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Waters JA, Urbano I, Robinson M, House CD. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5: Diverse roles in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1052457. [PMID: 36465383 PMCID: PMC9714447 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1052457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) and the associated signaling components in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and adhesion. Of the IGFBPs, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) is the most evolutionarily conserved with a dynamic range of IGF-dependent and -independent functions, and studies on the actions of IGFBP5 in cancer have been somewhat paradoxical. In cancer, the IGFBPs respond to external stimuli to modulate disease progression and therapeutic responsiveness in a context specific manner. This review discusses the different roles of IGF signaling and IGFBP5 in disease with an emphasis on discoveries within the last twenty years, which underscore a need to clarify the IGF-independent actions of IGFBP5, the impact of its subcellular localization, the differential activities of each of the subdomains, and the response to elements of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, recent advances addressing the role of IGFBP5 in resistance to cancer therapeutics will be discussed. A better understanding of the contexts in which IGFBP5 functions will facilitate the discovery of new mechanisms of cancer progression that may lead to novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Waters
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ixchel Urbano
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mikella Robinson
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Carrie D. House
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States,Moore’s Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Carrie D. House,
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Zheng Y, Luo L, Lambertz IU, Conti CJ, Fuchs-Young R. Early Dietary Exposures Epigenetically Program Mammary Cancer Susceptibility through Igf1-Mediated Expansion of the Mammary Stem Cell Compartment. Cells 2022; 11:2558. [PMID: 36010633 PMCID: PMC9406400 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a critical environmental factor affecting breast cancer risk, and recent evidence shows that dietary exposures during early development can affect lifetime mammary cancer susceptibility. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we used our established crossover feeding mouse model, where exposure to a high-fat and high-sugar (HFHS) diet during defined developmental windows determines mammary tumor incidence and latency in carcinogen-treated mice. Mammary tumor incidence is significantly increased in mice receiving a HFHS post-weaning diet (high-tumor mice, HT) compared to those receiving a HFHS diet during gestation (low-tumor mice, LT). The current study revealed that the mammary stem cell (MaSC) population was significantly increased in mammary glands from HT compared to LT mice. Igf1 expression was increased in mammary stromal cells from HT mice, where it promoted MaSC self-renewal. The increased Igf1 expression was induced by DNA hypomethylation of the Igf1 Pr1 promoter, mediated by a decrease in Dnmt3b levels. Mammary tissues from HT mice also had reduced levels of Igfbp5, leading to increased bioavailability of tissue Igf1. This study provides novel insights into how early dietary exposures program mammary cancer risk, demonstrating that effective dietary intervention can reduce mammary cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanning Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Linjie Luo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Isabel U. Lambertz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Claudio J. Conti
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28903 Madrid, Spain
| | - Robin Fuchs-Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
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Athira K, Gopakumar G. Breast cancer stage prediction: a computational approach guided by transcriptome analysis. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1467-1479. [PMID: 35922530 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cancer among women in terms of mortality rate. In recent years, its incidence frequency has been continuously rising across the globe. In this context, the new therapeutic strategies to manage the deadly disease attracts tremendous research focus. However, finding new prognostic predictors to refine the selection of therapy for the various stages of breast cancer is an unattempted issue. Aberrant expression of genes at various stages of cancer progression can be studied to identify specific genes that play a critical role in cancer staging. Moreover, while many schemes for subtype prediction in breast cancer have been explored in the literature, stage-wise classification remains a challenge. These observations motivated the proposed two-phased method: stage-specific gene signature selection and stage classification. In the first phase, meta-analysis of gene expression data is conducted to identify stage-wise biomarkers that were then used in the second phase of cancer classification. From the analysis, 118, 12 and 4 genes respectively in stage I, stage II and stage III are determined as potential biomarkers. Pathway enrichment, gene network and literature analysis validate the significance of the identified genes in breast cancer. In this study, machine learning methods were combined with principal component and posterior probability analysis. Such a scheme offers a unique opportunity to build a meaningful model for predicting breast cancer staging. Among the machine learning models compared, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is found to perform the best for the selected datasets with an accuracy of 92.21% during test data evaluation. Perhaps, biomarker identification performed here for stage-specific cancer treatment would be a meaningful step towards predictive medicine. Significantly, the determination of correct cancer stage using the proposed 134 gene signature set can possibly act as potential target for breast cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Athira
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NIT Campus PO, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India.
| | - G Gopakumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NIT Campus PO, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Cheng AA, Li W, Hernandez LL. Investigating the effect of positional variation on mid-lactation mammary gland transcriptomics in mice fed either a low-fat or high-fat diet. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255770. [PMID: 34437559 PMCID: PMC8389404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Little attention has been given to the effect of positional variation of gene expression in the mammary gland. However, more research is shedding light regarding the physiological differences that mammary gland location can have on the murine mammary gland. Here we examined the differentially expressed genes between mammary gland positions under either a low-fat diet (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) in the mid-lactation mammary gland (lactation day 11; L11). Three-week old WT C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high fat diet (HFD) (n = 3/group) and either the right thoracic mammary gland (TMG) or inguinal mammary gland (IMG) was collected from each dam for a total of 12 unique glands. Within each diet, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were first filtered by adjusted p-value (cutoff ≤ 0.05) and fold-change (FC, cutoff ≥2). Genes were further filtered by mean normalized read count with a cutoff≥10. We observed that mammary gland position had a significant impact on mammary gland gene expression with either LFD or HFD diet, with 1264 DEGs in LFD dams and 777 DEGs in HFD dams. We found that genes related to snRNP binding and translation initiation were most significantly altered between the TMG and IMG. Although we were not able to discern a molecular mechanism, many small nuclear RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs were differentially expressed between the TMG and IMG responsible for cellular functions such as splicing and ribosome biogenesis, which provides and interesting avenue for future research. Our study supports the hypothesis that collection of the mammary gland from a particular location influences mammary gland gene expression, thereby highlighting the importance for researchers to be vigilant in documenting and reporting which mammary gland they are using for their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne A. Cheng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, UW-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, UW-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Wenli Li
- Cell Wall Biology and Utilization Research Unit, US Dairy Forage Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Laura L. Hernandez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, UW-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jenkins EC, Brown SO, Germain D. The Multi-Faced Role of PAPP-A in Post-Partum Breast Cancer: IGF-Signaling is Only the Beginning. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:181-189. [PMID: 32901383 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling and control of local bioavailability of free IGF by the IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) are important regulators of both mammary development and breast cancer. A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified small nucleotide polymorphisms that reduce the expression of IGFBP-5 as a risk factor of developing breast cancer. This observation suggests that genetic alterations leading to a decreased level of IGFBP-5 may also contribute to breast cancer. In the current review, we focus on Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A), a protease involved in the degradation of IGFBP-5. PAPP-A is overexpressed in the majority of breast cancers but its role in cancer has only begun to be explored. More specifically, this review aims at highlighting the role of post-partum involution in the oncogenic function of PAPP-A. Notably, we summarize recent studies indicating that PAPP-A plays a role not only in the degradation of IGFBP-5 but also in the deposition of collagen and activation of the collagen receptor discoidin 2 (DDR2) during post-partum involution. Finally, considering the immunosuppressive microenvironment of post-partum involution, we also discuss the unexpected finding made in Ewing Sarcoma that PAPP-A plays a role in immune evasion. While the immunosuppressive role of PAPP-A in breast cancer remains to be determined, collectively these studies highlight the multifaced role of PAPP-A in cancer that extends well beyond its effect on IGF-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Charles Jenkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/ Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Samantha O Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/ Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Doris Germain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/ Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Hada M, Oh H, Pfeiffer RM, Falk RT, Fan S, Mullooly M, Pollak M, Geller B, Vacek PM, Weaver D, Shepherd J, Wang J, Fan B, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Malkov S, Herschorn S, Brinton LA, Sherman ME, Gierach GL. Relationship of circulating insulin-like growth factor-I and binding proteins 1-7 with mammographic density among women undergoing image-guided diagnostic breast biopsy. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:81. [PMID: 31337427 PMCID: PMC6651938 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammographic density (MD) is a strong breast cancer risk factor that reflects fibroglandular and adipose tissue composition, but its biologic underpinnings are poorly understood. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are markers that may be associated with MD given their hypothesized role in breast carcinogenesis. IGFBPs sequester IGF-I, limiting its bioavailability. Prior studies have found positive associations between circulating IGF-I and the IGF-I:IGFBP-3 ratio and breast cancer risk. We evaluated the associations of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and six other IGFBPs with MD. Methods Serum IGF measures were quantified in 296 women, ages 40–65, undergoing diagnostic image-guided breast biopsy. Volumetric density measures (MD-V) were assessed in pre-biopsy digital mammograms using single X-ray absorptiometry. Area density measures (MD-A) were estimated by computer-assisted thresholding software. Age, body mass index (BMI), and BMI2-adjusted linear regression models were used to examine associations of serum IGF measures with MD. Effect modification by BMI was also assessed. Results IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were not strongly associated with MD after BMI adjustment. In multivariable analyses among premenopausal women, IGFBP-2 was positively associated with both percent MD-V (β = 1.49, p value = 0.02) and MD-A (β = 1.55, p value = 0.05). Among postmenopausal women, positive relationships between IGFBP-2 and percent MD-V (β = 2.04, p = 0.003) were observed; the positive associations between IGFBP-2 and percent MD-V were stronger among lean women (BMI < 25 kg/m2) (β = 5.32, p = 0.0002; p interaction = 0.0003). Conclusions In this comprehensive study of IGFBPs and MD, we observed a novel positive association between IGFBP-2 and MD, particularly among women with lower BMI. In concert with in vitro studies suggesting a dual role of IGFBP-2 on breast tissue, promoting cell proliferation as well as inhibiting tumorigenesis, our findings suggest that further studies assessing the role of IGFBP-2 in breast tissue composition, in addition to IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, are warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-019-1162-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manila Hada
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Hannah Oh
- Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roni T Falk
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shaoqi Fan
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Berta Geller
- University of Vermont and Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Pamela M Vacek
- University of Vermont and Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Donald Weaver
- University of Vermont and Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Jeff Wang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Bo Fan
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Serghei Malkov
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sally Herschorn
- University of Vermont and Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Louise A Brinton
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Gretchen L Gierach
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in cancerogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 772:78-104. [PMID: 28528692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family components in carcinogenesis of several human tumors is based on numerous epidemiological and pre-clinical studies, experiments in vivo and in vitro and on attempts at application of drugs affecting the IGF axis. Investigative hypotheses in original studies were based on biological functions manifested by the entire family of IGF (ligands, receptors, linking proteins, adaptor molecules). In the context of carcinogenesis the most important functions of IGF family involve intensification of proliferation and inhibition of cell apoptosis and effect on cell transformation through synthesis of several regulatory proteins. IGF axis controls survival and influences on metastases of cells. Interactions of IGF axis components may be of a direct or indirect nature. The direct effects are linked to activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, in which the initiating role is first of all played by IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Activity of this signaling pathway leads to an increased mitogenesis, cell cycle progression, and protection against different apoptotic stresses. Indirect effects of the axis depend on interactions between IGF and other molecules important for cancer etiology (e.g. sex hormones, products of suppressor genes, viruses, and other GFs) and the style of life (nutrition, physical activity). From the clinical point of view, components of IGF system are first of all considered as diagnostic serous and/or tissue biomarkers of a given cancer, prognostic factors and attractive target of modern anti-tumor therapies. Several mechanisms in which IGF system components act in the process of carcinogenesis need to be clarified, mainly due to multifactorial etiology of the neoplasms. Pin-pointing of the role played in carcinogenesis by any single signaling pathway remains particularly difficult. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data of several epidemiological studies, experiments in vitro and on animal models, to increase our understanding of the complex role of IGF family components in the most common human cancers.
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Sharma A, Purohit S, Sharma S, Bai S, Zhi W, Ponny SR, Hopkins D, Steed L, Bode B, Anderson SW, She JX. IGF-Binding Proteins in Type-1 Diabetes Are More Severely Altered in the Presence of Complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:2. [PMID: 26858687 PMCID: PMC4731488 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Reduced levels of free and total insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) have been observed in type-1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The bioavailability of IGF-I from the circulation to the target cells is controlled by multifunctional IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). The aim of this study was to profile serum IGFBPs in T1D and its complications. DESIGN We measured the IGFBP levels in 3662 patient serum samples from our ongoing Phenome and Genome of Diabetes Autoimmunity (PAGODA) study. IGFBP levels of four different groups of T1D patients (with 0, 1, 2, and ≥3 complications) were compared with healthy controls. RESULTS Three serum IGFBPs (IGFBP-1, -2, and -6) are significantly higher in T1D patients, and these alterations are greater in the presence of diabetic complications. IGFBP-3 is lower in patients with diabetic complications. Analyses using quintiles revealed that risk of T1D complications increases with increasing concentrations of IGFBP-2 (fifth quintile ORs: 18-60, p < 10(-26)), IGFBP-1 (fifth quintile ORs: 8-20, p < 10(-15)), and IGFBP-6 (fifth quintile ORs: 3-148, p < 10(-3)). IGFBP-3 has a negative association with T1D complications (fifth quintile ORs: 0.12-0.25, p < 10(-5)). CONCLUSION We found that elevated serum levels of IGFBP-1, -2, and -6 were associated with T1D, and its complications and IGFBP-3 level was found to be decreased in T1D with complications. Given the known role of these IGFBPs, the overall impact of these alterations suggests a negative effect on IGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- *Correspondence: Ashok Sharma,
| | - Sharad Purohit
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Bai
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sithara Raju Ponny
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Diane Hopkins
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Leigh Steed
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Bruce Bode
- Pediatric Endocrine Associates, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Jin-Xiong She
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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