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Teng W, Zhou Z, Cao J, Guo Q. Recent Advances of Natural Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Bioactive Delivery System for Synergetic Biological Applications. Foods 2024; 13:2226. [PMID: 39063310 PMCID: PMC11275325 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds have drawn much attention according to their various health benefits. However, poor dissolvability, low stability and limited bioavailability largely narrow their applications. Although a variety of nontoxic ingredients have been rapidly developed as vehicles to deliver bioactive compounds in the last few years, most of them are non-bioactive. Pentacyclic triterpenoids, owing to their unique self-assembly and co-assembly behaviors and different physiological functions, can construct bioactive carriers due to their higher biodegradability, biocompatibility and lower toxicity. In this paper, the basic classification, biological activities and physicochemical properties of pentacyclic triterpenoids were summarized. Additionally, applications of self-assembled and co-assembled pentacyclic triterpenoids as bioactive delivery systems to load bioactive components and future research directions were discussed. This study emphasizes the potential of pentacyclic triterpenoids as bioactive delivery systems, offering a new perspective for constructing self- or co-assemblies for further synergetic biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Teng
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (W.T.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Zixiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (W.T.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinxuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (W.T.); (Z.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Chen Y, Li Q, Liang Y, Wei M, Liao H, Fu A, Sun W, Chen C, Zhu H, Zhang Y. Immunosuppressive steroids quadrilisteroids A-C and derivatives from the terrestrial fungus Aspergillus quadrilineatus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 221:114044. [PMID: 38452879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Seven undescribed compounds (1-7) along with six known compounds (8-13) were isolated from Eurotiaceae Aspergillus quadrilineatus. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD calculations. Quadrilisteroids A (1) and B (2) possessed an unprecedented 6/5/6/6/6/5 hexacyclic ring system in conjugation with a highly fused benzene ring, while quadrilisteroid C (3) featured a surprising 6/6/6/5/5-fused carbocyclic skeleton. Quadrilisteroid C (3) exhibited potent inhibitory activity against LPS-induced proliferation of B lymphocyte cells with an IC50 value of 1.03 μM. Compound 4, demonstrated inhibitory activity against Con A-induced proliferation of T lymphocyte cells with IC50 values of 6.42 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengsha Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguang Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hucheng Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Agrawal S, Chavan P, Dufossé L. Hidden Treasure: Halophilic Fungi as a Repository of Bioactive Lead Compounds. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:290. [PMID: 38667961 PMCID: PMC11051466 DOI: 10.3390/jof10040290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pressing demand for novel compounds to address contemporary health challenges has prompted researchers to venture into uncharted territory, including extreme ecosystems, in search of new natural pharmaceuticals. Fungi capable of tolerating extreme conditions, known as extremophilic fungi, have garnered attention for their ability to produce unique secondary metabolites crucial for defense and communication, some of which exhibit promising clinical significance. Among these, halophilic fungi thriving in high-salinity environments have particularly piqued interest for their production of bioactive molecules. This review highlights the recent discoveries regarding novel compounds from halotolerant fungal strains isolated from various saline habitats. From diverse fungal species including Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Myrothecium, and Cladosporium, a plethora of intriguing molecules have been elucidated, showcasing diverse chemical structures and bioactivity. These compounds exhibit cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines such as A549, HL60, and K-562, antimicrobial activity against pathogens like Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans, as well as radical-scavenging properties. Notable examples include variecolorins, sclerotides, alternarosides, and chrysogesides, among others. Additionally, several compounds display unique structural motifs, such as spiro-anthronopyranoid diketopiperazines and pentacyclic triterpenoids. The results emphasize the significant promise of halotolerant fungi in providing bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical, agricultural, and biotechnological uses. However, despite their potential, halophilic fungi are still largely unexplored as sources of valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivankar Agrawal
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), V Ramalingaswami Bhawan, Ansari Nagar-AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences), Delhi 110029, India
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, India;
| | - Pruthviraj Chavan
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, India;
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Chemistry and Biotechnology of Natural Products, ChemBioPro, Université de La Réunion, Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs—Réunion, Océan Indien ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 97410 Saint-Denis, France
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Yang SY, Jiang GH, Wang CX, Luo Q, Zhan R, Aisa HA, Chen YG. Compounds from the Leaves and Stems of Machilus tenuipilis. Chem Nat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-023-04008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Ochraceopyronide, a Rare α-Pyrone-C-lyxofuranoside from a Soil-Derived Fungus Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133976. [PMID: 34209863 PMCID: PMC8271807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal strain was isolated from a soil sample collected in Giza province, Egypt, and was identified as Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis based on phenotypic and genotypic data. The ethyl acetate extract of the fungal strain exhibited promising activity levels against several pathogenic test organisms and through a series of 1H NMR guided chromatographic separations, a new α-pyrone-C-lyxofuranoside (1) along with four known compounds (2–5) were isolated. The planar structure of the new metabolite was elucidated by detailed analysis of its 1D/2D NMR and HRMS/IR/UV spectroscopic data, while the relative configuration of the sugar moiety was determined by a combined study of NOESY and coupling constants data, with the aid of theoretical calculations. The structures of the known compounds—isolated for the first time from A. ochraceopetaliformis—were established by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those in the literature. All isolated fungal metabolites were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against six Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as against three human pathogenic fungi.
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Wilson ZE, Brimble MA. Molecules derived from the extremes of life: a decade later. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 38:24-82. [PMID: 32672280 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00021c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: Early 2008 until the end of 2019Microorganisms which survive (extreme-tolerant) or even prefer (extremophilic) living at the limits of pH, temperature, salinity and pressure found on earth have proven to be a rich source of novel structures. In this update we summarise the wide variety of new molecules which have been isolated from extremophilic and extreme-tolerant microorganisms since our original 2009 review, highlighting the range of bioactivities these molecules have been reported to possess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E Wilson
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
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Biosynthesis of Isoprene Units in Euphorbia lathyris Laticifers vs. Other Tissues: MVA and MEP Pathways, Compartmentation and Putative Endophytic Fungi Contribution. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234322. [PMID: 31779240 PMCID: PMC6930671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia species are characterized by a net of laticifers producing large amounts of triterpenes. These hydrocarbon-like metabolites can be converted into fuel by the methods of the oil industry. Euphorbia lathyris is easily grown at an industrial scale. In an attempt to increase its triterpene production, the metabolic pathways leading to isoprenoid were investigated by incorporation of 13C labeled glucose and mevalonate and 2H labeled deoxyxylulose as well as by natural abundance isotope ratio GC-MS. Latex triterpenes are exclusively synthesized via the mevalonate (MVA) pathway: this may orient future search for improving the triterpene production in E. lathyris. Phytosterols and their precursors are mainly derived from MVA pathway with a slight contribution of the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, whereas phytol is issued from MEP pathway with a minor contribution of the MVA pathway: this is in accordance with the metabolic cross-talk between cytosolic and plastidial compartments in plants. In addition, hopenol B behaved differently from the other latex triterpenes. Its 13C isotope abundance after incorporation of 13C labeled glucose and its natural abundance δ2H signature clearly differed from those of the other latex triterpenes indicating another metabolic origin and suggesting that it may be synthesized by an endophytic fungus.
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Ma K, Zhang P, Tao Q, Keller NP, Yang Y, Yin WB, Liu H. Characterization and Biosynthesis of a Rare Fungal Hopane-Type Triterpenoid Glycoside Involved in the Antistress Property of Aspergillus fumigatus. Org Lett 2019; 21:3252-3256. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoqiao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nancy P. Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yanlong Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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Chen R, Liu D, Guo P, Lin W. Varicuothiols A and B, New Fungal Metabolites from Aspergillus versicolor with Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Chem Biodivers 2017; 15. [PMID: 29144588 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemical examination of a coral-associated fungus Aspergillus versicolor LZD-44-03 resulted in the isolation of two new compounds with the trivial names of varicuothiols A (1) and B (2) as a unique scaffold. Their structures were determined through extensive spectroscopic analyses in association with the modified Mosher's method and chemical conversion. Both 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibition against LPS-induced RAW24.7 cell proliferation, in association with the down regulation of nitrite production and cytokines (MCP-1, IL-6, and TNF-α).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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Polyphasic taxonomy of Aspergillus section Aspergillus (formerly Eurotium), and its occurrence in indoor environments and food. Stud Mycol 2017; 88:37-135. [PMID: 28860671 PMCID: PMC5573881 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus section Aspergillus (formerly the genus Eurotium) includes xerophilic species with uniseriate conidiophores, globose to subglobose vesicles, green conidia and yellow, thin walled eurotium-like ascomata with hyaline, lenticular ascospores. In the present study, a polyphasic approach using morphological characters, extrolites, physiological characters and phylogeny was applied to investigate the taxonomy of this section. Over 500 strains from various culture collections and new isolates obtained from indoor environments and a wide range of substrates all over the world were identified using calmodulin gene sequencing. Of these, 163 isolates were subjected to molecular phylogenetic analyses using sequences of ITS rDNA, partial β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes. Colony characteristics were documented on eight cultivation media, growth parameters at three incubation temperatures were recorded and micromorphology was examined using light microscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy to illustrate and characterize each species. Many specific extrolites were extracted and identified from cultures, including echinulins, epiheveadrides, auroglaucins and anthraquinone bisanthrons, and to be consistent in strains of nearly all species. Other extrolites are species-specific, and thus valuable for identification. Several extrolites show antioxidant effects, which may be nutritionally beneficial in food and beverages. Important mycotoxins in the strict sense, such as sterigmatocystin, aflatoxins, ochratoxins, citrinin were not detected despite previous reports on their production in this section. Adopting a polyphasic approach, 31 species are recognized, including nine new species. ITS is highly conserved in this section and does not distinguish species. All species can be differentiated using CaM or RPB2 sequences. For BenA, Aspergillus brunneus and A. niveoglaucus share identical sequences. Ascospores and conidia morphology, growth rates at different temperatures are most useful characters for phenotypic species identification.
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Key Words
- A. aurantiacoflavus Hubka, A.J. Chen, Jurjević & Samson
- A. caperatus A.J. Chen, Frisvad & Samson
- A. endophyticus Hubka, A.J. Chen, & Samson
- A. levisporus Hubka, A.J. Chen, Jurjević & Samson
- A. porosus A.J. Chen, Frisvad & Samson
- A. tamarindosoli A.J. Chen, Frisvad & Samson
- A. teporis A.J. Chen, Frisvad & Samson
- A. zutongqii A.J. Chen, Frisvad & Samson
- Ascomycota
- Aspergillaceae
- Aspergillus aerius A.J. Chen, Frisvad & Samson
- Aspergillus proliferans
- Eurotiales
- Eurotium amstelodami
- Extrolites
- Multi-gene phylogeny
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Li YF, Wu XB, Niaz SI, Zhang LH, Huang ZJ, Lin YC, Li J, Liu L. Effect of culture conditions on metabolites produced by the crinoid-derived fungus Aspergillus ruber 1017. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:1299-1304. [PMID: 27756151 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1244200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Two different culture media were used to cultivate fungus Aspergillus ruber 1017 and resulted in the isolation of one new compound (1) and 23 known compounds (2-24). Alkaloids were the major metabolite in soybean medium instead of anthraquinone from rice medium. The structures of these compounds were elucidated according to spectroscopic analysis and comparison with reported data. Antibacterial activities of compounds 1-12 against 12 aquatic bacteria were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fang Li
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xue-Bin Wu
- b School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Shah-Iram Niaz
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Liu-Hong Zhang
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jian Huang
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yong-Cheng Lin
- b School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
- c South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Lan Liu
- a School of Marine Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
- d Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules from Oceanic Microorganisms, Department of Education of Guangdong Province , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
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Tian XH, Yue RC, Fang X, Zhang JP, Wang GW, Shan L, Zhang WD, Shen YH. Terpenoids with neurite outgrowth-promoting activity from the branches and leaves of Illicium merrillianum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2016; 18:495-503. [PMID: 26751347 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2015.1127229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen terpenoids (1-18) were isolated from Illicium merrillianum. Compound 1 was identified as new compound, and its structure was established by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All compounds were evaluated for nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth activity using rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells as a model system of neuronal differentiation. Compounds 1, 3, 18 showed significant neurite outgrowth-promoting activity in the presence of 20 ng/ml NGF in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 1-100 μM after 24-h treatment. Subtle difference of functional groups at C-2 position in hopane-type triterpene resulted in enormous bioactivity difference, compound 1 was neurotrophic but 2 was cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hui Tian
- a Department of Phytochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Rong-Cai Yue
- b School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Xin Fang
- a Department of Phytochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- a Department of Phytochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Guo-Wei Wang
- b School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Lei Shan
- a Department of Phytochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- a Department of Phytochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200030 , China
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- a Department of Phytochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
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Donzelli B, Krasnoff S. Molecular Genetics of Secondary Chemistry in Metarhizium Fungi. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI 2016; 94:365-436. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Wu Q, Wu C, Long H, Chen R, Liu D, Proksch P, Guo P, Lin W. Varioxiranols A-G and 19-O-Methyl-22-methoxypre-shamixanthone, PKS and Hybrid PKS-Derived Metabolites from a Sponge-Associated Emericella variecolor Fungus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2461-2470. [PMID: 26394166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical examination of a sponge (Cinachyrella sp.)-associated Emericella variecolor fungus resulted in the isolation of seven new polyketide derivatives, namely, varioxiranols A-G (1-7), and a new hybrid PKS-isoprenoid metabolite, 19-O-methyl-22-methoxypre-shamixanthone (8), together with nine known analogues. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including ECD effects, Mosher's method, X-ray diffraction, and chemical conversion for the determination of absolute configurations. Varioxiranols F and G were found for the first time to link a xanthone moiety with a benzyl alcohol via an ether bond, while the dioxolanone group of 5 is unusual in nature. A cell-based lipid-lowering assay revealed that pre-shamixanthone (12) exerted significant inhibition against lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells without cytotoxic effects, accompanying the potent reduction of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Real-time quantitative PCR indicated that pre-shamixanthone (12) mediated the reduction of lipid accumulation related to the down-regulation of the expression of the key lipogenic transcriptional factor SREBP-1c and its downstream genes encoding FAS and ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University , Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongming Wu
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University , Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Chen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University , Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University , 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Peng Guo
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University , Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Versicolols A and B, two new prenylated isocoumarins from endophytic fungus Aspergillus versicolor and their cytotoxic activity. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 40:32-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids, including squalene derivatives, protostanes, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, serratanes and saponins; 278 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Glasgow G128QQ, UK
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Mangiferonic acid, 22-hydroxyhopan-3-one, and physcion as specific chemical markers for Alnus nepalensis. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2010.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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