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Zbair M, Limousy L, Drané M, Richard C, Juge M, Aemig Q, Trably E, Escudié R, Peyrelasse C, Bennici S. Integration of Digestate-Derived Biochar into the Anaerobic Digestion Process through Circular Economic and Environmental Approaches-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3527. [PMID: 39063819 PMCID: PMC11278828 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The growing energy consumption and the need for a circular economy have driven considerable interest in the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste, offering potential solutions through biogas and digestate production. AD processes not only have the capability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also contribute to the production of renewable methane. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate prior research on AD involving different feedstocks. The principles of AD are explored and discussed, including both chemical and biological pathways and the microorganisms involved at each stage. Additionally, key variables influencing system performance, such as temperature, pH, and C/N ratio are also discussed. Various pretreatment strategies applied to enhance biogas generation from organic waste in AD are also reviewed. Furthermore, this review examines the conversion of generated digestate into biochar through pyrolysis and its utilization to improve AD performance. The addition of biochar has demonstrated its efficacy in enhancing metabolic processes, microorganisms (activity and community), and buffering capacity, facilitating Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer (DIET), and boosting CH4 production. Biochar also exhibits the ability to capture undesirable components, including CO2, H2S, NH3, and siloxanes. The integration of digestate-derived biochar into the circular economy framework emerges as a vital role in closing the material flow loop. Additionally, the review discusses the environmental benefits derived from coupling AD with pyrolysis processes, drawing on life cycle assessment investigations. Techno-economic assessment (TEA) studies of the integrated processes are also discussed, with an acknowledgment of the need for further TEA to validate the viability of integrating the biochar industry. Furthermore, this survey examines the techno-economic and environmental impacts of biochar production itself and its potential application in AD for biogas generation, aiming to establish a more cost-effective and sustainable integrated system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zbair
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (M.Z.); (M.D.); (S.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lionel Limousy
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (M.Z.); (M.D.); (S.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Méghane Drané
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (M.Z.); (M.D.); (S.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Charlotte Richard
- ENGIE, Lab CRIGEN, 4 Rue Joséphine Baker, 93240 Stains, France; (C.R.); (M.J.); (Q.A.)
| | - Marine Juge
- ENGIE, Lab CRIGEN, 4 Rue Joséphine Baker, 93240 Stains, France; (C.R.); (M.J.); (Q.A.)
| | - Quentin Aemig
- ENGIE, Lab CRIGEN, 4 Rue Joséphine Baker, 93240 Stains, France; (C.R.); (M.J.); (Q.A.)
| | - Eric Trably
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, LBE, 102 Av. des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France; (E.T.); (R.E.)
| | - Renaud Escudié
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, LBE, 102 Av. des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France; (E.T.); (R.E.)
| | | | - Simona Bennici
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (M.Z.); (M.D.); (S.B.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Cao XD, Jien SH, Yang CW, Lin YH, Liao CS. Innovative Microbial Immobilization Strategy for Di- n-Butyl Phthalate Biodegradation Using Biochar-Calcium Alginate-Waterborne Polyurethane Composites. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1265. [PMID: 39065034 PMCID: PMC11278806 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is a prevalent phthalate ester widely used as a plasticizer, leading to its widespread presence in various environmental matrices. This study presents an innovative microbial immobilization strategy utilizing biochar, calcium alginate (alginate-Ca, (C12H14CaO12)n), and waterborne polyurethane (WPU) composites to enhance the biodegradation efficiency of DBP. The results revealed that rice husk biochar, pyrolyzed at 300 °C, exhibits relatively safer and more stable physical and chemical properties, making it an effective immobilization matrix. Additionally, the optimal cultural conditions for Bacillus aquimaris in DBP biodegradation were identified as incubation at 30 °C and pH 7, with the supplementation of 0.15 g of yeast extract, 0.0625 g of glucose, and 1 CMC of Triton X-100. Algal biotoxicity results indicated a significant decrease in biotoxicity, as evidenced by an increase in chlorophyll a content in Chlorella vulgaris following DBP removal from the culture medium. Finally, microbial community analysis demonstrated that encapsulating B. aquimaris within alginate-Ca and WPU layers not only enhanced DBP degradation, but also prevented ecological competition from indigenous microorganisms. This novel approach showcases the potential of agricultural waste utilization and microbial immobilization techniques for the remediation of DBP-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Di Cao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840203, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Hao Jien
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Chu-Wen Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei 111002, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Environmental Engineering Research Center, Sinotech Engineering Consultants Inc., Taipei 114065, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Sen Liao
- Department of Medical Science and Biotechnology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
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He Z, Lin H, Sui J, Wang K, Wang H, Cao L. Seafood waste derived carbon nanomaterials for removal and detection of food safety hazards. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172332. [PMID: 38615776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanobiotechnology and the engineering of nanomaterials are currently the main focus of many researches. Seafood waste carbon nanomaterials (SWCNs) are a renewable resource with large surface area, porous structure, high reactivity, and abundant active sites. They efficiently adsorb food contaminants through π-π conjugated, ion exchange, and electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, SWCNs prepared from seafood waste are rich in N and O functional groups. They have high quantum yield (QY) and excellent fluorescence properties, making them promising materials for the removal and detection of pollutants. It provides an opportunity by which solutions to the long-term challenges of the food industry in assessing food safety, maintaining food quality, detecting contaminants and pretreating samples can be found. In addition, carbon nanomaterials can be used as adsorbents to reduce environmental pollutants and prevent food safety problems from the source. In this paper, the types of SWCNs are reviewed; the synthesis, properties and applications of SWCNs are reviewed and the raw material selection, preparation methods, reaction conditions and formation mechanisms of biomass-based carbon materials are studied in depth. Finally, the advantages of seafood waste carbon and its composite materials in pollutant removal and detection were discussed, and existing problems were pointed out, which provided ideas for the future development and research directions of this interesting and versatile material. Based on the concept of waste pricing and a recycling economy, the aim of this paper is to outline current trends and the future potential to transform residues from the seafood waste sector into valuable biological (nano) materials, and to apply them to food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Limin Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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Si H, Wang R, Zhao Y, Hao H, Zhao C, Xing S, Yu H, Liang X, Lu J, Chen X, Wang B. Large-scale soil application of hydrochar: Reducing its polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content and toxicity by heating. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134467. [PMID: 38691930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The beneficial roles of hydrochar in carbon sequestration and soil improvement are widely accepted. Despite few available reports regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated during preparation, their potential negative impacts on ecosystems remain a concern. A heating treatment method was employed in this study for rapidly removing PAHs and reducing the toxicity of corn stover-based hydrochar (CHC). The result showed total PAHs content (∑PAH) decreased and then sharply increased within the temperature range from 150 °C to 400 °C. The ∑PAH and related toxicity in CHC decreased by more than 80% under 200 °C heating temperature, compared with those in the untreated sample, representing the lowest microbial toxicity. Benzo(a)pyrene produced a significant influence on the ecological toxicity of the hydrochar among the 16 types of PAHs. The impact of thermal treatment on the composition, content, and toxicity of PAHs was significantly influenced by the adsorption, migration, and desorption of PAHs within hydrochar pores, as well as the disintegration and aggregation of large molecular polymers. The combination of hydrochar with carbonized waste heat and exhaust gas collection could be a promising method to efficiently and affordably reduce hydrochar ecological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Si
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Han Hao
- Jinan Xinhang Experimental Foreign Language School, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Changkai Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Sen Xing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hewei Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - JiKai Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, 66 Wa-liu Road, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
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Kapoor RT, Zdarta J. Fabrication of engineered biochar for remediation of toxic contaminants in soil matrices and soil valorization. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142101. [PMID: 38653395 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has emerged as an efficacious green material for remediation of a wide spectrum of environmental pollutants. Biochar has excellent characteristics and can be used to reduce the bioavailability and leachability of emerging pollutants in soil through adsorption and other physico-chemical reactions. This paper systematically reviewed previous researches on application of biochar/engineered biochar for removal of soil contaminants, and underlying adsorption mechanism. Engineered biochar are derivatives of pristine biochar that are modified by various physico-chemical and biological procedures to improve their adsorption capacities for contaminants. This review will promote the possibility to expand the application of biochar for restoration of degraded lands in the industrial area or saline soil, and further increase the useable area. This review shows that application of biochar is a win-win strategy for recycling and utilization of waste biomass and environmental remediation. Application of biochar for remediation of contaminated soils may provide a new solution to the problem of soil pollution. However, these studies were performed mainly in a laboratory or a small scale, hence, further investigations are required to fill the research gaps and to check real-time applicability of engineered biochar on the industrial contaminated sites for its large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Thapar Kapoor
- Centre for Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201 313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965, Poznan, Poland.
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Yao C, Wang B, Zhang J, Faheem M, Feng Q, Hassan M, Zhang X, Lee X, Wang S. Formation mechanisms and degradation methods of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochar: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120610. [PMID: 38581889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has been widely used in soil amendment and environmental remediation. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) could be produced in preparation of biochar, which may pose potential risks to the environment and human health. At present, most studies focus on the ecotoxicity potential of biochar, while there are few systematic reviews on the formation mechanisms and mitigation strategies of PAHs in biochar. Therefore, a systematical understanding of the distribution, formation mechanisms, risk assessment, and degradation approaches of PAHs in biochar is highly needed. In this paper, the distribution and content of the total and bioavailable PAHs in biochar are reviewed. Then the formation mechanisms, influencing factors, and potential risk assessment of PAHs in biochar are systematically explored. After that, the effective strategies to alleviate PAHs in biochar are summarized. Finally, suggestions and perspectives for future studies are proposed. This review provides a guide for reducing the formation of biochar-associated PAHs and their toxicity, which is beneficial for the development and large-scale safe use of environmentally friendly biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canxu Yao
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Civil Infrastructure and Environment Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qianwei Feng
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Masud Hassan
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
| | - Xinqing Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550081, China
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
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Schlederer F, Martín-Hernández E, Vaneeckhaute C. Micropollutants in biochar produced from sewage sludge: A systematic review on the impact of pyrolysis operating conditions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:618-629. [PMID: 38154418 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Biochar obtained from sewage sludge serves as a valuable soil amendment in agriculture, enhancing soil properties by increasing the nutrient content, cation exchange capacity, water retention, and oxygen transmission. However, its utilisation is hampered by the presence of micropollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Previous studies indicate that the type and amount of micropollutants can be significantly adjusted by selecting the right process parameters. This literature review provides an overview of how (1) pyrolysis temperature, (2) carrier gas flow and type, (3) heating rate, and (4) residence time affect the concentration of micropollutants in biochar produced from sewage sludge. The micropollutants targeted are those listed by the European Biochar Certificate (EBC) and by the International Biochar Institution (IBI), including PAHs, PCDD/Fs, PCBs and VOCs. In addition, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are also considered due to their presence in sewage sludge. The findings suggest that higher pyrolysis temperatures reduce micropollutant levels. Moreover, the injection of a carrier gas (N2 or CO2) during the pyrolysis and cooling processes effectively lowers PAHs and PCDD/Fs, by reducing the contact of biochar with oxygen, which is crucial in mitigating micropollutants. Nevertheless, limited available data impedes an assessment of the impact of these parameters on PFAS in biochar. In addition, further research is essential to understand the effects of carrier gas type, heating rate, and residence time in order to determine the optimal pyrolysis process parameters for generating clean biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felizitas Schlederer
- BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; CentrEau Water Research Center, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Edgar Martín-Hernández
- BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; CentrEau Water Research Center, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Céline Vaneeckhaute
- BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; CentrEau Water Research Center, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Schlederer F, Martín-Hernández E, Vaneeckhaute C. Ensuring safety standards in sewage sludge-derived biochar: Impact of pyrolysis process temperature and carrier gas on micropollutant removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:119964. [PMID: 38228044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The application of sewage sludge to agricultural land is facing increasing restrictions due to concerns about various micropollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and heavy metals (HMs). As an alternative approach to manage this residue, the use of pyrolysis, a process that transforms sludge into biochar, a carbon-rich solid material, is being explored. Despite the potential benefits of pyrolysis, there is limited data on its effectiveness in removing micropollutants and the potential presence of harmful elements in the resulting biochar. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the temperature and the use of a carrier gas (N2) during a two-stage pyrolysis and cooling on micropollutant removal. Pilot-scale tests showed that a higher temperature (650 °C) and the use of a carrier gas (0.4 L/min N2) during the pyrolysis and the cooling process led to a reduction of PAHs, PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PFAS below their detection limits. As such, the generated biochar aligns with the guidelines set by the International Biochar Initiative (IBI) and the European Biochar Certificate (EBC) for all micropollutants, except for zinc and copper. Additional investigation is required to determine whether the micropollutants undergo destruction or transition into other pyrolysis end-products, such as the gas or liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felizitas Schlederer
- BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de La Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; CentrEau Water Research Center, 1065 Avenue de La Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Edgar Martín-Hernández
- BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de La Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; CentrEau Water Research Center, 1065 Avenue de La Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Céline Vaneeckhaute
- BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de La Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; CentrEau Water Research Center, 1065 Avenue de La Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Fu J, Qin M, Liang Y, Lu Y, An Y, Luo Y. Toxicity and Behavioral Effects of Amending Soils with Biochar on Red Imported Fire Ants, Solenopsis invicta. INSECTS 2024; 15:42. [PMID: 38249048 PMCID: PMC10816398 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Solenopsis invicta, often known as the red imported fire ants (RIFAs), is a well-known global invasive ant species that can be found in agricultural, urban, and natural environments worldwide. Simultaneously, it also inhabits the soil. Biochar is generated by the pyrolysis of organic matter under high-temperature anoxic environments and widely used in agricultural ecosystems and soil amendment. However, to date, it remains unknown as to whether soil application of biochar has a negative effect on RIFAs. In our study, we investigated the toxicity and irritability effects of different amounts of biochar (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) introduced into the soil on red fire ants; upon comparison with the control soil (0% biochar), the application of 1%, 2%, and 5% biochar did not result in significantly different results. But the utilization of biochar at a concentration over 10% effectively repelled the RIFAs, resulting in their departure from the treated soils. High doses of biochar were able to cause death of red fire ants; the mortality rate of red fire ants reached 55.56% after 11 days of 20% biochar treatment. We also evaluated the effects of biochar on four behaviors of red fire ants, namely aggregation, walking, grasping, and attacking; 20% of the biochar treatment group reduced aggregation by 64.22% and this value was 55.22%, 68.44%, and 62.36% for walking, grasping, and attacking. Finally, we measured the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in red fire ants; the results showed that the activities of the three enzymes increased with the increase in biochar addition, which indicated that a high dose of biochar induced oxidative stress in red fire ants. Our results indicate that biochar has the potential to cause toxicity and repel red imported fire ants (RIFAs) in a manner that is dependent on the concentration. We propose that biochar could be utilized in the control and manufacturing of baits for red fire ant management. This work establishes a foundation for the prevention and management of red fire ants and the logical utilization of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Fu
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (J.F.)
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Mingda Qin
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (J.F.)
| | - Yue Liang
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Yinglin Lu
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Yuxing An
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Yanping Luo
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (J.F.)
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Zou H, Yu J, Li Z, Liu Y, Wang T, Li T, Lv C, Zhang J. In vitro, in vivo, and in silico evaluation of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist activity of 3,6-dibromocarbazole. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114048. [PMID: 37734465 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
3,6-Dibromocarbazole is a novel environmental contaminant which is currently detected in several environmental media worldwide. This work aims to investigate the anti-glucocorticoid potency and endocrine disrupting effects of 3,6-dibromocarbazole. In vitro experiments indicated that 3,6-dibromocarbazole possessed glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonistic activity and inhibited dexamethasone-induced GR nuclear translocation. 3,6-Dibromocarbazole reduced the expression levels of glucocorticoid responsive genes including glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), and further disrupted the protein expression of two key enzymes PEPCK and FAS in gluconeogenesis. In vivo experiments showed that 3,6-dibromocarbazole induced abnormal development of zebrafish embryos and disrupted the major neurohormones involved in activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis in zebrafish larvae. The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation contributed to explain the antagonistic effect of 3,6-dibromocarbazole. Taken together, this work identified 3,6-dibromocarbazole as a GR antagonist, which might exert endocrine disrupting effects by interfering the pathway of gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jia Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zhuolin Li
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Yao Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Tuoyi Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Tiezhu Li
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Chengyu Lv
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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11
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Alharbi HA, Alotaibi KD, EL-Saeid MH, Giesy JP. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Metals in Diverse Biochar Products: Effect of Feedstock Type and Pyrolysis Temperature. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11020096. [PMID: 36850971 PMCID: PMC9968133 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Biochar's agricultural and environmental benefits have been widely demonstrated; however, it may cause environmental contamination if it contains large amounts of pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the contents of PAHs and HM in a range of biochars generated from different sources and pyrolysis temperatures. A range of feedstock was converted to biochar, including sewage sludge (SS), olive mill pomace (OP), feather meal (FM), soft offal meal (CSM), chicken manure (CM), and date palm residues (DPR). Each feedstock was then pyrolyzed at three temperatures of 300, 500, or 700 °C, thereby producing a total of 18 types of biochar. These biochar products were analyzed for 16 PAHs and eight metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb). Benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and benzo(a)pyrene were significantly greater in the biochar produced at 700 °C than in that produced at 300 °C, especially for CM. The concentrations of dibenz(a,h)anthracene were significantly lower at 700 °C but greater at 500 °C and 300 °C in DPR. Increasing the pyrolysis temperature from 300 to 700 °C significantly increased the concentrations of metals, including Cr in SS and OP; Mn in CM; and Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn in SS. However, the concentration of Cd was significantly lower in the SS when biochar was produced at 700 °C than at 500 or 300 °C. The type of feedstock used and the pyrolysis temperature are key factors influencing the contents of PAHs and HMs in biochar, both of which need to be considered during the production and use of biochar. Further investigations are recommended to establish the relationships between pyrolysis temperature and types of feedstock and the formation of PAH or the concentrations of metals. Monitoring the concentrations of PAHs and HMs before applying biochar to soil is also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hattan A. Alharbi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled D. Alotaibi
- Department of Soil Science, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. EL-Saeid
- Department of Soil Science, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - John P. Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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12
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Piryaei M, Amirifard H, Torabbeigi M. Modified Graphenized Pencil Lead by CoNi 2S 4 Nanostructure as a SPME Fiber for Analysis of PAHs from Water Samples. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2157451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Piryaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hamid Amirifard
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Marzieh Torabbeigi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Xu Q, Song X, Xu M, Xu Q, Liu Q, Tang C, Wang X, Yin W, Wang X. Elevated CO 2 and biochar differentially affect plant C:N:P stoichiometry and soil microbiota in the rhizosphere of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136347. [PMID: 36087720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application is a potent climate change mitigation strategy in agroecosystems. However, little is known about the interactive effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and biochar on plant nutrient uptake and soil microbial processes. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of eCO2 and biochar addition on plant C:N:P stoichiometry and rhizobacterial community for better management of nutrient balance and use efficiency in a future climate scenario. White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) was grown for 30 days in topsoil and subsoil with or without 2% corn-stubble biochar under ambient CO2 (aCO2: 390 ppm) or eCO2 (550 ppm). Elevated CO2 increased, but biochar decreased, plant biomass and shoot N and P uptake, with no interactions in either soil layer. Elevated CO2 decreased shoot N concentration by 16% and biochar decreased shoot P concentration by 11%. As a result, eCO2 increased shoot C:N ratio by 20% and decreased the N:P ratio by 11%. Biochar decreased shoot C:N ratio by 8% in the subsoil under eCO2. However, biochar increased shoot C:P ratio by an average of 13% and N:P ratio by 23% in the subsoil. Moreover, plants grown in the subsoil showed lower shoot N (35%) and P (70%) uptake compared to the topsoil. The results indicate that N and P are the more limiting factors that regulate plant growth under eCO2 and biochar application, respectively. Elevated CO2 and biochar oppositely affected dominant rhizobacterial community composition, with the eCO2 effect being greater. The microbiota in the subsoil held a greater diversity of contrasting species than the topsoil, which were associated with nutrient cycling, hydrocarbon degradation and plant productivity. These results enrich our understanding of potential soil nutrient cycling and plant nutrient balance in future agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Xian Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Meiling Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Forestry, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - Caixian Tang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Weiqin Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China.
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14
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Eraky M, Elsayed M, Qyyum MA, Ai P, Tawfik A. A new cutting-edge review on the bioremediation of anaerobic digestate for environmental applications and cleaner bioenergy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113708. [PMID: 35724728 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circular agriculture and economy systems have recently emerged around the world. It is a long-term environmental strategy that promotes economic growth and food security while reducing negative environmental consequences. Anaerobic digestion (AD) process has a high contribution and effective biodegradation route for bio-wastes valorization and reducing greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. However, the remaining massive digestate by-product contains non-fermented organic fractions, macro and/or micro-nutrients, heavy metals, and metalloids. Direct application of digestate in agriculture negatively affected the properties of the soil due to the high load of nutrients as well as the residuals of GHGs are emitted to the environment. Recycling and valorizing of anaerobic digestate is the main challenge for the sustainable biogas industry and nutrients recovery. To date, there is no global standard process for the safe digestate handling. This review described the biochemical composition and separation processes of anaerobic digestate. Further, advanced physical, chemical, and biological remediation's of the diverse digestate are comprehensively discussed. Moreover, recycling technologies such as phyco-remediation, bio-floc, and entomoremediation were reviewed as promising solutions to enhance energy and nutrient recovery, making the AD technology more sustainable with additional profits. Finally, this review gives an in-depth discussion of current biorefinery technologies, key roles of process parameters, and identifies challenges of nutrient recovery from digestate and prospects for future studies at large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Eraky
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Mahdy Elsayed
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qyyum
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Ping Ai
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- National Research Centre, Water Pollution Research Department, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Egypt.
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15
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Wang X, Ma S, Wang X, Cheng T, Dong J, Feng K. The Mechanism of Cu 2+ Sorption by Rice Straw Biochar and Its Sorption-Desorption Capacity to Cu 2+ in Soil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:562-570. [PMID: 35657400 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) pollution in soils has received considerable research attention globally, and biochar has been widely used as an adsorbent for soil pollution of Cu. However, most of the studies focused on the adsorption capacity of biochar, the bioavailability of Cu absorbed by biochar remains unclear. In this work, rice straw biomass was pyrolyzed under oxygen-limited conditions at 400°C (BC400) and 600°C (BC600), their apparent structure, group characteristics, and basic physical and chemical properties were determined. The isothermal and kinetics adsorption of Cu by BC400 and BC600 were analyzed. A pot experiment was used to evaluate the passivation of Cu in the soil by biochar and the bioavailability of Cu adsorbed by biochar in the soil. The smooth surfaces of BC400 evolved into more rough surfaces for BC600, and both types of surfaces may give active sorption sites for Cu, according to SEM pictures. FTIR analysis suggested that BC600 is endowed with more condensed aromatic carbon structures and more available polar functional groups. The adsorption processes of Cu2+ by biochar were better fitted Langmuir equation and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms showed monolayer adsorption of Cu2+ on biochar. The maximum adsorption capacities of BC600 and BC400 on Cu2+ were 43.75 and 30.70 mg g-1, respectively. Moreover, the pot experiment showed that BC400 and BC600 not only have a strong "passivation" effect on Cu in soil but also prevent the release of adsorbed Cu. Overall, more aromatic carbon structure, more polar functional groups, and higher pH are associated with BC600's increased Cu immobilization ability in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Junneng Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Ke Feng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, 210095, China
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16
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Buss W, Hilber I, Graham MC, Mašek O. Composition of PAHs in Biochar and Implications for Biochar Production. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:6755-6765. [PMID: 35634266 PMCID: PMC9131514 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in biochar has been studied extensively; however, the links between biomass feedstock, production process parameters, and the speciation of PAHs in biochar are understudied. Such an understanding is crucial, as the health effects of individual PAHs vary greatly. Naphthalene (NAP) is the least toxic of the 16 US EPA PAHs but comprises the highest proportion of PAHs in biochar. Therefore, we investigate which parameters favor high levels of non-NAP PAHs (∑16 US EPA PAHs without NAP) in a set of 73 biochars. On average, the content of non-NAP PAHs was 9 ± 29 mg kg-1 (median 0.9 mg kg-1). Importantly, during the production of the biochars with the highest non-NAP PAH contents, the conditions in the post-pyrolysis area, where pyrolysis vapors and biochar are separated, favored condensation and deposition of PAHs on biochar. Under these conditions, NAP condensed to a lower degree because of its high vapor pressure. In biochars not contaminated through this process, the average non-NAP content was only 2 ± 3 mg kg-1 (median 0.5 mg kg-1). Uneven heat distribution and vapor trapping during pyrolysis and cool zones in the post-pyrolysis area need to be avoided. This demonstrates that the most important factor yielding high contents of toxic PAHs in biochar was neither a specific pyrolysis parameter nor the feedstock but the pyrolysis unit design, which can be modified to produce clean and safe biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Buss
- Research
School of Biology, Australian National University, 134 Linnaeus Way, 2601 Canberra, Australia
- UK
Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, EH9 3FF Edinburgh, U.K.
| | - Isabel Hilber
- Methods
Development and Analytics, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Margaret C. Graham
- School
of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown
Road, EH9 3FF Edinburgh, U.K.
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK
Biochar Research Centre, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, EH9 3FF Edinburgh, U.K.
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17
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Krzyszczak A, Dybowski M, Jośko I, Kusiak M, Sikora M, Czech B. The antioxidant defense responses of Hordeum vulgare L. to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in biochar-amended soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118664. [PMID: 34902526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The recent studies indicated that the biochar (BC) may be a source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as well as their oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur-containing derivatives that are considered as more toxic pollutants than their parent compounds. Here, the assessment of the impact of various biochars addition (1% wt.) to soil on barley Hordeum vulgare L. growth was presented. The concentrations of bioavailable PAHs and their derivatives in biochar were determined. PAHs increased reactive oxygen species generation resulting in oxidative stress in organisms. In this study, the response of soil-grown plants was examined in terms of the activity of the antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase), lipid peroxidation, and the expression of genes related to oxidative stress. The results indicate that despite low content of a bioavailable fraction of parent compounds and their derivatives (up to 4.45 ± 0.24 ng gbiochar-1 and 0.83 ± 0.03 ng L-1, respectively) the biochemical response of plant was present, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased up to 2 times, but the activity of the other enzymes was lowered. The transcript level values support the studies on enzymatic activity. The presence of PAHs and their derivatives induced oxidative stress slightly but the plant was able to mitigate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Krzyszczak
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Dybowski
- Department of Chromatography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Izabela Jośko
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15 St., 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kusiak
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Skromna 8 St., 20-704, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sikora
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Skromna 8 St., 20-704, Lublin, Poland
| | - Bożena Czech
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland.
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18
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Odinga ES, Gudda FO, Waigi MG, Wang J, Gao Y. Occurrence, formation and environmental fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochars. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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19
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Wang W, Lee DJ. Valorization of anaerobic digestion digestate: A prospect review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124626. [PMID: 33418353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is recognized as promising technology for bioenergy production from biowaste, with huge quantity of digestate being produced as the residual waste. The digestate contains substantial amounts of organic and inorganic matters that be considered highly risky contaminants to the receiving environments if not properly treated, but also potential renewable resources if are adequately recovered. This prospect review summarized the current research efforts on digestate valorization, including aspects of resource recovery and the proposed applications, particularly on the conversion techniques and economic feasibility. The prospects for digestate valorization were highlighted at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Godlewska P, Ok YS, Oleszczuk P. THE DARK SIDE OF BLACK GOLD: Ecotoxicological aspects of biochar and biochar-amended soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123833. [PMID: 33264919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a product of biomass pyrolysis, is characterized by significant surface area, porosity, high water holding capacity, and environmental persistence. It is perceived as a material that can counteract climate change due to its high carbon stability and is also considered suitable for soil amendment (fertility improvement, soil remediation). However, biochar can have a toxic effect on organisms as harmful substances may be present in it. This paper reviews the literature regarding the current knowledge of harmful substances in biochar and their potential negative impact on organisms from different trophic levels. The effects of biochar on the content and toxicity of harmful substances in biochar-amended soils are also reviewed. Application of biochar into soil does not usually have a toxic effect and very often stimulate plants, bacteria activity and invertebrates. The effect however is strictly determined by type of biochar (especially the feedstock used and pyrolysis temperature) as well as contaminants content. The pH, electrical conductivity, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as well as heavy metals are the main factor usually responsible for biochar toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Godlewska
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
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21
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Violi A, Cormier S, Gullett B, Jansson S, Lomnicki S, Luyet C, Mayer A, Zimmermann R. Combustion by-products and their health effects: Summary of the 16th international congress. FUEL (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 283:118562. [PMID: 33446939 PMCID: PMC7802799 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The 16th International Congress on Combustion By-Products and their Health Effects (PIC2019) was held in Ann Arbor, Michigan, from July 10 to 12, 2019. For the last 28 years, this conference has served as an interdisciplinary platform for the discussion of the formation, environmental fate, health effects, policy, and remediation of combustion by-products. The technical areas for PIC2019 included mobile and stationary sources in urban environments, open fires, indoor air pollution, and halogenated pollutants. The congress was sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the U.S. EPA, the School of Public Health at the University of Michigan, the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at the University of Michigan, the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Michigan, the Aerospace Engineering Department at the University of Michigan, and the Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering Department at the University of Michigan. Special features of the conference included a career path and round table discussion on translating research and engaging communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Mayer
- Technik Termische Maschinen (TTM), Niederrohrdorf, Switzerland
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22
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Hung CM, Huang CP, Chen CW, Hsieh SL, Dong CD. Effects of biochar on catalysis treatment of 4-nonylphenol in estuarine sediment and associated microbial community structure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115673. [PMID: 33007651 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the generation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sewage sludge biochar (SSB) and the removal of hazardous chemicals from esturine sediments by SSB and sodium percarbonate (SPC), exemplified by 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were studied. SSB synthesized at 500 °C (SSB500) achieved the highest 4-NP degradation efficiency of 73%, at pH0 9.0 in 12 h of reaction time. The enhanced 4-NP degradation was attributed to the SSB500 activation activation of SPC that produced sufficient •OH and CO3-• due to electron-transfer interaction on the Fe-Mn redox pairs. The microbial community diversity and composition of the treated sediment were compared using high-throughput sequencing. Results showed SSB/SPC treatment increased the microbial diversity and richness in the sediments. Proteobacteria were the keystone phylum, while Thioalkalispira genera were responsible for 4-NP degradation in the SSB/SPC treatment. Over all, results revealed the change in the bacterial community during the environmental applications of SSB, which provided essential information for better understanding of the monitoring and improvement of sustainable sediment ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Mao Hung
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Pao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, USA
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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23
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Kirkok SK, Kibet JK, Kinyanjui TK, Okanga FI. A review of persistent organic pollutants: dioxins, furans, and their associated nitrogenated analogues. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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24
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Amoah-Antwi C, Kwiatkowska-Malina J, Thornton SF, Fenton O, Malina G, Szara E. Restoration of soil quality using biochar and brown coal waste: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137852. [PMID: 32213438 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soils in intensively farmed areas of the world are prone to degradation. Amendment of such soils with organic waste materials attempts to restore soil quality. Organic amendments are heterogeneous media, which are a source of soil organic matter (SOM) and maintain or restore chemical, physical, biological and ecological functionality. More specifically, an increase in SOM can influence the soil microclimate, microbial community structure, biomass turnover and mineralisation of nutrients. The search is on-going for locally sourced alternatives as many forms may be costly or geographically limiting. The present review focuses on a heterogeneous group of amendments i.e. biochar and brown coal waste (BCW). Both biochar (made from a variety of feedstocks at various temperatures) and BCW (mined extensively) are options that have worldwide applicability. These materials have very high C contents and soil stability, therefore can be used for long-term C sequestration to abate greenhouse gas emissions and as conditioners to improve soil quality. However, biochar is costly for large-scale applications and BCW may have inherently high moisture and pollutant contents. Future studies should focus on the long-term application of these amendments and determine the physicochemical properties of the soil, bioavailability of soil contaminants, diversity of soil communities and productivity of selected crops. Furthermore, the development of in situ technologies to lower production and processing costs of biochar and BCW would improve their economic feasibility for large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven F Thornton
- Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Owen Fenton
- Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Environmental Research Centre, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | | | - Ewa Szara
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Wang J, Odinga ES, Zhang W, Zhou X, Yang B, Waigi MG, Gao Y. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons in biochars and human health risks of food crops grown in biochar-amended soils: A synthesis study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104899. [PMID: 31203030 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil amendment with biochars is currently being studied worldwide as a sustainable agricultural practice to improve soil and water quality, increase crop productivity, and augment soil carbon storage. However, the formation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during biochar production is inevitable. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the risks in food safety and human health of crops grown in biochar-amended soils. This paper performed a synthesis study of PAH concentrations in biochars and estimated the risks of soils amended with biochars, based on refereed articles published between 2012 and 2018. The PAH concentrations in biochars ranged greatly, with the dominant proportion being 2-3 ringed PAHs (40%-71%). Biochar application increased the PAH levels in soils at drastically varying extents (0.02-3574 μg/kg), which led to a broad range of PAH concentrations in food crops grown in biochar-amended soils. A five-step method was then introduced to assess the toxicity of biochar-borne PAHs to human health. The total mean incremental lifetime cancer risk for adults was estimated to range between 2.0 × 10-6-1.9 × 10-5 via direct contact with and ingestion (inhalation) of contaminated soils or consumption of tainted crops. These results indicated that biochar amendment in soils might pose potential risks to food safety and human health, but the overall cancer risks through exposure to biochar-borne PAHs in soils and food crops were low. Higher application rates (e.g. ≥20 t/ha) of biochars with high PAH contents can be avoided to minimize human cancer risks. Although biochar application in arable farmlands has many environmental and agronomic benefits, holistic and systematic approaches are required to fully assess the benefits and risks before their large-scale adoption. PAHs in biochar may be reduced by improving the biochar production process and developing a cost-effective post-manufacturing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Emmanuel Stephen Odinga
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Xian Zhou
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Michael Gatheru Waigi
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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26
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Integration of Hydrothermal Carbonisation with Anaerobic Digestion; Opportunities for Valorisation of Digestate. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12091586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) has been identified as a potential route for digestate enhancement producing a solid hydrochar and a process water rich in organic carbon. This study compares the treatment of four dissimilar digestates from anaerobic digestion (AD) of agricultural residue (AGR); sewage sludge (SS); residual municipal solid waste (MSW), and vegetable, garden, and fruit waste (VGF). HTC experiments were performed at 150, 200 and 250 °C for 1 h using 10%, 20%, and 30% solid loadings of a fixed water mass. The effect of temperature and solid loading to the properties of biocoal and biochemical methane potential (BMP) of process waters are investigated. Results show that the behaviour of digestate during HTC is feedstock dependent and the hydrochar produced is a poor-quality solid fuel. The AGR digestate produced the greatest higher heating value (HHV) of 24 MJ/kg, however its biocoal properties are poor due to slagging and fouling propensities. The SS digestate process water produced the highest amount of biogas at 200 °C and 30% solid loading. This study concludes that solely treating digestate via HTC enhances biogas production and that hydrochar be investigated for its use as a soil amender.
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27
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Sun M, Ye M, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Deng S, Kong L, Ying R, Xia B, Jiao W, Cheng J, Feng Y, Liu M, Hu F. Biochar combined with polyvalent phage therapy to mitigate antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria vertical transfer risk in an undisturbed soil column system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:1-8. [PMID: 30399485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The vertical migration of antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria (ARPB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the surface soil-vadose soil system has become a new threat to ecological safety and public health; there is an imperative need to develop an efficient technique for targeted control and inactivation of ARPB in these systems. In this work, undisturbed soil columns (0 ∼ -5 m) were constructed to investigate the impact of biochar amendment or/and polyvalent bacteriophage (ΦYSZ-KK) therapy on the vertical control and inactivation of tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli K-12 and chloramphenicol-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia K-6. The simultaneous application of polyvalent phage and biochar impeded the vertical migration of ARPB from the top soil to lower soil layers and stimulated the ARPB dissipation in the soil column. After 60-day incubation, levels of ARPB and ARGs decreased significantly in the soil column by magnitudes of 2-6. Additionally, high throughput sequencing indicated that the simultaneous application of biochar and phage clearly maintained the structure and diversity of the soil microbial communities (p < 0.05). This work therefore demonstrates that the application of a biochar/phage combination is an environmentally friendly, efficacious measure for the control and inactivation of ARPB/ARGs in vertical soil column systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Sun
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Mao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhongyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengtian Zhang
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhao
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Lingya Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Rongorng Ying
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Anhui Academy of Environmental Science Research, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wentao Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Manqiang Liu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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