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Unni PS, Kirupaanntha-Rajan P, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Srinivasan S, Han YS, Karthi S, Radhakrishnan N, Park KB, Rajagopal R, Senthil-Nathan S. Chemical composition and toxicity of commercial Mentha spicata and Eucalyptus citriodora essential oils on Culex quinquefasciatus and non-target insects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:21610-21631. [PMID: 38393552 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Current vector control strategies based on synthetic chemicals are not eco-friendly against non-target organisms; hence, alternative approaches are highly required. Commercially purchased oil of Mentha spicata (Spearmint) and Eucalyptus citriodora (Citriodora) were examined against the medical pest Cx. quinquefasciatus (Say) and their non-toxicity on the aquatic species was evaluated. Chemical screening with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed a total of 14 and 11 compounds in Citriodora and Spearmint oils, respectively, with the highest peak (%) at carvone (70.44%) and isopulegol (30.4%). The larvicidal activity on the fourth instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus showed dose-dependent mortality and significance at a 100 ppm concentration 48 h post-treatment with Citriodora (76.4%, P ≤ 0.001) and Spearmint (100%, P ≤ 0.001). Additionally, the photomicrograph of the fourth instar larvae revealed significant physical abnormalities in the head and midgut tissues post-exposure to Spearmint and Citriodora oils. Moreover, the histological assay revealed severe damage in the epithelial cells and gut lumen 2 to 24 h post-treatment. The repellency percentage of adult Culex mosquitoes was prominent across both oils at 150 ppm 210 min post-exposure. Non-target toxicity on the aquatic predator showed both essential oils (Spearmint oil (17.2%) and Citriodora oil (15.2%)) are safer at the maximum treatment (200 ppm) compared to temephos (75.4% at 1 ppm). The in silico screening of phyto-compounds derived by both essential oils with BeeTox (online server) showed no contact toxicity to the honey bee Apis mellifera. Overall, the present research revealed that Spearmint and Citriodora essential oils and their active phyto-compounds were toxic to Cx. quinquefasciatus and harmless to the aquatic predator and honey bee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavana Sivadasan Unni
- Division of Bio-Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandiyan Kirupaanntha-Rajan
- Division of Bio-Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA
| | - Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Research & Development Centre, Invirustech Co., Inc, Gwangju, 61222, Korea
| | - Rajakrishnan Rajagopal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Harikrishnan S, Sudarshan S, Sivasubramani K, Nandini MS, Narenkumar J, Ramachandran V, Almutairi BO, Arunkumar P, Rajasekar A, Jayalakshmi S. Larvicidal and anti-termite activities of microbial biosurfactant produced by Enterobacter cloacae SJ2 isolated from marine sponge Clathria sp. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15153. [PMID: 37704703 PMCID: PMC10499797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of synthetic pesticides has resulted in a number of issues, including a rise in insecticide-resistant organisms, environmental degradation, and a hazard to human health. As a result, new microbial derived insecticides that are safe for human health and the environment are urgently needed. In this study, rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced from Enterobacter cloacae SJ2 was used to evaluate the toxicity towards mosquito larvae (Culex quinquefasciatus) and termites (Odontotermes obesus). Results showed dose dependent mortality rate was observed between the treatments. The 48 h LC50 (median lethal concentration) values of the biosurfactant were determined for termite and mosquito larvae following the non-linear regression curve fit method. Results showed larvicidal activity and anti-termite activity of biosurfactants with 48 h LC50 value (95% confidence interval) of 26.49 mg/L (25.40 to 27.57) and 33.43 mg/L (31.09 to 35.68), respectively. According to a histopathological investigation, the biosurfactant treatment caused substantial tissue damage in cellular organelles of larvae and termites. The findings of this study suggest that the microbial biosurfactant produced by E. cloacae SJ2 is an excellent and potentially effective agent for controlling Cx. quinquefasciatus and O. obesus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekar Harikrishnan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608502, India.
| | - Shanmugam Sudarshan
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, TNJFU- Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thalainayeru, Tamil Nadu, 614712, India
| | - Kandasamy Sivasubramani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M S Nandini
- Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaraman Narenkumar
- Department of Environmental & Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil Engineering (SCE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Sciences, University College of MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, 68100, Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paulraj Arunkumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632115, India
| | - Singaram Jayalakshmi
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608502, India
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Ovicidal toxicity of plant essential oils and their major constituents against two mosquito vectors and their non-target aquatic predators. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2119. [PMID: 36746998 PMCID: PMC9902397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant essential oil (EO) is a natural alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides for mosquito control. EOs from Citrus aurantium L., Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf.), and Cinnamomum verum (J. Presl.) were selected for topical assay of their ovicidal activity against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Their efficacy was compared to that of 1% (w/w) temephos. In addition, their non-toxicity against aquatic mosquito predators, Poecilia latipinna and Poecilia reticulata, was tested. Found by GC-MS analysis, the major constituent of C. verum EO was trans-cinnamaldehyde, of C. aurantium EO was D-limonene, and of C. citratus EO was geranial. Both C. verum EO and trans-cinnamaldehyde at a high concentration (30,000 ppm) exhibited high ovicidal activity against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus eggs after 48 h of incubation with an inhibition rate of 91.0-93.0% for C. verum EO and 96.7-95.2% for trans-cinnamaldehyde. The combination of C. verum EO + geranial exhibited the strongest synergistic inhibition activity (100%) against the two mosquito vectors and was five times more effective than temephos. Moreover, they were not toxic to the non-target fishes. As a safe ovicidal agent for mosquito egg control, the combination of C. verum EO + geranial has excellent potential.
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Aziz AT. Toxicity of Ulva lactuca and green fabricated silver nanoparticles against mosquito vectors and their impact on the genomic DNA of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. IET Nanobiotechnol 2022; 16:145-157. [PMID: 35353449 PMCID: PMC9114447 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine seaweeds are known to have a potential role against microbial and pesticidal activities. Ulva lactuca, a green macroalgae extract analysed through gas chromatography mass spectrometry reveals 31 compounds. Resistance of mosquito vectors to synthetic insecticides remains a major problem. Discovering and applying natural agents to act against disease vectors is challenging. The activities of the extract and nano-fabricated green synthesised silver nanoparticles were checked for use against Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens. The crude extract and synthesised silver nanoparticles exhibited a notable larvicidal effect, and very effective inhibition of pupal and adult emergence. Inhibition of adult emergence of Ae.aegypti was 97.7% and in Cu.pipiens, it was 93.3%. Our genotypic study of Deoxyribonucleic acid from treated larvae utilising random primers MA-09, MA-12 and MA-26 revealed damaged nucleotide sequences when compared with the controls. The antimicrobial activity of both the extract and green synthesised nanomaterials showed prominent activity against pathogenic drug resistant bacteria. Our results contribute to further development of eco-friendly insecticides with lower cost of preparation. This could further contribute to further research helping future generations to be free from these deadly disease-causing vectors and pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Thabiani Aziz
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
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Adhikari K, Khanikor B. Gradual reduction of susceptibility and enhanced detoxifying enzyme activities of laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti under exposure of temephos for 28 generations. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1883-1891. [PMID: 34900604 PMCID: PMC8639454 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to temephos for 28 generations. This exposure led to a 7.83-fold decrease in temephos toxicity. With increase in generational time, Ae. aegypti exhibited increased detoxification. Increased detoxification correlated with increase in detoxifying enzymes. Repeated exposure of Ae. aegypti to temephos could lead to pesticide resistance.
Temephos, an organophosphate insecticide, is widely accepted for the control of Aedes aegypti, vector of infectious diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and zika. However, there are claims that repeated and indiscriminate use of temephos has resulted in resistance development in exposed mosquito populations. The present study attempts to evaluate the continuous performance of temephos on the Ae. aegypti population, in laboratory conditions, in terms of toxicity and the effect on marker enzymes associated with metabolic resistance. Results of the toxicity bioassay showed that after the initial exposure, toxicity increased till F4 generation by 1.65 fold, and continuous exposure resulted in a 7.83 fold reduction in toxicity at F28 generation. Percent mortality result showed a marked reduction in mortality with the passage of generations while using the same series of concentrations, viz. 2 ppm, which was 100 % lethal at the initial nine generations, could kill only 22.66 % at F28. Resistance to organophosphates is mainly governed by metabolic detoxifying enzyme families of esterases, glutathione-s-transferase, and cytochrome P450. Analysis of these metabolic detoxifying enzymes showed an inverse trend to toxicity (i.e. toxicity increased in early generations as enzyme activity dropped and then dropped as enzyme activity increased). At the initial exposure, enzyme activity decreased in 2–4 generations, however, repeated exposure led to a significant increase in all the metabolic detoxifying enzymes. From the toxicity level as well as marker enzyme bioassay results, it can be inferred that mosquitoes showed increased detoxification in generational time with an increase in enzymes associated with metabolic detoxification. In conclusion, repeated application of temephos led to resistance development in Ae. aegypti which may be associated with the increase in metabolic detoxifying enzyme activities.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CDNB, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
- CPCSEA, committee for the purpose of control and supervision of experiments on animals
- DEET, NN-diethyl-meta-toluamide
- DEM, diethyl maleate
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- Dengue vector
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- GST, glutathione-s-transferase
- IAEC, institutional animal ethical committee
- LC50, lethal concentration 50
- Larvicide
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen
- OD, optical density
- OP, organophosphate
- Organophosphates
- PBO, piperonyl butoxide
- PPM, parts per million
- Pesticide resistance
- SE, standard error
- SPSS, statistical package for the social sciences
- TMBZ, 3, 3, 5, 5-tetramethyl benzidine
- TPP, triphenyl phosphate
- Temephos
- WHO, World Health Organization
- ºC, degree celsius
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Edwin ES, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Senthil-Nathan S, Chellappandian M, Karthi S, Narayanaswamy R, Stanley-Raja V, Sivanesh H, Ramasubramanian R, Al-Huqail AA, Khan F, Krutmuang P, Abdel-Megeed A, Ghaith A, Paik CH. Toxicity of Bioactive Molecule Andrographolide against Spodoptera litura Fab and Its Binding Potential with Detoxifying Enzyme Cytochrome P450. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195982. [PMID: 34641534 PMCID: PMC8512691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spodoptera litura Fab. is a polyphagous pest causing damage to many agriculture crops leading to yield loss. Recurrent usage of synthetic pesticides to control this pest has resulted in resistance development. Plant-derived diterpenoid compound andrographolide was isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata. It was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and quantified by HPLC. Nutritional indices and digestive enzymatic profile were evaluated. Third, fourth and fifth instar larvae were treated with different concentrations of andrographolide. At 3, 6 and 9 ppm-treated concentrations the larvae showed decreased RGR, RCR, ECI, ECD values with adverse increase in AD. The digestive enzymes were significantly inhibited when compared with control. Conspicuously, andrographolide showed pronounced mortality of S. litura by inhibition of enzyme secretion and intake of food. The binding ability of andrographolide with CYTP450 showed high affinity with low binding energy. Andrographolide has the potential to be exploited as a biocontrol agent against S. litura as an eco-friendly pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward-Sam Edwin
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, SPKCES, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli 627412, Tamil Nadu, India; (E.-S.E.); (V.S.-R.); (H.S.); (R.R.)
- Department of Microbiology Division of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Peters Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Hosur 635109, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi, Chennai 600054, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, SPKCES, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli 627412, Tamil Nadu, India; (E.-S.E.); (V.S.-R.); (H.S.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.-N.); (S.K.); (P.K.)
| | | | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, SPKCES, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli 627412, Tamil Nadu, India; (E.-S.E.); (V.S.-R.); (H.S.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.-N.); (S.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Radhakrishnan Narayanaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi, Chennai 600054, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, SPKCES, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli 627412, Tamil Nadu, India; (E.-S.E.); (V.S.-R.); (H.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Haridoss Sivanesh
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, SPKCES, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli 627412, Tamil Nadu, India; (E.-S.E.); (V.S.-R.); (H.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, SPKCES, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli 627412, Tamil Nadu, India; (E.-S.E.); (V.S.-R.); (H.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Asma A. Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.-H.); (F.K.)
| | - Faheema Khan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.-H.); (F.K.)
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (S.S.-N.); (S.K.); (P.K.)
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Megeed
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
| | - Aml Ghaith
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Derna University, Derna 417230, Libya;
| | - Chae-Hoon Paik
- National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Planning & Coordination Division, 181, Hyeoksin-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
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Senthoorraja R, Subaharan K, Manjunath S, Pragadheesh VS, Bakthavatsalam N, Mohan MG, Senthil-Nathan S, Basavarajappa S. Electrophysiological, behavioural and biochemical effect of Ocimum basilicum oil and its constituents methyl chavicol and linalool on Musca domestica L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:50565-50578. [PMID: 33963471 PMCID: PMC8105153 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ocimum basilicum essential oil (EO) was evaluated for its biological effects on M. domestica. Characterization of O. basilicum EO revealed the presence of methyl chavicol (70.93%), linalool (9.34%), epi-α-cadinol (3.69 %), methyl eugenol (2.48%), γ-cadinene (1.67%), 1,8-cineole (1.30%) and (E)-β-ocimene (1.11%). The basil EO and its constituents methyl chavicol and linalool elicited a neuronal response in female adults of M. domestica. Adult female flies showed reduced preference to food source laced with basil EO and methyl chavicol. Substrates treated with EO and methyl chavicol at 0.25% resulted in an oviposition deterrence of over 80%. A large ovicidal effect was found for O. basilicum EO (EC50 9.74 mg/dm3) followed by methyl chavicol (EC50 10.67 mg/dm3) and linalool (EC50 13.57 mg/dm3). Adults exposed to EO (LD50 10.01 μg/adult) were more susceptible to contact toxicity than to methyl chavicol and linalool (LD50 13.62 μg/adult and LD50 43.12 μg/adult respectively). EO and its constituents methyl chavicol and linalool also induced the detoxifying enzymes Carboxyl esterase (Car E) and Glutathione S - transferases (GST).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Senthoorraja
- Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, 560024, India
- DOS in Zoology, University of Mysore, Mysore, 570006, India
| | - Kesavan Subaharan
- Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, 560024, India.
| | - Sowmya Manjunath
- Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, 560024, India
| | - Vppalayam Shanmugam Pragadheesh
- National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR, Bengaluru, 560065, India
- CSIR- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Regional Centre, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Nandagopal Bakthavatsalam
- Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, 560024, India
| | - Muthu Gounder Mohan
- Division of Germplasm Conservation and Utilization, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, 560024, India
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627412, India
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8
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Amala K, Karthi S, Ganesan R, Radhakrishnan N, Srinivasan K, Mostafa AEZMA, Al-Ghamdi AA, Alkahtani J, Elshikh MS, Senthil-Nathan S, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Krutmuang P. Bioefficacy of Epaltes divaricata (L.) n-Hexane Extracts and Their Major Metabolites against the Lepidopteran Pests Spodoptera litura (fab.) and Dengue Mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linn.). Molecules 2021; 26:3695. [PMID: 34204264 PMCID: PMC8234362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research investigated the chemical characterization and insecticidal activity of n-Hexane extracts of Epaltes divaricata (NH-EDx) along with their chief derivatives n-Hexadecanoic acid (n-HDa) and n-Octadecanoic acid (n-ODa) against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura. Chemical screening of NH-EDx through GC-MS analysis delivered nine major derivatives, and the maximum peak area percentage was observed in n-Hexadecanoic acid (14.63%) followed by n-Octadecadienoic acid (6.73%). The larvicidal activity of NH-EDx (1000 ppm), n-HDa (5 ppm), and n-ODa (5 ppm) against the A. aegypti and S. litura larvae showed significant mortality rate in a dose-dependent way across all the instars. The larvicidal activity was profound in the A. aegypti as compared to the S. litura across all the larval instars. The sublethal dosages of NH-EDx (500 ppm), n-HDa (2.5 ppm), and n-ODa (2.5 ppm) also showed alterations in the larval/pupal durations and adult longevity in both the insect pests. The enzyme activity revealed that the α- and β-carboxylesterase levels were decreased significantly in both the insect pests, whereas the levels of GST and CYP450 uplifted in a dose-dependent manner of NH-EDx, n-HDa, and n-ODa. Correspondingly, midgut tissues such as the epithelial layer (EL), gut lumen (GL), peritrophic matrix (Pm), and brush border membrane (BBM) were significantly altered in their morphology across both A. aegypti and S. litura against the NH-EDx and their bioactive metabolites. NH-EDx and their bioactive metabolites n-HDa and n-ODa showed significant larvicidal, growth retardant, enzyme inhibition, and midgut toxicity effects against two crucial agriculturally and medically challenging insect pest of ecological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesavan Amala
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Bio-Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412 Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 200 704, Korea;
| | - Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; (N.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Kumaraswamy Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; (N.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Abd El-Zaher M. A. Mostafa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.-Z.M.A.M.); (A.A.A.-G.); (J.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.-Z.M.A.M.); (A.A.A.-G.); (J.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.-Z.M.A.M.); (A.A.A.-G.); (J.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.-Z.M.A.M.); (A.A.A.-G.); (J.A.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412 Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai, University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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9
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Silva DGR, Melo AES, da Costa JA, Bezerra ICF, Ferreira MRA, Nascimento JDS, dos Santos MAG, Paiva PMG, Navarro DMDAF, Soares LAL, Sá RA, Napoleão TH. Insecticidal and antifungal activities of saline extract from Abarema cochliocarpos bark against pests with relevance to human health and agronomy. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Borges GR, Aboelkheir MG, de Souza Junior FG, Waldhelm KC, Kuster RM. Poly (butylene succinate) and derivative copolymer filled with Dendranthema grandiflora biolarvicide extract. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:23575-23585. [PMID: 32297111 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the most important infectious disease in the world and is a severe public health problem. The chikungunya is an arbovirus, in many cases, increased, which is transmitted by the same transmitter dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. The symptoms of both diseases are similar, and infections can be lethal. Although there is no preventive vaccine against any of the two diseases, therefore, it is extremely important to control the mosquito. The eggs of A. aegypti are very resistant and hatch into larvae, which later give rise to mosquitoes in any container with water. Natural plant extracts have come from active substances with larvicidal activity against A. aegypti. However, they tend to be highly hydrophobic and need some strategy to improve its affinity for water. Because of these factors, this research aims to synthesize and characterize polymeric materials with properties suitable for the release of hydrophobic principles with larvicidal action. The synthesized polymers are poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and PBS block copolymer with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The synthesized polymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal analysis simultaneous, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and diffraction of X-rays analysis. The analysis results showed that the synthesized materials have chemical composition and properties suitable for use in the controlled release of actives substances. Systems were prepared using the Dendranthema grandiflora extract, which has larvicidal activity was incorporated via fusion to polymers, to evaluate its release in aqueous media. The results proved that higher amounts of PEG in the copolymer chain speed up the delivery of the larvicidal extract. Besides that, the larvicidal extract concentration required to cause death larvae of A. aegypti was achieved from the first minutes of dissolution tests, indicating that the materials developed are promising tool to fight dengue and chikungunya. This new system is a vital tool for eliminating vectors, potentially contributing to saving millions of lives worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazielle Ribeiro Borges
- Instituto de Macromoléculas, Centro de Tecnologia, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horacio Macedo, 2030, Bloco J., Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Mostafa Galal Aboelkheir
- Programa de Engenharia Civil, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, Rua Taquari, 546, São Paulo, SP, 03166-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gomes de Souza Junior
- Instituto de Macromoléculas, Centro de Tecnologia, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horacio Macedo, 2030, Bloco J., Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Kassia Cristina Waldhelm
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horacio Macedo, 2030, Bloco J., Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Machado Kuster
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, CEP 29075-910, Brazil
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Yogarajalakshmi P, Venugopal Poonguzhali T, Ganesan R, Karthi S, Senthil-Nathan S, Krutmuang P, Radhakrishnan N, Mohammad F, Kim TJ, Vasantha-Srinivasan P. Toxicological screening of marine red algae Champia parvula (C. Agardh) against the dengue mosquito vector Aedes aegypti (Linn.) and its non-toxicity against three beneficial aquatic predators. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 222:105474. [PMID: 32259658 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Larval toxicity of ethanolic extract of C. parvula (Ex-Cp) was prominent in the second and the third instars at the maximum lethal dosage of 100 ppm with 98 and 97 % mortality rate respectively. The LC50 and LC90 was displayed at 43 ppm and 88 ppm dosage respectively. Correspondingly, the sub-lethal dosage (65 ppm) of Ex-Cp significantly alters the carboxylesterase (α and β), GST and CYP450 enzyme level in both III and IV instar larvae in dose-dependent manner. Similarly, the Ex-Cp displayed significant repellent activity (97 %) with a maximum level of protection time (210 min). Photomicrography assay of Ex-Cp (65 ppm) were toxic to dengue larvae as compared to control. The non-target toxicity of Ex-Cp against the beneficial mosquito predators displayed less toxicity at the maximum dosage of 600 ppm as compared to Temephos. Thus the present research delivers the target and non-target toxicity of red algae C. parvula against the dengue mosquito vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthiban Yogarajalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Raja Ganesan
- Department of Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Bio pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627 412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627 412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Faruq Mohammad
- Surfactants Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Amala K, Ganesan R, Karthi S, Senthil-Nathan S, Chellappandian M, Krutmunag P, Radhakrishnan N, Mohammad F, Ponsankar A, Vasantha-Srinivasan P. Larval and gut enzyme toxicity of n-hexane extract Epaltes pygmaea DC. against the arthropod vectors and its non-toxicity against aquatic predator. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1748890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kesavan Amala
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Department of Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Division of Bio-pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthiah Chellappandian
- PG and Research Department of Botany, V.O. Chidambaram College, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Patcharin Krutmunag
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Faruq Mohammad
- Surfactants Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Athirstam Ponsankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Senthil-Nathan S. A Review of Resistance Mechanisms of Synthetic Insecticides and Botanicals, Phytochemicals, and Essential Oils as Alternative Larvicidal Agents Against Mosquitoes. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1591. [PMID: 32158396 PMCID: PMC7052130 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are a serious threat to the society, acting as vector to several dreadful diseases. Mosquito management programes profoundly depend on the routine of chemical insecticides that subsequently lead to the expansion of resistance midst the vectors, along with other problems such as environmental pollution, bio magnification, and adversely affecting the quality of public and animal health, worldwide. The worldwide risk of insect vector transmitted diseases, with their associated illness and mortality, emphasizes the need for effective mosquitocides. Hence there is an immediate necessity to develop new eco-friendly pesticides. As a result, numerous investigators have worked on the development of eco-friendly effective mosquitocidal compounds of plant origin. These products have a cumulative advantage of being cost-effective, environmentally benign, biodegradable, and safe to non-target organisms. This review aims at describing the current state of research on behavioral, physiological, and biochemical effects of plant derived compounds with larvicidal effects on mosquitoes. The mode of physiological and biochemical action of known compounds derived from various plant families as well as the potential of plant secondary metabolites, plant extracts, and also the essential oils (EO), as mosquitocidal agents are discussed. This review clearly indicates that the application of vegetal-based compounds as mosquito control proxies can serve as alternative biocontrol methods in mosquito management programes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
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