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Chen Z, Jiang M, Mo L, Zhou C, Huang H, Ma C, Wang Z, Fan Y, Chen Z, Fang B, Liu Y. A natural agent, 5-deoxycajanin, mitigates estrogen-deficiency bone loss via modulating osteoclast-osteoblast homeostasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112906. [PMID: 39173403 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Hyperactive osteoclasts and hypoactive osteoblasts usually result in osteolytic conditions such as estrogen-deficiency bone loss. Few natural compounds that both attenuating bone resorption and enhancing bone formation could exert effects on this imbalance. 5-Deoxycajanin (5-D), an isoflavonoid extracted from Cajan leaf with estrogen-like properties, were found to have beneficial pharmacological effects on rebalancing the activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. This study revealed that 5-D at the same concentration could inhibit osteoclastogenesis of BMMs and promoted osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs. 5-D not only attenuated the fluorescent formation of RANKL-induced F-actin belts and NFATc1, but also activated ALP and RUNX2 expressions. As to downstream factor expressions, 5-D could block osteoclast-specific genes and proteins including NFATc1 and CTSK, while increased osteogenic genes and proteins including OPG and OCN, as confirmed by Real-time PCR and Western Blotting. Additionally, the network pharmacology and molecular docking identified the involvement of 5-D in the MIF and MAPK signaling pathways and the stable binding between 5-D and MAPK2K1. Further Western blot studies showed that 5-D decreased the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK in osteoclasts, but promoted these phosphorylations in osteoblasts. In a female C57BL/6J mouse model of estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss, 5-D demonstrated efficacy in enhancing BMD through attenuating osteoclast activities and promoting osteogenesis. These results underscore the potential application of 5-D on treating osteolysis resulting from hyperactive osteoclasts and hypoactive osteoblasts, shedding light on modulating osteoclast-osteoblast homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Mo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Yangjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangzheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Fan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuhao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Shi V, Morgan EF. Estrogen and estrogen receptors mediate the mechanobiology of bone disease and repair. Bone 2024; 188:117220. [PMID: 39106937 PMCID: PMC11392539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
It is well understood that the balance of bone formation and resorption is dependent on both mechanical and biochemical factors. In addition to cell-secreted cytokines and growth factors, sex hormones like estrogen are critical to maintaining bone health. Although the direct osteoprotective function of estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) has been reported extensively, evidence that estrogen signaling also has a role in mediating the effects of mechanical loading on maintenance of bone mass and healing of bone injuries has more recently emerged. Recent studies have underscored the role of estrogen and ERs in many pathways of bone mechanosensation and mechanotransduction. Estrogen and ERs have been shown to augment integrin-based mechanotransduction as well as canonical Wnt/b-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, and YAP/TAZ pathways. Estrogen and ERs also influence the mechanosensitivity of not only osteocytes but also osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and marrow stromal cells. The current review will highlight these roles of estrogen and ERs in cellular mechanisms underlying bone mechanobiology and discuss their implications for management of osteoporosis and bone fractures. A greater understanding of the mechanisms behind interactions between estrogen and mechanical loading may be crucial to addressing the shortcomings of current hormonal and pharmaceutical therapies. A combined therapy approach including high-impact exercise therapy may mitigate adverse side effects and allow an effective long-term solution for the prevention, treatment, and management of bone fragility in at-risk populations. Furthermore, future implications to novel local delivery mechanisms of hormonal therapy for osteoporosis treatment, as well as the effects on bone health of applications of sex hormone therapy outside of bone disease, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA
| | - Elise F Morgan
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA.
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Liang Y, Yuan X, Dai X, Zhang G, Li C, Yang H, Zhang T, Qin J. The effects of simvastatin on the bone microstructure and mechanics of ovariectomized mice: a micro-CT and micro-finite element analysis study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:748. [PMID: 39294613 PMCID: PMC11409800 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07860-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a major health concern for postmenopausal women, and the effect of simvastatin (Sim) on bone metabolism is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of simvastatin on the bone microstructure and bone mechanical properties in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. METHODS 24 female C57BL/6J mice (8-week-old) were randomly allocated into three groups including the OVX + Sim group, the OVX group and the control group. At 8 weeks after operation, the L4 vertebral bones were dissected completely for micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) scanning and micro-finite element analysis (µFEA). The differences between three groups were compared using ANOVA with a LSD correction, and the relationship between bone microstructure and mechanical properties was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS Bone volume fraction, trabecular number, connectivity density and trabecular tissue mineral density in the OVX + Sim group were significantly higher than those in the OVX group (P < 0.05). For the mechanical properties detected via µFEA, the OVX + Sim group had lower total deformation, equivalent elastic strain and equivalent stress compared to the OVX group (P < 0.05). In the three groups, the mechanical parameters were significantly correlated with bone volume fraction and trabecular bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that simvastatin had a potential role in the treatment of osteoporosis. The results of this study could guide future research on simvastatin and support the development of simvastatin-based treatments to improve bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Liang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No.366 Taishan Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No.366 Taishan Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
- Chinese institutes for medical research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaoxue Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Changqin Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No.366 Taishan Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No.366 Taishan Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No.366 Taishan Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No.366 Taishan Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China.
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Yao Y, Cai X, Chen Y, Zhang M, Zheng C. Estrogen deficiency-mediated osteoimmunity in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 39234932 DOI: 10.1002/med.22081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is a common disease associated with aging, and estrogen deficiency is considered to be the main cause of PMO. Recently, however, osteoimmunology has been revealed to be closely related to PMO. On the one hand, estrogen deficiency directly affects the activity of bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes). On the other hand, estrogen deficiency-mediated osteoimmunity also plays a crucial role in bone loss in PMO. In this review, we systematically describe the progress of the mechanisms of bone loss in PMO, estrogen deficiency-mediated osteoimmunity, the differences between PMO patients and postmenopausal populations without osteoporosis, and estrogen deficiency-mediated immune cells (T cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and mast cells) activity. The comprehensive summary of this paper provides a clear knowledge context for future research on the mechanism of PMO bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Qin L, Liu Q, Zhang T, Tang X, Mo X, Liang Y, Wang X, Cao J, Huang C, Lu Y, Zhang Z, Qin J, Cai J. Association Between Combined Polymetallic Exposure and Osteoporosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3945-3958. [PMID: 38109003 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Combined polymetallic exposure may be an influential factor in osteoporosis. This study aimed to explore the association between polymetallic combined exposure and osteoporosis. A total of 2115 participants were included. Plasma concentrations of 22 metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Osteoporosis was defined as a T ≤ - 2.5. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, binary logistics regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were used to explore the association between plasma metals and osteoporosis. LASSO regression showed that 10 metals were associated with osteoporosis in the total population (magnesium, calcium, manganese, nickel, cobalt, arsenic, selenium, rubidium, cadmium, aluminum) and women (magnesium, calcium, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, arsenic, selenium, rubidium, cadmium, aluminum), and four metals associated with men (magnesium, cobalt, aluminum, iron). Logistics regression showed that in total population, magnesium (ORQ3 = 0.653, 95% CI = 0.446-0.954) was negatively correlated with osteoporosis, while aluminum (ORQ2 = 1.569, 95% CI = 1.095-2.248, ORQ4 = 1.616, 95% CI = 1.109-2.354) and cadmium (ORQ4 = 1.989, 95% CI = 1.379-2.870) were positively correlated; in women, magnesium (ORQ3 = 0.579, 95% CI = 0.379-0.883) was negatively correlated with osteoporosis, while aluminum (ORQ2 = 1.563, 95% CI = 1.051-2.326, ORQ4 = 1.543, 95% CI = 1.024-2.326) and cadmium (ORQ3 = 1.482, 95% CI = 1.003-2.191, ORQ4 = 1.740, 95% CI = 1.167-2.596) were positively correlated. BKMR model showed that combined polymetallic exposure had an overall positive effect on osteoporosis, magnesium was negatively associated with osteoporosis, and cadmium, selenium, and aluminum were positively associated with osteoporosis. Metal mixtures in plasma were associated with osteoporosis risk. Magnesium may reduce the risk of osteoporosis, while cadmium, selenium, and aluminum may increase the risk of osteoporosis. Future studies needed to explore correlations and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Qin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yujian Liang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuexiu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiejing Cao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuwu Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yufu Lu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2Nd Road 109, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
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Lee JW, Park SJ, Park YJ, Jeong S, Song J, Kim HJ, Chang J, Kim KH, Kim JS, Oh YH, Cho Y, Park SM. Association between antibiotics use and osteoporotic fracture risk: a nationally representative retrospective cohort study. Arch Osteoporos 2024; 19:81. [PMID: 39212806 PMCID: PMC11364706 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-024-01438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This population-based retrospective cohort study aimed to estimate the association between antibiotic exposure and osteoporotic fracture risk. Long-term antibiotic use was associated with the risk of osteoporotic fracture. An increase in the number of antibiotic classes prescribed may also be associated with an increased osteoporotic fracture risk. PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association between antibiotic usage and osteoporotic fractures in a large cohort of Korean adults, with a specific focus on the duration of antibiotic exposure and the number of antibiotic classes used. METHODS This retrospective cohort study from the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) database from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2019, included 167,370 Korean adults aged 50 years or older (mean [SD] age, 59.3 [7.82] years; 65,425 [39.09%] women). The cumulative antibiotic prescription days and the classes of antibiotics prescribed between 2004 and 2008 were exposure variables, respectively. The main outcome was a newly diagnosed osteoporotic fracture during follow-up. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incident osteoporotic fractures associated with antibiotic exposure. RESULTS The antibiotic user group with 91 days had a higher risk of osteoporotic fracture in comparison to the antibiotic non-user group (aHR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.21). Additionally, those who used more than four different antibiotic classes had an elevated risk of osteoporotic fracture compared to the non-user group (aHR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.18). CONCLUSION This extensive population-based cohort study conducted on a large population has identified an association between the utilization of antibiotics and an elevated risk of osteoporotic fractures. The cumulative days exposed to antibiotics and osteoporotic fractures may be positively associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Jun Park
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyae Hyung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Public Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- International Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong-Si, South Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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7
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Zhang Y, Chen H. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:471. [PMID: 39127644 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bone status of postmenopausal women is worsening. In fact, postmenopausal period is the high incidence stage of osteoporosis and falls. Notably, a recent study has pointed out that exercise can improve bone health in postmenopausal women. However, the effect of Tai Chi exercise on postmenopausal women is controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis was designed to analyze the effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women. METHODS The researches on Tai Chi improving the bone health of postmenopausal women before August 31, 2023 were collected from Chinese and English databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, etc. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Besides, R software 4.3.1 was employed to analyze the effect sizes in the meta-analysis to summarize the impact of Tai Chi on vertebral bone mineral density, serum calcium, clinical balance scores, the number of falls, total falls, and health status scores in postmenopausal women. RESULTS There were 12 studies eventually included in this meta-analysis. A total of 1,272 postmenopausal women were involved, including 628 in the experimental group (intervention with Tai Chi exercise) and 644 in the control group (without any intervention). Briefly, postmenopausal women practicing Tai Chi presented a significant increase in vertebral bone density [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.04-0.71), P = 0.03] and health status score [SMD = 0.25, 95% CI (0.01-0.49), P = 0.04]. In contrast, there were no significant differences for postmenopausal women between the two groups in terms of serum calcium [SMD = -0.01, 95% CI (-0.39, 0.36), P = 0.77], clinical balance [SMD = 0.17, 95% CI (-0.01, 0.46), P = 0.23], number of falls [SMD = -0.61, 95% CI (-1.24, 0.02), P = 0.06] and total falls [odds ratio = 0.35, 95% CI (0.11-1.12), P = 0.07]. CONCLUSION Tai Chi exercise can improve the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women, thereby maintaining bone health. Hence, Tai Chi exercise is necessary to prevent osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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8
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Karacan I, Türker KS. Exploring neuronal mechanisms of osteosarcopenia in older adults. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39119811 DOI: 10.1113/jp285666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Until recently, research on the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia has primarily focused on local and systemic humoral mechanisms, often overlooking neuronal mechanisms. However, there is a growing body of literature on the neuronal regulation of bone and skeletal muscle structure and function, which may provide insights into the pathogenesis of osteosarcopenia. This review aims to integrate these neuronal regulatory mechanisms to form a comprehensive understanding and inspire future research that could uncover novel strategies for preventing and treating osteosarcopenia. Specifically, the review explores the functional adaptation of weight-bearing bone to mechanical loading throughout evolutionary development, from Wolff's law and Frost's mechanostat theory to the mosaic hypothesis, which emphasizes neuronal regulation. The recently introduced bone osteoregulation reflex points to the importance of the osteocytic mechanoreceptive network as a receptor in this neuronal regulation mechanism. Finally, the review focuses on the bone myoregulation reflex, which is known as a mechanism by which bone loading regulates muscle functions neuronally. Considering the ageing-related regressive changes in the nerve fibres that provide both structural and functional regulation in bone and skeletal muscle tissue and the bone and muscle tissues they innervate, it is suggested that neuronal mechanisms might play a central role in explaining osteosarcopenia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhan Karacan
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Hamidiye Medical School, Health Science University Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Sıtkı Türker
- Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Hao Y, Yang N, Sun M, Yang S, Chen X. The role of calcium channels in osteoporosis and their therapeutic potential. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1450328. [PMID: 39170742 PMCID: PMC11335502 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1450328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a systemic skeletal disorder marked by diminished bone mass and compromised bone microarchitecture, is becoming increasingly prevalent due to an aging population. The underlying pathophysiology of osteoporosis is attributed to an imbalance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Osteoclasts play a crucial role in the development of osteoporosis through various molecular pathways, including the RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling axis, cytokines, and integrins. Notably, the calcium signaling pathway is pivotal in regulating osteoclast activation and function, influencing bone resorption activity. Disruption in calcium signaling can lead to increased osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, contributing to the progression of osteoporosis. Emerging research indicates that calcium-permeable channels on the cellular membrane play a critical role in bone metabolism by modulating these intracellular calcium pathways. Here, we provide an overview of current literature on the regulation of plasma membrane calcium channels in relation to bone metabolism with particular emphasis on their dysregulation during the progression of osteoporosis. Targeting these calcium channels may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hao
- College of Sports, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- College of Sports, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengying Sun
- College of Sports, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shangze Yang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xingjuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
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10
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Dong Q, Wu J, Zhang H, Luo L, Wu W. The causal role of circulating inflammatory markers in osteoporosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomized study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1412298. [PMID: 39091505 PMCID: PMC11291241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1412298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis (OP) associated with aging exerts substantial clinical and fiscal strains on societal structures. An increasing number of research studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship between circulating inflammatory markers (CIMs) and OP. However, observational studies are susceptible to perturbations in confounding variables. In contrast, Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a robust methodological framework to circumvent such confounders, facilitating a more accurate assessment of causality. Our study aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between CIMs and OP, identifying new approaches and strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of OP. Methods We analyzed publicly available GWAS summary statistics to investigate the causal relationships between CIMs and OP. Causal estimates were calculated via a systematic analytical framework, including bidirectional MR analysis and Bayesian colocalization analysis. Results Genetically determined levels of CXCL11 (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85-0.98, P = 0.008, PFDR = 0.119), IL-18 (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.83-0.94, P = 8.66×10-5, PFDR = 0.008), and LIF (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.76-0.96, P = 0.008, PFDR = 0.119) were linked to a reduced risk of OP. Conversely, higher levels of ARTN (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.20, P = 0.012, PFDR = 0.119) and IFNG (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03-1.30, P = 0.013, PFDR = 0.119) were associated with an increased risk of OP. Bayesian colocalization analysis revealed no evidence of shared causal variants. Conclusion Despite finding no overall association between CIMs and OP, five CIMs demonstrated a potentially significant association with OP. These findings could pave the way for future mechanistic studies aimed at discovering new treatments for this disease. Additionally, we are the first to suggest a unidirectional causal relationship between ARTN and OP. This novel insight introduces new avenues for research into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Dong
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayang Wu
- Medical Imaging Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaguo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- Medical Imaging Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenrui Wu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Chaoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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Lin JY, Kuang HM, Rong K, Peng L, Kuang JJ, Yan X. Effectiveness of desertliving cistanche in managing hyperlipidemic osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:393. [PMID: 38970109 PMCID: PMC11225217 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To aim of this study is to assess the mechanism through which Desertliving Cistanche modulates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the treatment of hyperlipidemic osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. METHODS We randomly assigned specific-pathogen-free (SPF) rats into five groups (n = 10 per group). The normal control group received a standard diet, while the model group, atorvastatin group, diethylstilbestrol group, and treatment group were fed a high-fat diet. Four weeks later, bilateral ovariectomies were conducted, followed by drug interventions. After six weeks of treatment, relevant indicators were compared and analyzed. RESULTS Compared to the normal control group, rats in the model group exhibited blurred trabecular morphology, disorganized osteocytes, significantly elevated levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), bone Gla-protein (BGP), total cholesterol (TC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Also, the model group revealed significantly reduced levels of ultimate load, fracture load, estradiol (E2), bone mineral density (BMD), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) in femoral tissue. The atorvastatin group presented with higher TC and TNF-α levels compared to the normal control group. Conversely, the treatment group demonstrated enhanced trabecular morphology, denser structure, smaller bone marrow cavities, and reduced BALP, BGP, TC, TNF-α, and RANKL levels. Furthermore, the treatment group exhibited higher levels of E2, BMD, OPG, and PI3K and Akt in bone tissue compared to the model group. The treatment group also had lower TC and TNF-α levels than the atorvastatin group. Biomechanical analysis indicated that after administration of Desertliving Cistanche, the treatment group had reduced body mass, increased ultimate and fracture load of the femur, denser bone structure, smaller bone marrow cavities, and altered periosteal arrangement compared to the model group. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that Desertliving Cistanche demonstrated significant efficacy in preventing and treating postmenopausal hyperlipidemic osteoporosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yue Lin
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Hao-Ming Kuang
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Kuan Rong
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410006, China
| | - Li Peng
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jian-Jun Kuang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410006, China.
| | - Xu Yan
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 58 Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410006, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Li J, Men Y, Wei W. Changes in bone density and structure of proximal humerus with aging in Chinese women. Injury 2024; 55:111611. [PMID: 38761710 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate age- and menopause-related differences in bone mineral density (BMD), bone structure and estimated bone strength at surgical neck of humerus in Chinese female sample. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study of 171 Chinese women. Bone mass, indices of geometric properties and estimated mechanical strength of the surgical neck were evaluated by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Comparisons were performed across menstrual status categories. Age-related changes in QCT-derived bone parameters were calculated. RESULTS The age-related difference of BMD and cortical thickness was 40.25 % and 32.86 % between the age of 20 and 86 years. Progressive periosteal and endosteal expansion was associated linearly with age. Estimated mechanical strength indexes showed significant quadratic associations with age, with their peak occurred at the age of 46-55 years. The quartile of women with the greatest medullary diameter also had the lowest valve of BMD and cortical thickness and the greatest in skeletal width. Compared to premenopausal individuals, perimenopausal women were distinguished by lower cortical thickness (18.63 %) and BMD (20.05 %). The continued decrease in cortical thickness and BMD was noted after menopause. The medullary and periosteal diameter increased by 17.98 % and 9.34 % respectively in perimenopausal period, but not after menopause. The accelerated loss of the maximum and polar section modulus was observed in late postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS The increase in bone size only occurred during the menopause transition. Obvious loss of resistance to bending was in late postmenopausal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutao Men
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of the Design and Intelligent Control of the Advanced Mechanical System, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanfu Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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13
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Saviour CM, Mathai B, Gupta S. Mechanobiochemical bone remodelling around an uncemented acetabular component: influence of bone orthotropy. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024; 62:1717-1732. [PMID: 38353834 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-024-03023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical loosening of an implant is often caused by bone resorption, owing to stress/strain shielding. Adaptive bone remodelling elucidates the response of bone tissue to alterations in mechanical and biochemical environments. This study aims to propose a novel framework of bone remodelling based on the combined effects of bone orthotropy and mechanobiochemical stimulus. The proposed remodelling framework was employed in the finite element model of an implanted hemipelvis to predict evolutionary changes in bone density and associated orthotropic bone material properties. In order to account for variations in load transfer during common daily activities, several musculoskeletal loading conditions of hip joint corresponding to sitting down/up, stairs ascend/descend and normal walking were considered. The bone remodelling predictions were compared with those of isotropic strain energy density (SED)-based, isotropic mechanobiochemical and orthotropic strain-based bone remodelling formulations. Although similar trends of bone resorption were predicted by orthotropic mechanobiochemical (MBC) and orthotropic strain-based models across implanted acetabulum, more volume (10-20%) of bone elements was subjected to bone resorption for the orthotropic MBC model. Higher bone resorption (75-85%) was predicted by the orthotropic strain-based and orthotropic MBC models compared to the isotropic MBC and SED-based models. Higher bone apposition (35-160%) across the implanted acetabulum was predicted by the isotropic MBC model, compared to the SED-based model. The remodelling predictions indicated that a reduction in estrogen level might lead to an increase in bone resorption. The study highlighted the importance of including mechanobiochemical stimulus and bone anisotropy to predict bone remodelling adequately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceby Mullakkara Saviour
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, West Bengal, India
| | - Basil Mathai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, West Bengal, India
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721 302, West Bengal, India.
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14
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Chen L, Zhao Y, Qiu J, Lin X. Analysis and validation of biomarkers of immune cell-related genes in postmenopausal osteoporosis: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38042. [PMID: 38728482 PMCID: PMC11081595 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common metabolic inflammatory disease. In conditions of estrogen deficiency, chronic activation of the immune system leads to a hypo-inflammatory phenotype and alterations in its cytokine and immune cell profile, although immune cells play an important role in the pathology of osteoporosis, studies on this have been rare. Therefore, it is important to investigate the role of immune cell-related genes in PMOP. PMOP-related datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Immune cells scores between high bone mineral density (BMD) and low BMD samples were assessed based on the single sample gene set enrichment analysis method. Subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to identify modules highly associated with immune cells and obtain module genes. Differential analysis between high BMD and low BMD was also performed to obtain differentially expressed genes. Module genes are intersected with differentially expressed genes to obtain candidate genes, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Machine learning methods were used to filter out the signature genes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the signature genes and the nomogram were plotted to determine whether the signature genes can be used as a molecular marker. Gene set enrichment analysis was also performed to explore the potential mechanism of the signature genes. Finally, RNA expression of signature genes was validated in blood samples from PMOP patients and normal control by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our study of PMOP patients identified differences in immune cells (activated dendritic cell, CD56 bright natural killer cell, Central memory CD4 T cell, Effector memory CD4 T cell, Mast cell, Natural killer T cell, T follicular helper cell, Type 1 T-helper cell, and Type 17 T-helper cell) between high and low BMD patients. We obtained a total of 73 candidate genes based on modular genes and differential genes, and obtained 5 signature genes by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and random forest model screening. ROC, principal component analysis, and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding down scaling analysis revealed that the 5 signature genes had good discriminatory ability between high and low BMD samples. A logistic regression model was constructed based on 5 signature genes, and both ROC and column line plots indicated that the model accuracy and applicability were good. Five signature genes were found to be associated with proteasome, mitochondria, and lysosome by gene set enrichment analysis. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression of the signature genes was significantly different between the 2 groups. HIST1H2AG, PYGM, NCKAP1, POMP, and LYPLA1 might play key roles in PMOP and be served as the biomarkers of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Rehabilitation Department, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
- Osteoporosis Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
- Postgraduate college, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Osteoporosis Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
- Postgraduate college, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingjing Qiu
- Rehabilitation Department, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
- Postgraduate college, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng Lin
- Osteoporosis Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, PR China
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15
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Wang Q, Peng F, Yang J, Chen X, Peng Z, Zhang M, Tang D, Liu J, Zhao H. MicroRNAs regulate the vicious cycle of vascular calcification-osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:622. [PMID: 38709309 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09550-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Menopause is a normal physiological process accompanied by changes in various physiological states. The incidence of vascular calcification (VC) increases each year after menopause and is closely related to osteoporosis (OP). Although many studies have investigated the links between VC and OP, the interaction mechanism of the two under conditions of estrogen loss remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are involved in epigenetic modification, play a critical role in estrogen-mediated mineralization. In the past several decades, miRNAs have been identified as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in diseases. Thus, we hypothesize that these small molecules can provide new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the close interactions between VC and OP and the role of miRNAs in their interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojie Peng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Minyi Zhang
- The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Deqiu Tang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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Ожималов ИД, Каравайная ТК, Фёдорова ЮД, Горбачева АМ, Бибик ЕЕ, Маганева ИС, Еремкина АК, Мокрышева НГ. [Hyperparathyroidism of different genesis in young patients with Turner syndrome: case series and brief review]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2024; 70:56-65. [PMID: 38433542 PMCID: PMC10926241 DOI: 10.14341/probl13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Hyperparathyroidism is a syndrome characterized by an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone. Etiologically, hyperparathyroidism is subdivided into primary hyperparathyroidism, which develops as a result of parathyroid adenoma, carcinoma or hyperplasia, and secondary hyperparathyroidism, which happens as a compensatory response to a hypocalcemia caused by condition outside the parathyroid glands. Turner syndrome may also be accompanied by mineral metabolism disorders of various etiology. An association of hyperparathyroidism and Turner syndrome is interesting because of multifactorial impact on bone mineral density, but only few cases of such coexistence have been previously described in the literature. This article describes two patients with Turner syndrome and hyperparathyroidism of different etiology. Hyperparathyroidism, normocalcemia, vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis, parathyroid tumors were found in both cases. In one case a number of assays was performed to confirm the patient's normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism, and surgery was performed to achieve remission. In the second case, treatment of vitamin D deficiency resulted in normalization of serum concentration of parathormone, after which the patient was prescribed antiresorptive therapy. The pathogenetic association between Turner syndrome and hyperparathyroidism requires further investigation. Comprehensive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of mineral metabolism disorders are essential for patients with coexistence of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- И. Д. Ожималов
- Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова
| | | | - Ю. Д. Фёдорова
- Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова
| | - А. М. Горбачева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - Е. Е. Бибик
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - И. С. Маганева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - А. К. Еремкина
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - Н. Г. Мокрышева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
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17
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Verbruggen SW, Nolan J, Duffy MP, Pearce OM, Jacobs CR, Knight MM. A Novel Primary Cilium-Mediated Mechanism Through which Osteocytes Regulate Metastatic Behavior of Both Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305842. [PMID: 37967351 PMCID: PMC10787058 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastases are a common cause of suffering in breast and prostate cancer patients, however, the interaction between bone cells and cancer cells is poorly understood. Using a series of co-culture, conditioned media, human cancer spheroid, and organ-on-a-chip experiments, this study reveals that osteocytes suppress cancer cell proliferation and increase migration via tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) secretion. This action is regulated by osteocyte primary cilia and associated intraflagellar transport protein 88 (IFT88). Furthermore, it shows that cancer cells block this mechanism by secreting transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which disrupts osteocyte cilia and IFT88 gene expression. This bi-directional crosstalk signaling between osteocytes and cancer cells is common to both breast and prostate cancer. This study also proposes that osteocyte inhibition of cancer cell proliferation decreases as cancer cells increase, producing more TGF-β. Hence, a positive feedback loop develops accelerating metastatic tumor growth. These findings demonstrate the importance of cancer cell-osteocyte signaling in regulating breast and prostate bone metastases and support the development of therapies targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan W. Verbruggen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringColumbia University in the City of New YorkNew YorkNY10027USA
- Centre for BioengineeringSchool of Engineering and Materials ScienceQueen Mary University of LondonLondonE1 4NSUK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO Institute for in silico MedicineUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS1 3JDUK
- Centre for Predictive in vitro ModelsQueen Mary University of LondonLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Joanne Nolan
- Centre for BioengineeringSchool of Engineering and Materials ScienceQueen Mary University of LondonLondonE1 4NSUK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO Institute for in silico MedicineUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS1 3JDUK
- Barts Cancer InstituteSchool of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonEC1M 6AUUK
| | - Michael P. Duffy
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringColumbia University in the City of New YorkNew YorkNY10027USA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Oliver M.T. Pearce
- Barts Cancer InstituteSchool of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonEC1M 6AUUK
| | - Christopher R. Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringColumbia University in the City of New YorkNew YorkNY10027USA
| | - Martin M. Knight
- Centre for BioengineeringSchool of Engineering and Materials ScienceQueen Mary University of LondonLondonE1 4NSUK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO Institute for in silico MedicineUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS1 3JDUK
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18
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Seddiqi H, Klein-Nulend J, Jin J. Osteocyte Mechanotransduction in Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:731-742. [PMID: 37792246 PMCID: PMC10724326 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by periodontal tissue responses to mechanical loading, leading to clinically relevant functional adaptation of jaw bone. Since osteocytes are significant in mechanotransduction and orchestrate osteoclast and osteoblast activity, they likely play a central role in orthodontic tooth movement. In this review, we attempt to shed light on the impact and role of osteocyte mechanotransduction during orthodontic tooth movement. RECENT FINDINGS Mechanically loaded osteocytes produce signaling molecules, e.g., bone morphogenetic proteins, Wnts, prostaglandins, osteopontin, nitric oxide, sclerostin, and RANKL, which modulate the recruitment, differentiation, and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The major signaling pathways activated by mechanical loading in osteocytes are the wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin and RANKL pathways, which are key regulators of bone metabolism. Moreover, osteocytes are capable of orchestrating bone adaptation during orthodontic tooth movement. A better understanding of the role of osteocyte mechanotransduction is crucial to advance orthodontic treatment. The optimal force level on the periodontal tissues for orthodontic tooth movement producing an adequate biological response, is debated. This review emphasizes that both mechanoresponses and inflammation are essential for achieving tooth movement clinically. To fully comprehend the role of osteocyte mechanotransduction in orthodontic tooth movement, more knowledge is needed of the biological pathways involved. This will contribute to optimization of orthodontic treatment and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Seddiqi
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenneke Klein-Nulend
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jianfeng Jin
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide a background on osteocytes and the primary cilium, discussing the role it plays in osteocyte mechanosensing. RECENT FINDINGS Osteocytes are thought to be the primary mechanosensing cells in bone tissue, regulating bone adaptation in response to exercise, with the primary cilium suggested to be a key mechanosensing mechanism in bone. More recent work has suggested that, rather than being direct mechanosensors themselves, primary cilia in bone may instead form a key chemo-signalling nexus for processing mechanoregulated signalling pathways. Recent evidence suggests that pharmacologically induced lengthening of the primary cilium in osteocytes may potentiate greater mechanotransduction, rather than greater mechanosensing. While more research is required to delineate the specific osteocyte mechanobiological molecular mechanisms governed by the primary cilium, it is clear from the literature that the primary cilium has significant potential as a therapeutic target to treat mechanoregulated bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan W Verbruggen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Anuphan Sittichokechaiwut
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Gwendolen C Reilly
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Kroto Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Zou S, Yang X, Li N, Wang H, Gui J, Li J. Association of probiotic ingestion with serum sex steroid hormones among pre- and postmenopausal women from the NHANES, 2013-2016. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294436. [PMID: 37972004 PMCID: PMC10653486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex hormone-related diseases, encompassing a wide range of conditions from reproductive disorders to certain cancers, pose significant health challenges worldwide. Recent scientific investigations have highlighted the intricate interplay between the gut microbiome and sex hormone regulation, indicating the potential for microbiota-targeted interventions in the management of such diseases. Although individual studies have elucidated the influence of the gut microbiome on sex hormones, a comprehensive cross-sectional examination of the population-wide prevalence of probiotic intake and its correlation with sex hormones is still lacking. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the association of probiotic ingestion with sex hormones in pre- and post-menopausal women. METHODS We conducted an observational cohort study comprising a nationally representative sample of adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2013 and 2016. Probiotic ingestion was considered when a subject reported yogurt or probiotic supplement consumption during the 24-h dietary recall or during the Dietary Supplement Use 30-Day questionnaire. A survey-weighted generalized linear model was used to analyze the association between probiotic intake and female/male sex hormones. To reduce selection bias, we used propensity score matching (PSM). RESULTS This study included 2,699 women, with 537 of them consuming yogurt and/or dietary supplements containing probiotics, while the remaining 2,162 women did not consume any probiotics. The findings indicated that there were associations between probiotic intake and sex hormone levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. For premenopausal women, probiotic intake was positively associated with estradiol (E2) levels. On the contrary, in postmenopausal women, probiotic intake was inversely associated with total testosterone (TT) levels. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that probiotic consumption was associated with higher E2 level in premenopausal women and lower TT level in postmenopausal women. Probiotic intake might be a sensible strategy for preventing sex hormone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, ChengDu Fifth People’s Hospital, ChengDu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, ChengDu Fifth People’s Hospital, ChengDu, Sichuan, China
| | - Nihong Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, ChengDu Fifth People’s Hospital, ChengDu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, ChengDu Fifth People’s Hospital, ChengDu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junhao Gui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, ChengDu Fifth People’s Hospital, ChengDu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, ChengDu Fifth People’s Hospital, ChengDu, Sichuan, China
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21
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Hou J, Xu P, Zhong Y, Zhou Z, Zhang W. Interleukin-21 knockout reduces bone loss in ovariectomized mice by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1265-1273. [PMID: 37708033 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency accelerates osteoporosis in elderly women. However, the role of IL-21 in postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unclear. Female wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and IL-21 knockout (KO) mice were used for ovariectomy (OVX). Here, IL-21 levels were significantly increased in the serum and bone tissues of WT-OVX mice. The trabecular bone space of the femur was significantly increased, and the bone mass was reduced in OVX mice, accompanied by a significant decrease in the maximum load, energy absorption, and elastic modulus indices. In contrast, IL-21 knockout effectively alleviated the effects of OVX on bone mass. Serum TRACP-5b and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) levels and osteoclastogenesis were significantly higher in OVX mice than in sham mice, while serum TRACP-5b and RANKL levels and osteoclastogenesis were significantly decreased in IL-21 KO + OVX mice compared to WT + OVX mice. IL-21 knockdown reduces TRACP-5b, RANKL, and osteoclastogenesis, effectively preventing bone resorption and alleviating the progression of OVX-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Spinal Trauma Area 2, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanheng Zhong
- Spinal Trauma Area 2, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Spinal Trauma Area 2, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, China
| | - Wencai Zhang
- Spinal Trauma Area 2, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Chen G, Chen Y, Hong J, Gao J, Xu Z. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside regulates estrogen receptor expression to ameliorate OVX-induced osteoporosis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:792. [PMID: 37875947 PMCID: PMC10594807 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is a phytoestrogen that has been reported to improve postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) caused by estrogen deficiency. In our work, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of SDG in regulating the expressions of ERs on PMOP model rats. METHODS Ovariectomization (OVX) was used to establish PMOP model in rats. The experiment was allocated to Sham, OVX, SDG and raloxifene (RLX) groups. After 12-week treatment, micro-CT was used to detect the transverse section of bone. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Safranine O-Fast Green staining were supplied to detect the femur pathological morphology of rats. Estradiol (E2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), bone formation and bone catabolism indexes in serum were detected using ELISA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining was used to detect the osteogenic ability of chondrocytes. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were applied to detect the protein expressions of estrogen receptors (ERs) in the femur of rats. RESULTS Compared with the OVX group, micro-CT results showed SDG could lessen the injury of bone and improve femoral parameters, including bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD). Pathological results showed SDG could reduce pathological injury of femur in OVX rats. Meanwhile, SDG decreased the level of IL-6 and regulated bone formation and bone catabolism indexes. Besides, SDG increased the level of E2 and conversed OVX-induced decreased the expression of ERα and ERβ. CONCLUSION The treatment elicited by SDG in OVX rats was due to the reduction of injury and inflammation and improvement of bone formation index, via regulating the expression of E2 and ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yansong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junyi Hong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhikun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang Province, China
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23
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Belluti S, Imbriano C, Casarini L. Nuclear Estrogen Receptors in Prostate Cancer: From Genes to Function. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4653. [PMID: 37760622 PMCID: PMC10526871 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are almost ubiquitous steroid hormones that are essential for development, metabolism, and reproduction. They exert both genomic and non-genomic action through two nuclear receptors (ERα and ERβ), which are transcription factors with disregulated functions and/or expression in pathological processes. In the 1990s, the discovery of an additional membrane estrogen G-protein-coupled receptor augmented the complexity of this picture. Increasing evidence elucidating the specific molecular mechanisms of action and opposing effects of ERα and Erβ was reported in the context of prostate cancer treatment, where these issues are increasingly investigated. Although new approaches improved the efficacy of clinical therapies thanks to the development of new molecules targeting specifically estrogen receptors and used in combination with immunotherapy, more efforts are needed to overcome the main drawbacks, and resistance events will be a challenge in the coming years. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art on ERα and ERβ mechanisms of action in prostate cancer and promising future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Belluti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Carol Imbriano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.B.); (C.I.)
| | - Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Ospedale di Baggiovara, 41126 Modena, Italy
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Lipreri MV, Di Pompo G, Boanini E, Graziani G, Sassoni E, Baldini N, Avnet S. Bone on-a-chip: a 3D dendritic network in a screening platform for osteocyte-targeted drugs. Biofabrication 2023; 15:045019. [PMID: 37552982 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acee23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Age-related musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis, are frequent and associated with long lasting morbidity, in turn significantly impacting on healthcare system sustainability. There is therefore a compelling need to develop reliable preclinical models of disease and drug screening to validate novel drugs possibly on a personalized basis, without the need ofin vivoassay. In the context of bone tissue, although the osteocyte (Oc) network is a well-recognized therapeutic target, currentin vitropreclinical models are unable to mimic its physiologically relevant and highly complex structure. To this purpose, several features are needed, including an osteomimetic extracellular matrix, dynamic perfusion, and mechanical cues (e.g. shear stress) combined with a three-dimensional (3D) culture of Oc. Here we describe, for the first time, a high throughput microfluidic platform based on 96-miniaturized chips for large-scale preclinical evaluation to predict drug efficacy. We bioengineered a commercial microfluidic device that allows real-time visualization and equipped with multi-chips by the development and injection of a highly stiff bone-like 3D matrix, made of a blend of collagen-enriched natural hydrogels loaded with hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. The microchannel, filled with the ostemimetic matrix and Oc, is subjected to passive perfusion and shear stress. We used scanning electron microscopy for preliminary material characterization. Confocal microscopy and fluorescent microbeads were used after material injection into the microchannels to detect volume changes and the distribution of cell-sized objects within the hydrogel. The formation of a 3D dendritic network of Oc was monitored by measuring cell viability, evaluating phenotyping markers (connexin43, integrin alpha V/CD51, sclerostin), quantification of dendrites, and responsiveness to an anabolic drug. The platform is expected to accelerate the development of new drug aimed at modulating the survival and function of osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gemma Di Pompo
- Biomedical Science, Technologies, and Nanobiotecnologiy Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Boanini
- Department of Chemistry 'Giacomo Ciamician', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- Biomedical Science, Technologies, and Nanobiotecnologiy Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Sassoni
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Biomedical Science, Technologies, and Nanobiotecnologiy Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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25
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Zhang J, Zhu L, Zhou J, Yu Q, Yang G, Zhao K, Luo C, Meng J, Liu J, Yang X. Ubiquitination of ASCL1 mediates CD47 transcriptional activation of the AKT signaling pathway, and glycolysis promotes osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:636-648. [PMID: 37783914 PMCID: PMC10567835 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Bones are extremely dynamic organs that continually develop and remodel. This process involves changes in numerous gene expressions. hBMSC cells can promote osteogenic differentiation. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which ASCL1 promotes osteogenic differentiation in hBMSC cells while decreasing glycolysis. hBMSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts. The ASCL1 expression level during hBMSC osteogenic differentiation was measured by RT‒qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The differentiation level of osteoblasts was observed after staining with ALP and alizarin red. ChIP-qPCR were used to determine the relationship between ASCL1 and CD47, and the expression of glycolysis-related proteins was detected. Overexpression of ASCL1 was used to determine its impact on osteogenic differentiation. si-USP8 was used to verify the ubiquitination of ASCL1-mediated CD47/AKT pathway's impact on hBMSC glycolysis and osteogenic differentiation. The results showed that the expression of ASCL1 was upregulated after the induction of osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs. From a functional perspective, knocking down USP8 can promote the ubiquitination of ASCL1, while the osteogenic differentiation ability of hBMSCs was improved after the overexpression of ASCL1, indicating that ASCL1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. In addition, USP8 regulates the ubiquitination level of ASCL1 and mediates CD47 transcriptional regulation of the AKT pathway to increase the glycolysis level of hBMSCs and cell osteogenic differentiation. USP8 ubiquitination regulates the level of ASCL1. In addition, ubiquitination of ASCL1 mediates CD47 transcription to activate the AKT signaling pathway and increase hBMSC glycolysis to promote osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chenggong Hospital, Yan an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650505, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chenggong Hospital, Yan an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650505, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Chenggong Hospital, Yan an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650505, China
| | - Qunying Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | | | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Yunnan Pain Disease Hospital, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Chaoli Luo
- Operating Room, Yunnan Pain Disease Hospital, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Jianguo Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangnan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan Province, Guangnan, 663300, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chenggong Hospital, Yan an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650505, China
| | - Xuming Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yan an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650055, China.
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26
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Feixiang L, Yanchen F, Xiang L, Yunke Z, Jinxin M, Jianru W, Zixuan L. The mechanism of oxytocin and its receptors in regulating cells in bone metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1171732. [PMID: 37229246 PMCID: PMC10203168 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1171732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide known to affect social behavior and cognition. The epigenetic modification of the oxytocin receptor (OTR) via DNA methylation stimulates parturition and breast milk secretion and inhibits craniopharyngioma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer growth significantly as well as directly regulates bone metabolism in their peripheral form rather than the central form. OT and OTR can be expressed on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts (OB), osteoclasts (OC), osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. OB can synthesize OT under the stimulation of estrogen as a paracrine-autocrine regulator for bone formation. OT/OTR, estrogen, and OB form a feed-forward loop through estrogen mediation. The osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OPG)/receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) signaling pathway is crucially required for OT and OTR to exert anti-osteoporosis effect. Downregulating the expression of bone resorption markers and upregulating the expression of the bone morphogenetic protein, OT could increase BMSC activity and promote OB differentiation instead of adipocytes. It could also stimulate the mineralization of OB by motivating OTR translocation into the OB nucleus. Moreover, by inducing intracytoplasmic Ca2+ release and nitric oxide synthesis, OT could regulate the OPG/RANKL ratio in OB and exert a bidirectional regulatory effect on OC. Furthermore, OT could increase the activity of osteocytes and chondrocytes, which helps increase bone mass and improve bone microstructure. This paper reviews recent studies on the role of OT and OTR in regulating cells in bone metabolism as a reference for their clinical use and research based on their reliable anti-osteoporosis effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Feixiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Yanchen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhong Jing) School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Yunke
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miao Jinxin
- Research and Experiment Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wang Jianru
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zixuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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27
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Pang J, Wu Y, Ji Y, Si Y, Liang F. Circ_0006873 suppresses the osteogenic differentiation of human-derived mesenchymal stem cells through mediating miR-20a/SMURF2 axis in vitro. APMIS 2023. [PMID: 37185991 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The clinical application of human-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in osteoporosis (OP) treatment is promising. We aimed to uncover the role of circular RNA 0006873 (circ_0006873) in OP progression using hMSCs. The levels of circ_0006873, pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA-20a (miR-20a), SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (SMURF2) mRNA and the mRNA levels of osteogenesis-related markers were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression of osteogenesis-related markers and SMURF2 was detected by Western blot assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity were determined using an ALP staining Kit and an ALP Colorimetric Assay Kit. Circ_0006873 was highly expressed in the serum samples and bone tissue samples of OP patients compared with control cases. Circ_0006873 overexpression down-regulated the expression of osteogenesis-related markers and reduced ALP staining and activity. Circ_0006873 down-regulated miR-20a level through its interaction with miR-20a in hMSCs. Circ_0006873 suppressed osteogenic differentiation through targeting miR-20a. SMURF2 was a molecular target of miR-20a, and miR-20a promoted osteogenic differentiation through targeting SMURF2. Circ_0006873 suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs by upregulating SMURF2 level via sponging miR-20a in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangna Pang
- Department of Geriatric (4), Shijiazhuang City People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Yongfu Wu
- Traumatic Orthopedics (3), the third Hospital of Shijiangzhuang City, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Yanlin Ji
- Traumatic Orthopedics (3), the third Hospital of Shijiangzhuang City, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Yilan Si
- Department of Emergency (3), the third Hospital of Shijiangzhuang City, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Geriatric (3), Shijiazhuang City People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, China
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28
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Tian S, Gao J, Gong H, Zhang X, Wang S. Effects of whole-body vibration at different periods on lumbar vertebrae in female rats. Med Eng Phys 2022; 110:103918. [PMID: 36564133 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) before and after ovariectomy on lumbar vertebrae, and to observe whether the positive effects of WBV before and after ovariectomy on lumbar vertebrae in rats could be maintained after vibration stopped. Three-month-old female rats were divided into four groups (n = 45/group): control (CON), ovariectomy (OVA), WBV before ovariectomy (WBV-BO), and WBV after ovariectomy (WBV-AO) groups. For 1-8 weeks, WBV-BO group was subjected to vertical WBV. At the 9th week, the rats in WBV-BO, WBV-AO, and OVA groups were ovariectomized. During 11-18 weeks, WBV-AO group was subjected to vibration. For 19-26 weeks, no intervention was done for rats. The lumbar vertebrae were examined by Micro-CT, compressive test, creep test, and microindentation test. At the 8th week, the displacement of the L1-L2 annulus fibrosus in WBV-BO group was 18% smaller compared with CON group (p<0.05). At the 18th week, the elastic modulus of the L5 vertebral body in WBV-BO and WBV-AO groups was 53% and 57% higher than that in CON group, respectively (p<0.05); the displacement of the L1-L2 annulus fibrosus in WBV-BO group was 25% smaller than those in the other groups (p<0.05). At the 26th week, there was no significant difference in the displacement of the L1-L2 annulus fibrosus between WBV-BO group and other groups (p>0.05); the elastic modulus of the L5 vertebral body had no significant difference between WBV-AO group and CON group (p>0.05). Our results demonstrated that WBV before ovariectomy effectively prevented disc degeneration with significant effects up to 8 weeks after ovariectomy. The vertebral mechanical properties could be significantly improved by WBV after ovariectomy, but the residual effect did not maintain after WBV stopped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujing Tian
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China
| | - Jiazi Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China
| | - He Gong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130025, China
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29
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Gao Y, Min Q, Li X, Liu L, Lv Y, Xu W, Liu X, Wang H. Immune System Acts on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9668610. [PMID: 36330460 PMCID: PMC9626206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9668610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a tissue remodeling process based on orthodontic force loading. Compressed periodontal tissues have a complicated aseptic inflammatory cascade, which are considered the initial factor of alveolar bone remodeling. Since skeletal and immune systems shared a wide variety of molecules, osteoimmunology has been generally accepted as an interdisciplinary field to investigate their interactions. Unsurprisingly, OTM is considered a good mirror of osteoimmunology since it involves immune reaction and bone remolding. In fact, besides bone remodeling, OTM involves cementum resorption, soft tissue remodeling, orthodontic pain, and relapse, all correlated with immune cells and/or immunologically active substance. The aim of this paper is to review the interaction of immune system with orthodontic tooth movement, which helps gain insights into mechanisms of OTM and search novel method to short treatment period and control complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Gao
- Department of Endodontics, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingqing Min
- Department of Endodontics, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingjia Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Linxiang Liu
- Department of Implantology, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yangyang Lv
- Department of Endodontics, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Hua Wang
- Wuhu Stomatology Hospital, Wuhu, China
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30
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Zhou M, Graves DT. Impact of the host response and osteoblast lineage cells on periodontal disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998244. [PMID: 36304447 PMCID: PMC9592920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis involves the loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone. Single cell RNA-seq experiments have provided new insight into how resident cells and infiltrating immune cells function in response to bacterial challenge in periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is induced by a combined innate and adaptive immune response to bacterial dysbiosis that is initiated by resident cells including epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which recruit immune cells. Chemokines and cytokines stimulate recruitment of osteoclast precursors and osteoclastogenesis in response to TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, RANKL and other factors. Inflammation also suppresses coupled bone formation to limit repair of osteolytic lesions. Bone lining cells, osteocytes and periodontal ligament cells play a key role in both processes. The periodontal ligament contains cells that exhibit similarities to tendon cells, osteoblast-lineage cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Bone lining cells consisting of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoprogenitors and osteoblasts are influenced by osteocytes and stimulate formation of osteoclast precursors through MCSF and RANKL, which directly induce osteoclastogenesis. Following bone resorption, factors are released from resorbed bone matrix and by osteoclasts and osteal macrophages that recruit osteoblast precursors to the resorbed bone surface. Osteoblast differentiation and coupled bone formation are regulated by multiple signaling pathways including Wnt, Notch, FGF, IGF-1, BMP, and Hedgehog pathways. Diabetes, cigarette smoking and aging enhance the pathologic processes to increase bone resorption and inhibit coupled bone formation to accelerate bone loss. Other bone pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-menopausal osteoporosis and bone unloading/disuse also affect osteoblast lineage cells and participate in formation of osteolytic lesions by promoting bone resorption and inhibiting coupled bone formation. Thus, periodontitis involves the activation of an inflammatory response that involves a large number of cells to stimulate bone resorption and limit osseous repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dana T. Graves,
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31
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Cimino NA, Midura RJ, Belovich JM. An Improved Method for Assessing Macroscale Diffusion through Osteonal Bone. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:635-645. [PMID: 36094112 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of diffusion through biological tissues has played an important role in fundamental medical research and product development. Understanding the diffusion phenomena allows for the identification of new concepts in fundamental science, evolving medical knowledge and improving future standards and protocols. To illustrate, the structure of cortical bone changes upon the onset of osteoporosis, altering the limited porous compartment through which nutrients and essential signaling molecules travel to bone cells. Estrogen hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is one of the gold standard treatments to attempt to mitigate the effects that this structural change exerts in menopausal osteoporosis patients; however, HRT effectiveness is often variable in these patients, likely due to variability in bone structure and physiology, and thus transport rates. Scientists have studied diffusion in cortical bone tissue for decades. Current methodological standards include fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and computed tomography finite element analysis. Both techniques limit areas of tissue to microscale (1-100 µm2) analysis - only examining a few osteocytes within the structure at a time - and adopt assumptions that oversimplify in vivo tissue structure and transport phenomena. As well, the range of diffusion tracers is limited by the sensitivities of the analytical equipment, typically requiring tracer concentrations in the micromolar range. Herein is described a novel device for directly assessing the diffusion coefficient of 3H-estradiol at 37°C in macroscale osteonal bone specimens (1.4 cm2) - assessing a much larger portion of the total tissue than previously reported - while using radioisotope tracers for much higher sensitivity, thus achieving physiologically relevant estradiol concentrations. The current diffusion chamber device represents a cost-effective and validated method to mitigate these shortcomings. The device provides long-term diffusion data through macroscale (greater than 1 mm2) tissue areas, presenting a more physiologically accurate way to assess cortical bone diffusion. The device can assess solute diffusion through other tissues or materials and may easily be scaled up to run multiple diffusion experiments simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Anthony Cimino
- Cleveland State University, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, Ohio, United States;
| | - Ronald J Midura
- Lerner Research Institute, Biomedical Engineering ND20, Cleveland, Ohio, United States;
| | - Joanne M Belovich
- Cleveland State University, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, Ohio, United States;
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Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Targeting chronic inflammation as a potential adjuvant therapy for osteoporosis. Life Sci 2022; 306:120847. [PMID: 35908619 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI) underlies the pathogenesis of various widespread diseases. It is often associated with bone loss, thus connecting chronic inflammation to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In postmenopausal women, osteoporosis is accompanied by SCLGI development, likely owing to estrogen deficiency. We propose that SCGLI persistence in osteoporosis results from failed inflammation resolution, which is mainly mediated by specialized, pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). In corroboration, SPMs demonstrate encouraging therapeutic effects in various preclinical models of inflammatory disorders, including bone pathology. Since numerous data implicate gut dysbiosis in osteoporosis-associated chronic inflammation, restoring balanced microbiota by supplementing probiotics and prebiotics could contribute to the efficient resolution of SCGLI. In the present review, we provide evidence for this hypothesis and argue that efficient SCGLI resolution may serve as a novel approach for treating osteoporosis, complementary to traditional anti-osteoporotic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel.
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel
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Zhang T, Shen Y, Zhu R, Shan W, Li Y, Yan M, Zhang Y. Benzo[a]pyrene exposure promotes RIP1-mediated necroptotic death of osteocytes and the JNK/IL-18 pathway activation via generation of reactive oxygen species. Toxicology 2022; 476:153244. [PMID: 35777681 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of environmental pollutants, readily produced during the processing of petroleum and fatty foods. BaP exposure can cause skeletal deformities. However, whether BaP affects osteocytes, making up over 95% of all the bone cells, remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of BaP on osteocytes in vivo and in vitro, as well as explore the underlying mechanisms. The in vivo data showed that BaP (50mg/kg) exposure for 12 weeks could cause bone destruction, and increase osteocytes death in mouse cortical femur. Our in vitro results revealed that BaP (25-100 μmol/L) exposure inhibited cell viability of MLO-Y4 cells, and resulted in cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, BaP exposure significantly triggered necroptosis of MLO-Y4 cells, as indicated by increased propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells and up-regulation of necroptosis-related protein expressions of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1), RIP3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). This necrotic effect was reversed by the RIP1 inhibitor necrostatin-1 (Nec-1). Simultaneously, BaP activated the downstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/ interleukin (IL)-18 signaling pathway, which was suppressed after the JNK inhibitor SP600125 or Nec-1 treatment. In addition, BaP exposure promoted the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), and elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; while BaP decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and antioxidant enzymes including nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels, leading to oxidative damage. The ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibited this necroptotic death and the JNK/IL-18 pathway activation. Collectively, BaP exposure may cause RIP1-mediated necroptotic death of osteocytes and activate the JNK/IL-18 pathway via ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yuchen Shen
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ruirong Zhu
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Weiyan Shan
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yurong Li
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, 1158 2nd Avenue, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing 312000, China.
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Micro-computed tomography assessment of bone structure in aging mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8117. [PMID: 35581227 PMCID: PMC9114112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution computed tomography (CT) is widely used to assess bone structure under physiological and pathological conditions. Although the analytic protocols and parameters for micro-CT (μCT) analyses in mice are standardized for long bones, vertebrae, and the palms in aging mice, they have not yet been established for craniofacial bones. In this study, we conducted a morphometric assessment of craniofacial bones, in comparison with long bones, in aging mice. Although age-related changes were observed in the microarchitecture of the femur, tibia, vertebra, and basisphenoid bone, and were more pronounced in females than in males, the microarchitecture of both the interparietal bone and body of the mandible, which develop by intramembranous ossification, was less affected by age and sex. By contrast, the condyle of the mandible was more affected by aging in males compared to females. Taken together, our results indicate that mouse craniofacial bones are uniquely affected by age and sex.
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Yang M, Luo S, Yang J, Chen W, He L, Liu D, Zhao L, Wang X. Bone-kidney axis: A potential therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:996776. [PMID: 36353239 PMCID: PMC9637707 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.996776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, its pathogenesis remains unclear, and effective prevention and treatment strategies are lacking. Recently, organ-to-organ communication has become a new focus of studies on pathogenesis. Various organs or tissues (the liver, muscle and adipose tissue) secrete a series of proteins or peptides to regulate the homeostasis of distal organs in an endocrine manner. Bone, an important part of the body, can also secrete bone-derived proteins or peptides that act on distal organs. As an organ with high metabolism, the kidney is responsible for signal and material exchange with other organs at any time through circulation. In this review, we briefly discussed bone composition and changes in bone structure and function in DN and summarized the current status of bone-derived proteins and their role in the progression of DN. We speculated that the "bone-kidney axis" is a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinfei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyu He
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Wang,
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