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Lou K, Chi J, Wu J, Ma J, Liu S, Cui Y. Research progress on the microbiota in bladder cancer tumors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1374944. [PMID: 38650736 PMCID: PMC11033431 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1374944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiota, also referred to as the microbial community, is a crucial component of the human microenvironment. It is located predominantly in various organs, including the intestines, skin, oral cavity, respiratory tract, and reproductive tract. The microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the human body, influencing physiological and pathological functions to a significant degree. There is increasing evidence linking the microbial flora to human cancers. In contrast to the traditional belief that the urethra and urine of normal individuals are sterile, recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing technology and bacterial cultivation methods have led to the discovery of specific microbial communities in the urethras of healthy individuals. Given the prevalence of bladder cancer (BCa) as a common malignancy of the urinary system, researchers have shifted their focus to exploring the connection between disease development and the unique microbial community within tumors. This shift has led to a deeper investigation into the role of microbiota in the onset, progression, metastasis, prognosis, and potential for early detection of BCa. This article reviews the existing research on the microbiota within BCa tumors and summarizes the findings regarding the roles of different microbes in various aspects of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Lou
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Junpeng Chi
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jitao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuanshan Cui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Kwon YJ, Chun BH, Jung HS, Chu J, Joung H, Park SY, Kim BK, Jeon CO. Safety Assessment of Lactiplantibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) plantarum Q180. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1420-1429. [PMID: 34373437 PMCID: PMC9705903 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2106.06066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The safety of the probiotic strain Q180, which exerts postprandial lipid-lowering effects, was bioinformatically and phenotypically evaluated. The genome of strain Q180 was completely sequenced, and single circular chromosome of 3,197,263 bp without any plasmid was generated. Phylogenetic and related analyses using16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences revealed that strain Q180 is a member of Lactiplantibacillus (Lp., formerly Lactobacillus) plantarum. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes were bioinformatically analyzed using all Lp. plantarum genomes available in GenBank, which showed that AMR genes are present differently depending on Lp. plantarum strains. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that some mobile genetic elements such as prophages and insertion sequences were identified in the genome of strain Q180, but because they did not contain harmful genes such as AMR genes and virulence factor (VF)- and toxin-related genes, it was suggested that there is no transferability of harmful genes. The minimum inhibition concentrations of seven tested antibiotics suggested by the European Food Safety Authority guidelines were slightly lower than or equal to the microbiological cut-off values for Lp. plantarum. Strain Q180 did not show hemolytic and gelatinase activities and biogenic amine-producing ability. Taken together, this study demonstrated the safety of strain Q180 in terms of absence of AMR genes and VF- and toxin-related genes as a probiotic strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Jin Kwon
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute (CKDBIO), Gyeonggi 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Chun
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Su Jung
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeryang Chu
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute (CKDBIO), Gyeonggi 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchae Joung
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute (CKDBIO), Gyeonggi 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yurb Park
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute (CKDBIO), Gyeonggi 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Kook Kim
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio Research Institute (CKDBIO), Gyeonggi 15064, Republic of Korea
| | - Che Ok Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-820-5864 E-mail:
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Gut health: The results of microbial and mucosal immune interactions in pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:282-294. [PMID: 34258416 PMCID: PMC8245825 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are a large number of microorganisms in the porcine intestinal tract. These microorganisms and their metabolites contribute to intestinal mucosal immunity, which is of great importance to the health of the host. The host immune system can regulate the distribution and composition of intestinal microorganisms and regulate the homeostasis of intestinal flora by secreting a variety of immune effector factors, such as mucin, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), regenerating islet-derived III (RegIII)γ, and defensin. Conversely, intestinal microorganisms can also promote the differentiation of immune cells including regulatory T cells (Treg) and Th17 cells through their specific components or metabolites. Studies have shown that imbalances in the intestinal flora can lead to bacterial translocation and compromised intestinal barrier function, affecting the health of the body. This review focuses on the composition of the pig intestinal flora and the characteristics of intestinal mucosal immunity, discusses the interaction mechanism between the flora and intestinal mucosal immunity, as well as the regulation through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), dietary nutritional composition, probiotics and prebiotics of pig intestinal microecology. Finally, this review provides insights into the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and the mucosal immune system.
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Agarbati A, Canonico L, Marini E, Zannini E, Ciani M, Comitini F. Potential Probiotic Yeasts Sourced from Natural Environmental and Spontaneous Processed Foods. Foods 2020; 9:E287. [PMID: 32143376 PMCID: PMC7143343 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, there has been a growing interest from consumers in their food choices. Organic, natural, less processed, functional, and pre-probiotic products were preferred. Although, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii is the most well-characterized probiotic yeast available on the market, improvement in probiotic function using other yeast species is an attractive future direction. In the present study, un-anthropized natural environments and spontaneous processed foods were exploited for wild yeast isolation with the goal of amplifying the knowledge of probiotic aptitudes of different yeast species. For this purpose, 179 yeast species were isolated, identified as belonging to twelve different genera, and characterized for the most important probiotic features. Findings showed interesting probiotic characteristics for some yeast strains belonging to Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia ziziphicola, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Torulaspora delbrueckii species, although these probiotic aptitudes were strictly strain-dependent. These yeast strains could be proposed for different probiotic applications, such as a valid alternative to, or in combination with, the probiotic yeast S. cerevisiae var. boulardii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Agarbati
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (A.A.); (L.C.); (E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Canonico
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (A.A.); (L.C.); (E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Enrica Marini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (A.A.); (L.C.); (E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Emanuele Zannini
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF Ireland;
| | - Maurizio Ciani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (A.A.); (L.C.); (E.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Comitini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (A.A.); (L.C.); (E.M.); (M.C.)
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Seong CN, Kang JW, Lee JH, Seo SY, Woo JJ, Park C, Bae KS, Kim MS. Taxonomic hierarchy of the phylum Firmicutes and novel Firmicutes species originated from various environments in Korea. J Microbiol 2018; 56:1-10. [PMID: 29299839 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-018-7318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the taxonomic hierarchy of the phylum Firmicutes as well as elucidated the isolation and classification states of novel Firmicutes species isolated from Korean territory. The hierarchical classification system of the phylum Firmicutes has been developed since 1872 when the genus Bacillus was first reported and has been generally adopted since 2001. However, this taxonomic hierarchy is still being modified. Until Feb. 2017, the phylum Firmicutes consisted of seven classes (Bacilli, Clostridia, Erysipelotrichia, Limnochordia, Negativicutes, Thermolithobacteria, and Tissierellia), 13 orders, 45 families, and 421 genera. Firmicutes species isolated from various environments in Korea have been reported from 2000, and 187 species have been approved as of Feb. 2017. All Firmicutes species were affiliated with three classes (Bacilli, Clostridia, and Erysipelotrichia), four orders (Bacillales, Lactobacillales, Clostridiales, and Erysipelotrichales), 17 families, and 54 genera. A total of 173 species belong to the class Bacilli, of which 151 species were affiliated with the order Bacillales and the remaining 22 species with the order Lactobacillales. Twelve species belonging to the class Clostridia were affiliated within only one order, Clostridiales. The most abundant family was Bacillaceae (67 species), followed by the family Paenibacillaceae (56 species). Thirteen novel genera were created using isolates from the Korean environment. A number of Firmicutes species were isolated from natural environments in Korean territory. In addition, a considerable number of species were isolated from artificial resources such as fermented foods. Most Firmicutes species, belonging to the families Bacillaceae, Planococcaceae, and Staphylococcaceae, isolated from Korean fermented foods and solar salterns were halophilic or halotolerant. Firmicutes species were isolated from the whole territory of Korea, especially large numbers from Provinces Gyeonggi, Chungnam, and Daejeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Nam Seong
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo Won Kang
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Seo
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jae Woo
- Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Park
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Gwangyang Health Science University, Gwangyang, 57764, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Bae
- Biological Resource Center, KRIBB, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Kim
- Agricultural Sciences Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
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Assefa S, Ahles K, Bigelow S, Curtis JT, Köhler GA. Lactobacilli with probiotic potential in the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster). Gut Pathog 2015; 7:35. [PMID: 26719773 PMCID: PMC4696317 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-015-0082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research suggests integration of the intestinal
microbiota in gut-brain communication which could lead to new approaches to treat neurological disorders. The highly social prairie voles are an excellent model system to study the effects of environmental factors on social behavior. For future studies on the role of probiotics in ameliorating disorders with social withdrawal symptoms, we report the characterization of intestinal Lactobacillus isolates with probiotic potential from voles. Methods and results 30 bacterial strains were isolated from the vole intestine and found to be distinct but closely related to Lactobacillus johnsonii using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA fingerprinting. In vitro characterizations including acid and bile tolerance, antimicrobial effects, antibiotic susceptibility, and adherence to intestinal epithelial cells were performed to assess the probiotic potential of selected strains. Since previous studies revealed that mercury ingestion triggers social deficits in voles, mercury resistance of the probiotic candidates was evaluated which could be an important factor in preventing/treating these behavioral changes. Conclusions This study demonstrates that lactobacilli with probiotic potential are present in the vole intestine. The Lactobacillus isolates identified in this study will provide a basis for the investigation of probiotic effects in the vole behavioral model system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-015-0082-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senait Assefa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107 USA
| | - Kathleen Ahles
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107 USA
| | - Simone Bigelow
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107 USA
| | - J Thomas Curtis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, USA
| | - Gerwald A Köhler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK 74107 USA
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Han X, Wang L, Li W, Li B, Yang Y, Yan H, Qu L, Chen Y. Use of green fluorescent protein to monitor Lactobacillus plantarum in the gastrointestinal tract of goats. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:849-54. [PMID: 26413069 PMCID: PMC4568869 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246320140556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The experiment aimed to specifically monitor the passage of lactobacilli in
vivo after oral administration. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene
was cloned downstream from the constitutive p32 promoter from L. lactis
subsp. cremoris Wg2. The recombinant expression vector, pLEM415-gfp-p32,
was electroporated into Lactobacillus plantarum (L.
plantarum) isolated from goat. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)
was successfully expressed in L. plantarum. After 2 h
post-administration, transformed Lactobacillus could be detectable
in all luminal contents. In the rumen, bacteria concentration initially decreased,
reached the minimum at 42 h post-oral administration and then increased. However,
this concentration decreased constantly in the duodenum. This result indicated that
L. plantarum could colonize in the rumen but not in the
duodenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Bibo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Hailong Yan
- College of Life Science, Yulin University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Lei Qu
- College of Life Science, Yulin University, People's Republic of China, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, People's Republic of China, China
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Hou C, Zeng X, Yang F, Liu H, Qiao S. Study and use of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in pigs: a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:14. [PMID: 25954504 PMCID: PMC4423586 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-015-0014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide a wide variety of health benefits to the host when ingested in adequate amounts. The bacterial strains most frequently used as probiotic agents are lactic acid bacteria, such as Lactobacillus reuteri, which is one of the few endogenous Lactobacillus species found in the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates, including humans, rats, pigs and chickens. L. reuteri is one of the most well documented probiotic species and has been widely utilized as a probiotic in humans and animals for many years. Initially, L. reuteri was used in humans to reduce the incidence and the severity of diarrhea, prevent colic and necrotic enterocolitis, and maintain a functional mucosal barrier. As interest in alternatives to in-feed antibiotics has grown in recent years, some evidence has emerged that probiotics may promote growth, improve the efficiency of feed utilization, prevent diarrhea, and regulate the immune system in pigs. In this review, the characteristics of L. reuteri are described, in order to update the evidence on the efficacy of using L. reuteri in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Fengjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Yang F, Hou C, Zeng X, Qiao S. The use of lactic Acid bacteria as a probiotic in Swine diets. Pathogens 2015; 4:34-45. [PMID: 25633489 PMCID: PMC4384071 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens4010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As the resistance of pathogens to antibiotics and the possibility of antibiotic residues in animal products attract increasing attention, the interest in the use of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics has been growing. Recent research with Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in pigs suggests that LAB provide a potential alternative to antibiotic strategies. LAB include Lactobacillus species, Bifidobacterium spp, Bacillus spp, and some other microbes. LAB can adjust the intestinal environment, inhibit or kill pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract and improve the microbial balance in the intestine, as well as regulate intestinal mucosal immunity and maintain intestinal barrier function, thereby benefiting the health of pigs. The related mechanisms for these effects of LAB may include producing microbicidal substances with effects against gastrointestinal pathogens and other harmful microbes, competing with pathogens for binding sites on the intestinal epithelial cell surface and mucin as well as stimulating the immune system. In this review, the characteristics of LAB and their probiotic effects in newborn piglets, weaned piglets, growing pigs and sows are documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Chengli Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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Evaluation of clinical safety and tolerance of a Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 supplement capsule: a randomized control trial. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 63:313-20. [PMID: 22561556 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A significant number of human clinical trials have reported no adverse effects associated with consumption of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri). In the present study, the clinical safety and toxicology of oral ingestion of supplement capsules containing L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 was investigated. A randomized group of 131 subjects received a dose of 2.9×10⁹ CFU L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 capsules (n=67) or placebo capsules (n=64) twice daily for 9 weeks. Clinical chemistry and hematological parameters of safety were analyzed. The frequency, duration and intensity of adverse events (AE)s and clinical significance of safety parameters were recorded for both groups. No clinically significant differences between the probiotic capsule and placebo capsule treated groups were detected in either the blood clinical chemistry or hematology results. The frequency and intensity of AEs was similar in the two groups. These results demonstrate that administration of a twice daily dose of 2.9×10⁹ CFU was safe and well tolerated in the population evaluated over 9 weeks.
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Evaluation of safety and tolerance of microencapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2216-23. [PMID: 22425689 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic organisms have shown promise in treating diseases. Previously, we have reported on the efficacy of microencapsulated Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation at lowering serum cholesterol levels in otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults. This study investigates the safety and toxicology of oral ingestion of microencapsulated L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 in a yogurt formulation. A randomized group of 120 subjects received a dose of 5 × 10(10) CFU microencapsulated L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 in yogurt (n=59) or placebo yogurt (n=61) twice/day for 6 weeks. Clinical chemistry and hematological parameters of safety were analyzed. Fecal samples were collected at these time points for the analysis of deconjugated bile acids. The frequency, duration and intensity of adverse events (AEs) and clinical significance of safety parameters were recorded for both groups. No clinically significant differences between the probiotic yogurt and placebo yogurt treated groups were detected in either the blood clinical chemistry or hematology results and there was no significant increase in fecal deconjugated bile acids (P>0.05) between treated and control groups. The frequency and intensity of AEs was similar in the two groups. These results demonstrate the safe use of this formulation in food.
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12
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Pancheniak EDFR, Maziero MT, Rodriguez-León JA, Parada JL, Spier MR, Soccol CR. Molecular characterisation and biomass and metabolite production of Lactobacillus reuteri LPB P01-001: A potential probiotic. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:135-47. [PMID: 24031812 PMCID: PMC3768958 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220120001000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri LPB P01–001 was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of wild swine and was characterised by biochemical testing and sequencing of gene 16S rRNA. A simple and low-cost culture medium based on cane sugar (2.5% p/v) and yeast extract (1% p/v) was used in the production of this probiotic. The fermentative conditions were a) pH control at 6.5 and b) no pH control; both were set at 37°C in a 12 L slightly stirred tank bioreactor. Fermentation parameters such as the specific growth rate, productivity and yield of biomass, lactic and acetic acid levels were determined. L. reuteri LPB P01–001 behaves as an aciduric bacteria because it grows better in a low pH medium without pH control. However, the lactic acid production yield was practically half (9.22 g.L-1) of that obtained under a constant pH of 6.5, which reached 30.5 g.L-1 after 28 hours of fermentation. The acetic acid production was also higher under pH-controlled fermentation, reaching 10.09 g.L-1after 28 hours of fermentation. These parameters may raise the interest of those committed to the efficient production of a probiotic agent for swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizete de F R Pancheniak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Paraná , Curitiba, PR , Brasil
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