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Martin AN, Tzeng CWD, Arvide EM, Skibber JM, Chang GJ, Nancy You YQ, Bednarski BK, Uppal A, Dewhurst WL, Cristo JV, Chun YS, Tran Cao HS, Vauthey JN, Newhook TE. Impact of cumulative operative time on postoperative complication risk in simultaneous resections of colorectal liver metastases and primary tumors. HPB (Oxford) 2023; 25:347-352. [PMID: 36697350 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simultaneous resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) and primary colorectal cancers (CRC) is nuanced without firm rules for selection. This study aimed to identify factors associated with morbidity after simultaneous resection. METHODS Using a prospective database, patients undergoing simultaneous CLM-CRC resection from 1/1/2017-7/1/2020 were analyzed. Regression modeling estimated impact of colorectal resection type, Kawaguchi-Gayet (KG) hepatectomy complexity, and perioperative factors on 90-day complications. RESULTS Overall, 120 patients underwent simultaneous CLM-CRC resection. Grade≥2 complications occurred in 38.3% (n = 46); these patients experienced longer length of stay (median LOS 7.5 vs. 4, p < 0.001) and increased readmission (39% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.001) compared to patients with zero or Grade 1 complications. Median OR time was 298 min. Patients within highest operative time quartile (>506 min) had higher grade≥2 complications (57%vs. 23%, p = 0.04) and greater than 4-fold increased odds of grade≥2 morbidity (OR 4.3, 95% CI (Confidence Interval) 1.41-13.1, p = 0.01). After adjusting for Pringle time, KG complexity and colorectal resection type, increasing operative time was associated with grade≥2 complications, especially for resections in highest quartile of operative time (OR 7.28, 95% CI 1.73-30.6, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION In patients undergoing simultaneous CLM-CRC resection, prolonged operative time is independently associated with grade≥2 complications. Awareness of cumulative operative time may inform intraoperative decision-making by surgical teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N Martin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ching-Wei D Tzeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elsa M Arvide
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John M Skibber
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George J Chang
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi-Qian Nancy You
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian K Bednarski
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abhineet Uppal
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Whitney L Dewhurst
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jenilette V Cristo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun S Chun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hop S Tran Cao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy E Newhook
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Sijberden JP, Zimmitti G, Conci S, Russolillo N, Masetti M, Cipriani F, Lanari J, Görgec B, Benedetti Cacciaguerra A, Rotellar F, D’Hondt M, Edwin B, Sutcliffe RP, Dagher I, Efanov M, López-Ben S, Primrose JN, Giuliante F, Spinelli A, Chand M, Alvarez S, Langella S, Nicosia S, Ruzzenente A, Vivarelli M, Cillo U, Aldrighetti L, Jovine E, Ferrero A, Guglielmi A, Besselink MG, Abu Hilal M. Simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases: what determines the risk of unfavorable outcomes? An international multicenter retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:244-254. [PMID: 37093069 PMCID: PMC10389225 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of a simultaneous resection (SIMR) in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases (sCRLM) has increased over the past decades. However, it remains unclear when a SIMR is beneficial and when it should be avoided. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was therefore to compare the outcomes of a SIMR for sCRLM in different settings, and to assess which factors are independently associated with unfavorable outcomes. METHODS To perform this retrospective cohort study, patients with sCRLM undergoing SIMR (2004-2019) were extracted from an international multicenter database, and their outcomes were compared after stratification according to the type of liver and colorectal resection performed. Factors associated with unfavorable outcomes were identified through multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Overall, 766 patients were included, encompassing colorectal resections combined with a major liver resection (n=122), minor liver resection in the anterolateral (n=407), or posterosuperior segments ('Technically major', n=237). Minor and technically major resections, compared to major resections, were more often combined with a rectal resection (29.2 and 36.7 vs. 20.5%, respectively, both P=0.003) and performed fully laparoscopic (22.9 and 23.2 vs. 6.6%, respectively, both P = 0.003). Major and technically major resections, compared to minor resections, were more often associated with intraoperative transfusions (42.9 and 38.8 vs. 20%, respectively, both P = 0.003) and unfavorable incidents (9.6 and 9.8 vs. 3.3%, respectively, both P≤0.063). Major resections were associated, compared to minor and technically major resections, with a higher overall morbidity rate (64.8 vs. 50.4 and 49.4%, respectively, both P≤0.024) and a longer length of stay (12 vs. 10 days, both P≤0.042). American Society of Anesthesiologists grades ≥3 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.671, P=0.015] and undergoing a major liver resection (aOR: 1.788, P=0.047) were independently associated with an increased risk of severe morbidity, while undergoing a left-sided colectomy was associated with a decreased risk (aOR: 0.574, P=0.013). CONCLUSIONS SIMR should primarily be reserved for sCRLM patients in whom a minor or technically major liver resection would suffice and those requiring a left-sided colectomy. These findings should be confirmed by randomized studies comparing SIMR with staged resections.
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Lo WM, Tohme ST, Geller DA. Recent Advances in Minimally Invasive Liver Resection for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases-A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010142. [PMID: 36612137 PMCID: PMC9817853 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approaches to liver resection have been increasingly adopted into use for surgery on colorectal cancer liver metastases. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the outcomes when comparing laparoscopic liver resection (LLR), robotic liver resection (RLR), and open liver resection (OLR) for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) in 39 studies (2009-2022) that include a case-matched series, propensity score analyses, and three randomized clinical trials. LLR is associated with less intraoperative blood loss and shorter hospital stay compared with OLR. LLR can be performed with comparable operative time. LLR has similar rates of perioperative complications and mortality as OLR. There were no significant differences in 5-year overall or disease-free survival between approaches. Robotic liver resection (RLR) has comparable perioperative safety to LLR and may improve rates of R0 resection in certain patients. Finally, MIS approaches to the hepatic resection of CRLM reduce the time from liver resection to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy. Thus, MIS liver surgery should be considered in the array of options for patients with CRLM, though thoughtful patient selection and surgeon experience should be part of that decision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David A. Geller
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-412-692-2001; Fax: +1-412-602-2002
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4
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AVELLA P, VASCHETTI R, CAPPUCCIO M, GAMBALE F, DE MEIS L, RAFANELLI F, BRUNESE MC, GUERRA G, SCACCHI A, ROCCA A. The role of liver surgery in simultaneous synchronous colorectal liver metastases and colorectal cancer resections: a literature review of 1730 patients underwent open and minimally invasive surgery. Minerva Surg 2022; 77:582-590. [DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.22.09716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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The Number of Intraoperative Intestinal Venous Circulating Tumor Cells Is a Prognostic Factor for Colorectal Cancer Patients. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4162354. [PMID: 36193123 PMCID: PMC9525778 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4162354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the association between intestinal venous blood (IVB) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and clinicopathological parameters in stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods Participants were retrospectively retrieved, who were admitted to our hospital or took annual physical exams between December 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018. A negative enrichment-immunofluorescence in situ hybridization (NE-imFISH) technique was used to isolate and identify CTCs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Youden index values were used to determine the critical CTC cutoff value for the diagnosis of CRC. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods were used to conduct survival analyses, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed for multivariate corrections to comprehensively evaluate the value of CTCs in the diagnosis of CRC. Relationships between IVB CTCs, clinicopathological parameters, and prognosis were then analyzed based upon patient postoperative follow-up data. Results In total, we retrieved 282 patients including 48 healthy controls, 72 patients with benign colorectal tumors, and 162 CRC patients. CRC patients exhibited significantly higher numbers of CTCs relative to control patients or those with benign disease. CTC numbers in CRC patient peripheral blood (PB) and IVB were closely associated with tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (P < 0.01), carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125) levels (P < 0.001), and KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma virus oncogene) mutation status (P < 0.001). The disease-free survival (DFS) of patients in the CTC-negative group was significantly longer than that of patients in the CTC-positive group (24.60 ± 13.31 months vs. 18.70 ± 10.19 months, P < 0.05), with the same being true with respect to their overall survival (OS) (30.60 ± 12.44 months vs. 35.25 ± 11.57 months, P < 0.05). A multivariate analysis revealed that the detection ≥2 CTCs/3.2 ml was independently associated with poorer DFS and OS. CTC counts were independently predictive of CRC patients TNM staging, CA-125, and KRAS mutation status in both univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Conclusion CTCs are valuable biomarkers that can be monitored to predict CRC patient disease progression.
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6
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Gumiero JL, Oliveira BMSD, Neto PADO, Pandini RV, Gerbasi LS, Figueiredo MN, Kruger JAP, Seid VE, Araujo SEA, Tustumi F. Timing of resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:175-188. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.26868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rafael Vaz Pandini
- Department of Surgical Oncology Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lucas Soares Gerbasi
- Department of Surgical Oncology Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Victor Edmond Seid
- Department of Surgical Oncology Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Tustumi
- Department of Surgical Oncology Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo Brazil
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7
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Aliyev SA, Aliyev ES. [Colorectal cancer liver metastases: current state of the problem, priority treatment approaches]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2022:111-119. [PMID: 35593635 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia2022051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The review is devoted to the world trends in epidemiology of colorectal cancer and treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases. The authors analyze the effectiveness of traditional (resection) and modern minimally invasive methods of local destruction (radiofrequency thermoablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation), stereotactic radiotherapy, radiosurgery, targeted therapy and endovascular techniques (chemoinfusion, chemoembolization, radioembolization). It was emphasized that searching for new chemotherapeutic and targeted drugs is one of the reserve ways to improve treatment outcomes in patients with potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. The possibilities and prospects of liver transplantation as a priority treatment strategy for patients with unresectable bilobar colorectal cancer liver metastases are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Aliyev
- Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - E S Aliyev
- Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
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8
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Sena G, Picciariello A, Marino F, Goglia M, Rocca A, Meniconi RL, Gallo G. One-Stage Total Laparoscopic Treatment for Colorectal Cancer With Synchronous Metastasis. Is It Safe and Feasible? Front Surg 2021; 8:752135. [PMID: 34869559 PMCID: PMC8637405 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.752135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver is the main target organ for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases. It is estimated that ~25% of CRC patients have synchronous metastases at diagnosis, and about 60% of CRC patients will develop metastases during the follow up. Although several teams have performed simultaneous laparoscopic resections (SLR) of liver and colorectal lesions, the feasibility and safety of this approach is still widely debated and few studies on this topic are present in the literature. The purpose of this literature review is to understand the state of the art of SLR and to clarify the potential benefits and limitations of this approach. Several studies have shown that SLR can be performed safely and with short-term outcomes similarly to the separated procedures. Simultaneous laparoscopic colorectal and hepatic resections combine the advantages of one stage surgery with those of laparoscopic surgery. Several reports compared the short-term outcomes of one stage laparoscopic resection with open resections and showed a similar or inferior amount of blood loss, a similar or lower complication rate, and a significant reduction of hospital stay for laparoscopic surgery respect to open surgery but much longer operating times for the laparoscopic technique. Few retrospective studies compared long term outcomes of laparoscopic one stage surgery with the outcomes of open one stage surgery and did not identify any differences about disease free survival and the overall survival. In conclusion, hepatic and colorectal SLR are a safe and effective approach characterized by less intraoperative blood loss, faster recovery of intestinal function, and shorter length of postoperative hospital stay. Moreover, laparoscopic approach is associated to lower rates of surgical complications without significant differences in the long-term outcomes compared to the open surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sena
- Department of Vascular Surgery, "Pugliese-Ciaccio" Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Marino
- Unit of Surgery, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis," Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Marta Goglia
- Department of General Surgery, "La Sapienza" University of Rome-Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Rocca
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio," University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Roberto L Meniconi
- Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Gallo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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9
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Zhai S, Sun X, Du L, Chen K, Zhang S, Shi Y, Yuan F. Role of Surgical Approach to Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective Analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3699-3711. [PMID: 33994810 PMCID: PMC8112857 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s300890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is a retrospective analysis of exploring the efficiency of surgical management on patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (SCLM). PATIENTS AND METHODS Nine hundred fifty-three consecutive patients with SCLM from Weifang People's Hospital of Shandong Province between January 2006 and December 2015 were reviewed. The values of different factors were analyzed, such as different surgical indications of liver metastases, simultaneous or staged resection of primary colorectal cancer and liver metastases, and primary tumor resection (PTR) of asymptomatic patients with unresectable liver metastases. RESULTS Median survival time (47.3 months) and 5-year survival rate (31%) for patients with resected liver metastases were significantly superior to that of with nonoperative treatment (17.2 months, 4%, P<0.001); enlarging the standard of liver metastases resection can improve the resection rates (31.0% vs 13.6%, P<0.001); for patients with resectable liver metastases, the in-hospital cost for simultaneous resection group was lower than that in the staged resection group (36,698 vs 45,134 RMB, P<0.001); for patients of the asymptomatic primary tumor with unresectable liver metastases, PTR was associated with improved median survival (18.0 vs 15.0 months, P=0.006). CONCLUSION For patients with SCLM, liver resection is considered the best treatment; expanding indications of liver resection can improve the resection rates. Simultaneous resection of the primary tumor and liver metastases were indicated in patients with resectable SCLM; PTR was recommended for asymptomatic patients with unresectable hepatic metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyong Zhai
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Weifang People’ s Hospital, Weifang Medical College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- School of Management and Information, Shandong Transport Vocational College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longfeng Du
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Weifang People’ s Hospital, Weifang Medical College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Weifang People’ s Hospital, Weifang Medical College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- School of Management and Information, Shandong Transport Vocational College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiran Shi
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Weifang People’ s Hospital, Weifang Medical College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Weifang People’ s Hospital, Weifang Medical College, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261041, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Ceccarelli G, Rocca A, De Rosa M, Fontani A, Ermili F, Andolfi E, Bugiantella W, Levi Sandri GB. Minimally invasive robotic-assisted combined colorectal and liver excision surgery: feasibility, safety and surgical technique in a pilot series. Updates Surg 2021; 73:1015-1022. [PMID: 33830484 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-021-01009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Different strategies may be adopted in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases (LM). The role of laparoscopy has been investigated to define the benefits of minimally invasive surgery in a single-stage operation. In our study, we report our experience of 28 Minimally Invasive Robotic-Assisted combined Colorectal and Liver Excision Surgery (MIRACLES). From October 2012 to December 2019, 135 Robotic liver resections and 218 Robotic Colorectal resections were performed in our center. Twenty-eight patients underwent MIRACLES resection with 37 nodules removed. Fifty-two lesions in 28 patients were resected in minimally invasive robot-assisted surgery. Eighteen lesions were located in postero-superior liver segments (eight in segment VII, two in segment VIII, eight in segment IVa). Nine right colectomies, seven left colectomies, ten anterior rectal resections, one Hartmann and one MILES procedures were performed. The median surgical time of MIRACLES procedures was 332 min. Two conversions to open approach were necessary. Four major complications (> III) were observed. No postoperative mortality was recorded. The median hospital stay was 8 days. The median overall survival was 27.5 months. The MIRACLES approach is feasible and safe for colorectal resection and hepatic nodules located in all segments, with a low rate of postoperative complications. Surgical technique is demanding and should be reserved, presently, to tertiary centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Ceccarelli
- General and Robotic Surgery Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Perugia, Italy. .,San Donato Hospital, General and Robotic Surgery Unit, Arezzo, Italy.
| | - Aldo Rocca
- San Donato Hospital, General and Robotic Surgery Unit, Arezzo, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Michele De Rosa
- General and Robotic Surgery Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontani
- San Donato Hospital, General and Robotic Surgery Unit, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Fabio Ermili
- General and Robotic Surgery Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Perugia, Italy
| | - Enrico Andolfi
- San Donato Hospital, General and Robotic Surgery Unit, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Walter Bugiantella
- General and Robotic Surgery Department, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Levi Sandri
- Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Polo Ospedaliero Interaziendale Trapianti (POIT), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
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11
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Ward WH, Hui J, Davis CH, Li T, Goel N, Handorf E, Ross EA, Curley SA, Karachristos A, Esnaola NF. Perioperative Outcomes Following Combined Versus Isolated Colorectal and Liver Resections: Insights From a Contemporary, National, Propensity Score-Based Analysis. ANNALS OF SURGERY OPEN 2021; 2:e050. [PMID: 36714392 PMCID: PMC9872861 DOI: 10.1097/as9.0000000000000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to compare outcomes following combined versus isolated resections for metastatic colorectal cancer and/or liver metastases using a large, contemporary national database. Background Controversy persists regarding optimal timing of resections in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases. Methods We analyzed 11,814 patients with disseminated colorectal cancer and/or liver metastases who underwent isolated colon, rectal, or liver resections (CRs, RRs, or LRs) or combined colon/liver or rectal/liver resections (CCLRs or CRLRs) in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use File (2011-2015). We examined associations between resection type and outcomes using univariate/multivariate analyses and used propensity adjustment to account for nonrandom receipt of isolated versus combined resections. Results Two thousand four hundred thirty-seven (20.6%); 2108 (17.8%); and 6243 (52.8%) patients underwent isolated CR, RR, or LR; 557 (4.7%) and 469 (4.0%) underwent CCLR or CRLR. Three thousand three hundred ninety-five patients (28.7%) had serious complications (SCs). One hundred forty patients (1.2%) died, of which 113 (80.7%) were failure to rescue (FTR). One thousand three hundred eighty-six (11.7%) patients experienced unplanned readmission. After propensity adjustment and controlling for procedural complexity, wound class, and operation year, CCLR/CRLR was independently associated with increased risk of SC, as well as readmission (compared with LR). CCLR was also independently associated with increased risk of FTR and death (compared with LR). Conclusions Combined resection uniformly confers increased risk of SC and increased risk of mortality after CCLR; addition of colorectal to LR increases risk of readmission. Combined resections are less safe, and potentially more costly, than isolated resections. Effective strategies to prevent SC after combined resections are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Ward
- From the Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, VA
| | - Jane Hui
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Catherine H. Davis
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Data Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | - Neha Goel
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Elizabeth Handorf
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eric A. Ross
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Nestor F. Esnaola
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
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12
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Valdimarsson VT, Syk I, Lindell G, Sandström P, Isaksson B, Rizell M, Norén A, Ardnor B, Sturesson C. Outcomes of Simultaneous Resections and Classical Strategy for Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastases in Sweden: A Nationwide Study with Special Reference to Major Liver Resections. World J Surg 2021; 44:2409-2417. [PMID: 32185455 PMCID: PMC7266839 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-020-05475-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background About 20% of patients with colorectal cancer have liver metastases at the time of diagnosis, and surgical resection offers a chance for cure. The aim of the present study was to compare outcomes for patients that underwent simultaneous resection to those that underwent a staged procedure with the bowel-first (classical) strategy by using information from two national registries in Sweden. Methods In this prospectively registered cohort study, we analyzed clinical, pathological, and survival outcomes for patients operated in the period 2008–2015 and compared the two strategies. Results In total, 537 patients constituted the study cohort, where 160 were treated with the simultaneous strategy and 377 with the classical strategy. Patients managed with the simultaneous strategy had less often rectal primary tumors (22% vs. 31%, p = 0.046) and underwent to a lesser extent a major liver resection (16% vs. 41%, p < 0.001), but had a shorter total length of stay (11 vs. 15 days, p < 0.001) and more complications (52% vs. 36%, p < 0.001). No significant 5-year overall survival (p = 0.110) difference was detected. Twenty-five patients had a major liver resection in the simultaneous strategy group and 155 in the classical strategy group without difference in 5-year overall survival (p = 0.198). Conclusion Simultaneous resection of the colorectal primary cancer and liver metastases can possibly have more complications, with no difference in overall survival compared to the classical strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentinus T Valdimarsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ingvar Syk
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Surgery, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gert Lindell
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bengt Isaksson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Rizell
- Department of Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agneta Norén
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bjarne Ardnor
- Department of Surgery, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christian Sturesson
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
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De Raffele E, Mirarchi M, Cuicchi D, Lecce F, Casadei R, Ricci C, Selva S, Minni F. Simultaneous colorectal and parenchymal-sparing liver resection for advanced colorectal carcinoma with synchronous liver metastases: Between conventional and mini-invasive approaches. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:6529-6555. [PMID: 33268945 PMCID: PMC7673966 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i42.6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal timing of surgery in case of synchronous presentation of colorectal cancer and liver metastases is still under debate. Staged approach, with initial colorectal resection followed by liver resection (LR), or even the reverse, liver-first approach in specific situations, is traditionally preferred. Simultaneous resections, however, represent an appealing strategy, because may have perioperative risks comparable to staged resections in appropriately selected patients, while avoiding a second surgical procedure. In patients with larger or multiple synchronous presentation of colorectal cancer and liver metastases, simultaneous major hepatectomies may determine worse perioperative outcomes, so that parenchymal-sparing LR should represent the most appropriate option whenever feasible. Mini-invasive colorectal surgery has experienced rapid spread in the last decades, while laparoscopic LR has progressed much slower, and is usually reserved for limited tumours in favourable locations. Moreover, mini-invasive parenchymal-sparing LR is more complex, especially for larger or multiple tumours in difficult locations. It remains to be established if simultaneous resections are presently feasible with mini-invasive approaches or if we need further technological advances and surgical expertise, at least for more complex procedures. This review aims to critically analyze the current status and future perspectives of simultaneous resections, and the present role of the available mini-invasive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio De Raffele
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Digestive Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Mirarchi
- Dipartimento Strutturale Chirurgico, Ospedale SS Antonio e Margherita, 15057 Tortona (AL), Italy
| | - Dajana Cuicchi
- Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Department of Digestive Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Lecce
- Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Department of Digestive Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Casadei
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Saverio Selva
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Digestive Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Minni
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Lei P, Ruan Y, Tan L, Wei H, Chen T. Laparoscopic colorectal resection combined with simultaneous thermal ablation or surgical resection of liver metastasis: a retrospective comparative study. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 37:137-143. [PMID: 31986941 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1716086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Colorectal liver metastasis is a critical cause of mortality. However, the safety and long-term prognosis of simultaneous colorectal tumor resection along with hepatic lesion ablation are debated. The current analysis was conducted to further clarify the controversy.Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected data of 68 patients who underwent ablation or resection for liver lesions combined with simultaneous laparoscopic primary colorectal tumor resection between September 2011 and October 2016 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Perioperative outcomes and long-term follow-up data were compared between patients in the resection and ablation groups.Results: Both groups had similar surgical duration (286.70 ± 78.33 vs. 313.67 ± 80.90 min), conversion rate (2 vs. 0), total expenses (81.51 ± 20.20 vs. 82.21 ± 27.81 kRMB, p = .914) and morbidities (11 vs. 24, p = .667). However, the postoperative hospital stays (12.82 ± 9.25 vs. 8.40 ± 2.38 d) and transfusion rates (56.52% vs. 8.89%) were significantly lower in the ablation group. The long-term overall survival (p = .714), disease-free survival (p = .680) and intra-hepatic recurrent-free survival (p = .496) were comparable between both groups.Conclusion: With respect to simultaneous treatment for both primary colorectal cancer and liver metastasis, hepatic lesion ablation was associated with lower blood loss and hospital stay duration than liver resection, without compromising the surgical safety and long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purun Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tufeng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Kelly ME, Aalbers AGJ, Abdul Aziz N, Abecasis N, Abraham‐Nordling M, Akiyoshi T, Alberda W, Albert M, Andric M, Angenete E, Antoniou A, Auer R, Austin KK, Aziz O, Baker RP, Bali M, Baseckas G, Bebington B, Bednarski BK, Beets GL, Berg PL, Beynon J, Biondo S, Boyle K, Bordeianou L, Bremers AB, Brunner M, Buchwald P, Bui A, Burgess A, Burger JWA, Burling D, Burns E, Campain N, Carvalhal S, Castro L, Caycedo‐Marulanda A, Chan KKL, Chang GJ, Chew MH, Chong PC, Christensen HK, Clouston H, Codd M, Collins D, Colquhoun A, Corr A, Coscia M, Coyne PE, Creavin B, Croner RS, Damjanovic L, Daniels IR, Davies M, Davies RJ, Delaney CP, Denost Q, Deutsch C, Dietz D, Domingo S, Dozois EJ, Duff M, Eglinton T, Enrique‐Navascues JM, Espin‐Basany E, Evans MD, Fearnhead NS, Flatmark K, Fleming F, Frizelle FA, Gallego MA, Garcia‐Granero E, Garcia‐Sabrido JL, Gentilini L, George ML, Ghouti L, Giner F, Ginther N, Glynn R, Golda T, Griffiths B, Harris DA, Hagemans JAW, Hanchanale V, Harji DP, Helewa RM, Heriot AG, Hochman D, Hohenberger W, Holm T, Hompes R, Jenkins JT, Kaffenberger S, Kandaswamy GV, Kapur S, Kanemitsu Y, Kelley SR, Keller DS, Khan MS, Kiran RP, Kim H, Kim HJ, Koh CE, Kok NFM, Kokelaar R, Kontovounisios C, Kristensen HØ, Kroon HM, Kusters M, Lago V, Larsen SG, Larson DW, Law WL, Laurberg S, Lee PJ, Limbert M, Lydrup ML, Lyons A, Lynch AC, Mantyh C, Mathis KL, Margues CFS, Martling A, Meijerink WJHJ, Merkel S, Mehta AM, McArthur DR, McDermott FD, McGrath JS, Malde S, Mirnezami A, Monson JRT, Morton JR, Mullaney TG, Negoi I, Neto JWM, Nguyen B, Nielsen MB, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP, Nilsson PJ, O’Connell PR, O’Dwyer ST, Palmer G, Pappou E, Park J, Patsouras D, Pellino G, Peterson AC, Poggioli G, Proud D, Quinn M, Quyn A, Radwan RW, van Ramshorst GH, Rasheed S, Rasmussen PC, Regenbogen SE, Renehan A, Rocha R, Rochester M, Rohila J, Rothbarth J, Rottoli M, Roxburgh C, Rutten HJT, Ryan ÉJ, Safar B, Sagar PM, Sahai A, Saklani A, Sammour T, Sayyed R, Schizas AMP, Schwarzkopf E, Scripcariu V, Selvasekar C, Shaikh I, Hellawell G, Shida D, Simpson A, Smart NJ, Smart P, Smith JJ, Solbakken AM, Solomon MJ, Sørensen MM, Steele SR, Steffens D, Stitzenberg K, Stocchi L, Stylianides NA, Sumrien H, Sutton PA, Swartking T, Taylor C, Tekkis PP, Teras J, Thurairaja R, Toh EL, Tsarkov P, Tsukada Y, Tsukamoto S, Tuech JJ, Turner WH, Tuynman JB, Vasquez‐Jimenez W, Verhoef C, Vizzielli G, Voogt ELK, Uehara K, Wakeman C, Warrier S, Wasmuth HH, Weber K, Weiser MR, Wheeler JMD, Wild J, Wilson M, de Wilt JHW, Wolthuis A, Yano H, Yip B, Yip J, Yoo RN, van Zoggel D, Winter DC. Simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection for primary rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: results from the PelvEx Collaborative. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1258-1262. [PMID: 32294308 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM At presentation, 15-20% of patients with rectal cancer already have synchronous liver metastases. The aim of this study was to determine the surgical and survival outcomes in patients with advanced rectal cancer who underwent combined pelvic exenteration and liver (oligometastatic) resection. METHOD Data from 20 international institutions that performed simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection between 2007 and 2017 were accumulated. Primarily, we examined perioperative outcomes, morbidity and mortality. We also assessed the impact that margin status had on survival. RESULTS Of 128 patients, 72 (56.2%) were men with a median age of 60 years [interquartile range (IQR) 15 years]. The median size of the liver oligometastatic deposits was 2 cm (IQR 1.8 cm). The median duration of surgery was 406 min (IQR 240 min), with a median blood loss of 1090 ml (IQR 2010 ml). A negative resection margin (R0 resection) was achieved in 73.5% of pelvic exenterations and 66.4% of liver resections. The 30-day mortality rate was 1.6%, and 32% of patients had a major postoperative complication. The 5-year overall survival for patients in whom an R0 resection of both primary and metastatic disease was achieved was 54.6% compared with 20% for those with an R1/R2 resection (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection is feasible, with acceptable morbidity and mortality. Simultaneous resection should only be performed where an R0 resection of both pelvic and hepatic disease is anticipated.
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Management strategies for patients with advanced rectal cancer and liver metastases using modified Delphi methodology: results from the PelvEx Collaborative. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1184-1188. [PMID: 32043753 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM A total of 15-20% of patients with rectal cancer have liver metastases on presentation. The management of these patients is controversial. Heterogeneity in management strategies is considerable, with management often being dependent on local resources and available expertise. METHOD Members of the PelvEx Collaborative were invited to participate in the generation of a consensus statement on the optimal management of patients with advanced rectal cancer with liver involvement. Fifteen statements were created for topical discussion on diagnostic and management issues. Panellists were asked to vote on statements and anonymous feedback was given. A collaborative meeting was used to discuss any nuances and clarify any obscurity. Consensus was considered when > 85% agreement on a statement was achieved. RESULTS A total of 135 participants were involved in the final round of the Delphi questionnaire. Nine of the 15 statements reached consensus regarding the management of patients with advanced rectal cancer and oligometastatic liver disease. Routine use of liver MRI was not recommended for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, unless there was concern for metastatic disease on initial computed tomography staging scan. Induction chemotherapy was advocated as first-line treatment in those with synchronous liver metastases in locally advanced rectal cancer. In the presence of symptomatic primary disease, a diverting stoma may be required to facilitate induction chemotherapy. Overall, only one-quarter of the panellists would consider simultaneous pelvic exenteration and liver resection. CONCLUSION This Delphi process highlights the diverse treatment of advanced rectal cancer with liver metastases and provides recommendations from an experienced international group regarding the multidisciplinary management approach.
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Kabir T, Syn N, Goh BKP. Current status of laparoscopic liver resection for the management of colorectal liver metastases. J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:526-539. [PMID: 32655931 PMCID: PMC7340801 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2020.02.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. The commonest site of spread is the liver, with up to 40% of patients developing colorectal liver metastasis (CLRM) during the course of their lifetime. Significant advances in surgical techniques, as well as breakthroughs in chemotherapy and biologic agents, have resulted in dramatic improvements in prognosis. A multimodal approach comprising of liver resection coupled with systemic therapy offers these patients the best chance of cure. The arrival of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) within the last 3 decades has added a whole new dimension to the management of this condition. Today, CLRM is one of the most frequent indications for LLR globally. Meta-analyses of retrospective studies and two randomized trials have demonstrated superior short-term outcomes following LLR, with no differences in mortality rates. Oncologically, R0 resection rates are comparable to the open approach, while overall and disease-free survival rates are also similar. As surgeons gain confidence, boundaries are pushed even further. High-volume centers have published their early experiences with complex LLR of recurrent CLRM as well as totally laparoscopic synchronous resection of CRC and liver metastases, with very encouraging results. In the presence of extensive bilobar CLRM, two-stage hepatectomy (TSH) and associating liver partition with portal vein ligation (ALPPS) may be adopted to augment an inadequate future liver remnant to facilitate metastasectomy. Interestingly, the adoption of LLR for these techniques also seem to confer additional benefits. Despite the plethora of advantages, LLR comes with its own unique set of limitations such as a steep learning curve and high cost. The surgical world eagerly awaits the results of prospective trials currently underway in order to further advance the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tousif Kabir
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of General Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Syn
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K. P. Goh
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Snyder RA, Hao S, Irish W, Zervos EE, Tuttle-Newhall JE, Parikh AA. Thirty-Day Morbidity after Simultaneous Resection of Colorectal Cancer and Colorectal Liver Metastasis: American College of Surgeons NSQIP Analysis. J Am Coll Surg 2020; 230:617-627.e9. [PMID: 32007534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 20% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) present with synchronous liver metastases (CRLM). The decision to resect simultaneously or sequentially remains controversial. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether simultaneous resection of CRC and CRLM is associated with increased complications compared to isolated resection. STUDY DESIGN Prospective data from the American College of Surgeons (ACS) NSQIP, including the ACS NSQIP procedure-specific colectomy and hepatectomy modules from 2014 to 2017, were reviewed in a retrospective cohort study. Primary study outcome was combined 30-day complication rates; secondary outcomes included colectomy and hepatectomy-specific complication. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to control for confounding factors associated with postoperative complication. RESULTS A total of 23,643 patients underwent colectomy, 7,462 hepatectomy, and 592 simultaneous resection for CRC and CLRM. Overall morbidity was higher among patients treated with simultaneous resection (29.9%) compared with either isolated colorectal (22.2%) or hepatic resection (17.1%; p < 0.001). Additionally, postoperative ileus (36.4% vs 19.1%) and anastomotic failure (7.9% vs 3.8%) were more common after simultaneous resection compared with colorectal resection (p < 0.05). Similarly, rates of bile leak (8.3% vs 6.2%, p = 0.195) and post-hepatectomy liver failure (8.7% vs 3.8%, p < 0.001) were higher after simultaneous resection compared with isolated hepatectomy. By multivariable logistic regression, simultaneous resection was associated with increased overall complication compared with isolated colon (odds ratio 1.64 [95% CI 1.36 to 1.96]) or liver resection (odds ratio 2.11 [95% CI 1.75 to 2.55]), as well as increased procedure-specific complication. CONCLUSIONS Although simultaneous resection offers definitive resection for patients with synchronous CRC and CRLM, it is associated with significantly increased 30-day overall and procedure-specific postoperative morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Snyder
- Department of Surgery, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; Department of Public Health, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Scarlett Hao
- Department of Surgery, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - William Irish
- Department of Surgery, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Emmanuel E Zervos
- Department of Surgery, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Janet E Tuttle-Newhall
- Department of Surgery, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Alexander A Parikh
- Department of Surgery, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.
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19
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Simultaneous versus staged resection of rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases (RESECT). Eur Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-019-0582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Idrees JJ, Bagante F, Gani F, Rosinski BF, Chen Q, Merath K, Dillhoff M, Cloyd J, Pawlik TM. Population level outcomes and costs of single stage colon and liver resection versus conventional two-stage approach for the resection of metastatic colorectal cancer. HPB (Oxford) 2019; 21:456-464. [PMID: 30266492 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the current study was to compare outcomes among patients combined colon (CR) and liver resection (LR) for the treatment of simultaneous colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) versus patients undergoing two-stage CR and LR. METHODS Patients undergoing surgery for CRLM between 2004 and 2014 were identified using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Propensity-score matching was used to compare patients undergoing CR + LR with patients undergoing two-stage CR and LR. RESULTS Among 83,410 patients, CR + LR was performed in 5659 (6.7%), stage C + LR was performed in 5659 (6.7%), while isolated CR and LR was performed in 70,177 (84.0%) and 7574 (9.3%) patients, respectively. The number of patients undergoing CR + LR increased from 423 in 2004 to 580 in 2014 (Δ = +37%). Patients undergoing CR + LR had lower postoperative morbidity (CR + LR vs. two-staged CR and LR: 38.5% vs. 61.2%), shorter LOS (median LOS: 8 days [IQR: 7-12] vs. 14 days [IQR: 10-21]), and lower postoperative mortality (3.1% vs. 5.9%) versus patients undergoing two-stage CR and LR. Compared with patients undergoing two-staged CR and LR, median hospital costs were $13,093 lower for patients undergoing CR + LR (median costs: $36,775 [IQR: 26,416-54,245] vs. $23,682 [IQR: 16,299-32,996]). CONCLUSION CR + LR was increasingly performed for treatment of CRLM. Compared with two-staged CR and LR, CR + LR was associated with improved outcomes and lower costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Idrees
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fabio Bagante
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Faiz Gani
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brad F Rosinski
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qinyu Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katiuscha Merath
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary Dillhoff
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Moris D, Tsilimigras DI, Machairas N, Merath K, Cerullo M, Hasemaki N, Prodromidou A, Cloyd JM, Pawlik TM. Laparoscopic synchronous resection of colorectal cancer and liver metastases: A systematic review. J Surg Oncol 2018; 119:30-39. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.25313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Moris
- Department of SurgeryWexner Medical Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
- Division of Surgical OncologyJames Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
- Department of SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurham North Carolina
| | - Diamantis I. Tsilimigras
- Department of SurgeryWexner Medical Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
- Division of Surgical OncologyJames Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
| | - Nikolaos Machairas
- Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens Greece
| | - Katiuscha Merath
- Department of SurgeryWexner Medical Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
- Division of Surgical OncologyJames Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
| | - Marcelo Cerullo
- Department of SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurham North Carolina
| | - Natasha Hasemaki
- Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens Greece
| | - Anastasia Prodromidou
- Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens Greece
| | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of SurgeryWexner Medical Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
- Division of Surgical OncologyJames Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of SurgeryWexner Medical Center, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
- Division of Surgical OncologyJames Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus Ohio
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De Raffele E, Mirarchi M, Cuicchi D, Lecce F, Ricci C, Casadei R, Cola B, Minni F. Simultaneous curative resection of double colorectal carcinoma with synchronous bilobar liver metastases. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 10:293-316. [PMID: 30364774 PMCID: PMC6198303 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i10.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Synchronous colorectal carcinoma (SCRC) indicates more than one primary colorectal carcinoma (CRC) discovered at the time of initial presentation, accounts for 3.1%-3.9% of CRC, and may occur either in the same or in different colorectal segments. The accurate preoperative diagnosis of SCRC is difficult and diagnostic failures may lead to inappropriate treatment and poorer prognosis. SCRC requires colorectal resections tailored to individual patients, based on the number, location, and stage of the tumours, from conventional or extended hemicolectomies to total colectomy or proctocolectomy, when established predisposing conditions exist. The overall perioperative risks of surgery for SCRC seem to be higher than for solitary CRC. Simultaneous colorectal and liver resection represents an appealing surgical strategy in selected patients with CRC and synchronous liver metastases (CRLM), even though the cumulative risks of the two procedures need to be adequately evaluated. Simultaneous resections have the noticeable advantage of avoiding a second laparotomy, give the opportunity of an earlier initiation of adjuvant therapy, and may significantly reduce the hospital costs. Because an increasing number of recent studies have shown good results, with morbidity, perioperative hospitalization, and mortality rates comparable to staged resections, simultaneous procedures can be selectively proposed even in case of complex colorectal resections, including those for SCRC and rectal cancer. However, in patients with multiple bilobar CRLM, major hepatectomies performed simultaneously with colorectal resection have been associated with significant perioperative risks. Conservative or parenchymal-sparing hepatectomies reduce the extent of hepatectomy while preserving oncological radicality, and may represent the best option for selected patients with multiple CRLM involving both liver lobes. Parenchymal-sparing liver resection, instead of major or two-stage hepatectomy for bilobar disease, seemingly reduces the overall operative risk of candidates to simultaneous colorectal and liver resection, and may represent the most appropriate surgical strategy whenever possible, also for patients with advanced SCRC and multiple bilobar liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio De Raffele
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento dell’Apparato Digerente, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Mirarchi
- U.O. di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento Strutturale Chirurgico, Ospedale “Antonio e Margherita, ” Tortona (AL) 15057, Italy
| | - Dajana Cuicchi
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento dell’Apparato Digerente, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Lecce
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento dell’Apparato Digerente, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento dell’Apparato Digerente, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Riccardo Casadei
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento dell’Apparato Digerente, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Bruno Cola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Francesco Minni
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento dell’Apparato Digerente, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna 40138, Italy
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Shim JR, Lee SD, Park HM, Lee EC, Park B, Han SS, Kim SH, Park SJ. Outcomes of liver resection in patients with colorectal liver metastases by laparoscopic or open surgery. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2018; 22:223-230. [PMID: 30215044 PMCID: PMC6125264 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.2018.22.3.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims Colorectal cancer is found with liver metastases about 20-25% due to characteristics of cancer itself. Approximately 20% of liver metastases are found to be resectable. The objective of this study was to evaluate short-term outcomes of patients who received liver resection with colorectal cancer operation in our center by laparoscopic surgery or open surgery. Methods Short-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery of liver resection (LSLR) group who underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) at a single institute from 2013 to 2016 were compared to those of open surgery of liver resection (OSLR) group. Results A total of 123 patients underwent liver resection for CRLM, including 101 (82.1%) patients in the OSLR group and 22 (17.9%) patients in the LSLR group. There were significant differences in tumor characteristics between the two groups, including synchronous and metachronous (p=0.004), tumor number (p<0.001), and tumor margin (p=0.002). For postoperative outcomes, only the length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly different between the two groups (8.5 days in LSLR vs. 11 days in OSLR, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in overall rate of postoperative complications between the two groups (9.1% in LSLR vs. 23.8% in OSLR, p=0.158). Conclusions There are no significant differences in postoperative outcomes between LSLR and OSLR except LOS, liver metastasis number, and resection margin. LSLR may be favorable for highly selected patients with CRLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ryong Shim
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung Duk Lee
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Park
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Eung-Chang Lee
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Boram Park
- Biometrics Research Branch and Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Sik Han
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Kim
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sang Jae Park
- Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Radiofrequency ablation is beneficial in simultaneous treatment of synchronous liver metastases and primary colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193385. [PMID: 29543821 PMCID: PMC5854258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), either two-staged or simultaneous resections of the primary tumor and liver metastases are performed. Data on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of CRLM during a simultaneous procedure is lacking. The primary aim was to analyze short-term and long-term outcome of RFA in simultaneous treatment. A secondary aim was to compare simultaneous resection with the colorectal-first approach. Methods Retrospective analysis of 241 patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous CRLM between 2000–2016. Median follow-up was 36.1 months (IQR 18.2–58.8 months). A multivariable analysis was performed to analyze the postoperative morbidity, using the comprehensive complication index. A propensity matched analysis was performed to compare survival rates. Results In multivariable analysis, the best predictor of lower complication severity was treatment with RFA (p = 0.040). Higher complication rates were encountered in patients who underwent an abdominoperineal resection (p = 0.027) or age > 60 years (p = 0.022). The matched analysis showed comparable overall survival in RFA treated patients versus patients undergoing a liver resection with a five year overall survival of 39.4% and 37.5%, respectively (p = 0.782). In a second matched analysis, 5-year overall survival rates in simultaneously treated patients (43.8%) was comparable to patients undergoing the colorectal first approach (43.0%, p = 0.223). Conclusions RFA treatment of CRLM in simultaneous procedures is associated with a lower complication severity and non-inferior oncological outcome as compared to partial liver resection. RFA should be considered a useful alternative to liver resection.
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25
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Current Trends on the Treatment Sequence for Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastases. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-018-0402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Liu Q, Hao L, Lou Z, Gao X, Gong H, Hong Y, Fu C, Zhang W. Survival time and prognostic factors of patients with initial noncurative colorectal liver metastases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8831. [PMID: 29390420 PMCID: PMC5758122 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The true survival benefit of different curative strategies involving type of operative procedure and timing for patients with initial noncurative colorectal liver metastases remains uncertain. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of primary tumor resection on patients' survival and to clarify the predictive factors related to overall survival (OS).This was a retrospective study that included 219 patients with initial noncurative colorectal liver metastases without extrahepatic disease. The clinicopathological characteristics of patients and their survival were examined. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. All variables associated with P <.05 in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional-hazard regression model.The 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rates of patients with simultaneous liver resection were 79.1%, 39.1%, and 28.4%, respectively, and those of patients with staged liver resection were 83.3%, 46.7%, and 36.8%, respectively (P = .380). The 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rates of patients with primary tumor resection were 57.0%, 18.2%, and 12.3%, respectively, while for the patients without primary tumor resection were 38.9%, 5.6%, and 0%, respectively (P = .012). Independent prognostic factors for OS were carbohydrate antigen19-9, primary tumor resection, tumor differentiation, and adjuvant chemotherapy.No difference in OS was observed between simultaneous liver resection and staged liver resection, while primary tumor resection was beneficial to noncurative colorectal liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
| | - Liqiang Hao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
| | - Zheng Lou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
| | - Xianhua Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
| | - Haifeng Gong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yonggang Hong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
| | - Chuangang Fu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University
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Ivanecz A, Krebs B, Stozer A, Jagric T, Plahuta I, Potrc S. Simultaneous Pure Laparoscopic Resection of Primary Colorectal Cancer and Synchronous Liver Metastases: A Single Institution Experience with Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Radiol Oncol 2017. [PMID: 29520205 PMCID: PMC5839081 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2017-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to compare the outcome of pure laparoscopic and open simultaneous resection of both the primary colorectal cancer and synchronous colorectal liver metastases (SCLM). Patients and methods From 2000 to 2016 all patients treated by simultaneous resection were assessed for entry in this single center, clinically nonrandomized trial. A propensity score matching was used to compare the laparoscopic group (LAP) to open surgery group (OPEN). Primary endpoints were perioperative and oncologic outcomes. Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results Of the 82 patients identified who underwent simultaneous liver resection for SCLM, 10 patients underwent LAP. All these consecutive patients from LAP were matched to 10 comparable OPEN. LAP reduced the length of hospital stay (P = 0.044) and solid food oral intake was faster (P = 0.006) in this group. No patient undergoing the laparoscopic procedure experienced conversion to the open technique. No difference was observed in operative time, blood loss, transfusion rate, narcotics requirement, clinical risk score, resection margin, R0 resections rate, morbidity, mortality and incisional hernias rate. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of the 3-year OS rate (90 vs. 75%; P = 0.842) and DFS rate (60 vs. 57%; P = 0.724). Conclusions LAP reduced the length of hospital stay and offers faster solid food oral intake. Comparable oncologic and survival outcomes can be achieved. LAP is beneficial for well selected patients in high volume centers with appropriate expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Ivanecz
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Bojan Krebs
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andraz Stozer
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tomaz Jagric
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Irena Plahuta
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Stojan Potrc
- Department of Abdominal and General Surgery, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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Wanis KN, Buac S, Linecker M, Ardiles V, Tun-Abraham ME, Robles-Campos R, Malago M, de Santibañes E, Clavien PA, Hernandez-Alejandro R. Patient Survival After Simultaneous ALPPS and Colorectal Resection. World J Surg 2017; 41:1119-1125. [PMID: 27837237 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-016-3818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver resection combined with colorectal surgery (CRS) is the only curative option in many patients presenting with synchronous colorectal cancer and liver metastases (CRLM). Simultaneous resection has been shown to offer benefits in patients with low hepatic tumor load; however, in the setting of in situ colorectal tumor with extensive CRLM and a small predicted future liver remnant (FLR), the use of simultaneous ALPPS and CRS is controversial, lacking outcome data. METHODS Thirty-one cases of simultaneous ALPPS and CRS prospectively entered into the International ALPPS Registry were examined. Univariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with 90-day mortality after stage-2. RESULTS Thirty patients (97%) completed both stages. CRS was performed during stage-1 in 22 patients (73%). Seven patients (23%) had severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIb) following stage-2 ALPPS. The 90-day mortality rate was 15%. Patients who had a severe complication after stage-1 were significantly more likely to have 90-day mortality following stage-2 (p = 0.002). MELD score > 10 on postoperative day-5 after stage-1 was also significantly associated with 90-day mortality (p = 0.011). Disease-free survival and overall survival were 36% and 76% at 1 year, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In light of the high mortality and poor long-term survival identified in this series, the adoption of ALPPS with CRS cannot be recommended without further data. Patients who suffer severe complications or have an elevated MELD score after stage-1 are at higher risk of mortality following stage-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerollos Nashat Wanis
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Suzana Buac
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Linecker
- Swiss HPB and Transplant Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Ardiles
- Department of Surgery, Division of HPB Surgery, Liver Transplant Unit, Italian Hospital Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro Enrique Tun-Abraham
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ricardo Robles-Campos
- Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplant Unit, Virgen De La Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Massimo Malago
- Department of HPB and Liver Transplant Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eduardo de Santibañes
- Department of Surgery, Division of HPB Surgery, Liver Transplant Unit, Italian Hospital Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Swiss HPB and Transplant Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Hernandez-Alejandro
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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29
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Simultaneous Resection for Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastasis: the New Standard of Care? J Gastrointest Surg 2017; 21:975-982. [PMID: 28411351 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-017-3422-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal surgical management for patients with synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis is controversial. We provide an analysis of surgical utilization and outcomes for patients presenting with synchronous colon and rectal cancer liver metastasis between simultaneous and staged approaches. METHODS SPARCS database was used to follow patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer with liver metastases from 2005 to 2014. Using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, we identified patients undergoing staged and simultaneous resection. Our primary endpoint was major events at 30-day follow-up. RESULTS Of the patients, 1430 underwent surgery for synchronous colorectal primary and liver metastases between 2005 and 2014. There was no difference in adjusted rates of major events or anastomotic leak. Patients undergoing simultaneous resection were significantly less likely to experience prolonged length of stay (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.21-0.37) or high hospital charges (OR = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.17-0.32) compared to staged resection even among patients undergoing total hepatic lobectomy and complex colorectal resection. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous resection was found to be equally as safe as staged resection even when evaluating patients undergoing more complex operations, and led to lower health care utilization. Under appropriate clinical circumstances, simultaneous resection offers benefits to patients and the health care system and should be the recommended surgical approach.
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30
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Wanis KN, Pineda-Solis K, Tun-Abraham ME, Yeoman J, Welch S, Vogt K, Van Koughnett JAM, Ott M, Hernandez-Alejandro R. Management of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: impact of multidisciplinary case conference review. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2017; 6:162-169. [PMID: 28652999 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2017.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While no evidence exists to support mandatory multidisciplinary case conference (MCC) review for patients with synchronous colorectal cancer and liver metastases, this unique population may benefit greatly from multidisciplinary discussion. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients who underwent liver resection with curative intent for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) at a tertiary center between January 2008 and June 2015. The characteristics of patients discussed at a weekly regional MCC were examined, and the effect of MCC review on treatment approach was assessed. RESULTS Sixty-six patients underwent elective surgery for synchronous colorectal cancer and liver metastases during the study period. Twenty-nine patients (44%) were presented at a MCC. Presentation was associated with greater likelihood of undergoing simultaneous or liver-first resection (P≤0.0001), with no difference in the extent of liver resection or location of primary tumor between the groups. A greater proportion of patients received chemotherapy and/or radiation following MCC discussion, without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The treatment approach for patients with synchronous colorectal cancer and liver metastases may be significantly altered based on MCC review. Multidisciplinary discussion is advocated in order to facilitate equal access to individualized care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerollos N Wanis
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Karen Pineda-Solis
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Mauro E Tun-Abraham
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Jake Yeoman
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Stephen Welch
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Kelly Vogt
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Julie Ann M Van Koughnett
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Michael Ott
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
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Abstract
Historically, the 5-year survival rates for patients with stage 4 (metastatic) colorectal cancer were extremely poor (5%); however, with advances in systemic chemotherapy combined with an ability to push the boundaries of surgical resection, survival rates in the range of 25–40% can be achieved. This multimodal approach of combining neo-adjuvant strategies with surgical resection has raised a number of questions regarding the optimal management and timing of surgery. For the purpose of this review, we will focus on the treatment of stage 4 colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Collins
- Department of Colon and Rectal surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heidi Chua
- Department of Colon and Rectal surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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32
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Ali SM, Pawlik TM, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Monson JR, Chang GJ, Larson DW. Timing of Surgical Resection for Curative Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 25:32-37. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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33
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Silberhumer GR, Paty PB, Denton B, Guillem J, Gonen M, Araujo RLC, Nash GM, Temple LK, Allen PJ, DeMatteo RP, Weiser MR, Wong WD, Jarnagin WR, D'Angelica MI, Fong Y. Long-term oncologic outcomes for simultaneous resection of synchronous metastatic liver and primary colorectal cancer. Surgery 2016; 160:67-73. [PMID: 27079362 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty-five percent of patients with colorectal cancer present with simultaneous liver metastasis. Complete resection is the only potential curative treatment. Due to improvements in operative and perioperative management, simultaneous liver and colon resections are an accepted procedure at specialized centers for selected patients. Nevertheless, little is known about the long-term, oncologic results of simultaneous operative procedures compared with those of staged operations. METHODS Patients with colorectal cancer and simultaneous liver metastases presenting for complete resection at a tertiary cancer center were identified. Patients who received the primary colon resection at an outside institution were excluded from analysis. RESULTS Between 1984 and 2008, 429 patients underwent operative treatment for colorectal cancer with simultaneous liver metastasis. Of these, 320 (75%) had simultaneous resection and 109 had staged resection. There was no difference in the distribution of primary tumor locations between the 2 groups. Mean size of the hepatic metastases was significantly greater in the staged group (median 4 cm vs 2.5 cm; P < .01). Neither disease-free nor overall survival differed significantly between the 2 treatment strategies. The extent of the liver procedure (more than 3 segments) was identified as a risk factor for decreased disease-free and overall survival (both P < .01). CONCLUSION Simultaneous liver and colorectal resections for metastatic colorectal cancer are associated with similar long-term cancer outcome compared with staged procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd R Silberhumer
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philip B Paty
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Brian Denton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jose Guillem
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Raphael L C Araujo
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Garret M Nash
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Larissa K Temple
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Peter J Allen
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ronald P DeMatteo
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Martin R Weiser
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - W Douglas Wong
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - William R Jarnagin
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Michael I D'Angelica
- Department of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope, Duarte, CA.
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