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Ré BB, Vieira Junior WG, Postiguel RB, Alves LDS, Caitano CEC, Freitas MADS, Zied DC. A cascade approach to sustainable agriculture: From mushroom mycelium to lettuce harvest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173976. [PMID: 38879028 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture involves adopting best practices in food production to promote environmental and economic sustainability. Its implementation primarily aims to utilise organic residues to increase yield, diversify production, and reduce costs. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate different substrates for Hypsizygus ulmarius production and, from its residual substrate, to develop formulations for lettuce seedling growth and subsequent greenhouse cultivation. For mushroom production, substrates were prepared from sawdust with the addition of wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal, and calcite, resulting in four distinct substrate formulations. The spent mushroom substrate (SMS), obtained at the end of cultivation, was used for lettuce seedling production along with the commercial substrate Carolina Soil® and the soil conditioner BacSol®. The top five formulations were selected for transplanting in the greenhouse. Regarding mushroom production, substrates with higher carbon/nitrogen ratios, around 66: 1, resulted in higher yields. For seedling production, SMS showed lower efficiency compared to the commercial substrate Carolina Soil®, which also benefited from the addition of the soil conditioner BacSol®. However, after transplanting lettuce seedlings, the formulation containing SMS showed superior results in almost all evaluated parameters. Therefore, we concluded that despite the inefficiency of using H.ulmarius SMS for lettuce seedling production, it favours the establishment of seedlings in greenhouse cultivation environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bruno Ré
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas (FCAT), Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Rod. Cmte. João Ribeiro de Barros, KM 651, Bairro das Antas, CEP 17900-000 Dracena, Brazil
| | - Wagner Gonçalves Vieira Junior
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, SN, CEP 14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Barros Postiguel
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas (FCAT), Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Rod. Cmte. João Ribeiro de Barros, KM 651, Bairro das Antas, CEP 17900-000 Dracena, Brazil
| | - Lucas da Silva Alves
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, SN, CEP 14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Elen Cardoso Caitano
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, SN, CEP 14884900 Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio da Silva Freitas
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas (FCAT), Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Rod. Cmte. João Ribeiro de Barros, KM 651, Bairro das Antas, CEP 17900-000 Dracena, Brazil
| | - Diego Cunha Zied
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas (FCAT), Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Rod. Cmte. João Ribeiro de Barros, KM 651, Bairro das Antas, CEP 17900-000 Dracena, Brazil.
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Liu J, Cui W, Qi Z, Wu L, Zhou W. Plant-Derived Waste as a Component of Growing Media: Manifestations, Assessments, and Sources of Their Phytotoxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2000. [PMID: 39065526 PMCID: PMC11280857 DOI: 10.3390/plants13142000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Every year, approximately 2 billion tons of plant-derived waste (such as straw and crop residues) are generated globally, most of which are either incinerated, dumped, or landfilled without proper planning, leading to severe environmental pollution and resource wastage. Plant-derived waste exhibits potential advantages as a growing media component in various aspects. However, numerous studies have also indicated that plant-derived waste generally possesses strong phytotoxicity, which must be removed or reduced before being utilized as a growing media component. Therefore, accurately assessing their phytotoxicity and appropriately modifying it to ensure their support for plant growth when used as a growing media component is crucial. This paper reviews the manifestation and assessment methods of phytotoxicity in plant-derived waste; systematically summarizes the phytotoxicity sources of three common types of plant-derived waste (garden waste, crop straw, and spent mushroom substrate), as well as the toxic mechanisms of two representative phytotoxic substances (phenolic compounds and organic acids); and proposes some insights into further research directions. By consolidating insights from these studies, this review aims to deepen our understanding of phytotoxicity and its implications, and offer valuable references and guidance for future research endeavors and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Wenzhong Cui
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China; (W.C.); (Z.Q.); (L.W.)
| | - Zhiyong Qi
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China; (W.C.); (Z.Q.); (L.W.)
| | - Lingyi Wu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China; (W.C.); (Z.Q.); (L.W.)
| | - Wanlai Zhou
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100875, China; (W.C.); (Z.Q.); (L.W.)
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Tang Q, Liu W, Huang H, Peng Z, Deng L. Responses of Crop Yield, Soil Fertility, and Heavy Metals to Spent Mushroom Residues Application. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:663. [PMID: 38475509 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Waste mushroom residues are often returned to fields as organic amendments. Here, we estimated the effects of the continuous applications of different spent mushroom substrates for 2 years on crop yields, soil nutrients, and heavy metals in paddy fields. The study comprised seven treatments: no fertilization (CK) and mineral NPK fertilizer (CF), as well as NPK fertilizer combined with Enoki mushroom residue (EMR50), Oyster mushroom residue (OMR50), Auricularia polytricha mushroom residue (APR50), Shiitake mushroom residue (SMR50), and Agaricus bisporus residue (ABR50). The grain yield was highest under the APR50 treatment. The short-term application of waste mushroom residue significantly increased SOC, TN, TP, and TK content relative to the CK treatment. The SOC, TP, and TK were highest under ABR50. Both total Cr and Cd contents were highest under CF treatment. The highest cumulative ecological risk was observed under OMR50 treatment. In addition, crop yield was positively correlated with SOC, TN, TP, and TP. Our results highlight that further research and innovation are needed to optimize the benefits and overcome the challenges of mushroom residue application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Weijia Liu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Institute of Agricultural Bioenvironment and Energy, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Han Huang
- College of Economics and Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Zhaohui Peng
- Institute of Agricultural Bioenvironment and Energy, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liangji Deng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Qiu S, Li K, He X, Gu M, Jiang X, Lu J, Ma Z, Liang X, Gan Q. The Effects of Composite Alkali-Stored Spent Hypsizygus marmoreus Substrate on Carcass Quality, Rumen Fermentation, and Rumen Microbial Diversity in Goats. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:166. [PMID: 38200897 PMCID: PMC10778354 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of composite alkali-stored spent Hypsizygus marmoreus substrate (SHMS) on carcass quality, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbial diversity in goats. Twenty-four 6-month-old Chuanzhong black goats with similar body weights (20 ± 5 kg) were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 per group) and received four treatments: 0% (control group, CG); 20% (low-addition group, LG); 30% (moderate-addition group, MG); and 40% (high-addition group, HG) of SHMS-replaced silage corn and oat hay. The experiment lasted for 74 days (including a 14 d adaptation period and a 60 d treatment period). The results of this study showed that MG and HG significantly improved the marble score of goat meat (p < 0.05). The flesh color score significantly increased in each group (p < 0.05). The fat color scores significantly increased in LG and MG (p < 0.05). There were no significant effects on the pH value or shear force of the longissimus dorsi in each group (p > 0.05). The cooking loss in MG was higher than that in CG (p < 0.05). The histidine and tyrosine contents in each group of muscles significantly increased (p < 0.05), with no significant effect on fatty acids (p > 0.05). The rumen pH of MG significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while the total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) increased by 44.63% and 54.50%, respectively. The addition of the SHMS altered both the alpha and beta diversities of the rumen microbiota and significant differences in the composition and structure of the four microbial communities. The dominant bacterial phylum in each group were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, with Prevotella 1 as the dominant bacterial genus. Correlation analysis revealed that rumen bacteria are closely related to the animal carcass quality and rumen fermentation. In the PICRUSt prediction, 21 significantly different pathways were found, and the correlation network showed a positive correlation between the Prevotella 1 and 7 metabolic pathways, while the C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism was positively correlated with nine bacteria. In summary, feeding goats with an SHMS diet can improve the carcass quality, promote rumen fermentation, and alter the microbial structure. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the utilization of SHMS as feed in the goat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiling Qiu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Keyao Li
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xiangbo He
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Mingming Gu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xinghui Jiang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Jianing Lu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhiyi Ma
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xuewu Liang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Qianfu Gan
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
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