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Zhang Q, Yu X, Yang Y, Ruan J, Zou Y, Wu S, Chen F, Zhu R. Enhanced ammonia removal in tidal flow constructed wetland by incorporating steel slag: Performance, microbial community, and heavy metal release. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171333. [PMID: 38423325 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing alkaline solid wastes, such as steel slag, as substrates in tidal flow constructed wetlands (TFCWs) can effectively neutralize the acidity generated by nitrification. However, the impacts of steel slag on microbial communities and the potential risk of heavy metal release remain poorly understood. To address these knowledge gaps, this study compared the performance and microbial community structure of TFCWs filled with a mixture of steel slag and zeolite (TFCW-S) to those filled with zeolite alone (TFCW-Z). TFCW-S exhibited a much higher NH4+-N removal efficiency (98.35 %) than TFCW-Z (55.26 %). Additionally, TFCW-S also achieved better TN and TP removal. The steel slag addition helped maintain the TFCW-S effluent pH at around 7.5, while the TFCW-Z effluent pH varied from 3.74 to 6.25. The nitrification and denitrification intensities in TFCW-S substrates were significantly higher than those in TFCW-Z, consistent with the observed removal performance. Moreover, steel slag did not cause excessive heavy metal release, as the effluent concentrations were below the standard limits. Microbial community analysis revealed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing archaea, and complete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria coexisted in both TFCWs, albeit with different compositions. Furthermore, the enrichment of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria in TFCW-S likely contributed to the high NH4+-N removal. In summary, these findings demonstrate that the combined use of steel slag and zeolite in TFCWs creates favorable pH conditions for ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, leading to efficient ammonia removal in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingjun Ruan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yuhuan Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Runliang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
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Chen J, Hai Y, Zhang W, Zhou X. Insights into deterioration and reactivation of a mainstream anammox biofilm reactor response to C/N ratio. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115780. [PMID: 35944318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In-depth knowledge of the deterioration and reactivation of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) induced by carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) is still lacking. Herein, the anammox performance was investigated in an anaerobic sequence biofilm batch reactor fed with low-strength partial nitration effluent in the range of C/N ratio from 0.5 to 3. The anammox was hardly deteriorated at C/N lower than 1.5, while became worsen if C/N was above 2.0. The specific anammox activity (SAA) experiments showed an 85% decrease of SAA at C/N of 3.0 compared with the maximum value (C/N:0). However, anammox capacity was rapidly recovered once influent C/N was adjusted back to zero. Moreover, C/N also highly affected the composition, structure and function of extracellular polymeric substance of the anammox biofilm. High-throughput sequencing revealed a close correlation between C/N change and microbial structure shift. Finally, the potential inhibition and restoration mechanism of the C/N-dependent anammox were proposed based on metagenomic analysis. This research provides some insights into the reinstatement of a mainstream anammox biofilm process after it is interrupted by high C/N influent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabo Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Research Center for Low Carbon Technology of Water Environment, School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yan Hai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China; Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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Nguyen LH, Nguyen TD, Tran TVN, Nguyen DL, Tran HS, Nguyen TL, Nguyen TH, Nguyen HG, Nguyen TP, Nguyen NT, Isawa T, Ta Y, Sato R. Steel slag quality control for road construction aggregates and its environmental impact: case study of Vietnamese steel industry-leaching of heavy metals from steel-making slag. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41983-41991. [PMID: 34564812 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Steel slag is an industrial by product of steel manufacturing processes and has been widely utilized within civil and construction materials for road materials and environmental remediation in countries like Japan, USA, and European Union nations. However, the current utilization of steel slag in Vietnam is very low mainly because of lack of quality control of slag treatment and chances for reuse of treated steel slag. This paper presents the up to date steel slag production status in Vietnam through the extensive survey and sampling at seven large steel factories. The paper also highlights the environmental and quality control issues of these steel slags to use as road construction aggregates by assessing the heavy metals concentration in the leachate. The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) slag samples were collected to evaluate leaching properties of metals leached from the slags. The two standardized batch leaching tests of steel slag roadbed material in Japan (JIS K 0058-1) and toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP-EPA method 1311) were performed to the evaluated the hazardous metals. The results of the leaching test show that almost all of the concentration of the metals in the leached solution does not exceed the National Standard for Industrial Wastewater Discharge (QCVN 40-2011). The pH and parameters such as total chromium, nickel, copper, lead, arsenic, and manganese differ from the two test methods. The acidic conditions employed in the EPA 1311 were not representative of condition excepted during slag reuse in road constructions because in the operation condition of the road, acidic liquid is absent. The leaching test results confirmed that JIS test which uses deionized water with gentle mixing prevents the slag sample from size degradation is suitable for the environmental assessment of steel slag use for roadbed material. This research suggests that the adjustment of pH value prior to disposal or reuse as base materials and official guideline should be promulgate by the authorities to ensure the leachate meet the surface water quality standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Dung Nguyen
- Faculty of Building Materials, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Viet Nga Tran
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Luong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoai Son Tran
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Lien Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huong Nguyen
- Vietnam Japan Institute for Advanced Technology, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Giang Nguyen
- Faculty of Building and Industrial Construction, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Tan Phong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Natural Resources and Climate Change, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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