1
|
Engevik M, Ruan W, Visuthranukul C, Shi Z, Engevik KA, Engevik AC, Fultz R, Schady DA, Spinler JK, Versalovic J. Limosilactobacillus reuteri ATCC 6475 metabolites upregulate the serotonin transporter in the intestinal epithelium. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:583-599. [PMID: 34550056 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (SERT) readily takes up serotonin (5-HT), thereby regulating the availability of 5-HT within the intestine. In the absence of SERT, 5-HT remains in the interstitial space and has the potential to aberrantly activate the many 5-HT receptors distributed on the epithelium, immune cells and enteric neurons. Perturbation of SERT is common in many gastrointestinal disorders as well as mouse models of colitis. Select commensal microbes regulate intestinal SERT levels, but the mechanism of this regulation is poorly understood. Additionally, ethanol upregulates SERT in the brain and dendritic cells, but its effects in the intestine have never been examined. We report that the intestinal commensal microbe Limosilactobacillus (previously classified as Lactobacillus) reuteri ATCC PTA 6475 secretes 83.4 mM ethanol. Consistent with the activity of L. reuteri alcohol dehydrogenases, we found that L. reuteri tolerated various levels of ethanol. Application of L. reuteri conditioned media or exogenous ethanol to human colonic T84 cells was found to upregulate SERT at the level of mRNA. A 4-(4-(dimethylamino) phenyl)-1-methylpyridinium (APP+) uptake assay confirmed the functional activity of SERT. These findings were mirrored in mouse colonic organoids, where L. reuteri metabolites and ethanol were found to upregulate SERT at the apical membrane. Finally, in a trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid model of acute colitis, we observed that mice treated with L. reuteri maintained SERT at the colon membrane compared with mice receiving phosphate buffered saline vehicle control. These data suggest that L. reuteri metabolites, including ethanol, can upregulate SERT and may be beneficial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis with respect to serotonin signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Engevik
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashely Ave, BSB 626, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - W Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, 6701 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - C Visuthranukul
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Z Shi
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - K A Engevik
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 7703, USA
| | - A C Engevik
- Departments of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - R Fultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0625, USA
| | - D A Schady
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - J K Spinler
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - J Versalovic
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang Z, Zhou X, Stanton C, Ross RP, Zhao J, Zhang H, Yang B, Chen W. Comparative Genomics and Specific Functional Characteristics Analysis of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091992. [PMID: 34576887 PMCID: PMC8464880 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a common kind of lactic acid bacteria usually found in the human gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, vagina, and various fermented foods. At present, many studies have focused on the probiotic function and industrial application of L. acidophilus. Additionally, dozens of L. acidophilus strains have been genome sequenced, but there has been no research to compare them at the genomic level. In this study, 46 strains of L. acidophilus were performed comparative analyses to explore their genetic diversity. The results showed that all the L. acidophilus strains were divided into two clusters based on ANI values, phylogenetic analysis and whole genome comparison, due to the difference of their predicted gene composition of bacteriocin operon, CRISPR-Cas systems and prophages mainly. Additionally, L. acidophilus was a pan-genome open species with a difference in carbohydrates utilization, antibiotic resistance, EPS operon, surface layer protein operon and other functional gene composition. This work provides a better understanding of L. acidophilus from a genetic perspective, and offers a frame for the biotechnological potentiality of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.H.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingya Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.H.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.S.); (R.P.R.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland
| | - Reynolds Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.S.); (R.P.R.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.H.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.H.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.H.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (C.S.); (R.P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-510-8591-2155
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.H.); (X.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao X, Kong J, Zhu H, Mao B, Cui S, Zhao J. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Lactococcus response to environmental stress: Mechanisms and application of cross-protection to improve resistance against freeze-drying. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:802-821. [PMID: 34365708 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The review deals with lactic acid bacteria in characterizing the stress adaptation with cross-protection effects, mainly associated with Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Lactococcus. It focuses on adaptation and cross-protection in Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Lactococcus, including heat shocking, cold stress, acid stress, osmotic stress, starvation effect, etc. Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed databases were used for the systematic search of literature up to the year 2020. The literature suggests that a lower survival rate during freeze-drying is linked to environmental stress. Protective pretreatment under various mild stresses can be applied to lactic acid bacteria which may enhance resistance in a strain-dependent manner. We investigate the mechanism of damage and adaptation under various stresses including heat, cold, acidic, osmotic, starvation, oxidative and bile stress. Adaptive mechanisms include synthesis of stress-induced proteins, adjusting the composition of cell membrane fatty acids, accumulating compatible substances, etc. Next, we reveal the cross-protective effect of specific stress on the other environmental stresses. Freeze-drying is discussed from three perspectives including the regulation of membrane, accumulation of compatible solutes and the production of chaperones and stress-responsive proteases. The resistance of lactic acid bacteria against technological stress can be enhanced via cross-protection, which improves industrial efficiency concerning the survival of probiotics. However, the adaptive responses and cross-protection are strain-dependent and should be optimized case by case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Kong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongkang Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pabari K, Pithva S, Kothari C, Purama RK, Kondepudi KK, Vyas BRM, Kothari R, Ambalam P. Evaluation of Probiotic Properties and Prebiotic Utilization Potential of Weissella paramesenteroides Isolated From Fruits. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:1126-1138. [PMID: 31942681 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Weissella paramesenteroides has gained a considerable attention as bacteriocin and exopolysaccharide producers. However, potential of W. paramesenteroides to utilize different prebiotics is unexplored area of research. Fruits being vectors of various probiotics, five W. paramesenteroides strains, namely, FX1, FX2, FX5, FX9, and FX12, were isolated from different fruits. They were screened and selected based on their ability to survive at pH 2.5 and in 1.0% sodium taurocholate, high cell surface hydrophobicity, mucin adhesion, bile-induced biofilm formation, antimicrobial activity (AMA) against selected enteropathogens, and prebiotic utilization ability, implicating the functional properties of these strains. In vitro safety evaluation showed that strains were susceptible to antibiotics except vancomycin and did not harbor any virulent traits such as biogenic amine production, hemolysis, and DNase production. Based on their functionality, two strains FX5 and FX9 were selected for prebiotic utilization studies by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production by high performance liquid chromatography. TLC profile evinced the ability of these two strains to utilize low molecular weight galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS), as only the upper low molecular weight fractions were disappeared from cell-free-supernatants (CFS). Enhanced β-galactosidase activity correlated with galactose accumulation in residual CFS of GOS displayed GOS utilization ability. Both the strains exhibited AMA against E. coli and Staph. aureus and high SCFAs production in the presence of prebiotic, suggesting their synbiotic potential. Thus, W. paramesenteroides strains FX5 and FX9 exhibit potential probiotic properties with prebiotic utilization and can be taken forward to evaluate synergistic synbiotic potential in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Pabari
- Department of Biotechnology, Christ College, Vidya Niketan, Saurashtra University, PO, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India.,UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sheetal Pithva
- Government Science College, Sector 15, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Charmy Kothari
- Department of Biotechnology, Christ College, Vidya Niketan, Saurashtra University, PO, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Ravi Kiran Purama
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Marg, Po Box No. 10531, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Ramesh Kothari
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India.
| | - Padma Ambalam
- Department of Biotechnology, Christ College, Vidya Niketan, Saurashtra University, PO, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Braschi G, D’Alessandro M, Gottardi D, Siroli L, Patrignani F, Lanciotti R. Effects of Sub-Lethal High Pressure Homogenization Treatment on the Adhesion Mechanisms and Stress Response Genes in Lactobacillus acidophilus 08. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:651711. [PMID: 34122365 PMCID: PMC8193580 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.651711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and adhesion are very important phenotypical traits for probiotics that confer them a competitive advantage for the resilience in the human gastrointestinal tract. This study was aimed to understand the effects over time of a 50 MPa hyperbaric treatment on the surface properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus 08 including CSH, autoaggregation, and in vitro adhesion (mucin layer and Caco-2 cells). Moreover, a link between the hurdle applied and the expression of genes involved in the general stress response (groEL and clpP) and adhesion processes (efTu and slpA) was evaluated. High pressure homogenization (HPH) at 50 MPa significantly increased the CSH percentage (H%), autoaggregation and in vitro adhesion on mucin of L. acidophilus 08 cells compared with the untreated cells. Moreover, the hyperbaric hurdle induced an upregulation of the stress response genes groEL and ef-TU together with a down regulation of the clpP and S-layer slpA genes. Looking at the protein profile, HPH-treatment showed an increase in the number or intensity of protein bands at high and low molecular weights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Braschi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | | | - Davide Gottardi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Siroli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-Food Research, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Francesca Patrignani
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-Food Research, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Rosalba Lanciotti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Agri-Food Research, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lactobacillus Cell Surface Proteins Involved in Interaction with Mucus and Extracellular Matrix Components. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3831-3841. [PMID: 33079206 PMCID: PMC7677277 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex microbial ecosystem where bacteria, through mutual interactions, cooperate in maintaining of wellbeing and health. Lactobacilli are among the most important constituents of human and animal intestinal microbiota and include many probiotic strains. Their presence ensures protection from invasion of pathogens, as well as stimulation of the immune system and protection of the intestinal flora, often exerted through the ability to interact with mucus and extracellular matrix components. The main factors responsible for mediating adhesion of pathogens and commensals to the gut are cell surface proteins that recognize host targets, as mucus layer and extracellular matrix proteins. In the last years, several adhesins have been reported to be involved in lactobacilli–host interaction often miming the same mechanism used by pathogens.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rocha-Mendoza D, Kosmerl E, Miyagusuku-Cruzado G, Giusti MM, Jiménez-Flores R, García-Cano I. Growth of lactic acid bacteria in milk phospholipids enhances their adhesion to Caco-2 cells. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7707-7718. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
8
|
Alp D, Kuleaşan H. Adhesion mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria: conventional and novel approaches for testing. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:156. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
9
|
Archer AC, Kurrey NK, Halami PM. In vitro adhesion and anti-inflammatory properties of native Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. J Appl Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29537703 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed at characterizing the adhesion and immune-stimulatory properties of native probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (MCC 2759 and MCC 2760) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii MCC 2775. METHODS AND RESULTS Adhesion of the strains was assessed in Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines. Expression of adhesion and immune markers were evaluated in Caco-2 cells by real-time qPCR. The cultures displayed >80% of adhesion to both cell lines and also induced the expression of mucin-binding protein (mub) gene in the presence of mucin, bile and pancreatin. Adhesion was mediated by carbohydrate and proteinaceous factors. The cultures stimulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in Caco-2 cells. However, pro-inflammatory genes were down-regulated upon challenge with lipopolysaccharide and IL-10 was up-regulated by the cultures. Cell wall extract of L. fermentum MCC 2760 induced the expression of IL-6 by 5·47-fold, whereas crude culture filtrate enhanced the expression of IL-10 by 14·87-fold compared to LPS control. CONCLUSIONS The bacterial cultures exhibited strong adhesion and anti-inflammatory properties. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report to reveal the role of adhesion markers of L. fermentum and L. delbrueckii by qPCR. The strain-specific anti-inflammatory property of native cultures may be useful to alleviate inflammatory conditions and develop a target-based probiotic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C Archer
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - N K Kurrey
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - P M Halami
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu L, Wu R, Zhang J, Shang N, Li P. D-Ribose Interferes with Quorum Sensing to Inhibit Biofilm Formation of Lactobacillus paraplantarum L-ZS9. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1860. [PMID: 29018429 PMCID: PMC5622935 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms help bacteria survive under adverse conditions, and the quorum sensing (QS) system plays an important role in regulating their activities. Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) have great potential to inhibit pathogenic biofilm formation and are considered possible replacements for antibiotics; however, further investigation is required to understand the mechanisms of action of QSIs and to avoid inhibitory effects on beneficial bacteria. Lactobacillus paraplantarum L-ZS9, isolated from fermented sausage, is a bacteriocin-producing bacteria that shows potential to be a probiotic starter. Since exogenous autoinducer-2 (AI-2) promoted biofilm formation of the strain, expression of genes involved in AI-2 production was determined in L. paraplantarum L-ZS9, especially the key gene luxS. D-Ribose was used to inhibit biofilm formation because of its AI-2 inhibitory activity. Twenty-seven differentially expressed proteins were identified by comparative proteomic analysis following D-ribose treatment and were functionally classified into six groups. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that AI-2 had a counteractive effect on transcription of the genes tuf, fba, gap, pgm, nfo, rib, and rpoN. Over-expression of the tuf, fba, gap, pgm, and rpoN genes promoted biofilm formation of L. paraplantarum L-ZS9, while over-expression of the nfo and rib genes inhibited biofilm formation. In conclusion, D-ribose inhibited biofilm formation of L. paraplantarum L-ZS9 by regulating multiple genes involved in the glycolytic pathway, extracellular DNA degradation and transcription, and translation. This research provides a new mechanism of QSI regulation of biofilm formation of Lactobacillus and offers a valuable reference for QSI application in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyun Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Shang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Pinglan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Malamud M, Carasi P, Bronsoms S, Trejo SA, Serradell MDLA. Lactobacillus kefiri shows inter-strain variations in the amino acid sequence of the S-layer proteins. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 110:515-530. [PMID: 28004217 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-016-0820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The S-layer is a proteinaceous envelope constituted by subunits that self-assemble to form a two-dimensional lattice that covers the surface of different species of Bacteria and Archaea, and it could be involved in cell recognition of microbes among other several distinct functions. In this work, both proteomic and genomic approaches were used to gain knowledge about the sequences of the S-layer protein (SLPs) encoding genes expressed by six aggregative and sixteen non-aggregative strains of potentially probiotic Lactobacillus kefiri. Peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) analysis confirmed the identity of SLPs extracted from L. kefiri, and based on the homology with phylogenetically related species, primers located outside and inside the SLP-genes were employed to amplify genomic DNA. The O-glycosylation site SASSAS was found in all L. kefiri SLPs. Ten strains were selected for sequencing of the complete genes. The total length of the mature proteins varies from 492 to 576 amino acids, and all SLPs have a calculated pI between 9.37 and 9.60. The N-terminal region is relatively conserved and shows a high percentage of positively charged amino acids. Major differences among strains are found in the C-terminal region. Different groups could be distinguished regarding the mature SLPs and the similarities observed in the PMF spectra. Interestingly, SLPs of the aggregative strains are 100% homologous, although these strains were isolated from different kefir grains. This knowledge provides relevant data for better understanding of the mechanisms involved in SLPs functionality and could contribute to the development of products of biotechnological interest from potentially probiotic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Malamud
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), 47 y 115, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina.,CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Carasi
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), 47 y 115, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina.,CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sílvia Bronsoms
- Unidad de Proteómica del Servicio de Proteómica y Biología Estructural (SePBioEs), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastián A Trejo
- CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Unidad de Proteómica del Servicio de Proteómica y Biología Estructural (SePBioEs), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María de Los Angeles Serradell
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), 47 y 115, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina. .,CCT-La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Jauretche (UNAJ), Florencio Varela, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Palomino MM, Waehner PM, Fina Martin J, Ojeda P, Malone L, Sánchez Rivas C, Prado Acosta M, Allievi MC, Ruzal SM. Influence of osmotic stress on the profile and gene expression of surface layer proteins in Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8475-84. [PMID: 27376794 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we studied the role of surface layer (S-layer) proteins in the adaptation of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 to the osmotic stress generated by high salt. The amounts of the predominant and the auxiliary S-layer proteins SlpA and SlpX were strongly influenced by the growth phase and high-salt conditions (0.6 M NaCl). Changes in gene expression were also observed as the mRNAs of the slpA and slpX genes increased related to the growth phase and presence of high salt. A growth stage-dependent modification on the S-layer protein profile in response to NaCl was observed: while in control conditions, the auxiliary SlpX protein represented less than 10 % of the total S-layer protein, in high-salt conditions, it increased to almost 40 % in the stationary phase. The increase in S-layer protein synthesis in the stress condition could be a consequence of or a way to counteract the fragility of the cell wall, since a decrease in the cell wall thickness and envelope components (peptidoglycan layer and lipoteichoic acid content) was observed in L. acidophilus when compared to a non-S-layer-producing species such as Lactobacillus casei. Also, the stationary phase and growth in high-salt medium resulted in increased release of S-layer proteins to the supernatant medium. Overall, these findings suggest that pre-growth in high-salt conditions would result in an advantage for the probiotic nature of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 as the increased amount and release of the S-layer might be appropriate for its antimicrobial capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Palomino
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo M Waehner
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joaquina Fina Martin
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Ojeda
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Malone
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carmen Sánchez Rivas
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Prado Acosta
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana C Allievi
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra M Ruzal
- Laboratorio Bacterias Gram Positivas, sus Fagos y Estrés, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales-UBA, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon II, piso 4, Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Celebioglu HU, Ejby M, Majumder A, Købler C, Goh YJ, Thorsen K, Schmidt B, O'Flaherty S, Abou Hachem M, Lahtinen SJ, Jacobsen S, Klaenhammer TR, Brix S, Mølhave K, Svensson B. Differential proteome and cellular adhesion analyses of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM grown on raffinose - an emerging prebiotic. Proteomics 2016; 16:1361-75. [PMID: 26959526 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Whole cell and surface proteomes were analyzed together with adhesive properties of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM (NCFM) grown on the emerging prebiotic raffinose, exemplifying a synbiotic. Adhesion of NCFM to mucin and intestinal HT-29 cells increased three-fold after culture with raffinose versus glucose, as also visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Comparative proteomics using 2D-DIGE showed 43 unique proteins to change in relative abundance in whole cell lysates from NCFM grown on raffinose compared to glucose. Furthermore, 14 unique proteins in 18 spots of the surface subproteome underwent changes identified by differential 2DE, including elongation factor G, thermostable pullulanase, and phosphate starvation inducible stress-related protein increasing in a range of +2.1 - +4.7 fold. By contrast five known moonlighting proteins decreased in relative abundance by up to -2.4 fold. Enzymes involved in raffinose catabolism were elevated in the whole cell proteome; α-galactosidase (+13.9 fold); sucrose phosphorylase (+5.4 fold) together with metabolic enzymes from the Leloir pathway for galactose utilization and the glycolysis; β-galactosidase (+5.7 fold); galactose (+2.9/+3.1 fold) and fructose (+2.8 fold) kinases. The insights at the molecular and cellular levels contributed to the understanding of the interplay of a synbiotic composed of NCFM and raffinose with the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ufuk Celebioglu
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Morten Ejby
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Avishek Majumder
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carsten Købler
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yong Jun Goh
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kristian Thorsen
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Schmidt
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sarah O'Flaherty
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Maher Abou Hachem
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Susanne Jacobsen
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Todd R Klaenhammer
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Susanne Brix
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kristian Mølhave
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yadav AK, Tyagi A, Kumar A, Saklani AC, Grover S, Batish VK. Adhesion of indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum to gut extracellular matrix and its physicochemical characterization. Arch Microbiol 2014; 197:155-64. [PMID: 25212764 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-014-1034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion to the human intestinal epithelial cell is considered as one of the important selection criteria of lactobacilli for probiotic attributes. Sixteen Lactobacillus plantarum strains from human origins were subjected for adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and their physiochemical characterization, incubation time course and effect of different pH on bacterial adhesion in vitro were studied. Four strains showed significant binding to both fibronectin and mucin. After pretreatment with pepsin and trypsin, the bacterial adhesion to ECM reduced to the level of 50 % and with lysozyme significantly decreased by 65-70 %. Treatment with LiCl also strongly inhibited (90 %) the bacterial adhesion to ECM. Tested strains showed highest binding efficacy at time course of 120 and 180 min. Additionally, the binding of Lp91 to ECM was highest at pH 6 (155 ± 2.90 CFU/well). This study proved that surface layer components are proteinaceous in nature, which contributed in adhesion of lactobacillus strains. Further, the study can provide a better platform for introduction of new indigenous probiotic strains having strong adhesion potential for future use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chandran A, Duary RK, Grover S, Batish VK. Relative expression of bacterial and host specific genes associated with probiotic survival and viability in the mice gut fed with Lactobacillus plantarum Lp91. Microbiol Res 2013; 168:555-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
16
|
Duary RK, Batish VK, Grover S. Relative gene expression of bile salt hydrolase and surface proteins in two putative indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum strains under in vitro gut conditions. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2541-52. [PMID: 21674190 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria must overcome the toxicity of bile salts secreted in the gut and adhere to the epithelial cells to enable their better colonization with extended transit time. Expression of bile salt hydrolase and other proteins on the surface of probiotic bacteria can help in better survivability and optimal functionality in the gut. Two putative Lactobacillus plantarum isolates i.e., Lp9 and Lp91 along with standard strain CSCC5276 were used. A battery of six housekeeping genes viz. gapB, dnaG, gyrA, ldhD, rpoD and 16S rRNA were evaluated by using geNorm 3.4 excel based application for normalizing the expression of bile salt hydrolase (bsh), mucus-binding protein (mub), mucus adhesion promoting protein (mapA), and elongation factor thermo unstable (EF-Tu) in Lp9 and Lp91. The maximal level of relative bsh gene expression was recorded in Lp91 with 2.89 ± 0.14, 4.57 ± 0.37 and 6.38 ± 0.19 fold increase at 2% bile salt concentration after 1, 2 and 3 h, respectively. Similarly, mub and mapA genes were maximally expressed in Lp9 at the level of 20.07 ± 1.28 and 30.92 ± 1.51 fold, when MRS was supplemented with 0.05% mucin and 1% each of bile and pancreatin (pH 6.5). However, in case of EF-Tu, the maximal expression of 42.84 ± 5.64 fold was recorded in Lp91 in the presence of mucin alone (0.05%). Hence, the expression of bsh, mub, mapA and EF-Tu could be considered as prospective biomarkers for screening of novel probiotic lactobacillus strains for optimal functionality in the gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Duary
- Department of Food Processing and Technology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam 784028, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|