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Liu W, Zhu J, Wu Z, Yin Y, Wu Q, Wu Y, Zheng J, Wang C, Chen H, Qazi TJ, Wu J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Yang J, Lu D, Zhang X, Ai Z. Insight of novel biomarkers for papillary thyroid carcinoma through multiomics. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1269751. [PMID: 37795451 PMCID: PMC10546062 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1269751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The overdiagnosing of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in China necessitates the development of an evidence-based diagnosis and prognosis strategy in line with precision medicine. A landscape of PTC in Chinese cohorts is needed to provide comprehensiveness. Methods 6 paired PTC samples were employed for whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and data-dependent acquisition mass spectrum analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and protein-protein interactions networks were used to screen for hub genes. Moreover, we verified the hub genes' diagnostic and prognostic potential using online databases. Logistic regression was employed to construct a diagnostic model, and we evaluated its efficacy and specificity based on TCGA-THCA and GEO datasets. Results The basic multiomics landscape of PTC among local patients were drawn. The similarities and differences were compared between the Chinese cohort and TCGA-THCA cohorts, including the identification of PNPLA5 as a driver gene in addition to BRAF mutation. Besides, we found 572 differentially expressed genes and 79 differentially expressed proteins. Through integrative analysis, we identified 17 hub genes for prognosis and diagnosis of PTC. Four of these genes, ABR, AHNAK2, GPX1, and TPO, were used to construct a diagnostic model with high accuracy, explicitly targeting PTC (AUC=0.969/0.959 in training/test sets). Discussion Multiomics analysis of the Chinese cohort demonstrated significant distinctions compared to TCGA-THCA cohorts, highlighting the unique genetic characteristics of Chinese individuals with PTC. The novel biomarkers, holding potential for diagnosis and prognosis of PTC, were identified. Furthermore, these biomarkers provide a valuable tool for precise medicine, especially for immunotherapeutic or nanomedicine based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junkan Zhu
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxiang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Womens Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Shanghai WeHealth BioMedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zheng
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Talal Jamil Qazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology, Khuzdar, Pakistan
| | - Jun Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Cell Bank, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Cell Bank, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Houbao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai WeHealth BioMedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilong Ai
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Davison BA, Edwards C, Cotter G, Kimmoun A, Gayat É, Latosinska A, Mischak H, Takagi K, Deniau B, Picod A, Mebazaa A. Plasma and Urinary Biomarkers Improve Prediction of Mortality through 1 Year in Intensive Care Patients: An Analysis from FROG-ICU. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093311. [PMID: 37176751 PMCID: PMC10179283 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the value of blood and urine biomarkers in addition to routine clinical variables in risk stratification of patients admitted to ICU. METHODS Multivariable prognostic models were developed in this post hoc analysis of the French and EuRopean Outcome ReGistry in Intensive Care Units study, a prospective observational study of patients admitted to ICUs. The study included 2087 patients consecutively admitted to the ICU who required invasive mechanical ventilation or a vasoactive agent for more than 24 h. The main outcome measures were in-ICU, in-hospital, and 1 year mortality. RESULTS Models including only SAPS II or APACHE II scores had c-indexes for in-hospital and 1 year mortality of 0.64 and 0.65, and 0.63 and 0.61, respectively. The c-indexes for a model including age and estimated glomerular filtration rate were higher at 0.69 and 0.67, respectively. Models utilizing available clinical variables increased the c-index for in-hospital and 1 year mortality to 0.80 and 0.76, respectively. The addition of biomarkers and urine proteomic markers increased c-indexes to 0.83 and 0.78. CONCLUSIONS The commonly used scores for risk stratification in ICU patients did not perform well in this study. Models including clinical variables and biomarkers had significantly higher predictive values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Davison
- Inserm UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Conditions (MASCOT), University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Momentum Research, Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | | | - Gad Cotter
- Inserm UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Conditions (MASCOT), University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Momentum Research, Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Antoine Kimmoun
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation Brabois, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54511 Nancy, France
- Inserm U1116, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, 54500 Nancy, France
| | - Étienne Gayat
- Inserm UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Conditions (MASCOT), University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Department of Anesthesia, Burn and Critical Care, University Hospitals Saint-Louis-Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Koji Takagi
- Momentum Research, Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Benjamin Deniau
- Inserm UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Conditions (MASCOT), University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Department of Anesthesia, Burn and Critical Care, University Hospitals Saint-Louis-Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Adrien Picod
- Inserm UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Conditions (MASCOT), University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Department of Anesthesia, Burn and Critical Care, University Hospitals Saint-Louis-Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Inserm UMR-S 942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stress Conditions (MASCOT), University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- Department of Anesthesia, Burn and Critical Care, University Hospitals Saint-Louis-Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
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Viana ADOR, Gonçalves Filho J, Francisco ALN, Pinto CAL, Kowalski LP. Ki-67 and CK-19 are predictors of locoregional recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 40:190-197. [PMID: 32773780 PMCID: PMC7416367 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma have good prognosis; however, recurrence rates and the need of salvage treatment remain a significant problem for 5-40% of patients. Although several risk classifications based on clinicopathological prognostic factors are used, it is not possible to predict which patients will have a higher risk of recurrence. The objective of the study is to analyse the impact of cytokeratin-19 and Ki-67 immunoexpression as predictive markers of the risk of recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma. This is a retrospective case-control study, including 42 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and 42 controls. The groups were matched by gender, age and pathological staging T and N. Slides were made by the microarray tissue system. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify an independent risk factor for recurrence. Of the 42 selected cases, 30 patients (71.4%) were female and 12 (28.6%) were male, ranging in age from 10 to 80 years (median of 39 years). Most patients (64.3%) had tumors at initial T staging (T1-T2). Half of the sample was classified as low risk according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification. Follow-up time ranged from 46 to 196 months, with time to recurrence from 2 to 106 months (median, 30 months). CK-19 and Ki-67 immunoexpression had a statistically significant association with the risk of recurrence (p = 0.029 and p = 0.007, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, immunoexpression for these markers was an independent risk factor for locoregional recurrence (OR-9,64; CI-1.14-81.01 and OR-3,21; CI-1.32-7.94, respectively). The immunohistochemical analysis of the Ki-67 and CK-19 markers is useful to predict tumour recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline de Oliveira Ribeiro Viana
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, Heliopolis Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Gonçalves Filho
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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Boutas I, Potiris A, Makrakis E, Messaropoulos P, Papaioannou GK, Kalantaridou SΝ. The expression of Galectin-3 in breast cancer and its association with metastatic disease: a systematic review of the literature. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:807-815. [PMID: 33398681 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer and the second highest cause of cancer mortality in female patients. The significance of the expression of Galectin-3 has been correlated with various malignancy types and in data from several research papers, the expression of Galectin-3 has been associated with the progression and metastasis of breast cancer. In the present study, the authors' goal is to identify whether the expression of Galectin-3 in breast cancer can be associated with the presence and/or recurrence of a metastatic disease. Both Scopus and PubMed databases were utilized, by inputting the following combination of keywords: (((Breast) AND Metastasis)) AND ((Galectin 3) OR Galectin-3). The time of publication and text availability were not considered when searching the databases and all relevant articles in English were initially accepted. We included one case-control study, three retrospective case studies and one retrospective cohort study. In two of the included studies, the levels in concentration of Galectin-3 were not correlated with a significant difference in prognosis. In two studies, the lacking in expression of Galectin-3 was associated with a worse prognosis and in one of the studies selected, the elevated levels of Galectin-3 were correlated with recurrence of disease in triple negative breast cancer cases. For most of the studies selected for this review, the results were contradictory in regard to the role of Galectin-3 for prognosis and metastatic potential in female breast cancer patients. It is still unclear, whether Galectin-3 can be used as a prognostic marker for advanced breast cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Boutas
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Potiris
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Evangelos Makrakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pantelis Messaropoulos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios-Konstantinos Papaioannou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Ν Kalantaridou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Boutas I, Potiris A, Brenner W, Lebrecht A, Hasenburg A, Kalantaridou S, Schmidt M. The expression of galectin-3 in breast cancer and its association with chemoresistance: a systematic review of the literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:1113-1120. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Aydoğan BI, Ersöz CC, Sak SD, Güllü S. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LYMPH NODE METASTASIS AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2018; 14:55-65. [PMID: 31149237 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Context There is no consensus regarding routine usage and benefits of molecular markers for prediction of prognosis and assessment of risk groups in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Objective We aimed to investigate NIS, Galectin-3, PTEN, P53 and Ki67 expressions in tumor tissue and metastatic lymph nodes in PTC and their association with lymph node metastasis and prognosis. Material and Methods Ninety two papillary thyroid cancer patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection were included in this study. NIS, Galectin-3, PTEN, P53 and Ki67 immunohistochemical stainings were performed for all surgical tumor tissues and metastatic lymph nodes of the 38 patients. Age, gender, tumor size, multifocality, capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension and lymphocytic thyroiditis were assessed retrospectively. Results Seventy three females (79.3%) and nineteen males (20.7%) were included in this study. Risk of lymph node metastasis was higher in tumors with capsular invasion and extrathyroidal extension (p=0.03 and p < 0.001). NIS, PTEN and Galectin-3 protein expressions in tumor tissue were not associated with gender, tumor size, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, capsular invasion, lymph node metastasis and tumor recurrence. Mean Ki 67 proliferation index was 2.08±0.95%. Ki 67 proliferation index was associated with tumor size (p=0.012). Intensity and expression of NIS and PTEN in tumor tissue were concordant with intensity and expression in metastatic lymph nodes (p<0.001). Ki 67 proliferation index in tumor was concordant with metastatic lymph nodes (p=0.02). Conclusions NIS, PTEN, Galectin-3, Ki67 and P53 expressions were not associated with the risk of lymph node metastasis in PTC patients. Routine analysis of these markers does not seem to be favorable. Further studies with new markers are necessary to determine prognostic predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B I Aydoğan
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbni Sina Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C C Ersöz
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbni Sina Hospital, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S D Sak
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbni Sina Hospital, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Güllü
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbni Sina Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
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El Leithy AA, Helwa R, Assem MM, Hassan NHA. Expression profiling of cancer-related galectins in acute myeloid leukemia. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7929-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Selemetjev SA, Savin SB, Paunovic IR, Tatic SB, Cvejic D. Changes in the expression pattern of apoptotic molecules (galectin-3, Bcl-2, Bax, survivin) during progression of thyroid malignancy and their clinical significance. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2014; 127:337-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00508-014-0674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Salajegheh A, Dolan-Evans E, Sullivan E, Irani S, Rahman MA, Vosgha H, Gopalan V, Smith RA, Lam AKY. The expression profiles of the galectin gene family in primary and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma with particular emphasis on galectin-1 and galectin-3 expression. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 96:212-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Song L, Mao J, Zhang J, Ibrahim MM, Li LH, Tang JW. Annexin A7 and its binding protein galectin-3 influence mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 68:377-84. [PMID: 24373698 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is recognized as an important mode of liver cancer metastasis. Our previous study has built two hepatocarcinoma cell lines, Hca-F with high (75%) and Hca-P with low (25%) incidences of lymph node metastasis, and has indicated that annexin A7 is an important factor in the lymphatic metastasis of tumors. There is evidence that galectin-3 is the binding protein of annexin A7 and works in protein complexes. Our current study shows that both annexin A7 and galectin-3 express higher in Hca-F than Hca-P. Annexin A7 was successfully down-regulated in Hca-P by RNA interference, and this resulted in concomitant reduction of galactin 3 expression in annexin A7 down regulated compared to the control and N-control cells. Using CCK-8 assay, the expression level of annexin A7 and galectin-3 were found to have correlation with the proliferation ability; Transwell assay showed annexin A7 and galectin-3 are involved in cell migration and invasion regulation in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, immunofluorescence assay indicate annexin A7 and galectin-3 were co-located annexin A7 and galectin-3 played roles in DNA damage and cell proliferation cycle checkpoint arrest pathway. Those phenomena indicated that annexin A7 influences lymphatic metastasis of tumors by interacting with galectin-3 through the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, attachment, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Song
- The Key laboratory of tumor metastasis in Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jun Mao
- The Key laboratory of tumor metastasis in Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- The Key laboratory of tumor metastasis in Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mohammed Mohammed Ibrahim
- The Key laboratory of tumor metastasis in Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lian-Hong Li
- The Key laboratory of tumor metastasis in Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Jian-Wu Tang
- The Key laboratory of tumor metastasis in Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, 9 West, Lvshun Southern Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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Makki FM, Taylor SM, Shahnavaz A, Leslie A, Gallant J, Douglas S, Teh E, Trites J, Bullock M, Inglis K, Pinto DM, Hart RD. Serum biomarkers of papillary thyroid cancer. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 42:16. [PMID: 23663694 PMCID: PMC3651213 DOI: 10.1186/1916-0216-42-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify serum biomarkers of papillary thyroid cancer. Methods Prospective analysis was performed of banked tumor and serum specimens from 99 patients with thyroid masses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure levels of five serum proteins previously demonstrated to be up-regulated in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC): angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), cytokeratin 19 (CK-19), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), chitinase 3 like-1 (YKL-40), and galectin-3 (GAL-3). Serum levels were compared between patients with PTC and those with benign tumors. Results A total of 99 patients were enrolled in the study (27 men, 72 women), with a median age of 54 years. Forty-three patients had PTC and 58 cases were benign tumors. There were no statistically significant differences when comparing all five different biomarkers between PTC and other benign thyroid tumors. The p-values were 0.94, 0.48, 0.72, 0.48, and 0.90 for YKL-40, Gal-3, CK19, TIMP-1, and Ang-1, respectively. Conclusion Serum levels of four of the five proteins were elevated in patients with thyroid masses relative to normal values. However, the difference between benign and PTC was not significant. Two of the markers (Gal-3 & TIMP-1) displayed a greater potential difference, which may warrant further investigation. This study suggests that other serum markers should be sought. This is the first study to investigate potential serum biomarkers based on over-expressed proteins in thyroid cancer versus benign pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz M Makki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, 1278 Tower Rd,, B3H 2Y9, Halifax, N, S,, Canada.
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Kim ES, Lim DJ, Lee K, Jung CK, Bae JS, Jung SL, Baek KH, Lee JM, Moon SD, Kang MI, Cha BY, Lee KW, Son HY. Absence of galectin-3 immunostaining in fine-needle aspiration cytology specimens from papillary thyroid carcinoma is associated with favorable pathological indices. Thyroid 2012; 22:1244-50. [PMID: 22892040 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2011.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galectin-3 (G3) immunostaining of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples from thyroid nodules is very useful for the diagnosis of malignancy. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the absence of G3 immunostaining in preoperative FNA samples is associated with favorable clinicopathological parameters, including lymph node (LN) metastasis, in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS The records of 868 patients with PTC who had prethyroidectomy ultrasonography-guided FNA with G3 immunostaining between January 2006 and December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. G3 immunostaining was considered positive if the percentage of tumor cells showing definite cytoplasmic immunostaining exceeded 5%. Patients who had negative G3 immunostaining of FNA samples were assigned to the G3-negative (G3N) group; whereas those who had positive G3 immunostaining were assigned to the G3-positive (G3P) group. RESULTS There were 92 patients who were assigned to the G3N group (10.6%) because of the negative staining for G3 in the preoperative FNA samples from their thyroid nodules. The proportion of PTC subtypes in the G3N and G3P groups was similar (p=0.376). There was less frequent thyroid capsular invasion (46.7% vs. 66.5%, p<0.001), extrathyroidal extension (28.3% vs. 48.5%, p<0.001), and LN metastasis (22.2% vs. 48.7%, p<0.001) in the G3N group than the G3P group. In multivariate regression analysis, G3N expression predicted a lower risk of LN metastasis (odds ratio=0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.18-0.78) after adjustment for other clinicopathological parameters. Over a median follow-up of 33 months, no association was observed between G3N and disease-free survival. CONCLUSION The absence of G3 expression in FNA samples from PTC is associated with pathological parameters considered less aggressive than is the case for PTCs with G3 expression, including being a negative predictor of negative LN involvement. Long-term follow-up studies, however, are needed to verify whether G3N patients have lower recurrence and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Inhibition of metastatic tumor formation in vivo by a bacteriophage display-derived galectin-3 targeting peptide. Clin Exp Metastasis 2012; 30:119-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-012-9516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Song Q, Wang D, Lou Y, Li C, Fang C, He X, Li J. Diagnostic significance of CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 expression for papillary thyroid carcinoma in the northeastern region of China. Diagn Pathol 2011; 6:126. [PMID: 22188859 PMCID: PMC3264507 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the expression and differential diagnostic significance of CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (metastatic and non metastatic), follicular adenoma and nodular goiter in patients from the northeastern part of China. Methods 441 PTC specimens and 151 other benign thyroid specimens (97 cases of nodular goiter, 54 cases of nonmalignant follicular adenoma) were collected. Immunohistochemistry for CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 was performed. Results CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 expression was 96.37% (425/441), 82.77% (365/441), and 40.59% (179/441), 96.82% (427/441), respectively, for the PTC group and the expression of these markers in the benign thyroid lesions group was 25.83% (39/151), 79.47% (120/151), and 37.09% (56/151), 50.99% (77/151), respectively. The expression of CK19 and galectin-3 in PTC was much higher than that in the nonmalignant group (p < 0.05). However, the expression of TG, Ki67 did not differ among these two groups (p > 0.05). The diagnostic efficiency of CK19 and galectin-3 for PTC was 96.37% (537/592) and 84.63% (501/592). CK19 and galectin-3 expression rate in PTC was higher than that in benign disease cases. Conclusions The diagnostic efficiency of CK19 for PTC was slightly better than galectin-3. The utilization of these markers combined with morphologic evaluation may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the northeastern region of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Song
- Department of general surgery, The First affiliated hospital, China Medical University (Nanjing North Street), Shenyang (110001), China.
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15
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Galectin-3 germline variant at position 191 enhances nuclear accumulation and activation of β-catenin in gastric cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2011; 28:743-50. [PMID: 21750908 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-011-9406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mutation of galectin-3 at position 191 (rs4644) substituting proline to histidine (gal-3H(64)) resulted in the acquisition of resistance to drug-induced apoptosis by breast cancer cells. This study employed gastric cancer cells and patient tissues in attempts to elucidate how and why this mutation in galectin-3 (gal-3H(64)) enhances cancer progression, compared to wild type galectin-3 (gal-3P(64)). First, we prepared lenti-virus constructs containing gal-3P(64), gal-3H(64) and LacZ, and used them to infect galectin-3 null SNU-638 cells. We found that gal-3H(64) over-expression increases gastric cancer cell growth more than gal-3P(64) or LacZ over-expression. Also, gal-3H(64) over-expression conferred more resistance to cisplatin or 5-FU induced cytotoxicity than gal-3P(64). Gal-3H(64) also enhanced nuclear accumulation of β-catenin as well as increased expression of TCF-4 target genes, such as fascin-1 and c-Myc through the augmented promoter binding activity of TCF-4, than gal-3P(64). We also demonstrated stronger staining of β-catenin and galectin-3 in malignant tissues from gastric cancer patients with mutated galectin-3 at position 191 (gal-3 191) (A/A) (H(64)) and greater localization in the nucleus than in gal-3 191 A/C (P(64)) cancer patients. Taken together, we elucidated in this study that germline variant of gal-3H(64) increases nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and promotes TCF transcriptional activity and enhances more the galectin-3's role in gastric cancer progression.
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16
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Sipina LV, Bukurova YA, Nikitina IG, Krasnov GS, Sergeev SA, Lisitsyn NA, Karpov VL, Beresten SF. Identification of proteins overexpressed in papillary thyroid tumors. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2011; 75:1148-52. [PMID: 21077834 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297910090087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A modified method of proteome comparative analysis based on preliminary removal of cell structural proteins by extraction using salt buffer and subsequent separation of extracts by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was developed. Identification of differentially expressed proteins by mass spectrometry has revealed three proteins with noticeably increased level of synthesis in most samples of papillary thyroid tumors compared to normal tissues. An increase in ubiquitin content was found for the first time. Oncomarker search efficiencies by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and bioinformatic search were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Sipina
- Clinical Research Center PreMed, Moscow, 121357, Russia.
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17
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Wang Y, Nangia-Makker P, Balan V, Hogan V, Raz A. Calpain activation through galectin-3 inhibition sensitizes prostate cancer cells to cisplatin treatment. Cell Death Dis 2010; 1:e101. [PMID: 21368866 PMCID: PMC3032324 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2010.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer will develop chemoresistance following a period of chemotherapy. This is due, in part, to the acquisition of antiapoptotic properties by the cancer cells and, therefore, development of novel strategies for treatment is of critical need. Here, we attempt to clarify the role of the antiapoptotic molecule galectin-3 in prostate cancer cells using siRNA and antagonist approaches. The data showed that Gal-3 inhibition by siRNA or its antagonist GCS-100/modified citrus pectin (MCP) increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis of PC3 cells. Recent studies have indicated that cisplatin-induced apoptosis may be mediated by calpain, a calcium-dependent protease, as its activation leads to cleavage of androgen receptor into an androgen-independent isoform in prostate cancer cells. Thus, we examined whether calpain activation is associated with the Gal-3 function of regulating apoptosis. Here, we report that Gal-3 inhibition by siRNA or GCS-100/MCP enhances calpain activation, whereas Gal-3 overexpression inhibits it. Inhibition of calpain using its inhibitor and/or siRNA attenuated the proapoptotic effect of Gal-3 inhibition, suggesting that calpain activation may be a novel mechanism for the proapoptotic effect of Gal-3 inhibition. Thus, a paradigm shift for treating prostate cancer is suggested whereby a combination of a non-toxic anti-Gal-3 drug together with a toxic chemotherapeutic agent could serve as a novel therapeutic modality for chemoresistant prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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18
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Bogoeva VP, Varriale A, John CM, D'Auria S. Human galectin-3 interacts with two anticancer drugs. Proteomics 2010; 10:1946-53. [PMID: 20209510 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human galectin-3 (hGal-3) is a mammalian lectin involved in regulation of RNA splicing, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Multimerized extracellular hGal-3 is thought to crosslink cells by binding to glycoproteins and glycosylated cancer antigens on the cell surface or extracellular matrix. Fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism were used to study the interaction of hGal-3 with two anticancer agents: bohemine and Zn porphyrin (ZnTPPS(4)). The dissociation constant (k(D)) for binding of bohemine with hGal-3 was k(D) 0.23+/-0.05 microM. The hyperbolic titration curve indicated the presence of a single bohemine binding site. The binding of ZnTPPS(4) to hGal-3 (with and without lactose) is of high affinity having k(D)=0.18-0.20 microM and is not inhibited by lactose, indicating that ZnTPPS(4) and carbohydrate bind different sites. Circular dichroism spectra of the hGal-3 complexes suggested that the binding of the hydrophobic compounds changed the hGal-3 secondary structure. In summary, we show that two compounds with anticancer activity, bohemine and ZnTPPS(4), have high affinity for hGal-3 at a site that is distinct from its carbohydrate site. Since hGal-3 binds to several carbohydrate cancer antigens, the results suggest that it may have utility in the targeted delivery of drugs for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanya P Bogoeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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19
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KOO JASEUNG, SHIN EUNAH, HONG SOONWON. Immunohistochemical characteristics of diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary carcinoma: comparison with conventional papillary carcinoma. APMIS 2010; 118:744-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Asgarian-Omran H, Forghani P, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Roohi A, Sharifian RA, Razavi SM, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Rabbani H, Shokri F. Expression Profile of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 Molecules in Different Subtypes of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancer Invest 2010; 28:717-25. [DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2010.494319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Barut F, Onak Kandemir N, Bektas S, Bahadir B, Keser S, Ozdamar SO. Universal markers of thyroid malignancies: galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19. Endocr Pathol 2010; 21:80-9. [PMID: 20198455 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-010-9114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Difficulties in diagnosis of thyroid lesions, even with histologic analysis, are well known. This study has been carried on to evaluate the role of immunohistochemical markers including galectin-3, Hector Battifora mesothelial cell-1 (HBME-1), and cytokeratin-19 in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The expressions of galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were tested in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 458 surgically resected thyroid lesions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Immunostaining with standard avidin-biotin complex technique was performed by using monoclonal antibodies. In malignant neoplastic thyroid lesions, galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were diffusely expressed in general. Diffuse expression rates of these three markers were 72.3% (47/65), 70.7% (46/65), and 76.9% (50/65), respectively. The use of galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 may provide significant contributions in the differential diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumors. Although focal galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 expression may be encountered in benign lesions, diffuse positive reactions for these three markers are characteristic of malignant lesions. It has concluded that cytokeratin-19 alone and its combinations with other markers were more sensitive in accurate diagnosis of papillary carcinoma than the other combinations; meanwhile, there were similar results for follicular carcinomas with HBME-1 alone and its combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Barut
- Department of Pathology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University Faculty of Medicine, 67600, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey.
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22
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The evolution of biomarkers in thyroid cancer-from mass screening to a personalized biosignature. Cancers (Basel) 2010; 2:885-912. [PMID: 24281099 PMCID: PMC3835110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers2020885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. The diagnosis of thyroid nodules, made by neck examination and ultrasonography, is a common event occurring in over 50% of the patient population over the age of 50. Yet, only 5% of these patients will be diagnosed with cancer. Fine needle aspiration biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing thyroid nodules. However, 10–15% of these biopsies are inconclusive, ultimately requiring a diagnostic thyroid lobectomy. Consequently, research in thyroid biomarkers has become an area of active interest. In the 40 years since calcitonin was first described as the biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer, new biomarkers in thyroid cancer have been discovered. Advances in genomic and proteomic technologies have defined many of these novel thyroid biomarkers. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive literature review of how these biomarkers have evolved from simple screening tests into a complex array of multiple markers to help predict the malignant potential and genetic signature of thyroid neoplasms.
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