the compound stress of artemisinin and drought, and the MDA content reached its peak at T1. The results are helpful to explore the effects of freeze-thaw, drought and artemisinin stress on the growth of highland barley under the background of the aridification of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and provide ideas for rational agricultural management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Liu
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Changchun, China.
| | - Zihao Dou
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Haoyuan Liu
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jingqi Bai
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yingyi Chen
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yifu Yuan
- College of Computer Science&Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
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Zhang L, Bao G, Zhang M, Yu Z, Guan T, Li J, Su Y, Xi J. Physiological effects of different stubble height and freeze-thaw stress on Secale cereale L. seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:451. [PMID: 34615488 PMCID: PMC8493682 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a biennial plant, Secale cereale L is usually harvested in the autumn in the northern part of China where the temperature difference between day and night is of great disparity Through the pot experiment, the seedlings were cut to 2, 6 and 10 cm stubble height, and the simulated freeze-thaw (FT) stress (10/- 5 °C) was carried out after 6 days regrowth. The physiological effects of FT with different stubble height were revealed by analyzing the relative water content (RWC), osmotic adjustment substance concentration (soluble sugar and protein), membrane peroxidation (MDA) and catalase (CAT) activity. RESULTS The results demonstrated that under freeze stress (- 5 °C), the content of soluble protein and MDA decreased and the seedlings of 2 cm treatment kept higher level of soluble protein and MDA, while the seedlings of 6 and 10 cm treatments kept higher level of the RWC, soluble sugar content, and CAT activity. After FT stress, the content of soluble sugar and protein, RWC in the 6 cm treatment were higher than those in 2 cm and 10 cm treatments, and the CAT activity in 10 cm treatment was the highest while the MDA content is lower. CONCLUSION These data suggest that keeping high stubble height is more adaptive for short-term FT stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longtian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zihang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Tao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yidan Su
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education (Jilin University), Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jinghui Xi
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
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Bao G, Tang W, An Q, Liu Y, Tian J, Zhao N, Zhu S. Physiological effects of the combined stresses of freezing-thawing, acid precipitation and deicing salt on alfalfa seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:204. [PMID: 32393175 PMCID: PMC7216480 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent freeze-thaw phenomena, together with widely used deicing salt and intense acid precipitation, often occur in northeastern China, causing damage to various aspects of plants, such as the permeability of biological membranes, osmotic adjustment, and photosystems. Aiming to explore the resistance of alfalfa to freezing-thawing (F), acid precipitation (A) and deicing salt (D), this study used Medicago sativa cv. Dongmu-70 as the experimental material, and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein, soluble sugars, proline and chlorophyll were evaluated. RESULTS As the temperature decreased, the MDA content in the seedlings of the group under combined stress (A-D-F) increased and was significantly higher than that of group F (by 69.48 ~ 136.40%). Compared with those in the control (CK) group, osmotic substances such as soluble sugars and proline in the treatment groups were higher, while the soluble protein content was lower. The chlorophyll contents in the seedlings of the treatment groups were lower than those of the CK group; however, the chlorophyll content displayed a non-significant change during the free-thaw cycle. CONCLUSION Injury to the permeability of the biological membranes and photosystems of alfalfa results from stress. Moreover, alfalfa maintains osmotic balance by adaptively increasing the potential of osmotic substances such as soluble sugars and proline. Furthermore, the influence of stress from freezing-thawing and deicing salt is highly substantial, but the combined stresses of acid precipitation with the two factors mentioned above had little effect on the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhang Bao
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qirui An
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yaoxin Liu
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jiaqi Tian
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Saning Zhu
- Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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Effects of Nitrogen Dioxide on Biochemical Responses in 41 Garden Plants. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8020045. [PMID: 30781496 PMCID: PMC6409717 DOI: 10.3390/plants8020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at a high concentration is among the most common and harmful air pollutants. The present study aimed to explore the physiological responses of plants exposed to NO2. A total of 41 plants were classified into 13 functional groups according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification system. The plants were exposed to 6 μL/L NO2 in an open-top glass chamber. The physiological parameters (chlorophyll (Chl) content, peroxidase (POD) activity, and soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations) and leaf mineral ion contents (nitrogen (N+), phosphorus (P+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), manganese (Mn2+), and zinc (Zn2+)) of 41 garden plants were measured. After NO2 exposure, the plants were subsequently transferred to a natural environment for a 30-d recovery to determine whether they could recover naturally and resume normal growth. The results showed that NO2 polluted the plants and that NO2 exposure affected leaf Chl contents in most functional groups. Increases in both POD activity and soluble protein and MDA concentrations as well as changes in mineral ion concentrations could act as signals for inducing defense responses. Furthermore, antioxidant status played an important role in plant protection against NO2-induced oxidative damage. NO2 poses a pollution risk to plant systems, and antioxidant status plays an important role in plant protection against NO2-induced oxidative damage. In conditions of strong air pollution, more evergreen plants may be considered in landscape design, particularly in seasonal regions. The results of this study may provide useful data for the selection of landscaping plants in NO2 polluted areas.
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Bao G, Tang W, He F, Chen W, Zhu Y, Fan C, Zhang M, Chang Y, Sun J, Ding X. Physiological response in the leaf and stolon of white clover under acid precipitation and freeze-thaw stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 47:50-57. [PMID: 31813412 DOI: 10.1071/fp19072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-thaw (FT) in northern China is a common event in spring and autumn, and the release of sulfur dioxide from coal-burning in winter is apt to trigger acid precipitation. Both these stresses can aggravate the wintering ability of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Acid precipitation and FT simulation experiments were carried out in the field and an indoor alternation refrigerator, respectively. The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline and antioxidant activity were tested under acid precipitation and FT stress. The results showed that under acid precipitation stress, the content of MDA, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase increased in both leaves and stolons, whereas soluble protein and soluble sugar content declined compared with the control groups. During the freezing period, the content of antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble protein and proline increased at first and then dropped, whereas MDA and soluble sugar content both increased. As a conclusion, the stolon of white clover is more sensitive than the leaf to short-term stress, either as the single FT stress or the combined stress of FT and acid precipitation, suggesting that maintaining more leaves can contribute to the resistance of white clover to these stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China; and Corresponding author.
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Fanglin He
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Cunxin Fan
- The Administration of Jingyu Water Conservation, Jingyu, Jilin Province 135200, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yixin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
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