1
|
Nemes SA, Fărcas AC, Ranga F, Teleky BE, Călinoiu LF, Dulf FV, Vodnar DC. Enhancing phenolic and lipid compound production in oat bran via acid pretreatment and solid-state fermentation with Aspergillus niger. N Biotechnol 2024; 83:91-100. [PMID: 39053684 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) processing generates a large amount of by-products, especially oat bran. These by-products are excellent sources of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and essential fatty acids. Therefore, enhancing the extraction of these bioactive substances and incorporating them into the human diet is critical. This study investigates the effect of acid pretreatment on the solid-state fermentation of oat bran with Aspergillus niger, with an emphasis on the bioaccessibility of phenolic acids and lipid profile. The results showed a considerable increase in reducing sugars following acid pretreatment. On the sixth day, there was a notable increase in the total phenolic content, reaching 58.114 ± 0.09 mg GAE/g DW, and the vanillic acid level significantly rose to 77.419 ± 0.27 μg/g DW. The lipid profile study revealed changes ranging from 4.66 % in the control to 7.33 % on the sixth day of SSF. Aside from biochemical alterations, antioxidant activity measurement using the DPPH technique demonstrated the maximum scavenging activity on day 4 (83.33 %). This study highlights acid pretreatment's role in enhancing bioactive compound accessibility in solid-state fermentation and its importance for functional food development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Amalia Nemes
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Anca Corina Fărcas
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Floricuta Ranga
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Bernadette-Emoke Teleky
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Lavinia Florina Călinoiu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aktaş H, Napiórkowska A, Szpicer A, Custodio-Mendoza JA, Paraskevopoulou A, Pavlidou E, Kurek MA. Microencapsulation of green tea polyphenols: Utilizing oat oil and starch-based double emulsions for improved delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133295. [PMID: 38914398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The stability and bioavailability of green tea polyphenols, crucial for their health benefits, are compromised by environmental sensitivity, limiting their use in functional foods and supplements. This study introduces a novel water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion technique with microwave-assisted extraction, significantly enhancing the stability and bioavailability of these compounds. The primary objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of several encapsulating agents, such as gum Arabic as control and native and modified starches, in improving encapsulated substances' stability and release control. Native and modified starches were chosen for their outstanding film-forming properties, improving encapsulation efficiency and protecting bioactive compounds from oxidative degradation. The combination of maltodextrin and tapioca starch improved phenolic content retention, giving 46.25 ± 2.63 mg/g in tapioca starch microcapsules (GTTA) and 41.73 ± 3.24 mg/g in gum arabic microcapsules (GTGA). Besides the control, modified starches also had the most potent antioxidant activity, with a 45 % inhibition (inh%) in the DPPH analysis. Oat oil was utilized for its superior viscosity and nutritional profile, boosting emulsion stability and providing the integrity of the encapsulated polyphenols, as indicated by the microcapsules' narrow span index (1.30 ± 0.002). The microcapsules' thermal behavior and structural integrity were confirmed using advanced methods such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). This study highlights the critical role of choosing appropriate wall materials and extraction techniques. It sets a new standard for microencapsulation applications in the food industry, paving the way for future innovations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Havva Aktaş
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Napiórkowska
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szpicer
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jorge A Custodio-Mendoza
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adamantini Paraskevopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Solid State Physics Section, Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marcin A Kurek
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lipid content and fatty acid profile of various European and Canadian hulled and naked oat genotypes. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
4
|
Characterisation of Grains and Flour Fractions from Field Grown Transgenic Oil-Accumulating Wheat Expressing Oat WRI1. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070889. [PMID: 35406869 PMCID: PMC9002947 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staple crops in the world and is used to prepare a range of foods. The development of new varieties with wider variation in grain composition could broaden their use. We characterized grains and flours from oil-accumulating transgenic wheat expressing the oat (Avena sativa L.) endosperm WRINKLED1 (AsWRI1) grown under field conditions. Lipid and starch accumulation was determined in developing caryopses of AsWRI1-wheat and X-ray microtomography was used to study grain morphology. The developing caryopses of AsWRI1-wheat grains had increased triacylglycerol content and decreased starch content compared to the control. Mature AsWRI1-wheat grains also had reduced weight, were wrinkled and had a shrunken endosperm and X-ray tomography revealed that the proportion of endosperm was decreased while that of the aleurone was increased. Grains were milled to produce two white flours and one bran fraction. Mineral and lipid analyses showed that the flour fractions from the AsWRI1-wheat were contaminated with bran, due to the effects of the changed morphology on milling. This study gives a detailed analysis of grains from field grown transgenic wheat that expresses a gene that plays a central regulatory role in carbon allocation and significantly affects grain composition.
Collapse
|
5
|
Perera SP, Konieczny D, Ding K, Hucl P, L'Hocine L, Nickerson MT. Techno‐functional and nutritional properties of full‐bran and low‐bran canaryseed flour, and the effect of solvent‐de‐oiling on the proteins of low‐bran flour and isolates. Cereal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suneru P. Perera
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
- Keyleaf Life‐Sciences Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Dellaney Konieczny
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Pierre Hucl
- Crop Development Centre University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Lamia L'Hocine
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Saint‐Hyacinthe Quebec Canada
| | - Michael T. Nickerson
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim IS, Hwang CW, Yang WS, Kim CH. Multiple Antioxidative and Bioactive Molecules of Oats ( Avena sativa L.) in Human Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091454. [PMID: 34573086 PMCID: PMC8471765 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oats (Avena sativa L.) are rich in protein, fiber, calcium, vitamins (B, C, E, and K), amino acids, and antioxidants (beta-carotene, polyphenols, chlorophyll, and flavonoids). β-glucan and avenanthramides improve the immune system, eliminate harmful substances from the body, reduce blood cholesterol, and help with dietary weight loss by enhancing the lipid profile and breaking down fat in the body. β-glucan regulates insulin secretion, preventing diabetes. Progladins also lower cholesterol levels, suppress the accumulation of triglycerides, reduce blood sugar levels, suppress inflammation, and improve skin health. Saponin-based avanacosidase and functional substances of flavone glycoside improve the immune function, control inflammation, and prevent infiltration in the skin. Moreover, lignin and phytoestrogen prevent hormone-related cancer and improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Sprouted oats are rich in saponarin in detoxifying the liver. The literatures have been reviewed and the recent concepts and prospects have been summarized with figures and tables. This review discusses recent trends in research on the functionality of oats rather than their nutritional value with individual immunity for self-medication. The oat and its acting components have been revisited for the future prospect and development of human healthy and functional sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-Resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Cher-Won Hwang
- Global Leadership School, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongsangbuk-Do, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-W.H.); (W.-S.Y.); (C.-H.K.)
| | - Woong-Suk Yang
- Nodaji Co., Ltd., Pohang 37927, Gyeongsangbuk-Do, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-W.H.); (W.-S.Y.); (C.-H.K.)
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyunggi-Do, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.-W.H.); (W.-S.Y.); (C.-H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|