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Duysak T, Kim K, Yun M, Jeong JH, Choy HE. Enhanced anti-cancer efficacy of arginine deaminase expressed by tumor-seeking Salmonella Gallinarum. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03176-0. [PMID: 39322639 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Amino acid deprivation, particularly of nonessential amino acids that can be synthesized by normal cells but not by cancer cells with specific defects in the biosynthesis pathway, has emerged as a potential strategy in cancer therapeutics. In normal cells, arginine is synthesized from citrulline in two steps via two enzymes: argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) and argininosuccinate lyase. Several cancer cells exhibit arginine auxotrophy due to the loss or down-regulation of ASS1. These cells undergo starvation-induced cell death in the presence of arginine-degrading enzymes such as arginine deaminase (ADI). Thus, ADI has emerged as a potential therapeutic in cancer therapy. However, the use of ADI has two major disadvantages: ADI of bacterial origin is strongly antigenic in mammals, and ADI has a short circulation half-life (∼5 h). In this study, we engineered tumor-targeting Salmonella Gallinarum to express and secrete ADI and deployed this strain into mice implanted with ASS1-defective mouse colorectal cancer (CT26) through an intravenous route. A notable antitumor effect was observed, suggesting that the disadvantages were overcome as ADI was expressed constitutively by tumor-targeting bacteria. A combination with chloroquine, which inhibits the induction of autophagy, further enhanced the effect. Anti-cancer effect of Salmonella Gallinarum expressing an arginine deiminase (ADI) on arginine-dependent tumors in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Duysak
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61468, Korea
- Odysseus Bio, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun, Jeonnam, 58128, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Odysseus Bio, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun, Jeonnam, 58128, Korea
| | - Misun Yun
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61468, Korea.
| | - Hyon E Choy
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61468, Korea.
- Odysseus Bio, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun, Jeonnam, 58128, Korea.
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2
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Mohajeri M, Salehi P, Heidari B, Rafati H, Asghari SM, Behboudi H, Iranpour P. PEGylated Pemetrexed and PolyNIPAM Decorated Gold Nanoparticles: A Biocompatible and Highly Stable CT Contrast Agent for Cancer Imaging. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5977-5991. [PMID: 39120942 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
This study describes a multifunctional nanoparticle platform for targeted CT imaging and therapy of cancers. Pemetrexed (conjugated with polyethylene glycol, MW 2000 Da) and polyNIPAM (PEGylated) were designed for targeted delivery to folate receptors and thermally ablated tumors, respectively. These moieties were coated on gold nanoparticles (7 and 30 nm), and the prepared compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, FT-IR, CHNS, DLS, TEM, TGA, and UV-vis. The resulting agents exhibited 2-4 times higher X-ray attenuation compared to Visipaque and demonstrated specific accumulation in tumor tissue (4T1 xenograft model) 90 min after injection in mice. The nanoparticles displayed anticancer activity against 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (IC50: 182.87 and 206.18 μg/mL) and good biocompatibility. Importantly, the platform showed excellent stability over a year and at pH 2-12 and temperature range of -78 to 40 °C, and a water-dichloromethane extraction method was optimized for efficient purification, facilitating large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Heidari
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Rafati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Asghari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 13145-1384, Iran
| | - Hossein Behboudi
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooya Iranpour
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71936-13311, Iran
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3
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Nagy Á, Abouzayed A, Kanellopoulos P, Landmark F, Bezverkhniaia E, Tolmachev V, Orlova A, Eriksson Karlström A. Evaluation of ABD-Linked RM26 Conjugates for GRPR-Targeted Drug Delivery. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:36122-36133. [PMID: 39220525 PMCID: PMC11359615 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Targeting the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) with the bombesin analogue RM26, a 9 aa peptide, has been a promising strategy for cancer theranostics, with recent success in radionuclide imaging of prostate cancer. However, therapeutic application of the short peptide RM26 would require a longer half-life to prevent fast clearance from the circulation. Conjugation to an albumin-binding domain (ABD) is a viable strategy to extend the in vivo half-life of peptides and proteins. We previously reported an ABD-fused RM26 peptide targeting GRPR (ABD-RM26 Gen 1) that showed prolonged and stable tumor uptake over 144 h; however, the observed high kidney uptake indicated that the conjugate's binding to albumin was reduced and that this could be an obstacle for its use as a delivery system for targeted therapy, especially for radiotherapy. Here, we have designed, produced, and preclinically evaluated a series of novel ABD-RM26 conjugates with the aim of improving the conjugate's binding to albumin and decreasing the kidney uptake. We developed three second-generation constructs with varying formats, differing in the relative positions of the targeting moieties and the radionuclide chelator. The produced conjugates were radiolabeled with indium-111 and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. All constructs displayed improved biophysical characteristics, biodistribution, and lower kidney uptake compared to previously reported first-generation molecules. The ABD-RM26 Gen 2A conjugate showed the best biodistribution profile with a nearly 6-fold reduction in kidney uptake. However, the ABD-RM26 Gen 2A conjugate's binding to GRPR was compromised. This conjugate's assembly of albumin- and GRPR-binding moieties might be used for further development of drug conjugates for targeted therapy/radiotherapy of GRPR-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ábel Nagy
- Department
of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology
and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ayman Abouzayed
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrika Landmark
- Department
of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology
and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Bezverkhniaia
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Research
Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied
Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department
of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala
University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for
Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amelie Eriksson Karlström
- Department
of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology
and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Lv Y, Qi J, Babon JJ, Cao L, Fan G, Lang J, Zhang J, Mi P, Kobe B, Wang F. The JAK-STAT pathway: from structural biology to cytokine engineering. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:221. [PMID: 39169031 PMCID: PMC11339341 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway serves as a paradigm for signal transduction from the extracellular environment to the nucleus. It plays a pivotal role in physiological functions, such as hematopoiesis, immune balance, tissue homeostasis, and surveillance against tumors. Dysregulation of this pathway may lead to various disease conditions such as immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, hematologic disorders, and cancer. Due to its critical role in maintaining human health and involvement in disease, extensive studies have been conducted on this pathway, ranging from basic research to medical applications. Advances in the structural biology of this pathway have enabled us to gain insights into how the signaling cascade operates at the molecular level, laying the groundwork for therapeutic development targeting this pathway. Various strategies have been developed to restore its normal function, with promising therapeutic potential. Enhanced comprehension of these molecular mechanisms, combined with advances in protein engineering methodologies, has allowed us to engineer cytokines with tailored properties for targeted therapeutic applications, thereby enhancing their efficiency and safety. In this review, we outline the structural basis that governs key nodes in this pathway, offering a comprehensive overview of the signal transduction process. Furthermore, we explore recent advances in cytokine engineering for therapeutic development in this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Lv
- Center for Molecular Biosciences and Non-communicable Diseases Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
- Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710026, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Jeffrey J Babon
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Longxing Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Guohuang Fan
- Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd, No. 10 Lv Zhou Huan Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Jiajia Lang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710026, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Faming Wang
- Center for Molecular Biosciences and Non-communicable Diseases Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
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5
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Mora-Boza A, Ahmedin Z, García AJ. Controlled release of therapeutic antibody using hydrolytically degradable microgels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1265-1275. [PMID: 37927169 PMCID: PMC11069594 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies have gained significant interest as potential therapeutics for treating various diseases. However, these therapies are not always effective due to poor treatment compliance associated with multiple administrations and drug resistance. Thus, there is a growing interest in developing advanced monoclonal antibody delivery systems that can customize pharmacokinetics to enhance therapeutic outcomes. This work aimed to engineer hydrolytic 4-arm PEG maleimide (PEG-4MAL) microgels for the controlled delivery of therapeutic antibodies, specifically anti-angiogenic bevacizumab, to overcome the limitations of current monoclonal antibody therapies. Through a PEGylation reaction with a thiol-terminated PEG linker, the antibody was covalently conjugated to the macromer backbone before microgel synthesis. The PEGylation reaction was simple, effective, and did not affect antibody bioactivity. Antibody release kinetics was tuned by changing the concentration of the hydrolytic linker (0-2 mM) and/or PEG-4MAL:protein molar ratio (1000:1, 2000:1, and 5000:1) in the macromer precursor solution during microgel fabrication. The bioactivity of the released antibody was assessed on human umbilical endothelial vascular cells (HUVEC), demonstrating that extracts from hydrolytic microgels reduced cell proliferation over time. Collectively, this study demonstrates the development of highly tunable delivery platform based on degradable PEG-4MAL microgels that can be adapted for therapeutic antibody-controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mora-Boza
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zakir Ahmedin
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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6
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Stern NB, Shrestha B, Porter T. A Facile Approach to Producing Liposomal J-Aggregates of Indocyanine Green with Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2024; 7:2400042. [PMID: 39132131 PMCID: PMC11308451 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202400042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Liposomal J-Aggregates of Indocyanine Green (L-JA) can serve as a biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticle for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. When compared to monomeric IcG, L-JA are characterized by longer circulation, improved photostability, elevated absorption at longer wavelengths, and increased photoacoustic signal generation. However, the documented methods for production of L-JA vary widely. We developed an approach to efficiently form IcG J-aggregates (IcG-JA) directly in liposomes at elevated temperatures. Aggregating within fully formed liposomes ensures particle uniformity and allows for control of J-aggregate size. L-JA have unique properties compared to IcG. L-JA provide significant contrast enhancement in photoacoustic images for up to 24 hours after injection, while IcG and unencapsulated IcG-JA are cleared within an hour. L-JA allow for more accurate photoacoustic-based sO2 estimation and particle tracking compared to IcG. Furthermore, photothermal heating of L-JA with an 852nm laser is demonstrated to be more effective at lower laser powers than conventional 808nm lasers for the first time. The presented technique offers an avenue for formulating a multi-faceted contrast agent for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy that offers significant advantages over other conventional agents.
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7
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Fu Z, Treacy JW, Hosier BM, Houk KN, Maynard HD. Controlling rates and reversibilities of elimination reactions of hydroxybenzylammoniums by tuning dearomatization energies. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10448-10454. [PMID: 38994402 PMCID: PMC11234877 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02985b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydroxybenzylammonium compounds can undergo a reversible 1,4- or 1,6-elimination to afford quinone methide intermediates after release of the amine. These molecules are useful for the reversible conjugation of payloads to amines. We hypothesized that aromaticity could be used to alter the rate of reversibility as a distinct thermodynamic driving force. We describe the use of density functional theory (DFT) calculations to determine the effect of aromaticity on the rate of release of the amine from hydroxybenzylammonium compounds. Namely, the aromatic scaffold affects the dearomatization reaction to reduce the kinetic barrier and prevent the reversibility of the amine elimination. We consequently synthesized a small library of polycyclic hydroxybenzylammoniums, which resulted in a range of release half-lives from 18 minutes to 350 hours. The novel mechanistic insight provided herein significantly expands the range of release rates amenable to hydroxybenzylammonium-containing compounds. This work provides another way to affect the rate of payload release in hydroxybenzylammoniums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihuan Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
| | - Joseph W Treacy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
| | - Brock M Hosier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1569 USA
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8
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Dai J, Ashrafizadeh M, Aref AR, Sethi G, Ertas YN. Peptide-functionalized, -assembled and -loaded nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103981. [PMID: 38614161 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The combination of peptides and nanoparticles in cancer therapy has shown synergistic results. Nanoparticle functionalization with peptides can increase their targeting ability towards tumor cells. In some cases, the peptides can develop self-assembled nanoparticles, in combination with drugs, for targeted cancer therapy. The peptides can be loaded into nanoparticles and can be delivered by other drugs for synergistic cancer removal. Multifunctional types of peptide-based nanoparticles, including pH- and redox-sensitive classes, have been introduced in cancer therapy. The tumor microenvironment remolds, and the acceleration of immunotherapy and vaccines can be provided by peptide nanoparticles. Moreover, the bioimaging and labeling of cancers can be mediated by peptide nanoparticles. Therefore, peptides can functionalize nanoparticles in targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Dai
- School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; International Association for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology and NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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9
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Kumar M, Leekha A, Nandy S, Kulkarni R, Martinez-Paniagua M, Rahman Sefat KMS, Willson RC, Varadarajan N. Enzymatic depletion of circulating glutamine is immunosuppressive in cancers. iScience 2024; 27:109817. [PMID: 38770139 PMCID: PMC11103382 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Although glutamine addiction in cancer cells is extensively reported, there is controversy on the impact of glutamine metabolism on the immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). To address the role of extracellular glutamine, we enzymatically depleted circulating glutamine using PEGylated Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyl transferase (PEG-GGT) in syngeneic mouse models of breast and colon cancers. PEG-GGT treatment inhibits growth of cancer cells in vitro, but in vivo it increases myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and has no significant impact on tumor growth. By deriving a glutamine depletion signature, we analyze diverse human cancers within the TCGA and illustrate that glutamine depletion is not associated with favorable clinical outcomes and correlates with accumulation of MDSC. Broadly, our results help clarify the integrated impact of glutamine depletion within the TME and advance PEG-GGT as an enzymatic tool for the systemic and selective depletion (no asparaginase activity) of circulating glutamine in live animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monish Kumar
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Ankita Leekha
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Suman Nandy
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Rohan Kulkarni
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Melisa Martinez-Paniagua
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - K. M. Samiur Rahman Sefat
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Richard C. Willson
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Navin Varadarajan
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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El-Fakharany EM, El-Gendi H, Saleh AK, El-Sayed MH, Alalawy AI, Jame R, Abdelaziz MA, Alshareef SA, El-Maradny YA. The use of proteins and peptides-based therapy in managing and preventing pathogenic viruses. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132254. [PMID: 38729501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins have been employed for centuries and reached approximately 50 % of all drugs investigated. By 2023, they represented one of the top 10 largest-selling pharma products ($387.03 billion) and are anticipated to reach around $653.35 billion by 2030. Growth hormones, insulin, and interferon (IFN α, γ, and β) are among the leading applied therapeutic proteins with a higher market share. Protein-based therapies have opened new opportunities to control various diseases, including metabolic disorders, tumors, and viral outbreaks. Advanced recombinant DNA biotechnology has offered the production of therapeutic proteins and peptides for vaccination, drugs, and diagnostic tools. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression host systems, including bacterial, fungal, animal, mammalian, and plant cells usually applied for recombinant therapeutic proteins large-scale production. However, several limitations face therapeutic protein production and applications at the commercial level, including immunogenicity, integrity concerns, protein stability, and protein degradation under different circumstances. In this regard, protein-engineering strategies such as PEGylation, glycol-engineering, Fc-fusion, albumin conjugation, and fusion, assist in increasing targeting, product purity, production yield, functionality, and the half-life of therapeutic protein circulation. Therefore, a comprehensive insight into therapeutic protein research and findings pave the way for their successful implementation, which will be discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA city), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt; Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hamada El-Gendi
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA city), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Saleh
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St., Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H El-Sayed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Arts-Rafha, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Jame
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Abdelaziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yousra A El-Maradny
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Alamein 51718, Egypt
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11
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Xie S, Erfani A, Manouchehri S, Ramsey J, Aichele C. Aerosolization of poly(sulfobetaine) microparticles that encapsulate therapeutic antibodies. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213839. [PMID: 38579521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery of protein therapeutics poses significant challenges that have not been well addressed in the research literature or practice. In fact, there is currently only one commercial protein therapeutic that is delivered through aerosolization and inhalation. In this study, we propose a drug delivery strategy that enables a high-concentration dosage for the pulmonary delivery of antibodies as an aerosolizable solid powder with desired stability. We utilized zwitterionic polymers for their promising properties as drug delivery vehicles and synthesized swellable, biodegradable poly(sulfo-betaine) (pSB) microparticles. The microparticles were loaded with Immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a model antibody. We quantified the microparticle size and morphology, and the particles were found to have an average diameter of 1.6 μm, falling within the optimal range (~1-5 μm) for pulmonary drug delivery. In addition, we quantified the impact of the crosslinker to monomer ratio on particle morphology and drug loading capacity. The results showed that there is a trade-off between desired morphology and drug loading capacity as the crosslinker density increases. In addition, the particles were aerosolized, and our data indicated that the particles remained intact and retained their initial morphology and size after aerosolization. The combination of morphology, particle size, antibody loading capacity, low cytotoxicity, and ease of aerosolization support the potential use of these particles for pulmonary delivery of protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songpei Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States of America
| | - Amir Erfani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Saeed Manouchehri
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States of America
| | - Joshua Ramsey
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States of America
| | - Clint Aichele
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States of America.
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12
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Skjærvø Ø, Togle A, Sutton H, Han X, Rauniyar N. Dimethyl sulfoxide as a gas phase charge-reducing agent for the determination of PEGylated proteins' intact mass. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024. [PMID: 38685882 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Determination of PEGylated proteins' intact mass by mass spectrometry is challenging due to the molecules' large size, excessive charges, and instrument limitations. Previous efforts have been reported. However, signal variability, ion coalescence, and a generally low degree of robustness have been observed. In this work, we have explored the capabilities of post-column infusion of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) following reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RP-LCMS) to determine PEG-filgrastim' intact mass, and to characterize its PEG moiety. The method was optimized around reproducibility (six preparations, and three injection replicates) with an in-house prepared PEG-filgrastim standard. The method showed a mass accuracy of ≤1.2 Da. The average molecular weight (MWEO=483) was 40 147.9 Da. The number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) were observed to be 40 101.1 and 40 113.9 Da, respectively, both with an RSD of 0.03%. The molecular weight distribution of ethylene oxide (EO), the polydispersity index (PDI), was 1.0003 for all preparations with a minimum and maximum number of EO units of 448 ± 2 and 516 ± 2, respectively. The method was finally applied to commercially available Neulasta® lots where the Mn and Mw were 39 995.8 and 40 008.8 Da, respectively, both with an RSD of 0.1%. The minimum and maximum EO units across the lots were observed to be 444.5 ± 1.5 and 514 ± 3, respectively. The PDI for all Neulasta® lots was 1.0003. This study provides an insightful characterization of Neulasta® and describes a robust LC-MS methodology for the characterization of the PEGylated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Skjærvø
- Tanvex BioPharma USA, Inc., 10394 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Alyssa Togle
- Tanvex BioPharma USA, Inc., 10394 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Haley Sutton
- Tanvex BioPharma USA, Inc., 10394 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Xuemei Han
- Tanvex BioPharma USA, Inc., 10394 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Navin Rauniyar
- Tanvex BioPharma USA, Inc., 10394 Pacific Center Ct, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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13
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Bento C, Katz M, Santos MMM, Afonso CAM. Striving for Uniformity: A Review on Advances and Challenges To Achieve Uniform Polyethylene Glycol. Org Process Res Dev 2024; 28:860-890. [PMID: 38660381 PMCID: PMC11036406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is the polymer of choice in drug delivery systems due to its biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. For over 20 years, this polymer has been widely used in the drug delivery of small drugs, proteins, oligonucleotides, and liposomes, improving the stability and pharmacokinetics of many drugs. However, despite the extensive clinical experience with PEG, concerns have emerged related to its use. These include hypersensitivity, purity, and nonbiodegradability. Moreover, conventional PEG is a mixture of polymers that can complicate drug synthesis and purification leading to unwanted immunogenic reactions. Studies have shown that uniform PEGylated drugs may be more effective than conventional PEGylated drugs as they can overcome issues related to molecular heterogeneity and immunogenicity. This has led to significant research efforts to develop synthetic procedures to produce uniform PEGs (monodisperse PEGs). As a result, iterative step-by-step controlled synthesis methods have been created over time and have shown promising results. Nonetheless, these procedures have presented numerous challenges due to their iterative nature and the requirement for multiple purification steps, resulting in increased costs and time consumption. Despite these challenges, the synthetic procedures went through several improvements. This review summarizes and discusses recent advances in the synthesis of uniform PEGs and its derivatives with a focus on overall yields, scalability, and purity of the polymers. Additionally, the available characterization methods for assessing polymer monodispersity are discussed as well as uniform PEG applications, side effects, and possible alternative polymers that can overcome the drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Bento
- Hovione
Farmaciência S.A., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edifício
R, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marianna Katz
- Hovione
Farmaciência S.A., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edifício
R, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria M. M. Santos
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Research
Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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14
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Liu B, Rodriguez J, J Kilgallon L, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang A, Dai Y, Nguyen HVT, Pentelute BL, Johnson JA. An organometallic swap strategy for bottlebrush polymer-protein conjugate synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4238-4241. [PMID: 38529790 PMCID: PMC11008127 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00293h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Polymer-protein bioconjugation offers a powerful strategy to alter the physical properties of proteins, and various synthetic polymer compositions and architectures have been investigated for this purpose. Nevertheless, conjugation of molecular bottlebrush polymers (BPs) to proteins remains an unsolved challenge due to the large size of BPs and a general lack of methods to transform the chain ends of BPs into functional groups suitable for bioconjugation. Here, we present a strategy to address this challenge in the context of BPs prepared by "graft-through" ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), one of the most powerful methods for BP synthesis. Quenching ROMP of PEGylated norbornene macromonomers with an activated enyne terminator facilitates the transformation of the BP Ru alkylidene chain ends into Pd oxidative addition complexes (OACs) for facile bioconjugation. This strategy is shown to be effective for the synthesis of two BP-protein conjugates (albumin and ERG), setting the stage for a new class of BP-protein conjugates for future therapeutic and imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jacob Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Landon J Kilgallon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Wencong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Aiden Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Yutong Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Hung V-T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Bradley L Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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15
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Shen L, Li Z, Ma A, Cruz-Teran C, Talkington A, Shipley ST, Lai SK. Free PEG Suppresses Anaphylaxis to PEGylated Nanomedicine in Swine. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8733-8744. [PMID: 38469811 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Covalent conjugation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is frequently employed to enhance the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of various protein and nanoparticle therapeutics. Unfortunately, some PEGylated drugs can induce elevated levels of antibodies that can bind PEG, i.e., anti-PEG antibodies (APA), in some patients. APA in turn can reduce the efficacy and increase the risks of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. There is currently no intervention available in the clinic that specifically mitigates allergic reactions to PEGylated drugs without the use of broad immunosuppression. We previously showed that infusion of high molecular weight free PEG could safely and effectively suppress the induction of APA in mice and restore prolonged circulation of various PEGylated therapeutics. Here, we explored the effectiveness of free PEG as a prophylaxis against anaphylaxis induced by PEG-specific allergic reactions in swine. Injection of PEG-liposomes (PL) resulted in anaphylactoid shock (pseudoanaphylaxis) within 1-3 min in both naïve and PL-sensitized swine. In contrast, repeated injection of free PEG alone did not result in allergic reactions, and injection of free PEG effectively suppressed allergic reactions to PL, including in previously PL-sensitized swine. These results strongly support the further investigation of free PEG for reducing APA and allergic responses to PEGylated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Shen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zhongbo Li
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alice Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Carlos Cruz-Teran
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anne Talkington
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Steven T Shipley
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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16
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Abdelgawad HAH, Foster R, Otto M. Nothing short of a revolution: Novel extended half-life factor VIII replacement products and non-replacement agents reshape the treatment landscape in hemophilia A. Blood Rev 2024; 64:101164. [PMID: 38216442 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Hemophilia A, an X-linked genetic disorder, is characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of clotting Factor VIII. The treatment landscape has substantially changed by introducing novel extended half-life factor VIII (EHL-FVIII) replacement therapies such as efanesoctocog Alfa and non-factor replacement therapy such as emicizumab. These agents signal a shift from treatments requiring multiple weekly infusions to advanced therapies with long half-lives, offering superior protection against bleeding and improving patient adherence and quality of life. While EHL-FVIII treatment might lead to inhibitor development in some patients, non-factor replacement therapy carries thrombotic risks. Therefore, ongoing research and the generation of robust clinical evidence remain vital to guide the selection of optimal and cost-effective first-line therapies for hemophilia A patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussien Ahmed H Abdelgawad
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Rachel Foster
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mario Otto
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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17
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Slezak A, Chang K, Hossainy S, Mansurov A, Rowan SJ, Hubbell JA, Guler MO. Therapeutic synthetic and natural materials for immunoengineering. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1789-1822. [PMID: 38170619 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00805c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunoengineering is a rapidly evolving field that has been driving innovations in manipulating immune system for new treatment tools and methods. The need for materials for immunoengineering applications has gained significant attention in recent years due to the growing demand for effective therapies that can target and regulate the immune system. Biologics and biomaterials are emerging as promising tools for controlling immune responses, and a wide variety of materials, including proteins, polymers, nanoparticles, and hydrogels, are being developed for this purpose. In this review article, we explore the different types of materials used in immunoengineering applications, their properties and design principles, and highlight the latest therapeutic materials advancements. Recent works in adjuvants, vaccines, immune tolerance, immunotherapy, and tissue models for immunoengineering studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Slezak
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Kevin Chang
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Samir Hossainy
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Aslan Mansurov
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Stuart J Rowan
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hubbell
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Mustafa O Guler
- The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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18
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Chan WJ, Li H. Recent advances in nano/micro systems for improved circulation stability, enhanced tumor targeting, penetration, and intracellular drug delivery: a review. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:022001. [PMID: 38086099 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad14f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively developed as drug carriers to overcome the limitations of cancer therapeutics. However, there are several biological barriers to nanomedicines, which include the lack of stability in circulation, limited target specificity, low penetration into tumors and insufficient cellular uptake, restricting the active targeting toward tumors of nanomedicines. To address these challenges, a variety of promising strategies were developed recently, as they can be designed to improve NP accumulation and penetration in tumor tissues, circulation stability, tumor targeting, and intracellular uptake. In this Review, we summarized nanomaterials developed in recent three years that could be utilized to improve drug delivery for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States of America
| | - Huatian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States of America
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19
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Gao Y, Joshi M, Zhao Z, Mitragotri S. PEGylated therapeutics in the clinic. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10600. [PMID: 38193121 PMCID: PMC10771556 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to therapeutic agents, termed PEGylation, is a well-established and clinically proven drug delivery approach to improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. Specifically, PEGylation can improve the parent drug's solubility, extend its circulation time, and reduce its immunogenicity, with minimal undesirable properties. PEGylation technology has been applied to various therapeutic modalities including small molecules, aptamers, peptides, and proteins, leading to over 30 PEGylated drugs currently used in the clinic and many investigational PEGylated agents under clinical trials. Here, we summarize the diverse types of PEGylation strategies, the key advantages of PEGylated therapeutics over their parent drugs, and the broad applications and impacts of PEGylation in clinical settings. A particular focus has been given to the size, topology, and functionalities of PEG molecules utilized in clinically used PEGylated drugs, as well as those under clinical trials. An additional section has been dedicated to analyzing some representative PEGylated drugs that were discontinued at different stages of clinical studies. Finally, we critically discuss the current challenges faced in the development and clinical translation of PEGylated agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Gao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard UniversityAllstonMassachusettsUSA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Present address:
Department of BioengineeringThe University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTXUSA
| | - Maithili Joshi
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard UniversityAllstonMassachusettsUSA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard UniversityAllstonMassachusettsUSA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
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20
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Rahban M, Ahmad F, Piatyszek MA, Haertlé T, Saso L, Saboury AA. Stabilization challenges and aggregation in protein-based therapeutics in the pharmaceutical industry. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35947-35963. [PMID: 38090079 PMCID: PMC10711991 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06476j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics have revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry and become vital components in the development of future therapeutics. They offer several advantages over traditional small molecule drugs, including high affinity, potency and specificity, while demonstrating low toxicity and minimal adverse effects. However, the development and manufacturing processes of protein-based therapeutics presents challenges related to protein folding, purification, stability and immunogenicity that should be addressed. These proteins, like other biological molecules, are prone to chemical and physical instabilities. The stability of protein-based drugs throughout the entire manufacturing, storage and delivery process is essential. The occurrence of structural instability resulting from misfolding, unfolding, and modifications, as well as aggregation, poses a significant risk to the efficacy of these drugs, overshadowing their promising attributes. Gaining insight into structural alterations caused by aggregation and their impact on immunogenicity is vital for the advancement and refinement of protein therapeutics. Hence, in this review, we have discussed some features of protein aggregation during production, formulation and storage as well as stabilization strategies in protein engineering and computational methods to prevent aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdie Rahban
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
| | | | | | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University Rome Italy
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran Tehran 1417614335 Iran +9821 66404680 +9821 66956984
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21
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Chen P, Paraiso WKD, Cabral H. Revitalizing Cytokine-Based Cancer Immunotherapy through Advanced Delivery Systems. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300275. [PMID: 37565723 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines can coordinate robust immune responses, holding great promise as therapeutics against infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. In cancer treatment, numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines have displayed promising efficacy in preclinical studies. However, their clinical application is hindered by poor pharmacokinetics, significant toxicity and unsatisfactory anticancer efficacy. Thus, while IFN-α and IL-2 are approved for specific cancer treatments, other cytokines still remain subject of intense investigation. To accelerate the application of cytokines as cancer immunotherapeutics, strategies need to be directed to improve their safety and anticancer performance. In this regard, delivery systems could be used to generate innovative therapies by targeting the cytokines or nucleic acids, such as DNA and mRNA, encoding the cytokines to tumor tissues. This review centers on these innovative delivery strategies for cytokines, summarizing key approaches, such as gene delivery and protein delivery, and critically examining their potential and challenges for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwen Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | | | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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22
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Kaymaz SV, Nobar HM, Sarıgül H, Soylukan C, Akyüz L, Yüce M. Nanomaterial surface modification toolkit: Principles, components, recipes, and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 322:103035. [PMID: 37931382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface-functionalized nanostructures are at the forefront of biotechnology, providing new opportunities for biosensors, drug delivery, therapy, and bioimaging applications. The modification of nanostructures significantly impacts the performance and success of various applications by enabling selective and precise targeting. This review elucidates widely practiced surface modification strategies, including click chemistry, cross-coupling, silanization, aldehyde linkers, active ester chemistry, maleimide chemistry, epoxy linkers, and other protein and DNA-based methodologies. We also delve into the application-focused landscape of the nano-bio interface, emphasizing four key domains: therapeutics, biosensing, environmental monitoring, and point-of-care technologies, by highlighting prominent studies. The insights presented herein pave the way for further innovations at the intersection of nanotechnology and biotechnology, providing a useful handbook for beginners and professionals. The review draws on various sources, including the latest research articles (2018-2023), to provide a comprehensive overview of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyra Vural Kaymaz
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey; SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | - Hasan Sarıgül
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Caner Soylukan
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Lalehan Akyüz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aksaray University, 68100 Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüce
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
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23
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Pronin AS, Pozmogova TN, Vorotnikov YA, Vavilov GD, Ivanov AA, Yanshole VV, Tsygankova AR, Gusel’nikova TY, Mironov YV, Shestopalov MA. PEGylation of Terminal Ligands as a Route to Decrease the Toxicity of Radiocontrast Re 6-Clusters. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16569. [PMID: 38068892 PMCID: PMC10706756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel radiocontrast agents, mainly used for the visualization of blood vessels, is still an emerging task due to the variety of side effects of conventional X-ray contrast media. Recently, we have shown that octahedral chalcogenide rhenium clusters with phosphine ligands-Na2H14[{Re6Q8}(P(C2H4COO)3)6] (Q = S, Se)-can be considered as promising X-ray contrast agents if their relatively high toxicity related to the high charge of the complexes can be overcome. To address this issue, we propose one of the most widely used methods for tuning the properties of proteins and peptides-PEGylation (PEG is polyethylene glycol). The reaction between the clusters and PEG-400 was carried out in acidic aqueous media and resulted in the binding of up to five carboxylate groups with PEG. The study of cytotoxicity against Hep-2 cells and acute toxicity in mice showed a twofold reduction in toxicity after PEGylation, demonstrating the success of the strategy chosen. Finally, the compound obtained has been used for the visualization of blood vessels of laboratory rats by angiography and computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei S. Pronin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Tatiana N. Pozmogova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Yuri A. Vorotnikov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Georgy D. Vavilov
- National Medical Research Center for Circulation Pathology n.a. Academician E.N. Meshalkin, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, Russia;
| | - Anton A. Ivanov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Vadim V. Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3a Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;
- Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alphiya R. Tsygankova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ya. Gusel’nikova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
- Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Mironov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Michael A. Shestopalov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.P.); (T.N.P.); (A.A.I.); (A.R.T.); (T.Y.G.); (M.A.S.)
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Stepanova M, Nikiforov A, Tennikova T, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Polypeptide-Based Systems: From Synthesis to Application in Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2641. [PMID: 38004619 PMCID: PMC10674432 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic polypeptides are biocompatible and biodegradable macromolecules whose composition and architecture can vary over a wide range. Their unique ability to form secondary structures, as well as different pathways of modification and biofunctionalization due to the diversity of amino acids, provide variation in the physicochemical and biological properties of polypeptide-containing materials. In this review article, we summarize the advances in the synthesis of polypeptides and their copolymers and the application of these systems for drug delivery in the form of (nano)particles or hydrogels. The issues, such as the diversity of polypeptide-containing (nano)particle types, the methods for their preparation and drug loading, as well as the influence of physicochemical characteristics on stability, degradability, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, hemolysis, and immunogenicity of polypeptide-containing nanoparticles and their drug formulations, are comprehensively discussed. Finally, recent advances in the development of certain drug nanoformulations for peptides, proteins, gene delivery, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory systems are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Stepanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Alexey Nikiforov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Tatiana Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskiy pr. 26, Petergof, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.)
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Tiwari P, Yadav K, Shukla RP, Gautam S, Marwaha D, Sharma M, Mishra PR. Surface modification strategies in translocating nano-vesicles across different barriers and the role of bio-vesicles in improving anticancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 363:290-348. [PMID: 37714434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanovesicles and bio-vesicles (BVs) have emerged as promising tools to achieve targeted cancer therapy due to their ability to overcome many of the key challenges currently being faced with conventional chemotherapy. These challenges include the diverse and often complex pathophysiology involving the progression of cancer, as well as the various biological barriers that circumvent therapeutic molecules reaching their target site in optimum concentration. The scientific evidence suggests that surface-functionalized nanovesicles and BVs camouflaged nano-carriers (NCs) both can bypass the established biological barriers and facilitate fourth-generation targeting for the improved regimen of treatment. In this review, we intend to emphasize the role of surface-functionalized nanovesicles and BVs camouflaged NCs through various approaches that lead to an improved internalization to achieve improved and targeted oncotherapy. We have explored various strategies that have been employed to surface-functionalize and biologically modify these vesicles, including the use of biomolecule functionalized target ligands such as peptides, antibodies, and aptamers, as well as the targeting of specific receptors on cancer cells. Further, the utility of BVs, which are made from the membranes of cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), platelets (PLTs) as well as cancer cells also been investigated. Lastly, we have discussed the translational challenges and limitations that these NCs can encounter and still need to be overcome in order to fully realize the potential of nanovesicles and BVs for targeted cancer therapy. The fundamental challenges that currently prevent successful cancer therapy and the necessity of novel delivery systems are in the offing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Tiwari
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Krishna Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ravi Prakash Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Disha Marwaha
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Madhu Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
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Kalinovsky DV, Kholodenko IV, Svirshchevskaya EV, Kibardin AV, Ryazantsev DY, Rozov FN, Larin SS, Deyev SM, Kholodenko RV. Targeting GD2-Positive Tumor Cells by Pegylated scFv Fragment-Drug Conjugates Carrying Maytansinoids DM1 and DM4. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8112-8125. [PMID: 37886955 PMCID: PMC10604934 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomerization of antibody fragments via modification with polyethylene glycol (pegylation) may alter their function and properties, leading to a multivalent interaction of the resulting constructs with the target antigen. In a recent study, we generated pegylated monomers and multimers of scFv fragments of GD2-specific antibodies using maleimide-thiol chemistry. Multimerization enhanced the antigen-binding properties and demonstrated a more efficient tumor uptake in a syngeneic GD2-positive mouse cancer model compared to monomeric antibody fragments, thereby providing a rationale for improving the therapeutic characteristics of GD2-specific antibody fragments. In this work, we obtained pegylated conjugates of scFv fragments of GD2-specific antibodies with maytansinoids DM1 or DM4 using tetravalent PEG-maleimide (PEG4). The protein products from the two-stage thiol-maleimide reaction resolved by gel electrophoresis indicated that pegylated scFv fragments constituted the predominant part of the protein bands, and most of the scFv formed pegylated monomers and dimers. The conjugates retained the ability to bind ganglioside GD2 comparable to that of the parental scFv fragment and to specifically interact with GD2-positive cells. Both induced significant inhibitory effects in the GD2-positive B78-D14 cell line, in contrast to the GD2-negative B16 cell line. The decrease in the B78-D14 cell viability when treated with scFv-PEG4-DM4 was more prominent than that for scFv-PEG4-DM1, and was characterized by a twofold lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Unlike the parental scFv fragment, the product of scFv and PEG4 conjugation (scFv-PEG4), consisting predominantly of pegylated scFv multimers and monomers, induced direct cell death in the GD2-positive B78-D14 cells. However, the potency of scFv-PEG4 was low in the selected concentration range, thus demonstrating that the cytotoxic effect of DM1 and DM4 within the antibody fragment-drug conjugates was primary. The suggested approach may contribute to development of novel configurations of antibody fragment-drug conjugates for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. Kalinovsky
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.V.K.); (E.V.S.); (D.Y.R.); (F.N.R.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Irina V. Kholodenko
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10, Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Elena V. Svirshchevskaya
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.V.K.); (E.V.S.); (D.Y.R.); (F.N.R.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Alexey V. Kibardin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, D. Rogachev Federal Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1, Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Dmitry Yu. Ryazantsev
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.V.K.); (E.V.S.); (D.Y.R.); (F.N.R.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Fedor N. Rozov
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.V.K.); (E.V.S.); (D.Y.R.); (F.N.R.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Sergey S. Larin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, D. Rogachev Federal Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1, Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Sergey M. Deyev
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.V.K.); (E.V.S.); (D.Y.R.); (F.N.R.); (S.M.D.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Theranostics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119992, Russia
- “Biomarker” Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Roman V. Kholodenko
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.V.K.); (E.V.S.); (D.Y.R.); (F.N.R.); (S.M.D.)
- Real Target LLC, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Nhàn NTT, Yamada T, Yamada KH. Peptide-Based Agents for Cancer Treatment: Current Applications and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12931. [PMID: 37629112 PMCID: PMC10454368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based strategies have received an enormous amount of attention because of their specificity and applicability. Their specificity and tumor-targeting ability are applied to diagnosis and treatment for cancer patients. In this review, we will summarize recent advancements and future perspectives on peptide-based strategies for cancer treatment. The literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles for peptide-based strategies for cancer treatment. It was performed using PubMed for articles in English until June 2023. Information on clinical trials was also obtained from ClinicalTrial.gov. Given that peptide-based strategies have several advantages such as targeted delivery to the diseased area, personalized designs, relatively small sizes, and simple production process, bioactive peptides having anti-cancer activities (anti-cancer peptides or ACPs) have been tested in pre-clinical settings and clinical trials. The capability of peptides for tumor targeting is essentially useful for peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs), diagnosis, and image-guided surgery. Immunomodulation with peptide vaccines has been extensively tested in clinical trials. Despite such advantages, FDA-approved peptide agents for solid cancer are still limited. This review will provide a detailed overview of current approaches, design strategies, routes of administration, and new technological advancements. We will highlight the success and limitations of peptide-based therapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyễn Thị Thanh Nhàn
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Tohru Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Richard & Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois College of Engineering, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Kaori H. Yamada
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Deng B, Burns E, McNelles SA, Sun J, Ortega J, Adronov A. Molecular Sieving with PEGylated Dendron-Protein Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1467-1476. [PMID: 37499133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of generation 3-5 dendrons based on a bis(2,2-hydroxymethylpropionic acid) (bis-MPA) scaffold bearing three respective lengths of linear poly(ethylene glycol) at their periphery and a dibenzocyclooctyne unit at their core was prepared. These dendrons were appended to the surface of azide-decorated α-chymotrypsin (α-CT) via strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition to yield a library of dendron-protein conjugates. These conjugates were characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy and were imaged using cryo-electron microscopy. The activity of the PEGylated α-CT-dendron conjugates was investigated using a small molecule (benzoyl-l-tyrosine p-nitroanilide) as well as different proteins of different sizes and crystallinities (casein and bovine serum albumin) as substrates. It was found that the activity of the conjugates toward the small molecule was largely retained, while the activity toward the proteins was significantly diminished. Furthermore, the results indicate that for most of the conjugates the PEG length had a more pronounced impact on enzyme activity than the dendron generation. Overall, the highest sieving ratios were found for α-CT-dendron conjugates decorated with G3-PEG2000, G4-PEG2000, and G5-PEG1000, with the latter two structures offering the best combination of sieving ratio and small molecule activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Evan Burns
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Stuart A McNelles
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
- Centre for Structural Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Joaquin Ortega
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
- Centre for Structural Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Alex Adronov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
- Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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Dunn B, Hanafi M, Hummel J, Cressman JR, Veneziano R, Chitnis PV. NIR-II Nanoprobes: A Review of Components-Based Approaches to Next-Generation Bioimaging Probes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:954. [PMID: 37627839 PMCID: PMC10451329 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging techniques offer valuable insights into cell- and tissue-level processes. However, these optical imaging modalities are limited by scattering and absorption in tissue, resulting in the low-depth penetration of imaging. Contrast-enhanced imaging in the near-infrared window improves imaging penetration by taking advantage of reduced autofluorescence and scattering effects. Current contrast agents for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging face several limitations from photostability and targeting specificity, highlighting the need for a novel imaging probe development. This review covers a broad range of near-infrared fluorescent and photoacoustic contrast agents, including organic dyes, polymers, and metallic nanostructures, focusing on their optical properties and applications in cellular and animal imaging. Similarly, we explore encapsulation and functionalization technologies toward building targeted, nanoscale imaging probes. Bioimaging applications such as angiography, tumor imaging, and the tracking of specific cell types are discussed. This review sheds light on recent advancements in fluorescent and photoacoustic nanoprobes in the near-infrared window. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers working in fields of biomedical imaging and nanotechnology, facilitating the development of innovative nanoprobes for improved diagnostic approaches in preclinical healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Dunn
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA (R.V.)
| | - Marzieh Hanafi
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA (R.V.)
| | - John Hummel
- Department of Physics, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - John R. Cressman
- Department of Physics, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Rémi Veneziano
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA (R.V.)
| | - Parag V. Chitnis
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA (R.V.)
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30
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Lee HJ, Tomasini-Johansson BR, Gupta N, Kwon GS. Fibronectin-targeted FUD and PEGylated FUD peptides for fibrotic diseases. J Control Release 2023; 360:69-81. [PMID: 37315694 PMCID: PMC10527082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. Fibronectin (FN) is a glycoprotein found in the blood and tissues, a key player in the assembly of ECM through interaction with cellular and extracellular components. Functional Upstream Domain (FUD), a peptide derived from an adhesin protein of bacteria, has a high binding affinity for the N-terminal 70-kDa domain of FN that plays a crucial role in FN polymerization. In this regard, FUD peptide has been characterized as a potent inhibitor of FN matrix assembly, reducing excessive ECM accumulation. Furthermore, PEGylated FUD was developed to prevent rapid elimination of FUD and enhance its systemic exposure in vivo. Herein, we summarize the development of FUD peptide as a potential anti-fibrotic agent and its application in experimental fibrotic diseases. In addition, we discuss how modification of the FUD peptide via PEGylation impacts pharmacokinetic profiles of the FUD peptide and can potentially contribute to anti-fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Bianca R Tomasini-Johansson
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, WIMRII, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nikesh Gupta
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Glen S Kwon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Tyagi P, Harper G, McGeehan P, Davis SP. Current status and prospect for future advancements of long-acting antibody formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:895-903. [PMID: 37249542 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2219445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biologics, especially monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), have become a major class of therapeutics in recent years addressing the needs of millions of patients and becoming one of the best-selling treatments in the pharmaceutical market. A wide range of multifaceted chronic diseases have benefitted from antibody therapeutics. Long-term treatment for chronic diseases with mAb therapies can mean a lifetime of frequent injections. Technologies that can minimize the total number of injections present meaningful value to patients and the companies that develop them. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the challenges encountered during the development of long-acting versions of mAbs. The focus will be on questions addressed during drug product development, delivery device selection, business implications, and understanding the market potential of long-acting presentations. EXPERT OPINION Long-acting drug delivery systems have reached the market for small molecules and peptides. However, these drug delivery systems, and their development lessons, cannot be extrapolated directly to antibodies. We must develop new delivery technologies suitable for biologics, identify critical attributes to capture dynamic changes in proteins during the encapsulation process, and develop analytical processes to evaluate long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Tyagi
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Garrett Harper
- Insights & Analytics, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Shawn P Davis
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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Tzoumas N, Riding G, Williams MA, Steel DH. Complement inhibitors for age-related macular degeneration. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 6:CD009300. [PMID: 37314061 PMCID: PMC10266126 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009300.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye disease and leading cause of sight loss worldwide. Despite its high prevalence and increasing incidence as populations age, AMD remains incurable and there are no treatments for most patients. Mounting genetic and molecular evidence implicates complement system overactivity as a key driver of AMD development and progression. The last decade has seen the development of several novel therapeutics targeting complement in the eye for the treatment of AMD. This review update encompasses the results of the first randomised controlled trials in this field. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects and safety of complement inhibitors in the prevention or treatment of AMD. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL on the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science, ISRCTN registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO ICTRP to 29 June 2022 with no language restrictions. We also contacted companies running clinical trials for unpublished data. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with parallel groups and comparator arms that studied complement inhibition for advanced AMD prevention/treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed search results and resolved discrepancies through discussion. Outcome measures evaluated at one year included change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), untransformed and square root-transformed geographic atrophy (GA) lesion size progression, development of macular neovascularisation (MNV) or exudative AMD, development of endophthalmitis, loss of ≥ 15 letters of BCVA, change in low luminance visual acuity, and change in quality of life. We assessed risk of bias and evidence certainty using Cochrane risk of bias and GRADE tools. MAIN RESULTS Ten RCTs with 4052 participants and eyes with GA were included. Nine evaluated intravitreal (IVT) administrations against sham, and one investigated an intravenous agent against placebo. Seven studies excluded patients with prior MNV in the non-study eye, whereas the three pegcetacoplan studies did not. The risk of bias in the included studies was low overall. We also synthesised results of two intravitreal agents (lampalizumab, pegcetacoplan) at monthly and every-other-month (EOM) dosing intervals. Efficacy and safety of IVT lampalizumab versus sham for GA For 1932 participants in three studies, lampalizumab did not meaningfully change BCVA given monthly (+1.03 letters, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.19 to 2.25) or EOM (+0.22 letters, 95% CI -1.00 to 1.44) (high-certainty evidence). For 1920 participants, lampalizumab did not meaningfully change GA lesion growth given monthly (+0.07 mm², 95% CI -0.09 to 0.23; moderate-certainty due to imprecision) or EOM (+0.07 mm², 95% CI -0.05 to 0.19; high-certainty). For 2000 participants, lampalizumab may have also increased MNV risk given monthly (RR 1.77, 95% CI 0.73 to 4.30) and EOM (RR 1.70, 95% CI 0.67 to 4.28), based on low-certainty evidence. The incidence of endophthalmitis in patients treated with monthly and EOM lampalizumab was 4 per 1000 (0 to 87) and 3 per 1000 (0 to 62), respectively, based on moderate-certainty evidence. Efficacy and safety of IVT pegcetacoplan versus sham for GA For 242 participants in one study, pegcetacoplan probably did not meaningfully change BCVA given monthly (+1.05 letters, 95% CI -2.71 to 4.81) or EOM (-1.42 letters, 95% CI -5.25 to 2.41), as supported by moderate-certainty evidence. In contrast, for 1208 participants across three studies, pegcetacoplan meaningfully reduced GA lesion growth when given monthly (-0.38 mm², 95% CI -0.57 to -0.19) and EOM (-0.29 mm², 95% CI -0.44 to -0.13), with high certainty. These reductions correspond to 19.2% and 14.8% versus sham, respectively. A post hoc analysis showed possibly greater benefits in 446 participants with extrafoveal GA given monthly (-0.67 mm², 95% CI -0.98 to -0.36) and EOM (-0.60 mm², 95% CI -0.91 to -0.30), representing 26.1% and 23.3% reductions, respectively. However, we did not have data on subfoveal GA growth to undertake a formal subgroup analysis. In 1502 participants, there is low-certainty evidence that pegcetacoplan may have increased MNV risk when given monthly (RR 4.47, 95% CI 0.41 to 48.98) or EOM (RR 2.29, 95% CI 0.46 to 11.35). The incidence of endophthalmitis in patients treated with monthly and EOM pegcetacoplan was 6 per 1000 (1 to 53) and 8 per 1000 (1 to 70) respectively, based on moderate-certainty evidence. Efficacy and safety of IVT avacincaptad pegol versus sham for GA In a study of 260 participants with extrafoveal or juxtafoveal GA, monthly avacincaptad pegol probably did not result in a clinically meaningful change in BCVA at 2 mg (+1.39 letters, 95% CI -5.89 to 8.67) or 4 mg (-0.28 letters, 95% CI -8.74 to 8.18), based on moderate-certainty evidence. Despite this, the drug was still found to have probably reduced GA lesion growth, with estimates of 30.5% reduction at 2 mg (-0.70 mm², 95% CI -1.99 to 0.59) and 25.6% reduction at 4 mg (-0.71 mm², 95% CI -1.92 to 0.51), based on moderate-certainty evidence. Avacincaptad pegol may have also increased the risk of developing MNV (RR 3.13, 95% CI 0.93 to 10.55), although this evidence is of low certainty. There were no cases of endophthalmitis reported in this study. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Despite confirmation of the negative findings of intravitreal lampalizumab across all endpoints, local complement inhibition with intravitreal pegcetacoplan meaningfully reduces GA lesion growth relative to sham at one year. Inhibition of complement C5 with intravitreal avacincaptad pegol is also an emerging therapy with probable benefits on anatomical endpoints in the extrafoveal or juxtafoveal GA population. However, there is currently no evidence that complement inhibition with any agent improves functional endpoints in advanced AMD; further results from the phase 3 studies of pegcetacoplan and avacincaptad pegol are eagerly awaited. Progression to MNV or exudative AMD is a possible emergent adverse event of complement inhibition, requiring careful consideration should these agents be used clinically. Intravitreal administration of complement inhibitors is probably associated with a small risk of endophthalmitis, which may be higher than that of other intravitreal therapies. Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimates of adverse effects and may change these. The optimal dosing regimens, treatment duration, and cost-effectiveness of such therapies are yet to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Tzoumas
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, UK
| | - George Riding
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael A Williams
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David Hw Steel
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, UK
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Xu Z, Zhang X, Dong W, lv H, Zuo L, Zhu L, Wang R, Ma X. Self-assembling and pH-responsive protein nanoparticle as potential platform for targeted tumor therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1172100. [PMID: 37234918 PMCID: PMC10206137 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1172100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent injections at high concentrations are often required for many therapeutic proteins due to their short in vivo half-life, which usually leads to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes, adverse side effects, high cost, and poor patient compliance. Herein we report a supramolecular strategy, self-assembling and pH regulated fusion protein to extend the in vivo half-life and tumor targeting ability of a therapeutically important protein trichosanthin (TCS). TCS was genetically fused to the N-terminus of a self-assembling protein, Sup35p prion domain (Sup35), to form a fusion protein of TCS-Sup35 that self-assembled into uniform spherical TCS-Sup35 nanoparticles (TCS-Sup35 NP) rather than classic nanofibrils. Importantly, due to the pH response ability, TCS-Sup35 NP well retained the bioactivity of TCS and possessed a 21.5-fold longer in vivo half-life than native TCS in a mouse model. As a result, in a tumor-bearing mouse model, TCS-Sup35 NP exhibited significantly improved tumor accumulation and antitumor activity without detectable systemic toxicity as compared with native TCS. These findings suggest that self-assembling and pH responding protein fusion may provide a new, simple, general, and effective solution to remarkably improve the pharmacological performance of therapeutic proteins with short circulation half-lives.
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Crabtree A, Boehnke N, Bates F, Hackel B. Consequences of poly(ethylene oxide) and poloxamer P188 on transcription in healthy and stressed myoblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219885120. [PMID: 37094151 PMCID: PMC10161009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219885120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poloxamers, a class of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymers, have many personal and medical care applications, including the stabilization of stressed cellular membranes. Despite the widespread use, the cellular transcriptional response to these molecules is relatively unknown. C2C12 myoblasts, a model muscle cell, were subjected to short-term Poloxamer 188 (P188) and PEO181 (8,000 g/mol) treatment in culture. RNA was extracted and sequenced to quantify transcriptomic impact. The addition of moderate concentrations (14 µM) of either polymer to unstressed cells caused substantial differential gene expression, including at least twofold modulation of 357 and 588 genes, respectively. In addition, evaluation of the transcriptome response to osmotic stress without polymer treatment revealed dramatic change in RNA expression. Interestingly, the addition of polymer to stressed cells-at concentrations that provide physiological protection-did not yield a significant difference in expression of any gene relative to stress alone. Genome-scale expression analysis was corroborated by single-gene quantitative real-time PCR. Changes in protein expression were measured via western blot, which revealed partial alignment with the RNA results. Collectively, the significant changes to expression of multiple genes and resultant protein translation demonstrates an unexpectedly broad biochemical response to these polymers in healthy myoblasts in vitro. Meanwhile, the lack of substantial transcriptional response to polymer treatment in stressed cells highlights the physical nature of that protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelyn A. Crabtree
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Natalie Boehnke
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Benjamin J. Hackel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
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Properties of ACE inhibitory peptides isolated from Sipunculus nudus L and a DSPE-PEG modification for sustained release anti-hypertension agent. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Birkeness LB, Banerjee S, Quadir M, Banerjee SK. The role of CCNs in controlling cellular communication in the tumor microenvironment. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:35-45. [PMID: 35674933 PMCID: PMC10030743 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cellular communication network (CCN) family of growth regulatory factors comprises six secreted matricellular proteins that promote signal transduction through cell-cell or cell-matrix interaction. The diversity of functionality between each protein is specific to the many aspects of healthy and cancer biology. For example, CCN family proteins modulate cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasiveness, apoptosis, and survival. In addition, the expression of each protein regulates many biological and pathobiological processes within its microenvironment to regulate angiogenesis, inflammatory response, chondrogenesis, fibrosis, and mitochondrial integrity. The collective range of CCN operation remains fully comprehended; however, understanding each protein's microenvironment may draw more conclusions about the abundance of interactions and signaling cascades occurring within such issues. This review observes and distinguishes the various roles a CCN protein may execute within distinct tumor microenvironments and the biological associations among them. Finally. We also review how CCN-family proteins can be used in nano-based therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Birkeness
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Blvd, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Snigdha Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Blvd, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA
| | - Mohiuddin Quadir
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Sushanta K Banerjee
- Cancer Research Unit, Research Division, VA Medical Center, 4801 Linwood Blvd, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66106, USA.
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37
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Lee MF, Poh CL. Strategies to improve the physicochemical properties of peptide-based drugs. Pharm Res 2023; 40:617-632. [PMID: 36869247 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Peptides are a rapid-growing class of therapeutics with unique and desirable physicochemical properties. Due to disadvantages such as low membrane permeability and susceptibility to proteolytic degradation, peptide-based drugs have limited bioavailability, a short half-life, and rapid in vivo elimination. Various strategies can be applied to improve the physicochemical properties of peptide-based drugs to overcome limitations such as limited tissue residence time, metabolic instability, and low permeability. Applied strategies including backbone modifications, side chain modifications, conjugation with polymers, modification of peptide termini, fusion to albumin, conjugation with the Fc portion of antibodies, cyclization, stapled peptides, pseudopeptides, cell-penetrating peptide conjugates, conjugation with lipids, and encapsulation in nanocarriers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Felicia Lee
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 5, Jalan Universiti, Selangor 47500, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 5, Jalan Universiti, Selangor 47500, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
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38
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Liang X, Kong Y, Sun H, Zhao R, Jiao L, Zhang W, Liu B. Study on the Interaction Mechanism of Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol Maleimide with Sweet Potato β-Amylase. Molecules 2023; 28:2188. [PMID: 36903434 PMCID: PMC10005407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, sweet potato β-amylase (SPA) was modified by methoxy polyethylene glycol maleimide (molecular weight 5000, Mal-mPEG5000) to obtain the Mal-mPEG5000-SPA modified β-amylase and the interaction mechanism between SPA and Mal-mPEG5000 was investigated. the changes in the functional groups of different amide bands and modifications in the secondary structure of enzyme protein were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The addition of Mal-mPEG5000 transformed the random curl in the SPA secondary structure into a helix structure, forming a folded structure. The Mal-mPEG5000 improved the thermal stability of SPA and protected the structure of the protein from breaking by the surrounding. The thermodynamic analysis further implied that the intermolecular forces between SPA and Mal-mPEG5000 were hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds due to the positive values of ΔHθ and ΔSθ. Furthermore, the calorie titration data showed that the binding stoichiometry for the complexation of Mal-mPEG5000 to SPA was 1.26, and the binding constant was 1.256 × 107 mol/L. The binding reaction resulted from negative enthalpy, indicating that the interaction of SPA and Mal-mPEG5000 was induced by the van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding. The UV results showed the formation of non-luminescent material during the interaction, the Fluorescence results confirmed that the mechanism between SPA and Mal-mPEG5000 was static quenching. According to the fluorescence quenching measurement, the binding constant (KA) values were 4.65 × 104 L·mol-1 (298K), 5.56 × 104 L·mol-1 (308K), and 6.91 × 104 L·mol-1 (318K), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhong Liang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Food Science, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yaxin Kong
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Food Science, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Huadi Sun
- Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, School of Food Engineering, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ruixiang Zhao
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Food Science, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Lingxia Jiao
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Food Science, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Food Science, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, School of Food Engineering, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Duong VA, Nguyen TTL, Maeng HJ. Recent Advances in Intranasal Liposomes for Drug, Gene, and Vaccine Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:207. [PMID: 36678838 PMCID: PMC9865923 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are safe, biocompatible, and biodegradable spherical nanosized vesicles produced from cholesterol and phospholipids. Recently, liposomes have been widely administered intranasally for systemic and brain delivery. From the nasal cavity, liposome-encapsulated drugs and genes enter the systemic circulation primarily via absorption in the respiratory region, whereas they can be directly transported to the brain via the olfactory pathway. Liposomes can protect drugs and genes from enzymatic degradation, increase drug absorption across the nasal epithelium, and prolong the residence time in the nasal cavity. Intranasal liposomes are also a potential approach for vaccine delivery. Liposomes can be used as a platform to load antigens and as vaccine adjuvants to induce a robust immune response. With the recent interest in intranasal liposome formulations, this review discusses various aspects of liposomes that make them suitable for intranasal administration. We have summarized the latest advancements and applications of liposomes and evaluated their performance in the systemic and brain delivery of drugs and genes administered intranasally. We have also reviewed recent advances in intranasal liposome vaccine development and proposed perspectives on the future of intranasal liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thi-Thao-Linh Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Joo Maeng
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Luan X, Kong H, He P, Yang G, Zhu D, Guo L, Wei G. Self-Assembled Peptide-Based Nanodrugs: Molecular Design, Synthesis, Functionalization, and Targeted Tumor Bioimaging and Biotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205787. [PMID: 36440657 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials as nanodrugs based on the self-assembly of inorganics, polymers, and biomolecules have showed wide applications in biomedicine and tissue engineering. Ascribing to the unique biological, chemical, and physical properties of peptide molecules, peptide is used as an excellent precursor material for the synthesis of functional nanodrugs for highly effective cancer therapy. Herein, recent progress on the design, synthesis, functional regulation, and cancer bioimaging and biotherapy of peptide-based nanodrugs is summarized. For this aim, first molecular design and controllable synthesis of peptide nanodrugs with 0D to 3D structures are presented, and then the functional customization strategies for peptide nanodrugs are presented. Then, the applications of peptide-based nanodrugs in bioimaging, chemotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are demonstrated and discussed in detail. Furthermore, peptide-based drugs in preclinical, clinical trials, and approved are briefly described. Finally, the challenges and potential solutions are pointed out on addressing the questions of this promising research topic. This comprehensive review can guide the motif design and functional regulation of peptide nanomaterials for facile synthesis of nanodrugs, and further promote their practical applications for diagnostics and therapy of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hao Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Guozheng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Danzhu Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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41
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Golan T, Raitses-Gurevich M, Beller T, Carroll J, Brody JR. Strategies for the Management of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer with PARP Inhibitors. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 186:125-142. [PMID: 37978134 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30065-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A subset of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC) harbor mutations that are exploitable in the context of DNA-damage response and repair (DDR) inhibitory strategies. Between 8-18% of PDACs harbor specific mutations in the DDR pathway such as BRCA1/2 mutations, and a higher prevalence exists in high-risk populations (e.g., Ashkenazi Jews). Herein, we will review the current trials and data on the treatment of PDAC patients who harbor such mutations and who appear sensitive to platinum and/or poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) based therapies due to a concept known as synthetic lethality. Although this current best-in-class precision treatment shows clinical promise, the specter of resistance limits the extent of therapeutic responses. We therefore also evaluate promising pre-clinical and clinical approaches in the pipeline that may either work with existing therapies to break resistance or work separately with combination therapies against this subset of PDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Golan
- Cancer Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Maria Raitses-Gurevich
- Cancer Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Beller
- Cancer Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - James Carroll
- Department of Surgery, Brenden Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brody
- Department of Surgery, Brenden Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Díaz-Hernández M, Chang-Calderón J, Álvarez MA, Ramírez IR, Saez OLF, Medinilla AL, Castillo CYG, Borges CD, Chang SLL, León K, Carmenate T. PEGylation Strategy for Improving the Pharmacokinetic and Antitumoral Activity of the IL-2 No-alpha Mutein. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3579-3588. [PMID: 38083887 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128279062231204110410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous work, an IL-2Rβγ biased mutant derived from human IL-2 and called IL-2noα, was designed and developed. Greater antitumor effects and lower toxicity were observed compared to native IL-2. Nevertheless, mutein has some disadvantages, such as a very short half-life of about 9-12 min, propensity for aggregation, and solubility problems. OBJECTIVE In this study, PEGylation was employed to improve the pharmacokinetic and antitumoral properties of the novel protein. METHODS Pegylated IL-2noα was characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo cell expansion bioassays, and pharmacokinetic and antitumor studies. RESULTS IL-2noα-conjugates with polyethylene glycol (PEG) of 1.2 kDa, 20 kDa, and 40 kDa were obtained by classical acylation. No significant changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of the modified protein were detected. A decrease in biological activity in vitro and a significant improvement in half-life were observed, especially for IL-2noα-PEG20K. PEGylation of IL-2noα with PEG20K did not affect the capacity of the mutant to induce preferential expansion of T effector cells over Treg cells. This pegylated IL-2noα exhibited a higher antimetastatic effect compared to unmodified IL-2noα in the B16F0 experimental metastases model, even when administered at lower doses and less frequently. CONCLUSION PEG20K was selected as the best modification strategy, to improve the blood circulation time of the IL-2noα with a superior antimetastatic effect achieved with lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janoi Chang-Calderón
- Department of Immune-regulation, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
| | - Miguel Angel Álvarez
- Department of Immune-regulation, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
| | - Ingrid Ruiz Ramírez
- Department of Quality Control, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Diaz Borges
- Department of Immune-regulation, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
| | - Sum Lai Lozada Chang
- Department of Product Development, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
| | - Kalet León
- Department of Research, Development and Bussines Direction, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
| | - Tania Carmenate
- Department of Immune-regulation, Center of Molecular Immunology (Cuba), Havana, Cuba
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Sun T, Li C, Li X, Song H, Su B, You H, Zhang T, Jiang C. Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Enhanced Therapeutic Effect of Optimized Melittin-dKLA, a Peptide Agent Targeting M2-like Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415751. [PMID: 36555393 PMCID: PMC9779714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a high possibility of metastasis. M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the main components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a key role in TNBC metastasis. Therefore, TAMs may be a potential target for reducing TNBC metastasis. Melittin-dKLA, a peptide composed of fused melittin and pro-apoptotic peptide d(KLAKLAK)2 (dKLA), showed a potent therapeutic effect against cancers by depleting TAMs. However, melittin has a strong adverse hemolytic effect. Hence, we attempted to improve the therapeutic potential of melittin-dKLA by reducing toxicity and increasing stability. Nine truncated melittin fragments were synthesized and examined. Of the nine peptides, the melittin-dKLA8-26 showed the best binding properties to M2 macrophages and discriminated M0/M1/M2. All fragments, except melittin, lost their hemolytic effects. To increase the stability of the peptide, melittin-dKLA8-26 fragment was conjugated with PEGylation at the amino terminus and was named PEG-melittin-dKLA8-26. This final drug candidate was assessed in vivo in a murine TNBC model and showed superior effects on tumor growth, survival rates, and lung metastasis compared with the previously used melittin-dKLA. Taken together, our study showed that the novel PEG-melittin-dKLA8-26 possesses potential as a new drug for treating TNBC and TNBC-mediated metastasis by targeting TAMs.
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Selvaskandan H, Gonzalez-Martin G, Barratt J, Cheung CK. IgA nephropathy: an overview of drug treatments in clinical trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:1321-1338. [PMID: 36588457 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2160315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and may progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within a 10-20 year period. Its slowly progressive course has made clinical trials challenging to perform, however the acceptance of proteinuria reduction as a surrogate end point has significantly improved the feasibility of conducting clinical trials in IgAN, with several novel and repurposed therapies currently undergoing assessment. Already, interim results are demonstrating value to some of these, offering great hope to those with IgAN. AREAS COVERED This review explores the rationale, candidates, clinical precedents, and trial status of therapies that are currently or have recently been evaluated for efficacy in IgAN. All IgAN trials registered with the U.S. National Library of Medicine; ClinicalTrials.gov were reviewed. EXPERT OPINION For the first time, effective treatment options beyond supportive care are becoming available for those with IgAN. This is the culmination of commendable international efforts and signifies a new era for those with IgAN. As more therapies become available, future challenges will revolve around deciding which treatments are most appropriate for individual patients, which is likely to push IgAN into the realm of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haresh Selvaskandan
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Barratt
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Chee Kay Cheung
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Thambi T, Hong J, Yoon AR, Yun CO. Challenges and progress toward tumor-targeted therapy by systemic delivery of polymer-complexed oncolytic adenoviruses. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1321-1331. [PMID: 35444290 PMCID: PMC9576595 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00469-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenovirus (oAd) elicits antitumor activity by preferential viral replication in cancer cells. However, poor systemic administrability or suboptimal intratumoral retainment of the virus remains a major challenge toward maximizing the antitumor activity of oAd in a clinical environment. To surmount these issues, a variety of non-immunogenic polymers has been used to modify the surface of oAds chemically or physically. Complexation of oAd with polymers can effectively evade the host immune response and reduces nonspecific liver sequestration. The tumor-specific delivery of these complexes can be further improved upon by inclusion of tumor-targeting moieties on the surface. Therefore, modification of the Ad surface using polymers is viewed as a potential strategy to enhance the delivery of Ad via systemic administration. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of polymer-complexed Ads, their progress, and future challenges in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavasyappan Thambi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - JinWoo Hong
- GeneMedicine CO., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Seoul, Korea
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
- GeneMedicine CO., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Seoul, Korea.
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
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47
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Uslu S, Venkatachalapathy S, Rashidian M, Schaefer JV, Plückthun A, Distefano MD. Enzymatic Construction of DARPin-Based Targeted Delivery Systems Using Protein Farnesyltransferase and a Capture and Release Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11537. [PMID: 36232839 PMCID: PMC9569580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-based conjugates have been extensively utilized in various biotechnological and therapeutic applications. In order to prepare homogeneous conjugates, site-specific modification methods and efficient purification strategies are both critical factors to be considered. The development of general and facile conjugation and purification strategies is therefore highly desirable. Here, we apply a capture and release strategy to create protein conjugates based on Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins (DARPins), which are engineered antigen-binding proteins with prominent affinity and selectivity. In this case, DARPins that target the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a diagnostic cell surface marker for many types of cancer, were employed. The DARPins were first genetically modified with a C-terminal CVIA sequence to install an enzyme recognition site and then labeled with an aldehyde functional group employing protein farnesyltransferase. Using a capture and release strategy, conjugation of the labeled DARPins to a TAMRA fluorophore was achieved with either purified proteins or directly from crude E. coli lysate and used in subsequent flow cytometry and confocal imaging analysis. DARPin-MMAE conjugates were also prepared yielding a construct manifesting an IC50 of 1.3 nM for cell killing of EpCAM positive MCF-7 cells. The method described here is broadly applicable to enable the streamlined one-step preparation of protein-based conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Safak Uslu
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonas V. Schaefer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D. Distefano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Zhou L, Emenuga M, Kumar S, Lamantia Z, Figueiredo M, Emrick T. Designing Synthetic Polymers for Nucleic Acid Complexation and Delivery: From Polyplexes to Micelleplexes to Triggered Degradation. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4029-4040. [PMID: 36125365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery as a therapeutic tool continues to advance toward impacting human health, with several gene therapy products receiving FDA approval over the past 5 years. Despite this important progress, the safety and efficacy of gene therapy methodology requires further improvement to ensure that nucleic acid therapeutics reach the desired targets while minimizing adverse effects. Synthetic polymers offer several enticing features as nucleic acid delivery vectors due to their versatile functionalities and architectures and the ability of synthetic chemists to rapidly build large libraries of polymeric candidates equipped for DNA/RNA complexation and transport. Current synthetic designs are pursuing challenging objectives that seek to improve transfection efficiency and, at the same time, mitigate cytotoxicity. This Perspective will describe recent work in polymer-based gene complexation and delivery vectors in which cationic polyelectrolytes are modified synthetically by introduction of additional components─including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and fluorinated units─as well as embedding of degradable linkages within the macromolecular structure. As will be seen, recent advances employing these emerging design strategies are promising with respect to their excellent biocompatibility and transfection capability, suggesting continued promise of synthetic polymer gene delivery vectors going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhou
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Miracle Emenuga
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Shreya Kumar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zachary Lamantia
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Marxa Figueiredo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Majura JJ, Cao W, Chen Z, Htwe KK, Li W, Du R, Zhang P, Zheng H, Gao J. The current research status and strategies employed to modify food-derived bioactive peptides. Front Nutr 2022; 9:950823. [PMID: 36118740 PMCID: PMC9479208 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.950823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of bioactive peptides to exert biological functions has mainly contributed to their exploitation. The exploitation and utilization of these peptides have grown tremendously over the past two decades. Food-derived peptides from sources such as plant, animal, and marine proteins and their byproducts constitute a more significant portion of the naturally-occurring peptides that have been documented. Due to their high specificity and biocompatibility, these peptides serve as a suitable alternative to pharmacological drugs for treating non-communicable diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer). They are helpful as food preservatives, ingredients in functional foods, and dietary supplements in the food sector. Despite their unique features, the application of these peptides in the clinical and food sector is to some extent hindered by their inherent drawbacks such as toxicity, bitterness, instability, and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Several strategies have been employed to eliminate or reduce the disadvantages of peptides, thus enhancing the peptide bioactivity and broadening the opportunities for their applications. This review article focuses on the current research status of various bioactive peptides and the strategies that have been implemented to overcome their disadvantages. It will also highlight future perspectives regarding the possible improvements to be made for the development of bioactive peptides with practical uses and their commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieth Joram Majura
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenhong Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
- National Research and Development Branch Center for Shellfish Processing, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhongqin Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
- National Research and Development Branch Center for Shellfish Processing, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Kyi Kyi Htwe
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ran Du
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huina Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
- National Research and Development Branch Center for Shellfish Processing, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jialong Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang, China
- National Research and Development Branch Center for Shellfish Processing, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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50
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Gutiérrez de la Rosa SY, Muñiz Diaz R, Villalobos Gutiérrez PT, Patakfalvi R, Gutiérrez Coronado Ó. Functionalized Platinum Nanoparticles with Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9404. [PMID: 36012670 PMCID: PMC9409011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized platinum nanoparticles have been of considerable interest in recent research due to their properties and applications, among which they stand out as therapeutic agents. The functionalization of the surfaces of nanoparticles can overcome the limits of medicine by increasing selectivity and thereby reducing the side effects of conventional drugs. With the constant development of nanotechnology in the biomedical field, functionalized platinum nanoparticles have been used to diagnose and treat diseases such as cancer and infections caused by pathogens. This review reports on physical, chemical, and biological methods of obtaining platinum nanoparticles and the advantages and disadvantages of their synthesis. Additionally, applications in the biomedical field that can be utilized once the surfaces of nanoparticles have been functionalized with different bioactive molecules are discussed, among which antibodies, biodegradable polymers, and biomolecules stand out.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Óscar Gutiérrez Coronado
- Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Lagos de Moreno 47460, Jalisco, Mexico
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