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El-Sayed MH, Gomaa AERF, Atta OM, Hassane AMA. Characteristics and kinetics of thermophilic actinomycetes' amylase production on agro-wastes and its application for ethanol fermentation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:255. [PMID: 38926189 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Thermophilic actinomycetes are commonly found in extreme environments and can thrive and adapt to extreme conditions. These organisms exhibit substantial variation and garnered significant interest due to their remarkable enzymatic activities. This study evaluated the potential of Streptomyces griseorubens NBR14 and Nocardiopsis synnemataformans NBRM9 strains to produce thermo-stable amylase via submerged fermentation using wheat and bean straw. The Box-Behnken design was utilized to determine the optimum parameters for amylase biosynthesis. Subsequently, amylase underwent partial purification and characterization. Furthermore, the obtained hydrolysate was applied for ethanol fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The optimal parameters for obtaining the highest amylase activity by NBR14 (7.72 U/mL) and NBRM9 (26.54 U/mL) strains were found to be 40 and 30 °C, pH values of 7, incubation time of 7 days, and substrate concentration (3 and 2 g/100 mL), respectively. The NBR14 and NBRM9 amylase were partially purified, resulting in specific activities of 251.15 and 144.84 U/mg, as well as purification factors of 3.91 and 2.69-fold, respectively. After partial purification, the amylase extracted from NBR14 and NBRM9 showed the highest activity level at pH values of 9 and 7 and temperatures of 50 and 60 °C, respectively. The findings also indicated that the maximum velocity (Vmax) for NBR14 and NBRM9 amylase were 57.80 and 59.88 U/mL, respectively, with Km constants of 1.39 and 1.479 mM. After 48 h, bioethanol was produced at concentrations of 5.95 mg/mL and 9.29 mg/mL from hydrolyzed wheat and bean straw, respectively, through fermentation with S. cerevisiae. Thermophilic actinomycetes and their α-amylase yield demonstrated promising potential for sustainable bio-ethanol production from agro-byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H El-Sayed
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts-Rafha, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Rahman F Gomaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut Branch, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Omar Mohammad Atta
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut Branch, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M A Hassane
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut Branch, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
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Vijayakumar R, Raja SSS, Muthukumar C, Karuppiah P, Panneerselvam A, Rajabathar JR, Thajuddin N, Ayyamperumal R. Production, optimization and characterization of partially purified anti-mycotic compound from marine soil derived streptomycetes originating at unexplored region of Bay of Bengal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118698. [PMID: 38518906 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Sixty-eight morphologically distinct isolates of marine actinomycetes were derived from seashore, mangrove, and saltpan ecosystems located between the Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar region, Bay of Bengal, Tamilnadu. Twenty-five (36.8%) isolates exhibited anti-mycotic activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans in preliminary screening, and 4 isolates with prominent activity were identified and designated at the genus level as Streptomyces sp. VPTS3-I, Streptomyces sp. VPTS3-2, Streptomyces sp. VPTSA1-4 and Streptomyces sp. VPTSA1-8. All the potential antagonistic isolates were further characterized with phenotypic and genotypic properties including 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified species level as Streptomyces afghaniensis VPTS3-1, S. matensis VPTS3-2, S. tuirus VPTSA1-4 and S. griseus VPTSA1-8. In addition, the active fractions from the potential antagonistic streptomycetes were extracted with organic solvents by shake flask culture method and the anti-mycotic efficacies were evaluated. The optimization parameters for the production of the anti-mycotic compound were found to be pH between 7 and 8, the temperature at 30ᵒC, the salinity of 2%, incubation of 9 days, and starch and KNO3 as the suitable carbon and nitrogen sources respectively in starch casein medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Vijayakumar
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Suresh S S Raja
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnasamy Muthukumar
- Department of Botany, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620 001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponmurugan Karuppiah
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Post Box: 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Annamalai Panneerselvam
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany and Microbiology, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, 613 503, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jothi Ramalingam Rajabathar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Post Box: 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nooruddin Thajuddin
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India; Crescent Global Outreach Mission, B S Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Vandalur, Chennai - 600 048, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- College of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
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Barman D, Dkhar MS. Purification and characterization of moderately thermostable raw-starch digesting α-amylase from endophytic Streptomyces mobaraensis DB13 associated with Costus speciosus. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2024; 69:293-300. [PMID: 37635076 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic actinobacteria are known to produce various enzymes with potential industrial applications. Alpha-amylase is an important class of industrial enzyme with a multi-dimensional utility. The present experiment was designed to characterize a moderately thermostable α-amylase producing endophytic Streptomyces mobaraensis DB13 isolated from Costus speciosus (J. Koenig) Sm. The enzyme was purified using 60% ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Based on 12% SDS-PAGE, the molecular weight of the purified α-amylase was estimated to be 55 kDa. The maximum α-amylase activity was achieved at pH 7.0, 50°C and it retained 80% of its activity at both pH 7.0 and 8.0 after incubation for 2 h. The α-mylase activity is strongly enhanced by Ca2+, Mg2+, and inhibited by Ba2+. The activity remains stable in the presence of Tween-80, SDS, PMSF, and Triton X-100; however, β-mercaptoethanol, EDTA, and H2O2 reduced the activity. The kinetic parameters Km and Vmax values for this α-amylase were calculated as 2.53 mM and 29.42 U/mL respectively. The α-amylase had the ability to digest various raw starches at a concentration of 10 mg/mL at pH 7.0, 50°C, where maize and rice are the preferred substrates. The digestion starts after 4 h of incubation, which reaches maximum after 48 h of incubation. These results suggest that S. mobaraensis DB13 is a potential source of moderately thermostable α-amylase enzyme, that effciently hydrolyzes raw starch. It suggesting that this α-amylase is a promising candidate to be use for industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Barman
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, Department of Botany
- Department of Microbiology, The Assam Royal Global University
| | - Mamtaj S Dkhar
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, Department of Botany
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Saha SP, Ghosh S, Mazumdar D, Ghosh S, Ghosh D, Sarkar MM, Roy S. Valorization of banana peel into α-amylase using one factor at a time (OFAT) assisted artificial neural network (ANN) and its partial purification, characterization, and kinetics study. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Duhsaki L, Mukherjee S, Rani TS, Madhuprakash J. Genome analysis of Streptomyces sp. UH6 revealed the presence of potential chitinolytic machinery crucial for chitosan production. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:431-442. [PMID: 34192819 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan and its derivatives have numerous applications in wastewater treatment as bio-coagulants, flocculants and bio-adsorbents against both particulate and dissolved pollutants. Chitinolytic bacteria secrete an array of enzymes, which play crucial role in chitin to chitosan conversion. Consequently, there is a growing demand for identification and characterization of novel bacterial isolates with potential implications in chitosan production. We describe genomic features of the new isolate Streptomyces sp. UH6. Analysis of the 6.51 Mb genome revealed the GC content as 71.95% and presence of 6990 coding sequences of which 63% were functionally annotated. Further, we identified two possible chitin-utilization pathways, which employ secreted enzymes like lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases and family-18 glycoside hydrolases (GHs). More importantly, the genome has six family-4 polysaccharide deacetylases with probable role in chitin to chitosan conversion, as well as two chitosanases belonging to GH46 and GH75 families. In addition, the gene clusters, dasABC and ngcEFG coding for transporters, which mediate the uptake of N,N'-diacetylchitobiose and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine were identified. Several genes responsible for hydrolysis of other polysaccharides and fermentation of sugars were also identified. Taken together, the phylogenetic and genomic analyses suggest that the isolate Streptomyces sp. UH6 secretes potential chitin-active enzymes responsible for chitin to chitosan conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lal Duhsaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Saumashish Mukherjee
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Jogi Madhuprakash
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Purification and Characterization of Strong Simultaneous Enzyme Production of Protease and α-Amylase from an Extremophile-Bacillus sp. FW2 and Its Possibility in Food Waste Degradation. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial enzymes such as protease and amylase are valuable enzymes with various applications, widely investigated for their applications in degradation of organic waste, biofuel industries, agricultural, pharmaceuticals, chemistry, and biotechnology. In particular, extremophiles play an important role in biorefinery due to their novel metabolic products such as high value catalytic enzymes that are active even under harsh environmental conditions. Due to their potentials and very broad activities, this study isolated, investigated, and characterized the protease- and amylase-producing bacterial strain FW2 that was isolated from food waste. Strain FW2 belongs to the genus Bacillus and was found to be closest to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM 7T with a similarity of 99.86%. This strain was able to degrade organic compounds at temperatures from −6 °C to 75 °C (but weak at 80 °C) under a wide pH range (4.5–12) and high-salinity conditions up to 35% NaCl. Maximum enzyme production was obtained at 1200 ± 23.4 U/mL for protease and 2400 ± 45.8 U/mL for amylase for 4 days at pH 7–7.5, 40–45 °C, and 0–10% NaCl. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weights of purified protease were 28 kDa and 44 kDa, corresponding to alkaline protease (AprM) and neutral protease (NprM), respectively, and molecular weight of α-amylase was 55 kDa. Degradation food waste was determined after 15 days, observing a 69% of volume decrease. A potential commercial extremozyme-producing bacteria such as strain FW2 may be a promising contributor to waste degradation under extreme environmental conditions.
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Production and Partial Characterization of α-Amylase Enzyme from Marine Actinomycetes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5289848. [PMID: 34917683 PMCID: PMC8670945 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5289848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Amylase producing actinobacteria were isolated and characterized from terrestrial environment. There are a limited number of reports investigating the marine environment; hence, in the present study, four marine enzymes were tested for their amylase production ability. On starch agar plates, the Streptomyces rochei strain showed a higher hydrolytic zone (24 mm) than the other isolates. Growth under optimized culture conditions using Plackett-Burman's experimental design led to a 1.7, 9.8, 7.7, and 3.12-fold increase for the isolates S. griseorubens, S. rochei, S. parvus, and Streptomyces sp., respectively, in the specific activity measurement. When applying the Box-Behnken design on S. rochei using the most significant parameters (starch, K2HPO4, pH, and temperature), there was a 12.22-fold increase in the specific activity measurement 7.37 U/mg. The α-amylase was partially purified, and its molecular weight was determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. α-Amylase was particularly active at pH 6 and 65°C. The purified enzyme was most active at 65°C and pH 6, thermal stability of 70°C for 40 min, and salt concentration of 1 M with Km and Vmax of 6.58 mg/ml and 21.93 μmol/ml/min, respectively. The α-amylase was improved by adding Cu+2, Zn+2, and Fe+2 (152.21%, 207.24%, and 111.89%). Increased production of α-amylase enzyme by S. rochei KR108310 leads to production of significant industrial products.
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Xie F, Pathom-aree W. Actinobacteria From Desert: Diversity and Biotechnological Applications. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:765531. [PMID: 34956128 PMCID: PMC8696123 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.765531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deserts, as an unexplored extreme ecosystem, are known to harbor diverse actinobacteria with biotechnological potential. Both multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and environmental issues have sharply raised the emerging demand for functional actinobacteria. From 2000 to 2021, 129 new species have been continuously reported from 35 deserts worldwide. The two largest numbers are of the members of the genera Streptomyces and Geodermatophilus, followed by other functional extremophilic strains such as alkaliphiles, halotolerant species, thermophiles, and psychrotolerant species. Improved isolation strategies for the recovery of culturable and unculturable desert actinobacteria are crucial for the exploration of their diversity and offer a better understanding of their survival mechanisms under extreme environmental stresses. The main bioprospecting processes involve isolation of target actinobacteria on selective media and incubation and selection of representatives from isolation plates for further investigations. Bioactive compounds obtained from desert actinobacteria are being continuously explored for their biotechnological potential, especially in medicine. To date, there are more than 50 novel compounds discovered from these gifted actinobacteria with potential antimicrobial activities, including anti-MDR pathogens and anti-inflammatory, antivirus, antifungal, antiallergic, antibacterial, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. A range of plant growth-promoting abilities of the desert actinobacteria inspired great interest in their agricultural potential. In addition, several degradative, oxidative, and other functional enzymes from desert strains can be applied in the industry and the environment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of desert environments as a remarkable source of diverse actinobacteria while such rich diversity offers an underexplored resource for biotechnological exploitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Xie
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Applied Microbiology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, under the CMU Presidential Scholarship, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasu Pathom-aree
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Kherouf M, Habbeche A, Benamia F, Saoudi B, Kerouaz B, Ladjama A. Statistical optimization of a novel extracellular alkaline and thermostable amylase production from thermophilic Actinomadura keratinilytica sp. Cpt29 and its potential application in detergent industry. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Al-shaibani MM, Radin Mohamed RMS, Sidik NM, Enshasy HAE, Al-Gheethi A, Noman E, Al-Mekhlafi NA, Zin NM. Biodiversity of Secondary Metabolites Compounds Isolated from Phylum Actinobacteria and Its Therapeutic Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154504. [PMID: 34361657 PMCID: PMC8347454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The current review aims to summarise the biodiversity and biosynthesis of novel secondary metabolites compounds, of the phylum Actinobacteria and the diverse range of secondary metabolites produced that vary depending on its ecological environments they inhabit. Actinobacteria creates a wide range of bioactive substances that can be of great value to public health and the pharmaceutical industry. The literature analysis process for this review was conducted using the VOSviewer software tool to visualise the bibliometric networks of the most relevant databases from the Scopus database in the period between 2010 and 22 March 2021. Screening and exploring the available literature relating to the extreme environments and ecosystems that Actinobacteria inhabit aims to identify new strains of this major microorganism class, producing unique novel bioactive compounds. The knowledge gained from these studies is intended to encourage scientists in the natural product discovery field to identify and characterise novel strains containing various bioactive gene clusters with potential clinical applications. It is evident that Actinobacteria adapted to survive in extreme environments represent an important source of a wide range of bioactive compounds. Actinobacteria have a large number of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. They can synthesise thousands of subordinate metabolites with different biological actions such as anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-virus, anti-cancer and growth-promoting compounds. These are highly significant economically due to their potential applications in the food, nutrition and health industries and thus support our communities' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanna Mohammed Al-shaibani
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia;
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (R.M.S.R.M.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Nik Marzuki Sidik
- Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (R.M.S.R.M.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Hesham Ali El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproducts Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), 21934 New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Adel Al-Gheethi
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (R.M.S.R.M.); (N.M.S.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Efaq Noman
- Applied Microbiology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen;
| | - Nabil Ali Al-Mekhlafi
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, UiTM, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Biochemical Technology Program, Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Thamar P.O. Box 87246, Yemen
| | - Noraziah Mohamad Zin
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
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Ojha P, Kar NP, Nayak S, Patra AK, Sahoo KK. Isolation of a broad spectrum antimicrobial producing thermophilic Bacillus and characterization of its antimicrobial protein. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2059-2073. [PMID: 33575852 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The hot spring water of Atri in India was believed to have disease curing property. An antibacterial producing organism was isolated and identified as Bacillus paralicheniformis by morphology, microscopy, and 16S-rRNA. Its secretion inhibited bacteria, yeast, and fungus in well-diffusion-method. The secreted antimicrobial was a 16.74 kDa protein homologous of chicken-lysozyme-C. The novel lysozyme's activities were recorded under different parameters. It was active from pH 5-9 and endured up to 60 °C for 120 min. Complete cell wall lysis of S. flexneri and P. aeruginosa was observed under a microscope at 4500× with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 7.8 µg/ml, while others required a higher dose, i.e., 13 µg/ml, and 20 µg/ml for E.coli and S. typhimurium, respectively. The discovered lysozyme has the extraordinary potential to lyse Gram-positive bacteria, yeast, fungus, and more efficiently lyse chick-lysozyme-C resistant lipopolysaccharide rich Gram-negative bacteria's outer cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purusottam Ojha
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India, 753003.,Imgenex India Pvt. Ltd, E5 Infocity, Chandka Industrial Estate, KIIT Post Office, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, 751024
| | | | - Shreenath Nayak
- Imgenex India Pvt. Ltd, E5 Infocity, Chandka Industrial Estate, KIIT Post Office, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, 751024
| | - Ashok Kumar Patra
- Imgenex India Pvt. Ltd, E5 Infocity, Chandka Industrial Estate, KIIT Post Office, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, 751024
| | - Khirod Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India, 753003.
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Production and application of glucose isomerase from Streptomyces enissocaesilis and amylase from Streptomyces sp. for the synthesis of high fructose corn syrup. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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13
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Elyasi Far B, Ahmadi Y, Yari Khosroshahi A, Dilmaghani A. Microbial Alpha-Amylase Production: Progress, Challenges and Perspectives. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:350-358. [PMID: 32665893 PMCID: PMC7335993 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-amylase reputes for starch modification by breaking of 1-4 glycosidic bands and is widely applied in different industrial sectors. Microorganisms express unique alpha-amylases with thermostable and halotolerant characteristics dependent on the microorganism’s intrinsic features. Likewise, genetic engineering methods are applied to produce enzymes with higher stability in contrast to wild types. As there are widespread application of α-amylase in industry, optimization methods like RSM are used to improve the production of the enzyme ex vivo. This study aimed to review the latest researches on the production improvement and stability of α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Elyasi Far
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yassin Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosroshahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azita Dilmaghani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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A Chitosanase mutant from Streptomyces sp. N174 prefers to produce functional chitopentasaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:1091-1098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Perera I, Subashchandrabose SR, Venkateswarlu K, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Consortia of cyanobacteria/microalgae and bacteria in desert soils: an underexplored microbiota. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7351-7363. [PMID: 29982925 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Desert ecosystem is generally considered as a lifeless habitat with extreme environmental conditions although it is colonized by extremophilic microorganisms. Cyanobacteria, microalgae, and bacteria in these habitats could tolerate harsh and rapidly fluctuating environmental conditions, intense ultraviolet radiation, and lack of water, leading to cell desiccation. They possess valuable metabolites withstanding extreme environmental conditions and make them good candidates for industrial applications. Moreover, most natural microorganisms in these extreme habitats exist as consortia that provide robustness and extensive metabolic capabilities enabling them to establish important relationships in desert environments. Engineering of such consortia of cyanobacteria, microalgae, and bacteria would be functional in the sustainable development of deserts through improving soil fertility, water preservation, primary production, pollutant removal, and maintaining soil stability. Modern tools and techniques would help in constructing highly functional cyanobacterial/microalgal-bacterial consortia that are greatly useful in the establishment of vegetation in deserts as well as in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isiri Perera
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Suresh R Subashchandrabose
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | | | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia. .,Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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