1
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Choudhury AR, Nagesh AM, Gupta S, Chaturvedi PK, Kumar N, Sandeep K, Pandey D. MicroRNA signature of stromal-epithelial interactions in prostate and breast cancers. Exp Cell Res 2024; 441:114171. [PMID: 39029573 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Stromal-epithelial communication is an absolute necessity when it comes to the morphogenesis and pathogenesis of solid tissues, including the prostate and breast. So far, signalling pathways of several growth factors have been investigated. Besides such chemical factors, non-coding RNAs such as miRNAs have recently gained much interest because of their variety and complexity of action. Prostate and breast tissues being highly responsive to steroid hormones such as androgen and estrogen, respectively, it is not surprising that a huge set of available literature critically investigated the interplay between such hormones and miRNAs, especially in carcinogenesis. This review showcases our effort to highlight hormonally-related miRNAs that also somehow perturb the regular stromal-epithelial interactions during carcinogenesis in the prostate and breast. In future, we look forward to exploring how hormonal changes in the tissue microenvironment bring about miRNA-mediated changes in stromal-epithelial interactome in carcinogenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Roy Choudhury
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Biology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - A Muni Nagesh
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kumar Sandeep
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Pandey
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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2
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Confuorti C, Jaramillo M, Plante I. Hormonal regulation of miRNA during mammary gland development. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060308. [PMID: 38712984 PMCID: PMC11190577 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland is a unique organ as most of its development occurs after birth through stages of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis that are tightly regulated by circulating hormones and growth factors. Throughout development, hormonal cues induce the regulation of different pathways, ultimately leading to differential transcription and expression of genes involved in this process, but also in the activation or inhibition of post-transcriptional mechanisms of regulation. However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the different phases of mammary gland remodeling is still poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to analyze the expression of miRNA in key stages of mammary gland development in mice and to determine whether it could be associated with hormonal variation between stages. To do so, miRNAs were isolated from mouse mammary glands at stages of adulthood, pregnancy, lactation and involution, and sequenced. Results showed that 490, 473, 419, and 460 miRNAs are detected in adult, pregnant, lactating and involuting mice, respectively, most of them being common to all four groups, and 58 unique to one stage. Most genes could be divided into six clusters of expression, including two encompassing the highest number of miRNA (clusters 1 and 3) and showing opposite profiles of expression, reaching a peak at adulthood and valley at lactation, or showing the lowest expression at adulthood and peaking at lactation. GO and KEGG analyses suggest that the miRNAs differentially expressed between stages influence the expression of targets associated with mammary gland homeostasis and hormone regulation. To further understand the links between miRNA expression and hormones involved in mammary gland development, miRNAs were then sequenced in breast cells exposed to estradiol, progesterone, prolactin and oxytocin. Four, 38, 24 and 66 miRNAs were associated with progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, and oxytocin exposure, respectively. Finally, when looking at miRNAs modulated by the hormones, differentially expressed during mammary gland development, and having a pattern of expression that could be correlated with the relative levels of hormones known to be found in vivo, 16 miRNAs were identified as likely regulated by circulating hormones. Overall, our study brings a better understanding of the regulation of miRNAs throughout mammary gland development and suggests that there is a relationship between their expression and the main hormones involved in mammary gland development. Future studies will examine this role more in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Confuorti
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Maritza Jaramillo
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Isabelle Plante
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
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3
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Phannasil P, Akekawatchai C, Jitrapakdee S. MicroRNA expression profiles associated with the metastatic ability of MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:339. [PMID: 37427352 PMCID: PMC10326657 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an important worldwide public health concern. The incidence rate of breast cancer increases every year. The primary cause of death is metastasis, a process by which cancer cells spread from a primary site to secondary organs. MicroRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Dysregulation of certain miRNAs is involved in carcinogenesis, cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, the present study assessed miRNAs associated with breast cancer metastasis using two breast cancer cell lines, the low-metastatic MCF-7 and the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231. miRNA array analysis of both cell lines indicated that 46 miRNAs were differentially expressed when compared between the two cell lines. A total of 16 miRNAs were upregulated in MDA-MB-231 compared with MCF-7 cells, which suggested that their expression levels may be associated with the highly invasive phenotype of MDA-MB-231 cells. Among these miRNAs, miR-222-3p was selected for further study and its expression was confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Under both non-adherent and adherent culture conditions, the expression levels of miR-222-3p in the MDA-MB-231 cell line were higher than those noted in the MCF-7 cell line under the same conditions. Suppression of endogenous miR-222-3p expression in MDA-MB-231 cells using a miR-222-3p inhibitor resulted in a 20-40% reduction in proliferation, and a ~30% reduction in migration, which suggested that the aggressive phenotype of MDA-MB-231 cells was partly regulated by miR-222-3p. Bioinformatic analysis of miR-222-3p using TargetScan 8.0, miRDB and PicTar identified 25 common mRNA targets, such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, ADP-ribosylation factor 4, iroquois homeobox 5 and Bcl2 modifying factor. The results of the present study indicated that miR-222-3p was potentially associated with the proliferation and migratory ability of the MDA-MB-231 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatchariya Phannasil
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Chareeporn Akekawatchai
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumtani 12121, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Jitrapakdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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4
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Lü J, Zhao Q, Guo Y, Li D, Xie H, Liu C, Hu X, Liu S, Hou Z, Wei X, Zheng D, Pestell RG, Yu Z. Regulation of ERα-dependent breast cancer metastasis by a miR-29a signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:93. [PMID: 37081505 PMCID: PMC10116798 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02665-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant breast cancer (BC) remains incurable mainly due to the cancer cell metastasis, which is mostly related to the status of Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). However, our understanding of the mechanisms through which ERα regulates cancer cell metastasis remains limited. Here we identified a miR-29a-PTEN-AKT axis as a downstream signaling pathway of ERα governing breast cancer progression and metastasis. Two estrogen response element (ERE) half sites were identified in the promoter and enhancer regions of miR-29a, which mediated transcriptional regulation of miR-29a by ERα. Low level of miR-29a showed association with reduced metastasis and better survival in ERα+ luminal subtype of BC. In contrast, high level of miR-29a was detected in ERα- triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in association with distant metastasis and poor survival. miR-29a overexpression in BC tumors increased the number of circulating tumor cells and promoted lung metastasis in mice. Targeted knockdown of miR-29a in TNBC cells in vitro or administration of a nanotechnology-based anti-miR-29a delivery in TNBC tumor-bearing mice in vivo suppressed cellular invasion, EMT and lung metastasis. PTEN was identified as a direct target of miR-29a, inducing EMT and metastasis via AKT signaling. A small molecular inhibitor of AKT attenuated miR-29a-induced EMT. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism responsible for ERα-regulated breast cancer metastasis, and reveal the combination of ERα status and miR-29a levels as a new risk indicator in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Lü
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuefan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Danni Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Heying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, China
| | - Suling Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, 201321, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Hou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Departments of Genetics, Neurology, and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10462, USA
| | - Richard G Pestell
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, and Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA
- The Wistar Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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5
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Treeck O, Haerteis S, Ortmann O. Non-Coding RNAs Modulating Estrogen Signaling and Response to Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061632. [PMID: 36980520 PMCID: PMC10046587 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The largest part of human DNA is transcribed into RNA that does not code for proteins. These non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of protein-coding gene expression and have been shown to play important roles in health, disease and therapy response. Today, endocrine therapy of ERα-positive breast cancer (BC) is a successful treatment approach, but resistance to this therapy is a major clinical problem. Therefore, a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms is important to overcome this resistance. An increasing amount of evidence demonstrate that ncRNAs affect the response to endocrine therapy. Thus, ncRNAs are considered versatile biomarkers to predict or monitor therapy response. In this review article, we intend to give a summary and update on the effects of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) on estrogen signaling in BC cells, this pathway being the target of endocrine therapy, and their role in therapy resistance. For this purpose, we reviewed articles on these topics listed in the PubMed database. Finally, we provide an assessment regarding the clinical use of these ncRNA types, particularly their circulating forms, as predictive BC biomarkers and their potential role as therapy targets to overcome endocrine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Treeck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Ortmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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6
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Richard V, Nair MG, Jaikumar VS, Jones S, Prabhu JS, Kerin MJ. Cell State Transitions and Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Luminal Breast Cancer Implicating MicroRNAs as Potential Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043497. [PMID: 36834918 PMCID: PMC9967449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer subtypes respond poorly to endocrine and trastuzumab treatments due to cellular heterogeneity arising from the phenotype transitions, accounted for mainly by the loss of receptor expression. The origins of basal-like and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer subtypes have been attributed to genetic and protein modifications in stem-like cells and luminal progenitor cell populations, respectively. The post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression is known to be influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) that are deemed to be master regulators of several biological processes in breast tumorigenesis and progression. Our objective was to identify the fractions of luminal breast cancer cells that share stemness potentials and marker profiles and to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanism that drives transitions between fractions, leading to receptor discordances. Established breast cancer cell lines of all prominent subtypes were screened for the expression of putative cancer stem cell (CSC) markers and drug transporter proteins using a side population (SP) assay. Flow-cytometry-sorted fractions of luminal cancer cells implanted in immunocompromised mice generated a pre-clinical estrogen receptor alpha (ERα+) animal model with multiple tumorigenic fractions displaying differential expression of drug transporters and hormone receptors. Despite an abundance of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene transcripts, few fractions transitioned to the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotype with a visible loss of ER protein expression and a distinct microRNA expression profile that is reportedly enriched in breast CSCs. The translation of this study has the potential to provide novel therapeutic miRNA-based targets to counter the dreaded subtype transitions and the failure of antihormonal therapies in the luminal breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinitha Richard
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, H91 V4AY Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (M.J.K.)
| | - Madhumathy G. Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John’s Research Institute, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishnu S. Jaikumar
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695585, Kerala, India
| | - Sara Jones
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695585, Kerala, India
| | - Jyothi S. Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John’s Research Institute, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India
| | - Michael J. Kerin
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, H91 V4AY Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (M.J.K.)
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7
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Antoniali G, Dalla E, Mangiapane G, Zhao X, Jing X, Cheng Y, De Sanctis V, Ayyildiz D, Piazza S, Li M, Tell G. APE1 controls DICER1 expression in NSCLC through miR-33a and miR-130b. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:446. [PMID: 35876890 PMCID: PMC9314295 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests different, not completely understood roles of microRNA biogenesis in the development and progression of lung cancer. The overexpression of the DNA repair protein apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) is an important cause of poor chemotherapeutic response in lung cancer and its involvement in onco-miRNAs biogenesis has been recently described. Whether APE1 regulates miRNAs acting as prognostic biomarkers of lung cancer has not been investigated, yet. In this study, we analyzed miRNAs differential expression upon APE1 depletion in the A549 lung cancer cell line using high-throughput methods. We defined a signature of 13 miRNAs that strongly correlate with APE1 expression in human lung cancer: miR-1246, miR-4488, miR-24, miR-183, miR-660, miR-130b, miR-543, miR-200c, miR-376c, miR-218, miR-146a, miR-92b and miR-33a. Functional enrichment analysis of this signature revealed its biological relevance in cancer cell proliferation and survival. We validated DICER1 as a direct functional target of the APE1-regulated miRNA-33a-5p and miR-130b-3p. Importantly, IHC analyses of different human tumors confirmed a negative correlation existing between APE1 and Dicer1 protein levels. DICER1 downregulation represents a prognostic marker of cancer development but the mechanisms at the basis of this phenomenon are still completely unknown. Our findings, suggesting that APE1 modulates DICER1 expression via miR-33a and miR-130b, reveal new mechanistic insights on DICER1 regulation, which are of relevance in lung cancer chemoresistance and cancer invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mangiapane
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinming Jing
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Veronica De Sanctis
- Next Generation Sequence Facility, Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Dilara Ayyildiz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Computational Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
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8
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O’Neill KI, Kuo LW, Williams MM, Lind H, Crump LS, Hammond NG, Spoelstra NS, Caino MC, Richer JK. NPC1 Confers Metabolic Flexibility in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3543. [PMID: 35884604 PMCID: PMC9319388 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) often undergoes at least partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to facilitate metastasis. Identifying EMT-associated characteristics can reveal novel dependencies that may serve as therapeutic vulnerabilities in this aggressive breast cancer subtype. We found that NPC1, which encodes the lysosomal cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick type C1 is highly expressed in TNBC as compared to estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, and is significantly elevated in high-grade disease. We demonstrated that NPC1 is directly targeted by microRNA-200c (miR-200c), a potent suppressor of EMT, providing a mechanism for its differential expression in breast cancer subtypes. The silencing of NPC1 in TNBC causes an accumulation of cholesterol-filled lysosomes, and drives decreased growth in soft agar and invasive capacity. Conversely, overexpression of NPC1 in an ER+ cell line increases invasion and growth in soft agar. We further identified TNBC cell lines as cholesterol auxotrophs, however, they do not solely depend on NPC1 for adequate cholesterol supply. The silencing of NPC1 in TNBC cell lines led to altered mitochondrial function and morphology, suppression of mTOR signaling, and accumulation of autophagosomes. A small molecule inhibitor of NPC1, U18666A, decreased TNBC proliferation and synergized with the chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel. This work suggests that NPC1 promotes aggressive characteristics in TNBC, and identifies NPC1 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen I. O’Neill
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - Li-Wei Kuo
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - Michelle M. Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - Hanne Lind
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - Lyndsey S. Crump
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - Nia G. Hammond
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - Nicole S. Spoelstra
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
| | - M. Cecilia Caino
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Jennifer K. Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.I.O.); (L.-W.K.); (M.M.W.); (H.L.); (L.S.C.); (N.G.H.); (N.S.S.)
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9
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Li Z, Spoelstra NS, Sikora MJ, Sams SB, Elias A, Richer JK, Lee AV, Oesterreich S. Mutual exclusivity of ESR1 and TP53 mutations in endocrine resistant metastatic breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:62. [PMID: 35538119 PMCID: PMC9090919 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00426-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both TP53 and ESR1 mutations occur frequently in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancers (MBC) and their distinct roles in breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression are well appreciated. Recent clinical studies discovered mutual exclusivity between TP53 and ESR1 mutations in metastatic breast cancers; however, mechanisms underlying this intriguing clinical observation remain largely understudied and unknown. Here, we explored the interplay between TP53 and ESR1 mutations using publicly available clinical and experimental data sets. We first confirmed the robust mutational exclusivity using six independent cohorts with 1,056 ER+ MBC samples and found that the exclusivity broadly applies to all ER+ breast tumors regardless of their clinical and distinct mutational features. ESR1 mutant tumors do not exhibit differential p53 pathway activity, whereas we identified attenuated ER activity and expression in TP53 mutant tumors, driven by a p53-associated E2 response gene signature. Further, 81% of these p53-associated E2 response genes are either direct targets of wild-type (WT) p53-regulated transactivation or are mutant p53-associated microRNAs, representing bimodal mechanisms of ER suppression. Lastly, we analyzed the very rare cases with co-occurrences of TP53 and ESR1 mutations and found that their simultaneous presence was also associated with reduced ER activity. In addition, tumors with dual mutations showed higher levels of total and PD-L1 positive macrophages. In summary, our study utilized multiple publicly available sources to explore the mechanism underlying the mutual exclusivity between ESR1 and TP53 mutations, providing further insights and testable hypotheses of the molecular interplay between these two pivotal genes in ER+ MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicole S Spoelstra
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew J Sikora
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sharon B Sams
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anthony Elias
- School of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer K Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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10
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Elevated Expression of miR-200c/141 in MDA-MB-231 Cells Suppresses MXRA8 Levels and Impairs Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis In Vivo. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040691. [PMID: 35456497 PMCID: PMC9032019 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cells with mesenchymal characteristics, particularly the claudin-low subtype, express extremely low levels of miR-200s. Therefore, this study examined the functional impact of restoring miR-200 expression in a human claudin-low breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. MDA-MB-231 cells were stably transfected with a control vector (MDA-231EV) or the miR-200c/141 cluster (MDA-231c141). Injection of MDA-231c141 cells into the 4th mammary gland of NCG mice produced tumors that developed significantly slower than tumors produced by MDA-231EV cells. Spontaneous metastasis to the lungs was also significantly reduced in MDA-231c141 cells compared to MDA-231EV cells. RNA sequencing of MDA-231EV and MDA-231c141 tumors identified genes including MXRA8 as being downregulated in the MDA-231c141 tumors. MXRA8 was further investigated as elevated levels of MXRA8 were associated with reduced distant metastasis free survival in breast cancer patients. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting confirmed that MXRA8 expression was significantly higher in mammary tumors induced by MDA-231EV cells compared to those induced by MDA-231c141 cells. In addition, MXRA8 protein was present at high levels in metastatic tumor cells found in the lungs. This is the first study to implicate MXRA8 in human breast cancer, and our data suggests that miR-200s inhibit growth and metastasis of claudin-low mammary tumor cells in vivo through downregulating MXRA8 expression.
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Hassani B, Mollanoori H, Pouresmaeili F, Asgari Y, Ghafouri-Fard S. Constructing mRNA, miRNA, circRNA and lncRNA regulatory network by Analysis of microarray data in breast cancer. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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12
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Kalinkova L, Nikolaieva N, Smolkova B, Ciernikova S, Kajo K, Bella V, Kajabova VH, Kosnacova H, Minarik G, Fridrichova I. miR-205-5p Downregulation and ZEB1 Upregulation Characterize the Disseminated Tumor Cells in Patients with Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010103. [PMID: 35008529 PMCID: PMC8744876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dissemination of breast cancer (BC) cells through the hematogenous or lymphogenous vessels leads to metastatic disease in one-third of BC patients. Therefore, we investigated the new prognostic features for invasion and metastasis. Methods: We evaluated the expression of miRNAs and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes in relation to CDH1/E-cadherin changes in samples from 31 patients with invasive ductal BC including tumor centrum (TU-C), tumor invasive front (TU-IF), lymph node metastasis (LNM), and CD45-depleted blood (CD45-DB). Expression of miRNA and mRNA was quantified by RT-PCR arrays and associations with clinico-pathological characteristics were statistically evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: We did not verify CDH1 regulating associations previously described in cell lines. However, we did detect extremely high ZEB1 expression in LNMs from patients with distant metastasis, but without regulation by miR-205-5p. Considering the ZEB1 functions, this overexpression indicates enhancement of metastatic potential of lymphogenously disseminated BC cells. In CD45-DB samples, downregulated miR-205-5p was found in those expressing epithelial and/or mesenchymal markers (CTC+) that could contribute to insusceptibility and survival of hematogenously disseminated BC cells mediated by increased expression of several targets including ZEB1. Conclusions: miR-205-5p and potentially ZEB1 gene are promising candidates for markers of metastatic potential in ductal BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kalinkova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.K.); (N.N.); (S.C.); (K.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Nataliia Nikolaieva
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.K.); (N.N.); (S.C.); (K.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.S.); (V.H.K.)
| | - Sona Ciernikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.K.); (N.N.); (S.C.); (K.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.K.); (N.N.); (S.C.); (K.K.); (H.K.)
- Department of Pathology, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, 81250 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Bella
- Department of Senology, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, 81250 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Viera Horvathova Kajabova
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.S.); (V.H.K.)
| | - Helena Kosnacova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.K.); (N.N.); (S.C.); (K.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Gabriel Minarik
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Ivana Fridrichova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.K.); (N.N.); (S.C.); (K.K.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-02-32295188
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Williams MM, Hafeez SA, Christenson JL, O’Neill KI, Hammond NG, Richer JK. Reversing an Oncogenic Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Program in Breast Cancer Reveals Actionable Immune Suppressive Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111122. [PMID: 34832904 PMCID: PMC8622696 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Approval of checkpoint inhibitors for treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) has opened the door for the use of immunotherapies against this disease. However, not all patients with mTNBC respond to current immunotherapy approaches such as checkpoint inhibitors. Recent evidence demonstrates that TNBC metastases are more immune suppressed than primary tumors, suggesting that combination or additional immunotherapy strategies may be required to activate an anti-tumor immune attack at metastatic sites. To identify other immune suppressive mechanisms utilized by mTNBC, our group and others manipulated oncogenic epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) programs in TNBC models to reveal differences between this breast cancer subtype and its more epithelial counterpart. This review will discuss how EMT modulation revealed several mechanisms, including tumor cell metabolism, cytokine milieu and secretion of additional immune modulators, by which mTNBC cells may suppress both the innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune responses. Many of these pathways/proteins are under preclinical or clinical investigation as therapeutic targets in mTNBC and other advanced cancers to enhance their response to chemotherapy and/or checkpoint inhibitors.
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Insulin Resistance and Cancer: In Search for a Causal Link. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011137. [PMID: 34681797 PMCID: PMC8540232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition which refers to individuals whose cells and tissues become insensitive to the peptide hormone, insulin. Over the recent years, a wealth of data has made it clear that a synergistic relationship exists between IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Although the underlying mechanism(s) for this association remain unclear, it is well established that hyperinsulinemia, a hallmark of IR, may play a role in tumorigenesis. On the other hand, IR is strongly associated with visceral adiposity dysfunction and systemic inflammation, two conditions which favor the establishment of a pro-tumorigenic environment. Similarly, epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, in IR states, have been often associated with tumorigenesis in numerous types of human cancer. In addition to these observations, it is also broadly accepted that gut microbiota may play an intriguing role in the development of IR-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cancer, whereas potential chemopreventive properties have been attributed to some of the most commonly used antidiabetic medications. Herein we provide a concise overview of the most recent literature in this field and discuss how different but interrelated molecular pathways may impact on tumor development.
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Karampitsakos T, Papaioannou O, Katsaras M, Sampsonas F, Tzouvelekis A. Interstitial Lung Diseases and the Impact of Gender. Clin Chest Med 2021; 42:531-541. [PMID: 34353457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases encompass an amalgamated group of heterogeneous lung disorders, characterized by variable clinical and radiologic patterns. Despite an increase in our knowledge, pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases remains largely unknown. Experimental evidence on the role of sex hormones in lung development and epidemiologic associations of gender differences with interstitial lung diseases prevalence fueled studies investigating the role of gender and sex hormones in the pathogenesis and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. This review summarizes experimental and clinical data for the impact of gender and sex hormones on interstitial lung diseases and highlights future perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthaios Katsaras
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Greece
| | - Fotios Sampsonas
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Greece
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Barazetti JF, Jucoski TS, Carvalho TM, Veiga RN, Kohler AF, Baig J, Al Bizri H, Gradia DF, Mader S, Carvalho de Oliveira J. From Micro to Long: Non-Coding RNAs in Tamoxifen Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3688. [PMID: 34359587 PMCID: PMC8345104 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Two thirds of patients are classified as hormone receptor positive, based on expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), the main driver of breast cancer cell proliferation, and/or progesterone receptor, which is regulated by ERα. Despite presenting the best prognosis, these tumors can recur when patients acquire resistance to treatment by aromatase inhibitors or antiestrogen such as tamoxifen (Tam). The mechanisms that are involved in Tam resistance are complex and involve multiple signaling pathways. Recently, roles for microRNAs and lncRNAs in controlling ER expression and/or tamoxifen action have been described, but the underlying mechanisms are still little explored. In this review, we will discuss the current state of knowledge on the roles of microRNAs and lncRNAs in the main mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. In the future, this knowledge can be used to identify patients at a greater risk of relapse due to the expression patterns of ncRNAs that impact response to Tam, in order to guide their treatment more efficiently and possibly to design therapeutic strategies to bypass mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Fernanda Barazetti
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Tayana Shultz Jucoski
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Tamyres Mingorance Carvalho
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Rafaela Nasser Veiga
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Ana Flávia Kohler
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Jumanah Baig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (J.B.); (H.A.B.)
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Hend Al Bizri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (J.B.); (H.A.B.)
| | - Daniela Fiori Gradia
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
| | - Sylvie Mader
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (J.B.); (H.A.B.)
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81530-000, Parana, Brazil; (J.F.B.); (T.S.J.); (T.M.C.); (R.N.V.); (A.F.K.); (D.F.G.)
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Fodor A, Lazar AL, Buchman C, Tiperciuc B, Orasan OH, Cozma A. MicroRNAs: The Link between the Metabolic Syndrome and Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126337. [PMID: 34199293 PMCID: PMC8231835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of a plethora of conditions, in particular type two diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancers. MetS is a complex entity characterized by a chronic inflammatory state that implies dysregulations of adipokins and proinflammatory cytokins together with hormonal and growth factors imbalances. Of great interest is the implication of microRNA (miRNA, miR), non-coding RNA, in cancer genesis, progression, and metastasis. The adipose tissue serves as an important source of miRs, which represent a novel class of adipokines, that play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Altered miRs secretion in the adipose tissue, in the context of MetS, might explain their implication in the oncogenesis. The interplay between miRs expressed in adipose tissue, their dysregulation and cancer pathogenesis are still intriguing, taking into consideration the fact that miRNAs show both carcinogenic and tumor suppressor effects. The aim of our review was to discuss the latest publications concerning the implication of miRs dysregulation in MetS and their significance in tumoral signaling pathways. Furthermore, we emphasized the role of miRNAs as potential target therapies and their implication in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fodor
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrtion, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Andrada Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristina Buchman
- Department of Oncology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Brandusa Tiperciuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Cozma
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
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18
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Zheng W, Xie W, Fu L, Fu Z. miR-340 Restrains the Growth of Lung Cancer Cells Through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The lung cancer was most deadly tumor in the world and the suvival rate needs to be improved clinically and urgently. The abnormal miR-340 expression is found in several solid tumors. Our study was aimed to explore miR-340’s role in lung cancer. 14 cases of patients with lung
cancer was selected to measure miR-340 level by RT-PCR and analyze its correlation with clinical characteristics. The relation between the miR-340 and DICER1 was detected by dual luciferase assay and cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay along with analysis of cell migration and invasive
by Scratch-Wound experiment. The miR-340 in lung cancer cells was reduced significantly and DICER1 was predicted to be a potential target of miR-340. DICER1 level was found to be negatively related with miR-340 level. The DICER1 as the direct target gene of miR-340 was conducive to improve
miR-340 function through overexpression and knock-out experiment further. Abnormal miR-340 level affected lung cancer cell proliferation and migration as well as MAPK signaling. miR-340 could affect the biological morphology and transformation of physiological function of lung cancer cells
mainly through restraining the expression of apoptosis and prompting the cellular proliferation, indicating that it might be a novel target to improve the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhong Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Danzhou People’s Hospital, Danzhou, Hainan, 571700, China
| | - Wenrui Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Danzhou People’s Hospital, Danzhou, Hainan, 571700, China
| | - Lijuan Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Danzhou Peoples Hospital, Danzhou, Hainan, 571700, China
| | - Zhengqi Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, Danzhou People’s Hospital, Danzhou, Hainan, 571700, China
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Wu J, Zhao Q, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Tian Y, Guo Z. Dicer increases the indication for trastuzumab treatment in gastric cancer patients via overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6993. [PMID: 33772068 PMCID: PMC7997953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The low proportion of gastric cancer (GC) patients with high HER2 expression limits the clinical application of trastuzumab, a humanized epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody targeting for GC treatment. We found that Dicer was positively correlated with HER2 expression in GC tissue by immunostaining as well as induce HER2 overexpression without increasing invasiveness of GC cell. In addition, both the growth of GC referring to cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis was inhibited by Dicer overexpression. Moreover, the HER2 overexpression induced by Dicer provided more effective and additive target for trastuzumab to amplify the inhibition effect for GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, as assessed in a subsequent experiment, calcitriol induced HER2 overexpression and amplified the inhibition effect of trastuzumab in GC cells referring to proliferation. Our finding demonstrated the calcitriol might increase indication of trastuzumab by inducing HER2 overexpression in GC patients. Dicer would be a potential target that extend the clinical indications of HER2 antibody in patients with low or negative HER2, who were not fit for HER2 antibody treatment before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Wu
- Animal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Guo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People's Republic of China.
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Simpson K, Conquer-van Heumen G, Watson KL, Roth M, Martin CJ, Moorehead RA. Re-expression of miR-200s in claudin-low mammary tumor cells alters cell shape and reduces proliferation and invasion potentially through modulating other miRNAs and SUZ12 regulated genes. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:89. [PMID: 33541373 PMCID: PMC7863273 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression through binding to mRNAs and preventing their translation. One family of microRNAs known as the miR-200 family is an important regulator of epithelial identity. The miR-200 family consists of five members expressed in two distinct clusters; the miR-200c/141 cluster and the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster. We have found that murine and human mammary tumor cells with claudin-low characteristics are associated with very low levels of all five miR-200s. Methods To determine the impact of miR-200s on claudin-low mammary tumor cells, the miR-200c/141 cluster and the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster were stably re-expressed in murine (RJ423) and human (MDA-MB-231) claudin-low mammary tumor cells. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using BrdU incorporation and transwell migration across Matrigel coated inserts, respectively. miRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed to explore miRNAs and mRNAs regulated by miR-200 re-expression while Enrichr-based pathway analysis was utilized to identify cellular functions modified by miR-200s. Results Re-expression of the miR-200s in murine and human claudin-low mammary tumor cells partially restored an epithelial cell morphology and significantly inhibited proliferation and cell invasion in vitro. miRNA sequencing and mRNA sequencing revealed that re-expression of miR-200s altered the expression of other microRNAs and genes regulated by SUZ12 providing insight into the complexity of miR-200 function. SUZ12 is a member of the polycomb repressor complex 2 that suppresses gene expression through methylating histone H3 at lysine 27. Flow cytometry confirmed that re-expression of miR-200s increased histone H3 methylation at lysine 27. Conclusions Re-expression of miR-200s in claudin-low mammary tumor cells alters cell morphology and reduces proliferation and invasion, an effect potentially mediated by SUZ12-regulated genes and other microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Simpson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - G Conquer-van Heumen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - K L Watson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M Roth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - C J Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - R A Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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22
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Gonella-Diaza AM, Lopes E, Ribeiro da Silva K, Perecin Nociti R, Mamede Andrade G, Atuesta-Bustos JE, Coelho da Silveira J, Vieira Meirelles F, Binelli M. Steroidal Regulation of Oviductal microRNAs Is Associated with microRNA-Processing in Beef Cows. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:953. [PMID: 33477993 PMCID: PMC7835783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Information on molecular mechanisms through which sex-steroids regulate oviductal function to support early embryo development is lacking. Here, we hypothesized that the periovulatory endocrine milieu affects the miRNA processing machinery and miRNA expression in bovine oviductal tissues. Growth of the preovulatory follicle was controlled to obtain cows that ovulated a small follicle (SF) and subsequently bore a small corpus luteum (CL; SF-SCL) or a large follicle (LF) and large CL (LF-LCL). These groups differed in the periovulatory plasmatic sex-steroid's concentrations. Ampulla and isthmus samples were collected on day four of the estrous cycle. Abundance of DROSHA, DICER1, and AGO4 transcripts was greater in the ampulla than the isthmus. In the ampulla, transcription of these genes was greater for the SF-SCL group, while the opposite was observed in the isthmus. The expression of the 88 most abundant miRNAs and 14 miRNAs in the ampulla and 34 miRNAs in isthmus were differentially expressed between LF-LCL and SF-SCL groups. Integration of transcriptomic and miRNA data and molecular pathways enrichment showed that important pathways were inhibited in the SF-SCL group due to miRNA control. In conclusion, the endocrine milieu affects the miRNA expression in the bovine oviduct in a region-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Gonella-Diaza
- North Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Marianna, FL 32446, USA;
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 225, Avenida Duque de Caxias, Norte, Jardim, Elite, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (K.R.d.S.)
| | - Everton Lopes
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 225, Avenida Duque de Caxias, Norte, Jardim, Elite, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (K.R.d.S.)
- Unianchieta, Av. Doutor Adoniro Ladeira, 94, (Km 55, 5 Rodovia Anhanguera), Jundiaí, SP 13210-795, Brazil
| | - Kauê Ribeiro da Silva
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 225, Avenida Duque de Caxias, Norte, Jardim, Elite, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (K.R.d.S.)
| | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (R.P.N.); (G.M.A.); (J.C.d.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Gabriella Mamede Andrade
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (R.P.N.); (G.M.A.); (J.C.d.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Jorge Eduardo Atuesta-Bustos
- College of Agricultural Science—Agrarian University Foundation of Colombia-UNIAGRARIA, Calle 170 No 54a-10, Bogotá 111166, Colombia;
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (R.P.N.); (G.M.A.); (J.C.d.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (R.P.N.); (G.M.A.); (J.C.d.S.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 225, Avenida Duque de Caxias, Norte, Jardim, Elite, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (K.R.d.S.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 110910, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Singh S, Raza W, Parveen S, Meena A, Luqman S. Flavonoid display ability to target microRNAs in cancer pathogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 189:114409. [PMID: 33428895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, conserved, single-stranded nucleotide sequences involved in physiological and developmental processes. Recent evidence suggests an association between miRNAs' deregulation with initiation, promotion, progression, and drug resistance in cancer cells. Besides, miRNAs are known to regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, autophagy, and senescence in different cancer types. Previous reports proposed that apart from the antioxidant potential, flavonoids play an essential role in miRNAs modulation associated with changes in cancer-related proteins, tumor suppressor genes, and oncogenes. Thus, flavonoids can suppress proliferation, help in the development of drug sensitivity, suppress metastasis and angiogenesis by modulating miRNAs expression. In the present review, we summarize the role of miRNAs in cancer, drug resistance, and the chemopreventive potential of flavonoids mediated by miRNAs. The potential of flavonoids to modulate miRNAs expression in different cancer types demonstrate their selectivity and importance as regulators of carcinogenesis. Flavonoids as chemopreventive agents targeting miRNAs are extensively studied in vitro, in vivo, and pre-clinical studies, but their efficiency in targeting miRNAs in clinical studies is less investigated. The evidence presented in this review highlights the potential of flavonoids in cancer prevention/treatment by regulating miRNAs, although further investigations are required to validate and establish their clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shahnaz Parveen
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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24
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He J, Xu S, Ji Z, Sun Y, Cai B, Zhang S, Wang P. The role of miR-7 as a potential switch in the mouse hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis through regulation of gonadotropins. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110969. [PMID: 32781248 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis plays fundamental roles in female neuroendocrinology and reproduction. Pituitary gonadotropins are located in the center of this axis. Previous investigation suggested that miR-7 is closely linked with gonadotropins. However, the interaction between miR-7 and the HPO axis remains unclear. This study aims to determine whether and how miR-7 functions in this axis. A mouse ovariectomy model and mouse primary pituitary cells were used in this study. The results showed that miR-7 is localized to gonadotrophs and somatotrophs. miR-7 can inhibit the expression, synthesis and secretion of gonadotropins, but not growth hormones. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has inhibitory effects on miR-7, while estrogen enhances miR-7 expression. miR-7 is vital for the pathway by which GnRH and estrogen regulate gonadotropins by targeting v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1 (Raf1). Together, these results indicate that miR-7 acts as a potential switch in the feedback loop of the HPO axis by regulating gonadotropins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengjun Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhong Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyan Cai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Martin CJ, Moorehead RA. Polycomb repressor complex 2 function in breast cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:1085-1094. [PMID: 33491744 PMCID: PMC7549536 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are important contributors to the regulation of genes within the chromatin. The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a multi‑subunit protein complex that is involved in silencing gene expression through the trimethylation of lysine 27 at histone 3 (H3K27me3). The dysregulation of this modification has been associated with tumorigenicity through the increased repression of tumour suppressor genes via condensing DNA to reduce access to the transcription start site (TSS) within tumor suppressor gene promoters. In the present review, the core proteins of PRC2, as well as key accessory proteins, will be described. In addition, mechanisms controlling the recruitment of the PRC2 complex to H3K27 will be outlined. Finally, literature identifying the role of PRC2 in breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis and migration, including the potential roles of long non‑coding RNAs and the miR‑200 family will be summarized as will the potential use of the PRC2 complex as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J. Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Roger A. Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
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Kandettu A, Radhakrishnan R, Chakrabarty S, Sriharikrishnaa S, Kabekkodu SP. The emerging role of miRNA clusters in breast cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188413. [PMID: 32827583 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are essential for regulation of gene expression of the target genes. Large number of miRNAs are organized into defined units known as miRNA clusters (MCs). The MCs consist of two or more than two miRNA encoding genes driven by a single promoter, transcribed together in the same orientation, that are not separated from each other by a transcription unit. Aberrant miRNA clusters expression is reported in breast cancer (BC), exhibiting both pro-tumorogenic and anti-tumorigenic role. Altered MCs expression facilitates to breast carcinogenesis by promoting the breast cells to acquire the various hallmarks of the cancer. Since miRNA clusters contain multiple miRNA encoding genes, targeting cluster may be more attractive than targeting individual miRNAs. Besides targeting dysregulated miRNA clusters in BC, studies have focused on the mechanism of action, and its contribution to the progression of the BC. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of dysregulated miRNA clusters and its role in the acquisition of cancer hallmarks in BC. More specifically, we have presented the regulation, differential expression, classification, targets, mechanism of action, and signaling pathways of miRNA clusters in BC. Additionally, we have also discussed the potential utility of the miRNA cluster as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amoolya Kandettu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India; Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - S Sriharikrishnaa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576106, India; Center for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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27
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Ciebiera M, Włodarczyk M, Zgliczyński S, Łoziński T, Walczak K, Czekierdowski A. The Role of miRNA and Related Pathways in Pathophysiology of Uterine Fibroids-From Bench to Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21083016. [PMID: 32344726 PMCID: PMC7216240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21083016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors of the female genital tract. Their prevalence usually is estimated at 30-40%, but may reach up to 70-80% in predisposed groups of women. UFs may cause various clinical issues which might constitute the major reason of the overall deterioration of the quality of life. The mechanisms leading to UFs formation and growth still remain poorly understood. The transformation of smooth muscle cells of the uterus into abnormal, immortal cells, capable of clonal division, is thought to be a starting point of all pathways leading to UF formation. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are non-coding single-stranded RNAs about 22 nucleotides in length, that regulate gene expression. One of recent advances in this field is the comprehension of the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis. Alterations in the levels of miRNAs are related to the formation and growth of several tumors which show a distinct miRNA signature. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data about the role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of UFs. We also discuss future directions in the miRNA research area with an emphasis on novel diagnostic opportunities or patient-tailored therapies. In our opinion data concerning the regulation of miRNA and its gene targets in the UFs are still insufficient in comparison with gynecological malignancies. The potential translational use of miRNA and derived technologies in the clinical care is at the early phase and needs far more evidence. However, it is one of the main areas of interest for the future as the use of miRNAs in the diagnostics and treatment of UFs is a new and exciting opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-607-155-177
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Zgliczyński
- Department of Internal Diseases and Endocrinology, Central Teaching Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Łoziński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Walczak
- Students’ Scientific Association at the Department of Endocrinology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Artur Czekierdowski
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
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Amini S, Abak A, Sakhinia E, Abhari A. MicroRNA-221 and MicroRNA-222 in Common Human Cancers: Expression, Function, and Triggering of Tumor Progression as a Key Modulator. Lab Med 2020; 50:333-347. [PMID: 31049571 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short (~22 nucleotides [nt]), single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides that are regulatory in nature and are often dysregulated in various diseases, including cancer. miRNAs can act as oncomiRs (miRNAs associated with cancer) or tumor suppressor miRNAs and have the potential to be a diagnostic, prognostic, noninvasive biomarker for these diseases. MicroRNA-221 (miR-221) and microRNA-222 (miR-222) are homologous miRNAs, located on the human chromosome Xp11.3, which factored significantly in impairment in the regulation of a wide range of cancers. In this review, we have highlighted the most consistently reported dysregulated miRNAs that trigger human tissues to express cancerous features and surveyed the role of those miRNAs in metastasis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and tumor prognosis. Also, we applied the causes of drug resistance and the role of coordinated actions of these miRNAs to epigenetic changes and selected miRNAs as a potential type of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Amini
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Tabriz Genetic Analysis Center (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Abhari
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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29
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Rahimi M, Sharifi-Zarchi A, Zarghami N, Geranpayeh L, Ebrahimi M, Alizadeh E. Down-Regulation of miR-200c and Up-Regulation of miR-30c Target both Stemness and Metastasis Genes in Breast Cancer. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 21:467-478. [PMID: 31376329 PMCID: PMC6722452 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE microRNAs (miRNAs) play important role in progression of tumorigenesis. They can target self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) abilities in tumor cells, especially in cancer stem cells (CSCs). The objective of this study was to implement data mining to identify important miRNAs for targeting both self-renewal and EMT. We also aimed to evaluate these factors in mammospheres as model of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and metastatic tumor tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, mammospheres were derived from MCF-7 cells and characterized for the CSCs properties. Then expression pattern of the selected miRNAs in spheroids were evaluated, using the breast tumor cells obtained from seven patients. Correlation of miRNAs with self-renewal and EMT candidate genes were assessed in mammospheres and metastatic tumors. RESULTS The results showed that mammospheres represented more colonogenic and spheroid formation potential than MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). Additionally, they had enhanced migration and invasive capabilities. Our computational analyses determined that miR-200c and miR-30c could be candidates for targeting both stemness and EMT pathways. Expression level of miR-200c was reduced, while miR-30c expression level was enhanced in mammospheres, similar to the breast tumor tissues isolated from three patients with grade II/III who received neo-adjuvant treatment. Expression level of putative stem cell markers (OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC) and EMT-related genes (SNAIL1, CDH2, TWIST1/2) were also significantly increased in mammospheres and three indicated patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Simultaneous down-regulation and up-regulation of respectively miR-200c and miR-30c might be signature of BCSC enrichment in patients post neo-adjuvant therapy. Therefore, targeting both miR-200c and miR-30c could be useful for developing new therapeutic approaches, against BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Rahimi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifi-Zarchi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Lobat Geranpayeh
- Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic Address:
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30
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Role of miR-221/222 in Tumor Development and the Underlying Mechanism. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7252013. [PMID: 31929798 PMCID: PMC6942871 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7252013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-221/222 (miRNA-221/222, miR-221/222) is a noncoding microRNA which is widely distributed in eukaryotic organisms and deeply involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expressions. According to recent studies, abnormal expressions of miR-221/222 are closely related to the occurrence and development of various kinds of malignant tumors. The role of miR-221/222 in tumor development and their potential molecular mechanism in various cancers, including liver cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial carcinoma, are summarized and reviewed in this paper. Moreover, the potential translational biomarker role of abnormal miR-221/222 level in tumor or blood circulation for tumor diagnosis is also discussed.
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31
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Research Progress of the Functional Role of ACK1 in Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1018034. [PMID: 31772931 PMCID: PMC6854235 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1018034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ACK1 is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase with a unique structure, which is tightly related to the biological behavior of tumors. Previous studies have demonstrated that ACK1 was involved with multiple signaling pathways of tumor progression. Its crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis was tightly related to the prognosis and clinicopathology of cancer. ACK1 has a unique way of regulating cellular pathways, different from other nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. As an oncogenic kinase, recent studies have shown that ACK1 plays a critical regulatory role in the initiation and progression of tumors. In this review, we will be summarizing the structural characteristics, activation, and regulation of ACK1 in breast cancer, aiming to deeply understand the functional and mechanistic role of ACK1 and provide novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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32
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Nama S, Muhuri M, Di Pascale F, Quah S, Aswad L, Fullwood M, Sampath P. MicroRNA-138 is a Prognostic Biomarker for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Promotes Tumorigenesis via TUSC2 repression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12718. [PMID: 31481748 PMCID: PMC6722084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer manifests as a spectrum of subtypes with distinct molecular signatures, and different responses to treatment. Of these subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognoses and limited therapeutic options. Here we report aberrant expression of microRNA-138 (miR-138) in TNBC. Increased miR-138 expression is highly specific to this subtype, correlates with poor prognosis in patients, and is functionally relevant to cancer progression. Our findings establish miR-138 as a specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for TNBC. OncomiR-138 is pro-survival; sequence-specific miR-138 inhibition blocks proliferation, promotes apoptosis and inhibits tumour growth in-vivo. miR-138 directly targets a suite of pro-apoptotic and tumour suppressive genes, including tumour suppressor candidate 2 (TUSC2). miR-138 silences TUSC2 by binding to a unique 5′-UTR target-site, which overlaps with the translation start-site of the transcript. Over-expression of TUSC2 mimics the phenotype of miR-138 knockdown and functional rescue experiments confirm that TUSC2 is a direct downstream target of miR-138. Our report of miR-138 as an oncogenic driver in TNBC, positions it as a viable target for oligonucleotide therapeutics and we envision the potential value of using antimiR-138 as an adjuvant therapy to alleviate this therapeutically intractable cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Nama
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Manish Muhuri
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Federica Di Pascale
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Shan Quah
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Luay Aswad
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Fullwood
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prabha Sampath
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore. .,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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McKiernan PJ, Smith SGJ, Durham AL, Adcock IM, McElvaney NG, Greene CM. The Estrogen-Induced miR-19 Downregulates Secretory Leucoprotease Inhibitor Expression in Monocytes. J Innate Immun 2019; 12:90-102. [PMID: 31266011 DOI: 10.1159/000500419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to females, males are more susceptible to acute viral and other respiratory tract infections that display greater severity and higher mortality. In contrast, females tend to fare worse with chronic inflammatory diseases. Circulating 17β-estradiol (E2) is a female-specific factor that may influence the progression of human lung diseases. Here we hypothesize that E2 modulates the inflammatory response of monocytes through microRNA (miRNA)-based modulation of secretory leucoprotease inhibitor (SLPI), an antiprotease with immunomodulatory effects. Monocytic cells were treated ± E2, and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using PCR profiling. Cells were transfected with miRNA mimics or antimiRs and SLPI mRNA and protein levels were quantified. Luciferase activity assay using wildtype and ΔmiR-19a/b-SLPI3'UTR reporter constructs and chromatin immunoprecipitation on E2-treated monocytes were performed. E2 downregulated SLPI and upregulated miR-19 expression in monocytes. Transfection with premiR-19b reduced SLPI mRNA and protein levels and this effect was abrogated using antimiRs against miR-19b. miR-19b directly binds the SLPI 3'UTR. The mechanism responsible for E2-mediated upregulation of miR-19 occurs via increased MIR17HG promoter activity mediated by c-MYC. Overall E2 decreases SLPI expression in human monocytic cells, via changes in miRNA expression and highlights the potential for estrogen to modulate the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J McKiernan
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen G J Smith
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew L Durham
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine M Greene
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland,
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Zhang X, Wu M, Chong QY, Zhang W, Qian P, Yan H, Qian W, Zhang M, Lobie PE, Zhu T. Amplification of hsa-miR-191/425 locus promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis by targeting DICER1. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1506-1516. [PMID: 30084985 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of micro RNAs (miRNAs) is a crucial characteristic of human cancers. Herein, we observed frequent amplification of the MIR191/425 locus in breast cancer, which is correlated with poor survival outcome. We demonstrated that the miR-191/425 cluster binds the 3' untranslated region of the DICER1 transcript and posttranscriptionally represses DICER1 expression, thereby impairing global miRNAs biogenesis. Functionally, the forced expression of miR-191 or miR-425 stimulated the proliferation, survival, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, whereas the inhibition of miR-191 or miR-425 suppressed these oncogenic behaviors of breast cancer cells, in a manner dependent on miR-191/425-mediated downregulation of DICER1. Furthermore, the miR-191/425 cluster promoted breast tumor growth, invasion and metastasis in vivo. The let-7 family of miRNAs was downregulated upon forced expression of miR-191 or miR-425, with a corresponding increase in the levels of let-7 target, high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2). The forced expression of let-7 partially abrogated the miR-191/425-mediated oncogenic effects in breast cancer cells, suggestive of let-7 as a downstream effector of the miR-191/425-DICER1 axis. Collectively, we proposed that the inhibition of global miRNA processing, through miR-191/425-mediated downregulation of DICER1, promotes breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Research Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Wenchang Qian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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35
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Antony J, Thiery JP, Huang RYJ. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition: lessons from development, insights into cancer and the potential of EMT-subtype based therapeutic intervention. Phys Biol 2019; 16:041004. [PMID: 30939460 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ab157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental developmental process wherein polarized epithelial cells lose their junctional architecture and apical-basal polarity to become motile mesenchymal cells, and there is emerging evidence for its role in propagating tumor dissemination. While many multifaceted nodules converge onto the EMT program, in this review we will highlight the fundamental biology of the signaling schemas that enable EMT. In many cancers, the property of tumor dissemination and metastasis is closely associated with re-enabling developmental properties such as EMT. We discuss the molecular complexity of the tumor heterogeneity in terms of EMT-based gene expression molecular subtypes, and the rewiring of critical signaling nodules in the subtypes displaying higher degrees of EMT can be therapeutically exploited. Specifically in the context of a deadly malignancy such as ovarian cancer where there are no defined mutations or limited biomarkers for developing targeted therapy or personalized medicine, we highlight the importance of identifying EMT-based subtypes that will improve therapeutic intervention. In ovarian cancer, the poor prognosis mesenchymal 'Mes' subtype presents with amplified signaling of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL, extensive crosstalk with other RTKs such as cMET, EGFR and HER2, and sustained temporal activation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) leading to induction of EMT transcription factor Slug, underscoring a pathway addiction in Mes that can be therapeutically targeted. We will further examine the emergence of therapeutic modalities in these EMT subtypes and finally conclude with potential interdisciplinary biophysical methodologies to provide additional insights in deciphering the mechanistic and biochemical aspects of EMT. This review intends to provide an overview of the cellular and molecular changes accompanying epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in development and the requisition of this evolutionarily conserved pathway in cancer progression and metastatic disease. Specifically, in a heterogeneous disease such as ovarian cancer lacking defined targetable mutations, the identification of EMT-based subtypes has opened avenues to tailor precision personalized medicine. In particular, using the oncogenic RTK AXL as an example, we will highlight how this classification enables EMT-subtype specific identification of targets that could improve treatment options for patients and how there is a growing need for biophysical approaches to model dynamic processes such as EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Antony
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
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36
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Fuentes N, Silveyra P. Endocrine regulation of lung disease and inflammation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1313-1322. [PMID: 30509139 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218816653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Sex-differences in the incidence and severity of inflammatory lung diseases have been recognized for years. Women of reproductive age are more likely to suffer from chronic lung disease, with higher mortality rates than men. Physiological changes in hormone levels such as those occurring during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause have been associated with lung function changes and asthma symptoms. Despite this, the roles of sex hormones in the mechanisms associated with lung diseases have not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes basic and clinical studies of sex hormones as potential modulators of lung function and inflammation. The information obtained from sex-specific research on lung physiology and pathology will potentially help in the development of sex-specific therapeutics for inflammatory lung disease that may account for the hormonal status of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Fuentes
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
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37
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Rogers TJ, Christenson JL, Greene LI, O'Neill KI, Williams MM, Gordon MA, Nemkov T, D'Alessandro A, Degala GD, Shin J, Tan AC, Cittelly DM, Lambert JR, Richer JK. Reversal of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer EMT by miR-200c Decreases Tryptophan Catabolism and a Program of Immunosuppression. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:30-41. [PMID: 30213797 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2), a rate-limiting enzyme in the tryptophan catabolism pathway, is induced in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by inflammatory signals and anchorage-independent conditions. TNBCs express extremely low levels of the miR-200 family compared with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. In normal epithelial cells and ER+ breast cancers and cell lines, high levels of the family member miR-200c serve to target and repress genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To identify mechanism(s) that permit TNBC to express TDO2 and other proteins not expressed in the more well-differentiated ER+ breast cancers, miRNA-200c was restored in TNBC cell lines. The data demonstrate that miR-200c targeted TDO2 directly resulting in reduced production of the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. Furthermore, in addition to reversing a classic EMT signature, miR-200c repressed many genes encoding immunosuppressive factors including CD274/CD273, HMOX-1, and GDF15. Restoration of miR-200c revealed a mechanism, whereby TNBC hijacks a gene expression program reminiscent of that used by trophoblasts to suppress the maternal immune system to ensure fetal tolerance during pregnancy. IMPLICATIONS: Knowledge of the regulation of tumor-derived immunosuppressive factors will facilitate development of novel therapeutic strategies that complement current immunotherapy to reduce mortality for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Rogers
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jessica L Christenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lisa I Greene
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kathleen I O'Neill
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michelle M Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael A Gordon
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Greg D Degala
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jimin Shin
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Diana M Cittelly
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - James R Lambert
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jennifer K Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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38
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Howard EW, Yang X. microRNA Regulation in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer and Endocrine Therapy. Biol Proced Online 2018; 20:17. [PMID: 30214383 PMCID: PMC6134714 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-018-0082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As de novo and acquired resistance to standard first line endocrine therapies is a growing clinical challenge for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients, understanding the mechanisms of resistance is critical to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent therapeutic resistance and improve patient outcomes. The widespread post-transcriptional regulatory role that microRNAs (miRNAs) can have on various oncogenic pathways has been well-documented. In particular, several miRNAs are reported to suppress ERα expression via direct binding with the 3’ UTR of ESR1 mRNA, which can confer resistance to estrogen/ERα-targeted therapies. In turn, estrogen/ERα activation can modulate miRNA expression, which may contribute to ER+ breast carcinogenesis. Given the reported oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions of miRNAs in ER+ breast cancer, the targeted regulation of specific miRNAs is emerging as a promising strategy to treat ER+ breast cancer and significantly improve patient responsiveness to endocrine therapies. In this review, we highlight the major miRNA-ER regulatory mechanisms in context with ER+ breast carcinogenesis, as well as the critical miRNAs that contribute to endocrine therapy resistance or sensitivity. Collectively, this comprehensive review of the current literature sheds light on the clinical applications and challenges associated with miRNA regulatory mechanisms and novel miRNA targets that may have translational value as potential therapeutics for the treatment of ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin W Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, NRI 4301, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081 USA
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39
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Fuentes N, Roy A, Mishra V, Cabello N, Silveyra P. Sex-specific microRNA expression networks in an acute mouse model of ozone-induced lung inflammation. Biol Sex Differ 2018; 9:18. [PMID: 29739446 PMCID: PMC5941588 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of respiratory diseases have been reported. Studies have shown that women are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes from air pollution than men, but sex-specific immune gene expression patterns and regulatory networks have not been well studied in the lung. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are environmentally sensitive posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression that may mediate the damaging effects of inhaled pollutants in the lung, by altering the expression of innate immunity molecules. METHODS Male and female mice of the C57BL/6 background were exposed to 2 ppm of ozone or filtered air (control) for 3 h. Female mice were also exposed at different stages of the estrous cycle. Following exposure, lungs were harvested and total RNA was extracted. We used PCR arrays to study sex differences in the expression of 84 miRNAs predicted to target inflammatory and immune genes. RESULTS We identified differentially expressed miRNA signatures in the lungs of male vs. female exposed to ozone. In silico pathway analyses identified sex-specific biological networks affected by exposure to ozone that ranged from direct predicted gene targeting to complex interactions with multiple intermediates. We also identified differences in miRNA expression and predicted regulatory networks in females exposed to ozone at different estrous cycle stages. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that both sex and hormonal status can influence lung miRNA expression in response to ozone exposure, indicating that sex-specific miRNA regulation of inflammatory gene expression could mediate differential pollution-induced health outcomes in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Fuentes
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, H085, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Arpan Roy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Vikas Mishra
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, H085, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Noe Cabello
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, H085, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, H085, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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40
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Zaleski M, Kobilay M, Schroeder L, Debald M, Semaan A, Hettwer K, Uhlig S, Kuhn W, Hartmann G, Holdenrieder S. Improved sensitivity for detection of breast cancer by combination of miR-34a and tumor markers CA 15-3 or CEA. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22523-22536. [PMID: 29854296 PMCID: PMC5976482 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs biomarkers have shown value for diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers. Combination with established tumor markers has rarely been done. Results Breast cancer patients had significantly higher serum RNA loads (AUC 0.665), lower miR-34a (AUC 0.772), higher CEA and CA 15-3 levels (AUCs 0.717 and 0.721) than healthy controls. miR-34a correlated with tumor stage and hormone receptor status. There was no significant difference between groups for all other miRNAs. Combination of miR-34a with CEA or CA 15-3 led to improved AUCs of 0.844 and 0.800, respectively. Sensitivity of miR-34a and CA 15-3 reached 56.1% at 95% specificity. When compared with benign breast diseases, combination of miR-34a (AUC 0.719) and CEA (0.623) or CA 15-3 (0.619) resulted in improved performances (0.794 and 0.741). Sensitivity of miR-34a and CA 15-3 reached 53.7% at 95% specificity. Conclusion While miR-34a provides valuable information for diagnosis and staging, combination with tumor markers CA15-3 or CEA improves the sensitivity for breast cancer detection. Patients and Methods The diagnostic relevance of the miR-21, miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-155, miR-222 and miR-let-7c was tested in sera of 103 individuals (55 breast cancer, 20 benign breast diseases, 28 healthy controls). MiRNAs were detected by quantitative rt-PCR after extraction and reverse transcription. Cel-miR-39 and miR-16 were used for normalization. Established tumor markers CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9 and CA 125 were measured by automatized immunoassays. Diagnostic performance was tested by areas under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and sensitivities at 90% and 95% specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zaleski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Makbule Kobilay
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Schroeder
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Debald
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Karina Hettwer
- QuoData Statistics, Dresden, Germany.,Joint Research and Services Center for Biomarker Evaluation in Oncology, Bonn/Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Uhlig
- QuoData Statistics, Dresden, Germany.,Joint Research and Services Center for Biomarker Evaluation in Oncology, Bonn/Dresden, Germany
| | - Walther Kuhn
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln/Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Joint Research and Services Center for Biomarker Evaluation in Oncology, Bonn/Dresden, Germany
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The miR-200b/200a/429 cluster prevents metastasis and induces dormancy in a murine claudin-low mammary tumor cell line. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:17-26. [PMID: 29702103 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs consisting of miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c and miR-429 are emerging as important regulators of breast cancer progression. This family of microRNAs maintain mammary epithelial identity and downregulation of miR-200 expression has been associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in mammary tumors. Therefore, re-expression of one or more miR-200 family members in mammary tumor cells with mesenchymal characteristics may restore an epithelial phenotype including growth and metastasis suppression. To test this hypothesis, the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster was re-expressed in a murine claudin-low cell line, RJ423. Re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in RJ423 cells significantly suppressed the expression of Vim, Snai1, Twist1, Twist2 and Zeb1, reverted RJ423 cells to a more epithelial morphology and significantly inhibited proliferation in vitro. Moreover, the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster prevented lung metastasis in an experimental metastasis model and although tumor initiation was not prevented, re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster induced a dormancy-like state where mammary tumors failed to grow beyond ~150 mm3 or grew extremely slowly following intra-mammary injection. These dormant tumors contained elevated levels of collagen and were highly vascularized. Therefore, re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in the claudin-low mammary tumor cell line, RJ423, is sufficient to alter cell morphology, impair metastasis and induce tumor dormancy.
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42
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Wu X, Zahari MS, Renuse S, Kelkar DS, Barbhuiya MA, Rojas PL, Stearns V, Gabrielson E, Malla P, Sukumar S, Mahajan NP, Pandey A. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase TNK2/ACK1 is a novel therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2971-2983. [PMID: 27902967 PMCID: PMC5356856 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. About 15-20% of all breast cancers do not express estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or HER2 receptor and hence are collectively classified as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). These tumors are often relatively aggressive when compared to other types of breast cancer, and this issue is compounded by the lack of effective targeted therapy. In our previous phosphoproteomic profiling effort, we identified the non-receptor tyrosine kinase TNK2 as activated in a majority of aggressive TNBC cell lines. In the current study, we show that high expression of TNK2 in breast cancer cell lines correlates with high proliferation, invasion and colony forming ability. We demonstrate that knockdown of TNK2 expression can substantially suppress the invasiveness and proliferation advantage of TNBC cells in vitro and tumor formation in xenograft mouse models. Moreover, inhibition of TNK2 with small molecule inhibitor (R)-9bMS significantly compromised TNBC proliferation. Finally, we find that high levels of TNK2 expression in high-grade basal-like breast cancers correlates significantly with poorer patient outcome. Taken together, our study suggests that TNK2 is a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Muhammad Saddiq Zahari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Santosh Renuse
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Dhanashree S Kelkar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Mustafa A Barbhuiya
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Pamela L Rojas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Vered Stearns
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Edward Gabrielson
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Pavani Malla
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, U.S.A
| | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
| | - Nupam P Mahajan
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, U.S.A.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, U.S.A
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A
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Pérez-Cremades D, Mompeón A, Vidal-Gómez X, Hermenegildo C, Novella S. miRNA as a New Regulatory Mechanism of Estrogen Vascular Action. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020473. [PMID: 29415433 PMCID: PMC5855695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system have been reported extensively. In fact, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in women is lower than in age-matched men during their fertile stage of life, a benefit that disappears after menopause. These sex-related differences point to sexual hormones, mainly estrogen, as possible cardiovascular protective factors. The regulation of vascular function by estrogen is mainly related to the maintenance of normal endothelial function and is mediated by both direct and indirect gene transcription through the activity of specific estrogen receptors. Some of these mechanisms are known, but many remain to be elucidated. In recent years, microRNAs have been established as non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of a high percentage of protein-coding genes in mammals and are related to the correct function of human physiology. Moreover, within the cardiovascular system, miRNAs have been related to physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we address what is known about the role of estrogen-regulated miRNAs and their emerging involvement in vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-Cremades
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ana Mompeón
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Xavier Vidal-Gómez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carlos Hermenegildo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Susana Novella
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Jeong D, Ham J, Park S, Lee S, Lee H, Kang HS, Kim SJ. MicroRNA-7-5p mediates the signaling of hepatocyte growth factor to suppress oncogenes in the MCF-10A mammary epithelial cell. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15425. [PMID: 29133945 PMCID: PMC5684415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) is a non-coding RNA of 23-nucleotides that has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor in various cancers including breast cancer. Although there have been copious studies on the action mechanisms of miR-7, little is known about how the miR is controlled in the mammary cell. In this study, we performed a genome-wide expression analysis in miR-7-transfected MCF-10A breast cell line to explore the upstream regulators of miR-7. Analysis of the dysregulated target gene pool predicted hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) as the most plausible upstream regulator of miR-7. MiR-7 was upregulated in MCF-10A cells by HGF, and subsequently downregulated upon treatment with siRNA against HGF. However, the expression of HGF did not significantly change through either an upregulation or downregulation of miR-7 expression, suggesting that HGF acts upstream of miR-7. In addition, the target genes of miR-7, such as EGFR, KLF4, FAK, PAK1 and SET8, which are all known oncogenes, were downregulated in HGF-treated MCF-10A; in contrast, knocking down HGF recovered their expression. These results indicate that miR-7 mediates the activity of HGF to suppress oncogenic proteins, which inhibits the development of normal cells, at least MCF-10A, into cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Ham
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbin Park
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunkyung Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sung Kang
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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Li B, Lu Y, Yu L, Han X, Wang H, Mao J, Shen J, Wang B, Tang J, Li C, Song B. miR-221/222 promote cancer stem-like cell properties and tumor growth of breast cancer via targeting PTEN and sustained Akt/NF-κB/COX-2 activation. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 277:33-42. [PMID: 28844858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating cancer stem cell (CSC). Previous studies have shown that microRNA-221/222 (miR-221/222) cluster are involved in the propagation of breast cancer stem cell (BCSC), however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this study, we found that miR-221/222 were overexpressed in highly aggressive breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, that are enriched in markers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and BCSCs, than in MCF-7 cells. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was confirmed to be the target of miR-221/222 in breast cancer cells. MiR-221/222 enhanced breast cancer cell growth, migration and invasion by downregulating PTEN. Importantly, both ectopic expression of miR-221/222 and PTEN knockdown increased the mammosphere formation capacity and the expression of the stemness marker ALDH1. MiR-221/222 lentivirus vector infected MCF-7 cells produced larger subcutaneous tumors, while shRNA vector of PTEN showed similar trend. Along with the downregulation of PTEN caused by miR-221/222 in the breast cancer cells and the xenograft tumor tissues, Akt phosphorylation (p-Akt), NF-κB p65 and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were all overexpressed compared to the negative control. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-221/222 play a critical role in the propagation of BCSCs and tumor growth possibly through targeting PTEN, which in turn activating the Akt/NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. MiR-221/222 might represent the potential target of breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailong Li
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Grade 2013, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Teaching Laboratory of Morphology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lihui Yu
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaocui Han
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- Teaching Affairs Department, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Teaching Laboratory of Morphology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jianwu Tang
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China; Teaching Laboratory of Morphology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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miR-200b inhibits proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer by targeting fucosyltransferase IV and α1,3-fucosylated glycans. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e358. [PMID: 28692034 PMCID: PMC5541710 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant protein fucosylation is associated with cancer malignancy. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is the key enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of α1,3-linkage fucosylated glycans carried by glycoproteins on the cell surface, such as the tumor-associated sugar antigen Lewis Y (LeY). An abnormal increase in the levels of FUT4 and LeY is observed in many cancers and correlated with cell proliferation and metastasis. Some microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to negatively regulate gene expression. FUT4 is an oncogenic glycogene, and thus it is important to identify the specific miRNA targeting FUT4. In current study, we first identified miR-200b as a specific miRNA that inhibited FUT4 expression. We found that miR-200b level was decreased, whereas that of FUT4 was increased in tissues and serum of breast cancer compared with that in the control by real-time PCR, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The alterations of miR-200b and FUT4 level were recovered after chemotherapy. The results also showed that miR-200b suppressed FUT4 expression and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, as well as in the xenografted tumor tissues and metastatic lung tissues. miR-200b decreased the α1,3-fucosylation and LeY biosynthesis on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), as well as inactivation of EGFR and downstream phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. In conclusion, the study highlights that FUT4 could apply as a novel target for miR-200b that suppress the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells by reducing α1,3-fucosylation and LeY biosynthesis of glycoproteins. miR-200b and FUT4 are potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
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Jones R, Watson K, Bruce A, Nersesian S, Kitz J, Moorehead R. Re-expression of miR-200c suppresses proliferation, colony formation and in vivo tumor growth of murine claudin-low mammary tumor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:23727-23749. [PMID: 28423599 PMCID: PMC5410340 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudin-low breast cancer is a relatively rare breast cancer subtype. These cancers are typically ER-/PR-/HER2- and express high levels of mesenchymal genes as well as genes associated with inflammation, angiogenesis and stem cell function. In addition to alterations in gene expression, it was recently demonstrated that claudin-low breast cancers express very low levels of the miR-200 family of miRNAs. Given that each miRNA can regulate tens, hundreds or even thousands of genes, miRNAs are being evaluated as therapeutic targets. In this study we show that mammary tumors from MTB-IGFIR transgenic mice and cell lines derived from these tumors represent a model of human claudin-low breast cancer and murine claudin-low mammary tumors and cell lines express only very low levels of all five members of the miR-200 family. Reduced miR-200 family expression appears to be regulated via methylation as cells and tumors expressing low levels of miR-200 family members had higher levels of CpG methylation in a putative promoter region than tumors and cells expressing high levels of miR-200 family members. Re-expression of miR-200c in murine claudin-low mammary tumor cells inhibited tumor cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. With respect to tumor growth in vivo, re-expression of miR-200c was associated with a reduction in tumor vasculature and expression of Flt1 and Vegfc. Therefore, miR-200c is an important regulator of mesenchymal tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Jones
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katrina Watson
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony Bruce
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Nersesian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenna Kitz
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Muluhngwi P, Richardson K, Napier J, Rouchka EC, Mott JL, Klinge CM. Regulation of miR-29b-1/a transcription and identification of target mRNAs in CHO-K1 cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 444:38-47. [PMID: 28137615 PMCID: PMC5316361 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
miR-29b and miR-29a transcript levels were reported to increase in exponentially growing CHO-K1 cells. Here, we examine the regulation of miR-29b-1/a in CHO-K1 cells. We observed that 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) increased pri-miR-29b-1 and pri-miR-29a transcription in CHO-K1 cells by activating endogenous estrogen receptor α (ERα). DICER, an established, bona fide target of miR-29b-1/a, was shown to be regulated by 4-OHT in CHO-K1 cells. We showed that miR-29b-1 and miR-29a serve a repressive role in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation in CHO-K1 cells. To identify other targets of miR-29b-1 and miR-29a, RNA sequencing was performed by transfecting cells with anti-miR-29a, which inhibits both miR-29a and miR-29b-1, pre-miR-29b-1, and/or pre-miR-29a. In silico network analysis in MetaCore™ identified common and unique putative gene targets of miR-29b-1 and miR-29a. Pathway analysis of identified putative miR-29 targets were related to cell adhesion, cytoskeletal remodeling, and development. Further inquiry revealed regulation of pathways mediating responses to growth factor stimulus and cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penn Muluhngwi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Kirsten Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Joshua Napier
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Bioinformatics and Biomedical Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Justin L Mott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Bioinformatics and Biomedical Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Yerukala Sathipati S, Huang HL, Ho SY. Estimating survival time of patients with glioblastoma multiforme and characterization of the identified microRNA signatures. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:1022. [PMID: 28155650 PMCID: PMC5260001 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequently occurring brain malignancy in adults, clinical treatment still faces challenges due to poor prognoses and tumor relapses. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively used with the aim of developing accurate molecular therapies, because of their emerging role in the regulation of cancer-related genes. This work aims to identify the miRNA signatures related to survival of GBM patients for developing molecular therapies. RESULTS This work proposes a support vector regression (SVR)-based estimator, called SVR-GBM, to estimate the survival time in patients with GBM using their miRNA expression profiles. SVR-GBM identified 24 out of 470 miRNAs that were significantly associated with survival of GBM patients. SVR-GBM had a mean absolute error of 0.63 years and a correlation coefficient of 0.76 between the real and predicted survival time. The 10 top-ranked miRNAs according to prediction contribution are as follows: hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-345, hsa-miR-587, hsa-miR-526a, hsa-miR-335, hsa-miR-122, hsa-miR-24, hsa-miR-433, hsa-miR-574 and hsa-miR-320. Biological analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway on the identified miRNAs revealed their influence in GBM cancer. CONCLUSION The proposed SVR-GBM using an optimal feature selection algorithm and an optimized SVR to identify the 24 miRNA signatures associated with survival of GBM patients. These miRNA signatures are helpful to uncover the individual role of miRNAs in GBM prognosis and develop miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui-Ling Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Ying Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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50
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O'Bryan S, Dong S, Mathis JM, Alahari SK. The roles of oncogenic miRNAs and their therapeutic importance in breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016; 72:1-11. [PMID: 27997852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of tumour suppressive miRNA in 2002, the dysregulation of miRNAs was implicated in many cancers, exhibiting both tumour suppressive and oncogenic roles. Dysregulation of miRNAs was found to be involved in the initiation of oncogenesis, as well as the progression, invasion and metastasis of cancers. While normal miRNA inhibitory functions help regulate gene expression in the cell, oncogenic miRNA, when dysregulated can lead to suppression of critical pathways that control apoptosis, cell cycle progression, growth and proliferation. This suppression allows for the upregulation of pro-oncogenic factors that drive cell survival, growth and proliferation. Due to emerging discoveries, oncogenic miRNAs are proving to be a critical component in cancers, such as breast cancer, and may provide novel avenues for cancer treatment. In this article, we discuss the roles of the most studied oncogenic miRNAs in breast cancer including clusters and families involved as well as the less studied and recently discovered oncogenic miRNAs. These miRNAs provide valuable information into the complexity of regulatory elements affected by their overexpression and the overall impact in the progression of breast cancer. Also, identifying miRNAs causing or leading to resistance or sensitivity to current anti-cancer drugs prior to treatment may lead to an improvement in treatment selection and overall patient response. This review summarizes known and recently discovered miRNAs in literature found to have oncogenic roles in breast cancer initiation and the progression, invasion and metastasis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia O'Bryan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, School of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Shengli Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSU School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - J Michael Mathis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, School of Veterinary Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
| | - Suresh K Alahari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSU School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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