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Yang Q, Ran Y, Guo Y, Zeng J, Song Y, Qiao D, Xu H, Cao Y. Enhancement of lipid synthesis by the transcription factor Asg1 in Saitozyma podzolica zwy-2-3 under dissolved oxygen stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 411:131312. [PMID: 39168414 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Microbial oils have been of considerable interest as food additives and biofuel resources due to high lipid contents, but lipid accumulation of oleaginous microorganisms can be induced by environmental stresses, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), which limit large-scale lipid production. Here, DO stress gave rise to the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) level to mediate S-nitrosylation of SpAsg1, regulating the lipid accumulation in Saitozyma podzolica zwy-2-3. Notably, qRT-PCR, yeast one-hybrid, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and metabolomics analysis exhibited that overexpression of SpAsg1 promoted lipid synthesis by directly regulation of glucose metabolism, enhancing glucose uptake, ATP and NADPH contents under DO stress. Meanwhile, SpAsg1 improved the antioxidant capacity to reduce the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO levels. Overall, we systematically investigated the regulation of SpAsg1 on lipid metabolism of S. podzolica zwy-2-3 under DO stress, which sheds light on further studies for alleviating oxygen limitation of lipid production in microbial industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhuoma Yang
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yulu Ran
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yihan Guo
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yao Song
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Dairong Qiao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
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Sereti F, Alexandri M, Papadaki A, Papapostolou H, Kopsahelis N. Carotenoids production by Rhodosporidium paludigenum yeasts: Characterization of chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. J Biotechnol 2024; 386:52-63. [PMID: 38548021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The high market potential imposed by natural carotenoids has turned the scientific interest in search for new strains, capable of synthesizing a wide spectrum of these pigments. In this study, Rhodosporidium paludigenum NCYC 2663 and 2664 were investigated for carotenoids production and lipid accumulation utilizing different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, mixture of glucose: galactose). Strain R. paludigenum 2663 produced the highest total carotenoids titer (2.21 mg/L) when cultivated on sucrose, together with 4 g/L lipids (30% w/w content) and 7 g/L exopolysaccharides. In the case of R. paludigenum 2664, glucose favored the production of 2.93 mg/L total carotenoids and 1.57 g/L lipids (31.8% w/w content). Analysis of the chemical profile during fermentation revealed that β-carotene was the prominent carotenoid. Strain 2663 co-produced γ-carotene, torulene and torularhodin in lower amounts, whereas 2664 synthesized almost exclusively β-carotene. The produced lipids from strain 2663 were rich in oleic acid, while the presence of linoleic acid was also detected in the lipoic fraction from strain 2664. The obtained carotenoid extracts exhibited antioxidant (IC50 0.14 mg/mL) and high antimicrobial activity, against common bacterial and fungal pathogenic strains. The results of this study are promising for the utilization of biotechnologically produced carotenoids in food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Sereti
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Maria Alexandri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papadaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Harris Papapostolou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kopsahelis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ionian University, Argostoli, Kefalonia 28100, Greece.
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Ochoa-Viñals N, Alonso-Estrada D, Faife-Pérez E, Chen Z, Michelena-Alvarez G, Martínez-Hernández JL, García-Cruz A, Ilina A. β-Carotene production from sugarcane molasses by a newly isolated Rhodotorula toruloides L/24-26-1. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:245. [PMID: 38702537 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Production of carotenoids by yeast fermentation is an advantaged technology due to its easy scaling and safety. Nevertheless, carotenoid production needs an economic culture medium and other efficient yeast stains. The study aims to isolate and identify a yeast strain capable of producing carotenoids using a cost-effective substrate. A new strain was identified as Rhodotorula toruloides L/24-26-1, which can produce carotenoids at different pretreated and unpretreated sugarcane molasses concentrations (40 and 80 g/L). The highest biomass concentration (18.6 ± 0.6 g/L) was reached in the culture using 80 g/L of hydrolyzed molasses. On the other hand, the carotenoid accumulation reached the maximum value using pretreated molasses at 40 g/L (715.4 ± 15.1 µg/g d.w). In this case, the β-carotene was 1.5 times higher than that on the control medium. The yeast growth in molasses was not correlated with carotenoid production. The most outstanding production of The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP tests demonstrated the antioxidant activity of the obtained carotenogenic extracts. This research demonstrated the R. toruloides L/24-26-1 strain biotechnological potential for carotenoid compounds. The yeast produces carotenoids with antioxidant activity in an inexpensive medium, such as sulfuric acid pretreated and unpretreated molasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayra Ochoa-Viñals
- Nanobioscience Group, Chemical Science School of the Autonomous University of Coahuila, Blvd. V. Carranza E Ing. José Cárdenas V., Col. República, Saltillo, CP, 25280, Coahuila, México
| | - Dania Alonso-Estrada
- Nanobioscience Group, Chemical Science School of the Autonomous University of Coahuila, Blvd. V. Carranza E Ing. José Cárdenas V., Col. República, Saltillo, CP, 25280, Coahuila, México
| | - Evelyn Faife-Pérez
- Cuban Institute for Research On Sugarcane Derivatives (ICIDCA), Vía Blanca 804 and Carretera Central, 11000, Havana, CP, Cuba
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Georgina Michelena-Alvarez
- Cuban Institute for Research On Sugarcane Derivatives (ICIDCA), Vía Blanca 804 and Carretera Central, 11000, Havana, CP, Cuba
| | - José Luis Martínez-Hernández
- Nanobioscience Group, Chemical Science School of the Autonomous University of Coahuila, Blvd. V. Carranza E Ing. José Cárdenas V., Col. República, Saltillo, CP, 25280, Coahuila, México
| | - Ariel García-Cruz
- Department of Engineering, National Technological Institute of Mexico/TI of Ciudad Valles, Ciudad Valles, SL, 79010, México
| | - Anna Ilina
- Nanobioscience Group, Chemical Science School of the Autonomous University of Coahuila, Blvd. V. Carranza E Ing. José Cárdenas V., Col. República, Saltillo, CP, 25280, Coahuila, México.
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Kobalter S, Voit A, Bekerle-Bogner M, Rudalija H, Haas A, Wriessnegger T, Pichler H. Tuning Fatty Acid Profile and Yield in Pichia pastoris. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1412. [PMID: 38136003 PMCID: PMC10741089 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have been supplied for diverse non-food, industrial applications from plant oils and animal fats for many decades. Due to the massively increasing world population demanding a nutritious diet and the thrive to provide feedstocks for industrial production lines in a sustainable way, i.e., independent from food supply chains, alternative fatty acid sources have massively gained in importance. Carbohydrate-rich side-streams of agricultural production, e.g., molasses, lignocellulosic waste, glycerol from biodiesel production, and even CO2, are considered and employed as carbon sources for the fermentative accumulation of fatty acids in selected microbial hosts. While certain fatty acid species are readily accumulated in native microbial metabolic routes, other fatty acid species are scarce, and host strains need to be metabolically engineered for their high-level production. We report the metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris to produce palmitoleic acid from glucose and discuss the beneficial and detrimental engineering steps in detail. Fatty acid secretion was achieved through the deletion of fatty acyl-CoA synthetases and overexpression of the truncated E. coli thioesterase 'TesA. The best strains secreted >1 g/L free fatty acids into the culture medium. Additionally, the introduction of C16-specific ∆9-desaturases and fatty acid synthases, coupled with improved cultivation conditions, increased the palmitoleic acid content from 5.5% to 22%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kobalter
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Alena Voit
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Myria Bekerle-Bogner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Haris Rudalija
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Anne Haas
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Tamara Wriessnegger
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Fernandes MA, Mota MN, Faria NT, Sá-Correia I. An Evolved Strain of the Oleaginous Yeast Rhodotorula toruloides, Multi-Tolerant to the Major Inhibitors Present in Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates, Exhibits an Altered Cell Envelope. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1073. [PMID: 37998878 PMCID: PMC10672028 DOI: 10.3390/jof9111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of toxic compounds in lignocellulosic hydrolysates (LCH) is among the main barriers affecting the efficiency of lignocellulose-based fermentation processes, in particular, to produce biofuels, hindering the production of intracellular lipids by oleaginous yeasts. These microbial oils are promising sustainable alternatives to vegetable oils for biodiesel production. In this study, we explored adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE), under methanol- and high glycerol concentration-induced selective pressures, to improve the robustness of a Rhodotorula toruloides strain, previously selected to produce lipids from sugar beet hydrolysates by completely using the major C (carbon) sources present. An evolved strain, multi-tolerant not only to methanol but to four major inhibitors present in LCH (acetic acid, formic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, and furfural) was isolated and the mechanisms underlying such multi-tolerance were examined, at the cellular envelope level. Results indicate that the evolved multi-tolerant strain has a cell wall that is less susceptible to zymolyase and a decreased permeability, based on the propidium iodide fluorescent probe, in the absence or presence of those inhibitors. The improved performance of this multi-tolerant strain for lipid production from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate medium, supplemented with those inhibitors, was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica A. Fernandes
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta N. Mota
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno T. Faria
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sá-Correia
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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6
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Lopes DD, Dien BS, Hector RE, Singh V, Thompson SR, Slininger PJ, Boundy-Mills K, Jagtap SS, Rao CV. Determining mating type and ploidy in Rhodotorula toruloides and its effect on growth on sugars from lignocellulosic biomass. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 50:kuad040. [PMID: 37989723 PMCID: PMC10690854 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Rhodotorula toruloides is being developed for the use in industrial biotechnology processes because of its favorable physiology. This includes its ability to produce and store large amounts of lipids in the form of intracellular lipid bodies. Nineteen strains were characterized for mating type, ploidy, robustness for growth, and accumulation of lipids on inhibitory switchgrass hydrolysate (SGH). Mating type was determined using a novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay, which was validated using the classical microscopic test. Three of the strains were heterozygous for mating type (A1/A2). Ploidy analysis revealed a complex pattern. Two strains were triploid, eight haploid, and eight either diploid or aneuploid. Two of the A1/A2 strains were compared to their parents for growth on 75%v/v concentrated SGH. The A1/A2 strains were much more robust than the parental strains, which either did not grow or had extended lag times. The entire set was evaluated in 60%v/v SGH batch cultures for growth kinetics and biomass and lipid production. Lipid titers were 2.33-9.40 g/L with a median of 6.12 g/L, excluding the two strains that did not grow. Lipid yields were 0.032-0.131 (g/g) and lipid contents were 13.5-53.7% (g/g). Four strains had significantly higher lipid yields and contents. One of these strains, which had among the highest lipid yield in this study (0.131 ± 0.007 g/g), has not been previously described in the literature. SUMMARY The yeast Rhodotorula toruloides was used to produce oil using sugars extracted from a bioenergy grass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Dias Lopes
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, (Bioenergy Research), 1815 N University, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Bruce S Dien
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, (Bioenergy Research), 1815 N University, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ronald E Hector
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, (Bioenergy Research), 1815 N University, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Vijay Singh
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephanie R Thompson
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, (Bioenergy Research), 1815 N University, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Patricia J Slininger
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, (Bioenergy Research), 1815 N University, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Kyria Boundy-Mills
- Phaff Yeast Culture Collection, Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sujit S Jagtap
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Christopher V Rao
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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