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Yu L, Zhang Z, Liu P, Zhou L, Tan S, Kuang S. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Diversity in Sophora japonica Rhizosphere at Different Altitudes and Lithologies. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:340. [PMID: 38786696 PMCID: PMC11121806 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play a key role in mediating soil-plant relationships within karst ecosystems. Sophora japonica, a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties, is widely cultivated in karst areas of Guangxi, China. We considered limestone, dolomite, and sandstone at altitudes ranging from 100 to 800 m and employed Illumina sequencing to evaluate AMF diversity and identify the factors driving S. japonica rhizosphere AMF community changes. We showed that the increase in altitude increased S. japonica AMF colonization and the Shannon index. The colonization of limestone plots was higher than that of other lithology. In total, 3,096,236 sequences and 5767 OTUs were identified in S. japonica rhizosphere soil. Among these, 270 OTUs were defined at the genus level and divided into 7 genera and 35 species. Moreover, available nitrogen, soil organic matter, and available calcium content had a coupling effect and positive influence on AMF colonization and Shannon and Chao1 indices. Conversely, available phosphorus, available potassium, and available magnesium negatively affected AMF Shannon and Chao1 indices. Lithology, altitude, pH, and available phosphorus are important factors that affect the dynamics of AMF in the S. japonica rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.T.)
- College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.T.)
| | - Peiyuan Liu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Longwu Zhou
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.T.)
| | - Shuhui Tan
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Y.); (L.Z.); (S.T.)
| | - Shitou Kuang
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Quanzhou County, Guilin 541599, China;
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Huertas V, Jiménez A, Diánez F, Chelhaoui R, Santos M. Importance of Dark Septate Endophytes in Agriculture in the Face of Climate Change. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:329. [PMID: 38786684 PMCID: PMC11122602 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is a notable challenge for agriculture as it affects crop productivity and yield. Increases in droughts, salinity, and soil degradation are some of the major consequences of climate change. The use of microorganisms has emerged as an alternative to mitigate the effects of climate change. Among these microorganisms, dark septate endophytes (DSEs) have garnered increasing attention in recent years. Dark septate endophytes have shown a capacity for mitigating and reducing the harmful effects of climate change in agriculture, such as salinity, drought, and the reduced nutrient availability in the soil. Various studies show that their association with plants helps to reduce the harmful effects of abiotic stresses and increases the nutrient availability, enabling the plants to thrive under adverse conditions. In this study, the effect of DSEs and the underlying mechanisms that help plants to develop a higher tolerance to climate change were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mila Santos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (V.H.); (A.J.); (F.D.); (R.C.)
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Epichloë Increases Root Fungal Endophyte Richness and Alters Root Fungal Endophyte Composition in a Changing World. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8111142. [DOI: 10.3390/jof8111142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants harbor a variety of fungal symbionts both above- and belowground, yet little is known about how these fungi interact within hosts, especially in a world where resource availability is changing due to human activities. Systemic vertically transmitted endophytes such as Epichloë spp. may have particularly strong effects on the diversity and composition of later-colonizing symbionts such as root fungal endophytes, especially in primary successional systems. We made use of a long-term field experiment in Great Lakes sand dunes to test whether Epichloë colonization of the dune-building grass, Ammophila breviligulata, could alter fungal root endophyte species richness or community composition in host plants. We also tested whether nitrogen addition intensified the effects of Epichlöe on the root endophyte community. We found that Epichloë increased richness of root endophytes in Ammophila by 17% overall, but only shifted community composition of root endophytes under nitrogen-enriched conditions. These results indicate that Epichlöe acts as a key species within Ammophila, changing richness and composition of the root mycobiome and integrating above- and belowground mycobiome interactions. Further, effects of Epichloë on root endophyte communities were enhanced by N addition, indicating that this fungal species may become even more important in future environments.
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Shen K, He Y, Xu X, Umer M, Liu X, Xia T, Guo Y, Wu B, Xu H, Zang L, Gao L, Jiao M, Yang X, Yan J. Effects of AMF on plant nutrition and growth depend on substrate gravel content and patchiness in the karst species Bidens pilosa L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968719. [PMID: 36247600 PMCID: PMC9557229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Karst ecosystems represent a typical heterogeneous habitat, and it is ubiquitous with varying interactive patches of rock and soil associated with differential weathering patterns of carbonate rocks. Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) play an important role in regulating plant growth and nutrition in heterogeneous karst habitats. However, it remains unclear how AMF affects the growth and nutrition of plants in heterogeneous karst soil with varying patches and weathering gravel. A heterogeneous experiment with Bidens pilosa L. was conducted in a grid microcosm through patching karst soil with different gravel contents. The experimental treatments included the AMF treatments inoculated with (M+) or without (M-) fungus Glomus etunicatum; the substrate patchiness treatments involved different sizes of the homogeneous patch (Homo), the heterogeneous large patch (Hetl), and the heterogeneous small patch (Hets); the substrate gravel treatments in the inner patch involved the free gravel (FG), the low gravel (LG) 20% in 80% soil, and the high gravel (HG) 40% in 60% soil. Plant traits related to growth and nutrients were analyzed by comparing substrate gravel content and patch size. The results showed that AMF was more beneficial in increasing the aboveground biomass of B. pilosa under the LG and HG substrates with a higher root mycorrhizal colonization rate than under the FG substrate with a lower root mycorrhizal colonization rate. AMF enhanced higher growth and nutrients for B. pilosa under the LG and HG substrates than under the FG substrate and under the Hets than under the Hetl. Moreover, AMF alleviated the limited supply of N for B. pilosa under all heterogeneous treatments. Furthermore, the response ratio LnRR of B. pilosa presented that the substrate gravel promoted the highest growth, N and P absorption than the substrate patchiness with M+ treatment, and the gravel content had a more effect on plant growth and nutrition as compared to the patch size. Overall, this study suggests that plant growth and nutrition regulated by AMF mainly depend on the substrate gravel content rather than the spatial patchiness in the heterogeneous karst habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiping Shen
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuejun He
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyang Xu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Muhammad Umer
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Forestry Survey and Planning Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bangli Wu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Xu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lipeng Zang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xionggui Yang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Co-inoculation with a dark septate endophyte alters arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of two widespread plants of the sagebrush steppe. Symbiosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-021-00819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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