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Williams E, Harris LK, Zhang S, Cortés YI. Daily spiritual experiences and allostatic load trajectories: a longitudinal study of midlife African American women. Menopause 2024; 31:530-536. [PMID: 38595203 PMCID: PMC11126357 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between daily spiritual experiences and allostatic load (AL) trajectories in midlife African American women. METHODS A longitudinal analysis of public-use data from 727 African American women in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) was performed. We included African American women who completed the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale at SWAN visit 4 (2000-2001) and had AL data at three or more study visits over 7 years. AL was calculated at each visit using 10 biomarkers: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, C-reactive protein, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, waist-to-hip ratio, fasting serum glucose, triglycerides, and dehydroepiandrosterone. Group-based trajectory modeling identified women with similar patterns of AL. We used multinomial logistic regression to estimate associations between daily spiritual experiences (some days or less, most days, daily, many times a day) and AL trajectories. FINDINGS Our sample had a mean ± SD age of 49.9 ± 2.66 years, 47% were early perimenopausal, and 17% earned <$19,999 annually. The mean ± SD AL score was 2.52 ± 1.68. Three AL trajectories were identified: low (35.1%), moderate (44.7%), and high (20.2%). In age-adjusted models, women who reported daily comfort in religion and spirituality were less likely to follow a high AL trajectory (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.18-0.93); the association was attenuated when controlling for depressive symptoms (odds ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.19-1.21). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study do not support an independent association between spirituality in African American women and AL trajectories in midlife. Studies with a larger sample and additional measures of spirituality are warranted in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Williams
- From the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Latesha K Harris
- From the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Yamnia I Cortés
- Division of Community and Primary Health, Duke University School of Medicine, MRI Service Center, University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City, IA
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Moradi F, Ziapour A, Abbas J, Najafi S, Rezaeian S, Faraji O, Moayeri E, Soroush A. Comparing the Associated Factors on Lifestyle Between Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Healthy People: A Case-Control Study. COMMUNITY HEALTH EQUITY RESEARCH & POLICY 2023; 43:293-299. [PMID: 34098794 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211022158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND the most important way to control diabetes is to follow a preventive lifestyle and if a diabetic individual follows a preventive lifestyle which he or she has accepted. The main objective of the current study is to compare the factors affecting the lifestyle in patients suffering from Type II diabetes and the healthy individuals in Kermanshah City. METHODS this study is based on a case-control design where using simple random sampling, 110 patients suffering from type II diabetes are selected as the case group and 111 healthy subjects among the companions of other patients are selected as the control group from the Center for Diabetics in Kermanshah City. The average age of the participants is 48.8±11.0. The questionnaires used for collecting the data included the following: the demographic information questionnaire and the lifestyle questionnaire which covers diet, physical activity, coping with stress, and smoking. Software applications including STSTA14 and SPSS23 were used for performing statistical computations and logistic regression or linear regression tests were used for analyzing the collected data. RESULTS in the subscales of diet, physical activity, spiritual growth, and stress management, there was a significant difference between the diabetic and healthy groups in a wat that the average score for these subscales was higher in the healthy individuals. While the average score for "health responsibility" was higher in the diabetic group compared to the healthy subjects, the difference was not significant (P<0.232). Moreover, there was a significant statistical relationship between the two groups, i.e. the diabetic and healthy groups, and the variables of age, education level, and occupation (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION healthy lifestyle including proper diet and athletic activity is effective in preventing type II diabetes. Accordingly, implementing policies in the urban transportation system such as providing a special lane for bikers in the cities, increasing the tax for harmful foods, considering subsidies for healthy food products, and self-care of individuals can be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Moradi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arash Ziapour
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jaffar Abbas
- Antai College of Economics and Management/School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sahar Najafi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Obeidollah Faraji
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Elham Moayeri
- Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Soroush
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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RoyChoudhury S, Nayek K, Saha J. A Study on Burden of Prehypertension in Youth (or Pediatric Hypertension) in West Bengal, India. JOURNAL OF CHILD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHypertension is a silent threat to the developing countries in recent times. The aim of this article was to determine the burden of prehypertension and hypertension among school-going children and the risk factors associated with those conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going children (6–18 years) in seven schools of Burdwan, West Bengal, India, selected by stratified random sampling from March 2017 to August 2018. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were obtained along with sociodemographic parameters. Prehypertension and hypertension were defined as per American Pediatric Society's definition. Mean age of the study population was 11.3 ± 3.8 years (n = 604). Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was estimated to be 5% and 4.6%, respectively. Both prehypertension and hypertension were more common among children aged > 15 years (10.3% and 15.5%). In logistic regression, the independent determinants of hypertension were higher socioeconomic condition, increasing age, obesity, increased intake of junk food, parental hypertension, and obesity among first-degree relatives. Proper preventive measures are the need of the hour to tackle the emerging epidemic at its root. Periodic measurements of blood pressure at regular intervals are advisable at community levels to recognize high-risk children, control obesity, and prevent irreversible end organ damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav RoyChoudhury
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaustav Nayek
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Jinia Saha
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
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Nobre F, Esporcatte R, Brandão AA, Avezum Á, Feitosa ADM, Amodeo C, Barbosa ECD, Moriguchi EH, Lucchese FA, Griz HB, Nicolau JC, Magalhães LBNC, Mota-Gomes MA, Borba MHED, Pontes MRN, Jardim PCBV, Spineti PPDM, Mourilhe-Rocha R, Miranda RD, Couceiro SLM, Barroso WKS. Position Statement on Hypertension and Spirituality - 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:599-613. [PMID: 34550245 PMCID: PMC8462965 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Nobre
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil.,Hospital São Francisco, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil
| | - Roberto Esporcatte
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil.,Hospital Pró-Cradíaco, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | - Álvaro Avezum
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Audes Diógenes Magalhães Feitosa
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brasil.,Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE), Recife, PE - Brasil
| | - Celso Amodeo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - José Carlos Nicolau
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso
- Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO - Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO - Brasil
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5
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Thu WPP, Sundström-Poromaa I, Logan S, Kramer MS, Yong EL. Blood pressure and adiposity in midlife Singaporean women. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:561-570. [PMID: 33420474 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-00600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiac events and stroke. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is known to increase the risk of incident hypertension in adults. Although adiposity has been linked to markers of inflammation, few studies have examined these markers as potential mediators of the association between visceral adiposity and elevated blood pressure. We evaluated sociodemographic, reproductive, and lifestyle risk factors for elevated blood pressure among midlife Singaporean women. A total of 1189 women, with a mean age of 56.3 ± 6.2 years, from the Integrated Women's Health Program (IWHP) at National University Hospital, Singapore were studied. Hypothesized risk factors and levels of inflammatory markers were examined in relation to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) using multivariable linear regression models. Prehypertension (SBP 120-139 mmHg and/or DBP 80-89 mmHg) and hypertension (SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 mmHg) were observed in 518 (43.6%) and 313 (26.3%) women, respectively. Compared to women in the lowest tertiles, women in the middle and upper tertiles of VAT had 7.1 (95% CI, 4.4, 9.8) mmHg and 10.2 (95% CI, 6.7, 13.7) mmHg higher adjusted SBP, respectively. Nulliparous older women with a lower education level and those with no or mild hot flashes also had a significantly higher adjusted SBP. No significant independent risk factors were observed for DBP. Adjustments for IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP did not attenuate the association between VAT and SBP. In summary, we found an independent positive association between VAT and SBP. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers did not mediate the increase in SBP in women with high VAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Pa Pa Thu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Inger Sundström-Poromaa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susan Logan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health and of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Eu-Leong Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
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Barroso WKS, Rodrigues CIS, Bortolotto LA, Mota-Gomes MA, Brandão AA, Feitosa ADDM, Machado CA, Poli-de-Figueiredo CE, Amodeo C, Mion Júnior D, Barbosa ECD, Nobre F, Guimarães ICB, Vilela-Martin JF, Yugar-Toledo JC, Magalhães MEC, Neves MFT, Jardim PCBV, Miranda RD, Póvoa RMDS, Fuchs SC, Alessi A, Lucena AJGD, Avezum A, Sousa ALL, Pio-Abreu A, Sposito AC, Pierin AMG, Paiva AMGD, Spinelli ACDS, Nogueira ADR, Dinamarco N, Eibel B, Forjaz CLDM, Zanini CRDO, Souza CBD, Souza DDSMD, Nilson EAF, Costa EFDA, Freitas EVD, Duarte EDR, Muxfeldt ES, Lima Júnior E, Campana EMG, Cesarino EJ, Marques F, Argenta F, Consolim-Colombo FM, Baptista FS, Almeida FAD, Borelli FADO, Fuchs FD, Plavnik FL, Salles GF, Feitosa GS, Silva GVD, Guerra GM, Moreno Júnior H, Finimundi HC, Back IDC, Oliveira Filho JBD, Gemelli JR, Mill JG, Ribeiro JM, Lotaif LAD, Costa LSD, Magalhães LBNC, Drager LF, Martin LC, Scala LCN, Almeida MQ, Gowdak MMG, Klein MRST, Malachias MVB, Kuschnir MCC, Pinheiro ME, Borba MHED, Moreira Filho O, Passarelli Júnior O, Coelho OR, Vitorino PVDO, Ribeiro Junior RM, Esporcatte R, Franco R, Pedrosa R, Mulinari RA, Paula RBD, Okawa RTP, Rosa RF, Amaral SLD, Ferreira-Filho SR, Kaiser SE, Jardim TDSV, Guimarães V, Koch VH, Oigman W, Nadruz W. Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension - 2020. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 116:516-658. [PMID: 33909761 PMCID: PMC9949730 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20201238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso
- Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO - Brasil
- Liga de Hipertensão Arterial , Goiânia , GO - Brasil
| | - Cibele Isaac Saad Rodrigues
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo , Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde , Sorocaba , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Andréa Araujo Brandão
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Celso Amodeo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Décio Mion Júnior
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Fernando Nobre
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
- Hospital São Francisco , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Maria Eliane Campos Magalhães
- Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Mário Fritsch Toros Neves
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Sandra C Fuchs
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil
| | | | | | - Alvaro Avezum
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Ana Luiza Lima Sousa
- Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO - Brasil
- Liga de Hipertensão Arterial , Goiânia , GO - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruna Eibel
- Instituto de Cardiologia , Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil
- Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha (FSG), Caxias do Sul , RS - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabete Viana de Freitas
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
- Departamento de Cardiogeriatria da Sociedade Brazileira de Cardiologia , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Emilton Lima Júnior
- Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná (HC/UFPR), Curitiba , PR - Brasil
| | - Erika Maria Gonçalves Campana
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
- Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Evandro José Cesarino
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
- Associação Ribeirãopretana de Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistência ao Hipertenso (AREPAH), Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | - Fabiana Marques
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Antonio de Almeida
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo , Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde , Sorocaba , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Frida Liane Plavnik
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Grazia Maria Guerra
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Universidade Santo Amaro (UNISA), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José Geraldo Mill
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde , Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo , Vitória , ES - Brasil
| | - José Marcio Ribeiro
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
- Hospital Felício Rocho , Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Leda A Daud Lotaif
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Madson Q Almeida
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Esporcatte
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
- Hospital Pró-Cradíaco , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Roberto Franco
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Bauru , SP - Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Pedrosa
- Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE), Recife , PE - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Emanuel Kaiser
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Vera H Koch
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Wille Oigman
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas , SP - Brasil
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Shattuck EC, Muehlenbein MP. Religiosity/Spirituality and Physiological Markers of Health. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:1035-1054. [PMID: 29978269 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The long-standing interest in the effects of religiosity and spirituality (R/S) on health outcomes has given rise to a large and diverse literature. We conducted a meta-analysis on research involving R/S and physiological markers of health to elucidate both the scope and mechanism(s) of this phenomenon. A combined analysis found a significant, but small, beneficial effect. Subgroup analyses found that some measures of both extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity were significantly associated with health. Several outcome measures, including blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular health markers, were significantly associated with R/S. Our findings suggest that R/S benefits health, perhaps through minimizing the disruptive effects of stress/depression on inflammation. We hope that researchers can use these results to guide efforts aimed at elucidating the true mechanism(s) linking religious/spiritual beliefs and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Shattuck
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97173, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
- Institute for Health Disparities Research, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Michael P Muehlenbein
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97173, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
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Religiosity, Education, John Henryism Active Coping, and Cardiovascular Responses to Anger Recall for African American Men. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798418765859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined if high levels of religious attendance (ORG), private religious activity (NOR), or intrinsic religiosity (SUB) buffer cardiovascular responses to active speech and anger recall lab stressors alone and by John Henryism Active Coping (JHAC) and educational attainment. A sample of 74 healthy African American males, aged 23 to 47 years, completed psychosocial surveys and a lab reactivity protocol involving active speech and anger recall with a 5-minute baseline and ensuing recovery periods. Measures of religiosity, JHAC, and education were related to continuous measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), for each task and rest period with repeated measures ANOVA tests. The period by education by JHAC interaction effect was significant for diastolic BP responses at low but not higher NOR. At low education and low NOR, diastolic BP levels increased significantly during anger recall and ensuing recovery for high but not low JHAC persons. Thus, being deprived of education and private religious activity may put these African American men in a vulnerable situation where higher effort coping may exacerbate their cardiovascular reactivity and recovery to anger induction.
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Saquib N, Saquib J, Alhadlag A, Albakour MA, Aljumah B, Sughayyir M, Alhomidan Z, Alminderej O, Aljaser M, Al-Dhlawiy AM, Al-Mazrou A. Health benefits of Quran memorization for older men. SAGE Open Med 2017; 5:2050312117740990. [PMID: 29163949 PMCID: PMC5686875 DOI: 10.1177/2050312117740990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between Quran memorization and health among older men. Methods This cross-sectional study included older Saudi men (age ≥ 55 years) from Buraidah, Al-Qassim. The neighborhoods were selected randomly (20 out of 96); eligible men from the mosques were recruited. Demographics, lifestyle, and depression were assessed with standardized questionnaires; height, weight, blood pressure, and random blood glucose (glucometer) were measured with standard protocol. Results The mean and standard deviation for age, body mass index, and Quran memorization were 63 years (7.5), 28.9 kg/m2 (4.8), and 4.3 sections (6.9). Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and depression were 71%, 29%, and 22%, respectively. Those who memorized at least 10 sections of Quran were 64%, 71%, and 81% less likely to have hypertension, diabetes, and depression compared to those who memorized less than 0.5 sections, after controlling for covariates. Conclusion There was a strong linear association between Quran memorization and hypertension, diabetes, and depression indicating that those who had memorized a larger portion of the Quran were less likely to have one of these chronic diseases. Future studies should explore the potential health benefits of Quran memorization and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmus Saquib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juliann Saquib
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Bader Aljumah
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Sughayyir
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad Alhomidan
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alminderej
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Aljaser
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al-Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
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Ikanga J, Hill EM, MacDonald DA. The conceptualization and measurement of cognitive reserve using common proxy indicators: Testing some tenable reflective and formative models. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2016; 39:72-83. [PMID: 27647132 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2016.1201462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The examination of cognitive reserve (CR) literature reveals a lack of consensus regarding conceptualization and pervasive problems with its measurement. This study aimed at examining the conceptual nature of CR through the analysis of reflective and formative models using eight proxies commonly employed in the CR literature. We hypothesized that all CR proxies would significantly contribute to a one-factor reflective model and that educational and occupational attainment would produce the strongest loadings on a single CR factor. METHOD The sample consisted of 149 participants (82 male/67 female), with 18.1 average years of education and ages of 45-99 years. Participants were assessed for eight proxies of CR (parent socioeconomic status, intellectual functioning, level of education, health literacy, occupational prestige, life leisure activities, physical activities, and spiritual and religious activities). Primary statistical analyses consisted of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test reflective models and structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) models. RESULTS CFA did not produce compelling support for a unitary CR construct when using all eight of our CR proxy variables in a reflective model but fairly cogent evidence for a one-factor model with four variable proxies. A second three-factor reflective model based upon an exploratory principal components analysis of the eight proxies was tested using CFA. Though all eight indicators significantly loaded on their assigned factors, evidence in support of overall model fit was mixed. Based upon the results involving the three-factor reflective model, two alternative formative models were developed and evaluated. While some support was obtained for both, the model in which the formative influences were specified as latent variables appeared to best account for the contributions of all eight proxies to the CR construct. CONCLUSION While the findings provide partial support for our hypothesis regarding CR as a one-dimensional reflective construct, the results strongly suggest that the construct is more complex than what can be captured in a reflective model alone. There is a need for theory to better identify and differentiate formative from reflective indicators and to articulate the mechanisms by which CR develops and operates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Ikanga
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA.,b Department of Psychology , University of Detroit Mercy , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Elizabeth M Hill
- b Department of Psychology , University of Detroit Mercy , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Douglas A MacDonald
- b Department of Psychology , University of Detroit Mercy , Detroit , MI , USA
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Kobayashi D, Shimbo T, Takahashi O, Davis RB, Wee CC. The relationship between religiosity and cardiovascular risk factors in Japan: a large-scale cohort study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 9:553-62. [PMID: 26188400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between religiosity and cardiovascular risk factors in a Japanese population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving individuals who underwent annual health check-ups at St. Luke's International Hospital from 2005 to 2010. Data collected included self-reported demographics, clinical information, and health habits, as well as religiosity, baseline examination, and laboratory measures. We conducted multivariable regression analyses to examine the associations between religiosity and cardiovascular risk factors at baseline and longitudinally. The analyses were performed in 2012. A total of 36,965 participants were enrolled, and 13,846 (37.8%) reported being at least somewhat religious. Compared with those who were not religious at baseline, religious participants (n = 3685) were less likely to be current smokers (odds ratio [OR], 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-0.67) and to report excessive alcohol consumption (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.67-0.82), and more likely to exercise at least three times a week (OR, 1.27; 95% CI,1.16-1.39) and to be obese (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.19-1.47). There were no significant differences in the rate of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia prevalence. In longitudinal data analyses, religiosity was associated with a lower likelihood of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and a higher likelihood of regular exercise and a lower incidence of diabetes over time. Individuals who were more religious were significantly more likely to have favorable health habits and fewer cardiovascular risk factors, except for a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity at baseline. Religiosity was also associated with better health habits over time and less likely to be associated with future diabetes but not with blood pressure or lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Kobayashi
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, St. Luke's Life Science Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Takuro Shimbo
- Department of Clinical Study and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Takahashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Clinical Epidemiology, St. Luke's Life Science Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roger B Davis
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina C Wee
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Piper MA, Evans CV, Burda BU, Margolis KL, O'Connor E, Whitlock EP. Diagnostic and predictive accuracy of blood pressure screening methods with consideration of rescreening intervals: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2015; 162:192-204. [PMID: 25531400 DOI: 10.7326/m14-1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the largest contributing risk factor to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. PURPOSE To update a systematic review on the benefits and harms of screening for high BP in adults and to summarize evidence on rescreening intervals and diagnostic and predictive accuracy of different BP methods for cardiovascular events. DATA SOURCES Selected databases searched through 24 February 2014. STUDY SELECTION Fair- and good-quality trials and diagnostic accuracy and cohort studies conducted in adults and published in English. DATA EXTRACTION One investigator abstracted data, and a second checked for accuracy. Study quality was dual-reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) predicted long-term cardiovascular outcomes independently of office BP (hazard ratio range, 1.28 to 1.40, in 11 studies). Across 27 studies, 35% to 95% of persons with an elevated BP at screening remained hypertensive after nonoffice confirmatory testing. Cardiovascular outcomes in persons who were normotensive after confirmatory testing (isolated clinic hypertension) were similar to outcomes in those who were normotensive at screening. In 40 studies, hypertension incidence after rescreening varied considerably at each yearly interval up to 6 years. Intrastudy comparisons showed at least 2-fold higher incidence in older adults, those with high-normal BP, overweight and obese persons, and African Americans. LIMITATION Few diagnostic accuracy studies of office BP methods and protocols in untreated adults. CONCLUSION Evidence supports ABPM as the reference standard for confirming elevated office BP screening results to avoid misdiagnosis and overtreatment of persons with isolated clinic hypertension. Persons with BP in the high-normal range, older persons, those with an above-normal body mass index, and African Americans are at higher risk for hypertension on rescreening within 6 years than are persons without these risk factors. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. Piper
- From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, and HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Corinne V. Evans
- From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, and HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Brittany U. Burda
- From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, and HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Karen L. Margolis
- From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, and HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Elizabeth O'Connor
- From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, and HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Evelyn P. Whitlock
- From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, and HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Cooper DC, Thayer JF, Waldstein SR. Coping with racism: the impact of prayer on cardiovascular reactivity and post-stress recovery in African American women. Ann Behav Med 2014; 47:218-30. [PMID: 24122482 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-013-9540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prayer is often used to cope with racism-related stress. Little is known about its impact on cardiovascular function. PURPOSE This study examined how prayer coping relates to cardiovascular reactivity (CVR), post-stress recovery, and affective reactivity in response to racism-related stress. METHODS African American women (n =81; mean age=20 years) reported their use of prayer coping on the Perceived Racism Scale and completed anger recall and racism recall tasks while undergoing monitoring of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and hemodynamic measures. Prayer coping was examined for associations with CVR, recovery, and affective change scores using general linear models with repeated measures. RESULTS Higher prayer coping was associated with decreased state stress and DBP reactivity during racism recall (p's<0.05) and with decreased DBP and increased HRV during racism recall recovery(p's<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Coping with racism by utilizing prayer may have cardiovascular benefits for African American women.
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Thomas NF, Dunn KS. Self-transcendence and medication adherence in older adults with hypertension. J Holist Nurs 2014; 32:316-26. [PMID: 24692160 DOI: 10.1177/0898010114528379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-transcendence and medication adherence among older adults prescribed antihypertensive medication. DESIGN Descriptive, correlational research design. METHOD Forty-six older adults who were prescribed antihypertensive medications from an independent living facility participated in this study. Participants were given a survey that included a demographic questionnaire, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and Reed's Self-Transcendence Scale. FINDINGS No significant relationship was found between medication adherence and self-transcendence (r = -.20, p = .18). Ninety percent of the participants however, admitted to cutting back or stopping their medication without notifying their providers. CONCLUSION Continued investigation is needed to identify reasons why older adults fail to adhere to taking prescribed hypertension medications in order to improve health outcomes in this population.
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Stewart WC, Adams MP, Stewart JA, Nelson LA. Review of clinical medicine and religious practice. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2013; 52:91-106. [PMID: 23484213 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-012-9578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose was to evaluate faith-based studies within the medical literature to determine whether there are ways to help physicians understand how religion affects patients’ lives and diseases. We reviewed articles that assessed the influence of religious practices on medicine as a primary or secondary variable in clinical practice. This review evaluated 49 articles and found that religious faith is important to many patients, particularly those with serious disease, and patients depend on it as a positive coping mechanism. The findings of this review can suggest that patients frequently practice religion and interact with God about their disease state. This spiritual interaction may benefit the patient by providing comfort, increasing knowledge about their disease, greater treatment adherence, and quality of life. The results of prayer on specific disease states appear inconsistent with cardiovascular disease but stronger in other disease states.
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Fitchett G, Benjamins MR, Skarupski KA, Mendes de Leon CF. Worship attendance and the disability process in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2013; 68:235-45. [PMID: 23325504 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbs165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the contribution of religious involvement to age-related declines in health by examining the association of worship attendance with measures of different stages in the disability continuum. METHOD Participants included 5,863 Black and White older adults from the Chicago Health and Aging Project. Worship attendance was coded in 3 levels: very frequent (several times a week or more), frequent (several times a month), and infrequent (several times a year or less). Measures of disability included self-reported instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and activities of daily living (ADL) disability as well as observed physical function. RESULTS In multiple regression models adjusted for demographic factors, compared with those with infrequent worship attendance, those with frequent or very frequent attendance had lower levels of IADL and ADL disability and higher levels of physical performance at baseline. These associations remained significant in models that adjusted for health and cognitive status. There was no association between frequency of worship attendance and change in disability or physical function over time. DISCUSSION These results suggest that more frequent worship attendance does not contribute to slowing the progress of disability in late life. Future research is needed to better understand the development of the differences in disability associated with worship attendance observed at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Fitchett
- Department of Religion, Health, and Human Values, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
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Koenig HG. Religion, spirituality, and health: the research and clinical implications. ISRN PSYCHIATRY 2012; 2012:278730. [PMID: 23762764 PMCID: PMC3671693 DOI: 10.5402/2012/278730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 632] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a concise but comprehensive review of research on religion/spirituality (R/S) and both mental health and physical health. It is based on a systematic review of original data-based quantitative research published in peer-reviewed journals between 1872 and 2010, including a few seminal articles published since 2010. First, I provide a brief historical background to set the stage. Then I review research on R/S and mental health, examining relationships with both positive and negative mental health outcomes, where positive outcomes include well-being, happiness, hope, optimism, and gratefulness, and negative outcomes involve depression, suicide, anxiety, psychosis, substance abuse, delinquency/crime, marital instability, and personality traits (positive and negative). I then explain how and why R/S might influence mental health. Next, I review research on R/S and health behaviors such as physical activity, cigarette smoking, diet, and sexual practices, followed by a review of relationships between R/S and heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and dementia, immune functions, endocrine functions, cancer, overall mortality, physical disability, pain, and somatic symptoms. I then present a theoretical model explaining how R/S might influence physical health. Finally, I discuss what health professionals should do in light of these research findings and make recommendations in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold G. Koenig
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, P.O. Box 3400, Durham, NC 27705, USA
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia
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Feinstein M, Liu K, Ning H, Fitchett G, Lloyd-Jones DM. Incident obesity and cardiovascular risk factors between young adulthood and middle age by religious involvement: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Prev Med 2012; 54:117-21. [PMID: 22155479 PMCID: PMC3310238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religious involvement has been associated with improved health outcomes but greater obesity in older adults. No longitudinal study of young adults has examined the prospective association of religious involvement with incident cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) and subclinical disease (subCVD). METHODS We included 2433 participants of the CARDIA study, aged 20 to 32 in 1987 when religiosity was assessed, who were followed for 18 years. Multivariable-adjusted regression models were fitted to assess prospective associations of frequency of religious participation at baseline with incidence of RFs and prevalence of subCVD after 18 years' follow up. RESULTS The high frequency of religious participation was associated with a significantly greater incidence of obesity in unadjusted models (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.14-1.73) and demographic-adjusted models (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09-1.65) but not after additional adjustment for baseline RFs (RR 1.17, 95% CI .97-1.41). When religious participation was treated dichotomously, any religious participation, compared with none, was associated with significantly lower subCVD. CONCLUSIONS Frequent religious participants are more likely to become obese between young adulthood and middle age; this association is confounded by demographic and other factors. Nonetheless, young adults with frequent participation may represent an opportunity for obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Feinstein
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Jackson BR, Bergeman CS. How Does Religiosity Enhance Well-Being? The Role of Perceived Control. PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION AND SPIRITUALITY 2011; 3:149-161. [PMID: 24860640 PMCID: PMC4029596 DOI: 10.1037/a0021597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Religiousness and spirituality (R/S) are consistently linked with positive indicators of well-being, but the mechanisms behind these associations remain largely unknown. We hypothesize that an individual's level of perceived control (PC) acts as a mediator of this relationship and that this effect is stronger in older adults. Participants were 529 adults from the Notre Dame Study of Health and Well-Being (aged 31-88). Regression analyses tested both mediating and moderating functions of PC for three different R/S components (religious practices, daily spiritual experiences, and religious/spiritual coping); composite variables were used for PC and subjective well-being (SWB) in all analyses. These effects were tested using the full sample, as well as separately by age group (early midlife, aged 31-49; late midlife, aged 50-59; and later life, aged 60 and over), in order to discover any age differences that may exist. Results revealed differences by both R/S dimension and age group: PC partially mediated the religious practices-SWB relationship in the full sample and in the later life group; the effects of religious/spiritual coping and spiritual experiences on SWB were partially mediated by PC in the full sample, the late midlife group, and the later life group; and none of the R/S-SWB relationships were mediated in the early midlife group. Moderating effects were indicated by significant interactions between PC and spiritual experiences in the full sample, PC and religious coping in the full sample, and PC and religious practices in the later life group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda R Jackson
- Brenda R. Jackson and C. S. Bergeman, Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame
| | - C S Bergeman
- Brenda R. Jackson and C. S. Bergeman, Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2010; 25:411-21. [PMID: 20535070 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e32833bf995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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