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Dziechciowska I, Dąbrowska M, Mizielska A, Pyra N, Lisiak N, Kopczyński P, Jankowska-Wajda M, Rubiś B. miRNA Expression Profiling in Human Breast Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9500-9525. [PMID: 38132441 PMCID: PMC10742292 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer types worldwide. Regarding molecular characteristics and classification, it is a heterogeneous disease, which makes it more challenging to diagnose. As is commonly known, early detection plays a pivotal role in decreasing mortality and providing a better prognosis for all patients. Different treatment strategies can be adjusted based on tumor progression and molecular characteristics, including personalized therapies. However, dealing with resistance to drugs and recurrence is a challenge. The therapeutic options are limited and can still lead to poor clinical outcomes. This review aims to shed light on the current perspective on the role of miRNAs in breast cancer diagnostics, characteristics, and prognosis. We discuss the potential role of selected non-coding RNAs most commonly associated with breast cancer. These include miR-21, miR-106a, miR-155, miR-141, let-7c, miR-335, miR-126, miR-199a, miR-101, and miR-9, which are perceived as potential biomarkers in breast cancer prognosis, diagnostics, and treatment response monitoring. As miRNAs differ in expression levels in different types of cancer, they may provide novel cancer therapy strategies. However, some limitations regarding dynamic alterations, tissue-specific profiles, and detection methods must also be raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Dziechciowska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (I.D.); (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Dąbrowska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (I.D.); (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Mizielska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (I.D.); (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Natalia Pyra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (I.D.); (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (I.D.); (M.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Przemysław Kopczyński
- Centre for Orthodontic Mini-Implants, Department and Clinic of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70 Str., 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jankowska-Wajda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8 Str., 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Błażej Rubiś
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (I.D.); (M.D.); (A.M.)
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2
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Banerjee M, Devi Rajeswari V. Inhibition of WNT signaling by conjugated microRNA nano-carriers: A new therapeutic approach for treating triple-negative breast cancer a perspective review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 182:103901. [PMID: 36584723 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer is the most aggressive form and accounts the 15%-25% of all breast cancer. Receptors are absent in triple-negative breast cancer, which makes them unresponsive to the current hormonal therapies. The patients with TNBC are left with the option of cytotoxic chemotherapy. The Wnt pathways are connected to cancer, and when activated, they result in mammary hyperplasia and tumors. The tumor suppressor microRNAs can block tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, lead to cancer cell death, and are also known to down-regulate the WNT signaling. Nanoparticles with microRNA have been seen to be more effective when compared with their single release. In this review, we have tried to understand how Wnt signaling plays a crucial role in TNBC, EMT, metastasis, anti-drug resistance, and regulation of Wnt by microRNA. The role of nano-carriers in delivering micro-RNA. The clinical biomarkers, including the present state-of-the-art, involve novel pathways of Wnt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manosi Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Devi Rajeswari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Parayath NN, Gandham SK, Amiji MM. Tumor-targeted miRNA nanomedicine for overcoming challenges in immunity and therapeutic resistance. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1355-1373. [PMID: 36255330 PMCID: PMC9706370 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNA are critical messengers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that influence various processes leading to immune suppression, tumor progression, metastasis and resistance. Strategies to modulate miRNAs in the TME have important implications in overcoming these challenges. However, miR delivery to specific cells in the TME has been challenging. This review discusses nanomedicine strategies to achieve cell-specific delivery of miRNAs. The key goal of delivery is to activate the tumor immune landscape as well as to prevent chemotherapy resistance. Specifically, the use of hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticle miRNA delivery to the TME is discussed. The discussion is focused on miRNA-125b for reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages to overcome immunosuppression and miRNA-let-7b to overcome resistance to anticancer chemotherapeutics because both these miRNAs have been extensively evaluated for delivery with hyaluronic acid-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha N Parayath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Srujan K Gandham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Author for correspondence: Tel.: +1 617 373 3137;
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4
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Sharma A, Mir R, Galande S. Epigenetic Regulation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:681053. [PMID: 34552611 PMCID: PMC8450413 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.681053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the past four decades have elucidated the role of Wnt/β-catenin mediated regulation in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. These processes are fundamental to embryonic development, regeneration potential of tissues, as well as cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic players which influence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via modulation of its components and coordinated regulation of the Wnt target genes. The role played by crosstalk with other signaling pathways mediating tumorigenesis is also elaborated. The Hippo/YAP pathway is particularly emphasized due to its extensive crosstalk via the Wnt destruction complex. Further, we highlight the recent advances in developing potential therapeutic interventions targeting the epigenetic machinery based on the characterization of these regulatory networks for effective treatment of various cancers and also for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Rafeeq Mir
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Sanjeev Galande
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.,Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, India
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Fasoulakis Z, Theodora M, Tsirkas I, Tsirka T, Kalagasidou S, Inagamova L, Papamanolis V, Blontzos N, Kontomanolis EN. The Role of microRNAs Identified in the Amniotic Fluid. Microrna 2021; 9:8-16. [PMID: 30887932 DOI: 10.2174/2211536608666190318105140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to provide an overall view of current data considering the presence of microRNAs in amniotic fluid. METHODS The available literature in MEDLINE, regarding the role of the amniotic fluid in pregnancy and fetal development, was searched for related articles including terms such as "microRNA", "Amniotic fluid", "Adverse outcome" and others. RESULTS The amniotic fluid has an undoubtedly significant part in fetal nutrition, with a protecting and thermoregulatory role alongside. MicroRNAs have proven to be highly expressed during pregnancy in many body liquids including amniotic fluid and are transferred between cells loaded in exosomes, while they are also implicated in many processes during fetal development and could be potential biomarkers for early prediction of adverse outcomes. CONCLUSION Current knowledge reveals that amniotic fluid microRNAs participate in many developmental and physiological processes of pregnancy including proliferation of fibroblasts, fetal development, angiogenesis, cardioprotection, activation of signaling pathways, differentiation and cell motility, while the expression profile of specific microRNAs has a potential prognostic role in the prediction of Down syndrome, congenital hydronephrosis and kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Fasoulakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece
| | - Marianna Theodora
- 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsirkas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece
| | - Theodora Tsirka
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece
| | - Sofia Kalagasidou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bodosakio General Hospital of Ptolemaida, Ptolemaida, Greece
| | - Lola Inagamova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece
| | - Valentinos Papamanolis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Korinthos, Korinthos, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Blontzos
- 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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7
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Karimkhanloo H, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Hadavi R, Koochaki A, Paryan M. Potential role of miR-214 in β-catenin gene expression within hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7429-7437. [PMID: 32901357 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important gene regulators whose dysregulations can be involved in tumorigenesis. β-catenin, the main agent in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, controls various genes and its over-expression has been discovered in different kinds of cancers including Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Extensive research demonstrated that the Wnt signaling is one of the major affected pathways in HCC. This study aimed to find miRNA targeting β-catenin gene by bioinformatic approaches and confirm this correlation to propose new therapeutic targets for HCC. Prediction of miRNAs targeting 3'-Untranslated Regions (UTR) of β-catenin mRNA, were done using different types of credible bioinformatic databases. The luciferase assay was also recruited for further confirmation of the bioinformatic predictions. In the first step, the expression of β-catenin was assessed in the HepG2 cell line by real-time PCR technique. Next, transduction of HepG2 cells were done by lentiviral vectors containing the desired miRNA. Then, the expression level of miRNA and the β-catenin gene were evaluated. Based on the results obtained from different bioinformatic databases, miR-214 was selected as the potential miRNA with the highest probability in targeting β-catenin. Furthermore, Luciferase assay results confirmed the accuracy of our bioinformatic prediction. In line with our hypothesis, after the overexpression of miR-214 in HepG2 cells, β-catenin gene expression was reduced significantly. Gathered results indicate the miRNAs role in the down-regulation of their target genes. Hence, the results propose that miR-214 can prevent HCC development by suppressing β-catenin and may supply a newfound approach towards HCC therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Karimkhanloo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Razie Hadavi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Paryan
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Tanman Ü, Yangın S, Cansaran-Duman D. Determination of Dysregulated miRNA Expression Levels by qRT-PCR after the Application of Usnic Acid to Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:548-558. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190923163552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose:
Breast cancer still remains to be one of the most threatening cancer types
in women. Recent studies have allowed scientists to better investigate the potential use of natural compounds in
the treatment of breast cancers. Usnic acid is a secondary metabolite extracted from lichen species and has many
biological activities. The response of microRNAs regulated by drug molecules may provide useful diagnostic
and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutics for breast cancers. Although the aberrant expression
of microRNAs was observed after drug treatment, the regulatory mechanisms remain partially known. Micro
RNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level.
Methods:
In this study, we used quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) technology to demonstrate that usnic
acid significantly changes the expression profile of miRNAs.
Results:
Eleven miRNAs were significantly and differentially expressed in breast cancer cells after treatment
with usnic acid. Three miRNAs were up-regulated, while eight were down-regulated in usnic acid treated cells.
Target prediction and GO analysis revealed many target genes and their related pathways that are potentially
regulated by usnic acid regulated differentially expressed miRNAs. We found that usnic acid treatment caused
significant changes in the expression of hsa-miR-5006-5p, hsa-miR-892c-3p, hsa-miR-4430, hsa-miR-5194,
hsa-miR-3198, hsa-miR-3171, hsa-miR-933 and hsa-miR-185-3p in breast cancer cells.
Conclusions:
Usnic acid response miRNAs might play important regulatory roles in the tumorigenesis and
development of breast cancer, and they could serve as prognostic predictors for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümmügülsüm Tanman
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Yangın
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Demet Cansaran-Duman
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Zimta AA, Tigu AB, Muntean M, Cenariu D, Slaby O, Berindan-Neagoe I. Molecular Links between Central Obesity and Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215364. [PMID: 31661891 PMCID: PMC6862548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women, in regard to incidence and mortality. In recent years, the negative role of obesity during BC development and progression has been made abundantly clear in several studies. However, the distribution of body fat may be more important to analyze than the overall body weight. In our review of literature, we reported some key findings regarding the role of obesity in BC development, but focused more on central adiposity. Firstly, the adipose microenvironment in obese people bears many similarities with the tumor microenvironment, in respect to associated cellular composition, chronic low-grade inflammation, and high ratio of reactive oxygen species to antioxidants. Secondly, the adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ, which in obese people produces a high level of tumor-promoting hormones, such as leptin and estrogen, and a low level of the tumor suppressor hormone, adiponectin. As follows, in BC this leads to the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways: NFκB, JAK, STAT3, AKT. Moreover, overall obesity, but especially central obesity, promotes a systemic and local low grade chronic inflammation that further stimulates the increase of tumor-promoting oxidative stress. Lastly, there is a constant exchange of information between BC cells and adipocytes, mediated especially by extracellular vesicles, and which changes the transcription profile of both cell types to an oncogenic one with the help of regulatory non-coding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine, and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine, and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Babeș-Bolyai University, Faculty of Biology, and Geology, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Maximilian Muntean
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Cenariu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine, and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine, and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine, and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics, and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Republicii 34th street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Kaban K, Salva E, Akbuga J. Modulation of the dual-faced effects of miR-141 with chitosan/miR-141 nanoplexes in breast cancer cells. J Gene Med 2019; 21:e3116. [PMID: 31389101 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-141, known as a tumor suppressive microRNA, is downregulated in breast cancer. However, recent contrasting studies report that it also acts as oncogene when it is upregulated. The present study aimed to investigate whether miR-141 is a tumor suppressor or oncogenic when it reaches normal levels in chitosan/miR-141 nanoplexes. METHODS Chitosan nanoplexes were prepared using simple complexation method. Nanoplexes were characterized by a gel retardation assay and zeta potential and particle size measurements. To determine the expression level of miR-141, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. The effects of miR-141 mimics were investigated with respect to angiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by E-cadherin, metastasis by Igfbp-4 and Tinagl1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, invasion by an invasion chamber, and apoptosis by Annexin V. RESULTS The miR-141 expression levels of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 cells by administration of chitosan/mimic miR-141 nanoplexes reached endogenous miR-141 levels of a non-tumorigenic epithelial breast cell line, MCF-10A. According to our results, metastasis, VEGF, EMT and invasion in breast cancer cells were diminished, whereas apoptosis increased by 1.5- and 2.4-fold in breast cancer cell lines as a result of the miR-141 mimics. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have demonstrated that administration of miR-141 mimics at the determined doses to breast cancer cells revealed a tumor suppressor effect, and not the oncogenic face. The delivery of miR-141 by chitosan nanoplexes presents a promising approach for the suppression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Kaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Salva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Julide Akbuga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Plasma Level of miR-5193 As a Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis of HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.84455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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12
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Moradi‐Chaleshtori M, Hashemi SM, Soudi S, Bandehpour M, Mohammadi‐Yeganeh S. Tumor‐derived exosomal microRNAs and proteins as modulators of macrophage function. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7970-7982. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moradi‐Chaleshtori
- Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi‐Yeganeh
- Department of Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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13
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Yang S, Zhang W, Cai M, Zhang Y, Jin F, Yan S, Baloch Z, Fang Z, Xue S, Tang R, Xiao J, Huang Q, Sun Y, Wang X. Suppression of Bone Resorption by miR-141 in Aged Rhesus Monkeys. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1799-1812. [PMID: 29852535 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related osteoporosis (OP) is considered a serious public health concern. Approximately 30% of postmenopausal women suffer from OP; more than 40% of them risk fragility fractures. Multiple drugs have been prescribed to treat OP, but they are not ideal because of low cure rates and adverse side effects. miRNA-based gene therapy is a rapidly developing strategy in disease treatment that presents certain advantages, such as large-scale production capability, genetic safety, and rapid effects. miRNA drugs have been used primarily in cancer treatments; they have not yet been reported as candidates for osteoclast-targeted-OP treatment in primates. Their therapeutic efficacy has been limited by several shortcomings, such as low efficiency of selective delivery, insufficient expression levels in targeting cells, and unexpected side effects. Here, we identify miR-141 as a critical suppressor of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. The expression levels of miR-141 are positively correlated with BMD and negatively correlated with the aging of bones in both aged rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and osteoporotic patients. Selective delivery of miR-141 into the osteoclasts of aged rhesus monkeys via a nucleic acid delivery system allowed for a gradual increase in bone mass without significant effects on the health and function of primary organs. Furthermore, we found that the functional mechanism of miR-141 resides in its targeting of two osteoclast differentiation players, Calcr (calcitonin receptors) and EphA2 (ephrin type-A receptor 2 precursor). Our study suggests that miRNAs, such as miR-141, could play a crucial role in suppressing bone resorption in primates and provide reliable experimental evidence for the clinical application of miRNA in OP treatment. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxiang Cai
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanxu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fujun Jin
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zulqurain Baloch
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senren Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongping Tang
- WinconTheraCells Biotechnologies Co. Ltd, Nanning, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunshan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Sun
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
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14
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Ren J, Ding L, Zhang D, Shi G, Xu Q, Shen S, Wang Y, Wang T, Hou Y. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts promote the stemness and chemoresistance of colorectal cancer by transferring exosomal lncRNA H19. Theranostics 2018; 8:3932-3948. [PMID: 30083271 PMCID: PMC6071523 DOI: 10.7150/thno.25541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the pathology of various tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The crosstalk between carcinoma- associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor development and confers chemoresistance. In this study, we further investigated the underlying tumor-promoting roles of CAFs and the molecular mediators involved in these processes. Methods: The AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated cancer (CAC) mouse model was established, and RNA sequencing was performed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences were used to knock down H19. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. SW480 cells with H19 stably knocked down were used to establish a xenograft model. The indicated protein levels in xenograft tumor tissues were confirmed by immunohistochemistry assay, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL apoptosis assay. RNA-FISH and immunofluorescence assays were performed to assess the expression of H19 in tumor stroma and cancer nests. The AldeRed ALDH detection assay was performed to detect intracellular aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme activity. Isolated exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking and Western blotting. Results: H19 was highly expressed in the tumor tissues of CAC mice compared with the expression in normal colon tissues. The up-regulation of H19 was also confirmed in CRC patient samples at different tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages. Moreover, H19 was associated with the stemness of colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) in CRC specimens. H19 promoted the stemness of CSCs and increased the frequency of tumor-initiating cells. RNA-FISH showed higher expression of H19 in tumor stroma than in cancer nests. Of note, H19 was enriched in CAF-derived conditioned medium and exosomes, which in turn promoted the stemness of CSCs and the chemoresistance of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, H19 activated the β-catenin pathway via acting as a competing endogenous RNA sponge for miR-141 in CRC, while miR-141 significantly inhibited the stemness of CRC cells. Conclusion: CAFs promote the stemness and chemoresistance of CRC by transferring exosomal H19. H19 activated the β-catenin pathway via acting as a competing endogenous RNA sponge for miR-141, while miR-141 inhibited the stemness of CRC cells. Our findings indicate that H19 expressed by CAFs of the colorectal tumor stroma contributes to tumor development and chemoresistance.
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15
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Nonredundant, Highly Connected MicroRNAs Control Functionality in Breast Cancer Networks. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:9585383. [PMID: 30003085 PMCID: PMC5996465 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9585383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations to transcriptional regulation are an important factor in breast cancer. Noncoding RNA, such as microRNA (miR), have very influential roles in the transcriptional regulation of genes. Transcriptional regulation can be successfully modeled and analyzed using complex network theory. Particularly, interactions between two distinct classes of biological elements, such as miR and genes, can be approached through the bipartite network formalism. Based on bipartite network properties, it is possible to identify highly influential miRs in the network, such as those that have a large number of connections indicating regulation of a large set of genes. Some miRs in a network are nonredundant, which indicates that they are solely responsible of the regulation of a particular set of genes, which in turn may be associated to a particular biological process. We hypothesize that highly influential, nonredundant miRs, which we call Commodore miRs (Cdre-miRs), have an important role on the control of biological functions through transcriptional networks. In this work, we analyze the regulation of gene expression by miRs in healthy and cancerous breast tissue using bipartite miR-gene networks inferred from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) expression data. We observe differences in the degree, clustering coefficient and redundancy distributions for miRs and genes in the network, indicating differences in the way that these elements interact with each other. Furthermore, we identify a small set of five Cdre-miRs in the breast cancer network: miR-190b, miR-let7i, miR-292-b, miR-511, and miR-141. The neighborhood of genes controlled by each of these miRs is involved in particular biological functions such as dynein structure-associated processes, immune response, angiogenesis, cytokine activity, and cell motility. We propose that these Cdre-miRs are important control elements of biological functions deregulated in breast cancer.
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16
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Hosseini V, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Ghanbarian H, Hashemi SM, Khojasteh A. The power of precise bioinformatics prediction of miRNA:mRNA interactions:miR-4699 as a potential inducer of Wnt signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5960-5969. [PMID: 29574934 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs have attracted interest because of their regulatory effects on gene expression. Experimental detection of potential targets of miRNAs is a laborious task. Considering the expensive techniques of detection, computational approaches for miRNA target prediction can be used as the first step in miRNA research. A large number of tools and algorithms have been developed during the last two decades, led to problems such as confusion in selecting an appropriate tool and false positive or negative results. Therefore, one of the most frequent problems and critical issues of miRNA research is finding a reliable miRNA target prediction tool. In this study, we have proposed a research direction and introduced user-friendly and current databases and tools with the highest accuracy. To verify whether our proposed research direction is practical, we have provided a case example of predicting a miRNA which can target negative regulators of osteogenesis and experimentally evaluated the accuracy of the prediction results by Real-Time PCR and Luciferase assay. The results of RT-qPCR and Luciferase assay indicated a significant decline in expression of Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11) as the key negative regulators of osteogenesis upon overexpression of miR-4699-3p. The results emphasize the validity and importance of accurate in silico investigation as the first step in experimental studies. This is the first report detailing the prediction and validation of miR-4699-3p target genes. We suggest hsa-miR-4699 for further investigation as an osteogenic miRNA for therapeutics purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahedeh Hosseini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Wils LJ, Bijlsma MF. Epigenetic regulation of the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 121:23-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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18
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The Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer: Does Autophagy Play a Role? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112317. [PMID: 29469819 PMCID: PMC5713286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense RNA) plays a critical role in chromatin dynamics through the interaction with histone modifiers resulting in transcriptional gene silencing. The promoter of the HOTAIR gene contains multiple estrogen response elements (EREs) and is transcriptionally activated by estradiol in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. HOTAIR competes with BRCA1, a critical protein in breast cancer and is a critical regulator of genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. It mediates an oncogenic action of c-Myc, essential for breast carcinogenesis. The carcinogenic action of HOTAIR was confirmed in breast cancer stem-like cells, in which it was essential for self-renewal and proliferation. Several miRNAs regulate the expression of HOTAIR and HOTAIR interacts with many miRNAs to support cancer transformation. Many studies point at miR-34a as a major component of HOTAIR–miRNAs–cancer cross-talk. The most important role of HOTAIR can be attributed to cancer progression as its overexpression stimulates invasion and metastasis. HOTAIR can regulate autophagy, important for breast cancer cells survival, through the interaction with miRNAs specific for autophagy genes and directly with these genes. The role of HOTAIR-mediated autophagy in breast cancer progression can be underlined by its interaction with matrix metalloproteinases, essential for cancer invasion, and β-catenin can be important for this interaction. Therefore, there are several mechanisms of the interplay between HOTAIR and autophagy important for breast cancer, but further studies are needed to determine more details of this interplay.
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19
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Peng Y, Zhang X, Feng X, Fan X, Jin Z. The crosstalk between microRNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14089-14106. [PMID: 27793042 PMCID: PMC5355165 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has indicated microRNA (miR) dysregulation and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway jointly drive carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, and drug-resistance. The current review will focus on the role of the crosstalk between miRs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancer development. MiRs were found to activate or inhibit the canonical Wnt pathway at various steps. On the other hand, Wnt activation increases expression of miR by directly binding to its promoter and activating transcription. Moreover, there are mutual feedback loops between some miRs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clinical trials of miR-based therapeutic agents are investigated for solid and hematological tumors, however, challenges concerning low bioavailability and possible side effects must be overcome before the final clinical application. This review will describe current understanding of miR crosstalk with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. Better understanding of the regulatory network will provide insight into miR-based therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Tumors, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianling Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmim Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micromolecule Innovatal Drugs, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Tumors, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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20
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Schultz DJ, Muluhngwi P, Alizadeh-Rad N, Green MA, Rouchka EC, Waigel SJ, Klinge CM. Genome-wide miRNA response to anacardic acid in breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184471. [PMID: 28886127 PMCID: PMC5590942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer. Anacardic acid (AnAc) is a dietary phenolic lipid that inhibits both MCF-7 estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive and MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation with IC50s of 13.5 and 35 μM, respectively. To identify potential mediators of AnAc action in breast cancer, we profiled the genome-wide microRNA transcriptome (microRNAome) in these two cell lines altered by the AnAc 24:1n5 congener. Whole genome expression profiling (RNA-seq) and subsequent network analysis in MetaCore Gene Ontology (GO) algorithm was used to characterize the biological pathways altered by AnAc. In MCF-7 cells, 69 AnAc-responsive miRNAs were identified, e.g., increased let-7a and reduced miR-584. Fewer, i.e., 37 AnAc-responsive miRNAs were identified in MDA-MB-231 cells, e.g., decreased miR-23b and increased miR-1257. Only two miRNAs were increased by AnAc in both cell lines: miR-612 and miR-20b; however, opposite miRNA arm preference was noted: miR-20b-3p and miR-20b-5p were upregulated in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, respectively. miR-20b-5p target EFNB2 transcript levels were reduced by AnAc in MDA-MB-231 cells. AnAc reduced miR-378g that targets VIM (vimentin) and VIM mRNA transcript expression was increased in AnAc-treated MCF-7 cells, suggesting a reciprocal relationship. The top three enriched GO terms for AnAc-treated MCF-7 cells were B cell receptor signaling pathway and ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process for AnAc-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. The pathways modulated by these AnAc-regulated miRNAs suggest that key nodal molecules, e.g., Cyclin D1, MYC, c-FOS, PPARγ, and SIN3, are targets of AnAc activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Penn Muluhngwi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Negin Alizadeh-Rad
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Madelyn A. Green
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Rouchka
- Bioinformatics and Biomedical Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Sabine J. Waigel
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
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21
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Intersecting transcriptomic profiling technologies and long non-coding RNA function in lung adenocarcinoma: discovery, mechanisms, and therapeutic applications. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81538-81557. [PMID: 29113413 PMCID: PMC5655308 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously thought of as junk transcripts and pseudogene remnants, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have come into their own over the last decade as an essential component of cellular activity, regulating a plethora of functions within multicellular organisms. lncRNAs are now known to participate in development, cellular homeostasis, immunological processes, and the development of disease. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, hundreds of thousands of lncRNAs have been identified. However, movement beyond mere discovery to the understanding of molecular processes has been stymied by the complicated genomic structure, tissue-restricted expression, and diverse regulatory roles lncRNAs play. In this review, we will focus on lncRNAs involved in lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States and worldwide. We will summarize their various methods of discovery, provide consensus rankings of deregulated lncRNAs in lung cancer, and describe in detail the limited functional analysis that has been undertaken so far.
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22
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Wang M, Hu M, Li Z, Qian D, Wang B, Liu DX. miR-141-3p functions as a tumor suppressor modulating activating transcription factor 5 in glioma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1260-1267. [PMID: 28595907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor which arises from the central nervous system. Our studies reported that an anti-apoptotic factor, activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5), is highly expressed in malignant glioma specimens and cell lines. Downregulation by dominant-negetive ATF5 could repress glioma cell proliferation and accelerate apoptosis. Here, we further investigate the upstream factor which regulates ATF5 expression. Bioinformatic analysis showed that ATF5 was a potential target of miR-141-3p. Luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-141-3p specifically targeted the ATF5 3'-UTR in glioma cells. Functional studied suggested that miR-141-3p overexpression inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of glioma cells (U87MG and U251). Xenograft experiments proved the inhibition of miR-141-3p on glioma growth in vivo. Moreover, exogenous ATF5 without 3'-UTR restored the cell proliferation inhibition triggered by miR-141-3p. Taken together, we put forward that miR-141-3p is a new upstream target towards ATF5. It can serve as a crucial tumor suppressor in regulating the ATF5-regulated growth of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Zhaohua Li
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Dongmeng Qian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - David X Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Riverpoint Blvd Spokane, WA 992082, USA
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23
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Karimkhanloo H, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Ahsani Z, Paryan M. Bioinformatics prediction and experimental validation of microRNA-20a targeting Cyclin D1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698361. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the major form of primary liver cancer, which is the second and sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in men and women, respectively. Extensive research indicates that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in growth, development, and differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma, is one of the major signaling pathways that is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cyclin D1 is a proto-oncogene and is one of the major regulators of Wnt signaling pathway, and its overexpression has been detected in various types of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma. Using several validated bioinformatic databases, we predicted that the microRNAs are capable of targeting 3′-untranslated region of Cyclin D1 messenger RNA. According to the results, miR-20a was selected as the highest ranking microRNA targeting Cyclin D1 messenger RNA. Luciferase assay was recruited to confirm bioinformatic prediction results. Cyclin D1 expression was first assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in HepG2 cell line. Afterward, HepG2 cells were transduced by lentiviruses containing miR-20a. Then, the expression of miR-20a and Cyclin D1 was evaluated. The results of luciferase assay demonstrated targeting of 3′-untranslated region of Cyclin D1 messenger RNA by miR-20a. Furthermore, 238-fold decline in Cyclin D1 expression was observed after lentiviral induction of miR-20a in HepG2 cells. The results highlighted a considerable effect of miRNA-20a induction on the down-regulation of Cyclin D1 gene. Our results suggest that miR-20a can be used as a novel candidate for therapeutic purposes and a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Karimkhanloo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ahsani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Paryan
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Novel insight into triple-negative breast cancers, the emerging role of angiogenesis, and antiangiogenic therapy. Expert Rev Mol Med 2016; 18:e18. [DOI: 10.1017/erm.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumours characterised by lack of expression of oestrogen-, progesterone- and human epidermal growth factor receptors. TNBC, which represents approximately 15% of all mammary tumours, has a poor prognosis because of an aggressive behaviour and the lack of specific treatment. Accordingly, TNBC has become a major focus of research into breast cancer and is now classified into several molecular subtypes, each with a different prognosis. Pathological angiogenesis occurs at a late stage in the proliferation of TNBC and is associated with invasion and metastasis; there is an association with metabolic syndrome. Semaphorins are a versatile family of proteins with multiple roles in angiogenesis, tumour growth and metastasis and may represent a clinically useful focus for therapeutic targeting in this type of breast cancer. Another important field of investigation into the control of pathological angiogenesis is related to the expression of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) – these molecules can be considered as a therapeutic target or as a biomarker. Several molecular agents for intervening in the activity of different signalling pathways are being explored in TNBC, but none has so far proved effective in clinical trials and the disease continues to pose a defining challenge for clinical management as well as innovative cancer research.
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25
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Guo L, Yuan J, Xie N, Wu H, Chen W, Song S, Wang X. miRNA-411 acts as a potential tumor suppressor miRNA via the downregulation of specificity protein 1 in breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2975-82. [PMID: 27572271 PMCID: PMC5042781 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression and functions of microRNA (miR)-411 have been investigated in several types of cancer. However, until now, miR-411 in human breast cancer has not been examined. The present study investigated the expression, biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miR‑411 in human breast cancer, discussing whether it offers potential as a therapeutic biomarker for breast cancer in the future. The expression levels of miR‑411 in human breast cancer tissues and cells were measured using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Following transfection with miR‑411 mimics, an MTT assay, cell migration and invasion assay, western blot analysis and luciferase assay were performed in human breast cancer cell lines. According to the results, it was found that miR‑411 was significantly downregulated in breast cancer, and associated with lymph node metastasis and histological grade. Additionally, it was observed that miR‑411 suppressed cell growth, migration and invasion in the breast cancer cells. The present study also provided the first evidence, to the best of our knowledge, that miR‑411 was likely to directly target specificity protein 1 in breast cancer. These findings indicated that miR‑411 may be used a therapeutic biomarker for the treatment of breast cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfeng Guo
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Clinical College Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, The Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ni Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035
| | - Huisheng Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035
| | - Weicai Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035
| | - Shufen Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035
| | - Xianming Wang
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Clinical College Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035
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26
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Peng F, Xiong L, Tang H, Peng C, Chen J. Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition through microRNAs: clinical and biological significance of microRNAs in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14463-14477. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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27
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Tan H, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Peng L, Ji T. miR141 expression is downregulated and negatively correlated with STAT5 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1803-1808. [PMID: 27168807 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between microRNA-141 (miR141) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) expression levels in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to investigate the effects of miR141 on ESCC cells. A total of 45 consecutive patients with ESCC were enrolled in the study. The expression of miR141 in ESCC tissue samples was detected using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expression of STAT5 in the ESCC tissues was detected using immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. In addition, Eca109 cells were transfected with miR141 mimic, and the levels of STAT5 were detected using western blotting. The effects of miR141 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of the cells were also detected using MTT, scratch and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The miR141 expression level in the ESCC tissue samples was significantly decreased compared with that in the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). The expression of miR141 in the tissues from patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly decreased compared with that in the tissues of patients without such metastasis (P<0.05). The expression levels of STAT were significantly increased in the ESCC tissues compared with those in the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, the levels of STAT5 were significantly increased in the tissues from patients with lymph node metastasis compared with those without such metastasis (P<0.05); however, no statistically significant differences in miR141 expression were observed according to gender, age, tumor size, lesion location, differentiation and invasion (P>0.05). The results suggest that the miR141 mimic significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of Eca109 cells in vitro. miR141 and STAT5 expression levels exhibited a negative association in the ESCC tissues, and were both closely associated with the progression of ESCC. Therefore, it appears that miR141 plays an important role in the development, invasion and metastasis of ESCC by regulating the expression of STAT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Jiling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
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Peng Z, Wu T, Li Y, Xu Z, Zhang S, Liu B, Chen Q, Tian D. MicroRNA-370-3p inhibits human glioma cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest by directly targeting β-catenin. Brain Res 2016; 1644:53-61. [PMID: 27138069 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the expression and biological role of miR-370-3p in human gliomas. METHODS Clinical specimens from the brains of 20 glioma patients and 10 healthy controls were obtained to quantify the expression level of miR-370-3p using quantitative real-time PCR. Oligonucleotide mimics of miR-370-3p were transfected into U251 and U87-MG cells for a gain of function assay. The CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, EdU assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the roles of miR-370-3p in cell proliferation and the cell cycle regulation. Western blot and luciferase activity assays were used to investigate the reciprocal relationship between miR-370-3p and its predicted target, β-catenin. RESULTS miR-370-3p expression was frequently found to be decreased in glioma tissues, and its expression level was negatively correlated with the malignant degree of the glioma. Overexpression of miR-370-3p showed a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and accompanied cell cycle G0/G1 arrest in U251 and U87-MG cells. Furthermore, miR-370-3p inhibited the expression of the canonical Wnt pathway downstream targets cyclin D1 and c-myc via direct binding interaction with the 3'-untranslated region of β-catenin mRNA. Reintroduction of β-catenin could partially reverse the anti-proliferation effect of miR-370-3p. Finally, in 20 glioma tissues the expression of miR-370-3p was negatively correlated with both protein and mRNA levels of β-catenin. CONCLUSION miR-370-3p suppresses glioma cell growth by directly targeting β-catenin, suggesting that the miR-370-3p/β-catenin axis may be a target for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Tingfeng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yuntao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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Shimono Y, Mukohyama J, Nakamura SI, Minami H. MicroRNA Regulation of Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells. J Clin Med 2015; 5:jcm5010002. [PMID: 26712794 PMCID: PMC4730127 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in virtually all biological processes, including stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and development. The dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with many human diseases including cancer. We have identified a set of miRNAs differentially expressed between human breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-tumorigenic cancer cells. In addition, these miRNAs are similarly upregulated or downregulated in normal mammary stem/progenitor cells. In this review, we mainly describe the miRNAs that are dysregulated in human breast CSCs directly isolated from clinical specimens. The miRNAs and their clusters, such as the miR-200 clusters, miR-183 cluster, miR-221-222 cluster, let-7, miR-142 and miR-214, target the genes and pathways important for stem cell maintenance, such as the self-renewal gene BMI1, apoptosis, Wnt signaling, Notch signaling, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In addition, the current evidence shows that metastatic breast CSCs acquire a phenotype that is different from the CSCs in a primary site. Thus, clarifying the miRNA regulation of the metastatic breast CSCs will further advance our understanding of the roles of human breast CSCs in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shimono
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Junko Mukohyama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Shun-Ichi Nakamura
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
- Division of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Hironobu Minami
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
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Menschikowski M, Hagelgans A, Nacke B, Jandeck C, Sukocheva O, Siegert G. Epigenetic control of phospholipase A2 receptor expression in mammary cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:971. [PMID: 26672991 PMCID: PMC4682251 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has recently been proposed that the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R1) acts as a tumour suppressor in certain malignancies including mammary cancer. Considering that DNA methylation is an important regulator of gene transcription during carcinogenesis, in the current study we analyzed the PLA2R1 expression, PLA2R1 promoter methylation, and selected micro RNA (miRNA) levels in normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) and cancer cell lines. METHODS Levels of PLA2R1 and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) specific mRNA were determined using real-time RT-PCR. Methylation specific-high resolution melting (MS-HRM) analysis was utilized to quantify the methylation degree of selected CpG sites localized in the promoter region of the PLA2R1 gene. Expression of miRNA was tested using miScript Primer Assay system. RESULTS Nearly complete methylation of the analyzed PLA2R1 promoter region along with PLA2R1 gene silencing was identified in MDA-MB-453 mammary cancer cells. In MCF-7 and BT-474 mammary cancer cell lines, a higher DNA methylation degree and reduced PLA2R1 expression were found in comparison with those in normal HMEC. Synergistic effects of demethylating agent (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) and histone deacetylase inhibitor (trichostatin A) on PLA2R1 transcription in MDA-MB-453 cells confirmed the importance of DNA methylation and histone modification in the regulation of the PLA2R1 gene expression in mammary cells. Furthermore, significant positive correlation between the expression of DNMT1 and PLA2R1 gene methylation and negative correlation between the cellular levels of hsa-mir-141, -181b, and -181d-1 and the expression of PLA2R1 were identified in the analyzed cells. Analysis of combined z-score of miR-23b, -154 and -302d demonstrated a strong and significant positive correlation with PLA2R1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that (i) PLA2R1 expression in breast cancer cells is controlled by DNA methylation and histone modifications, (ii) hypermethylation of the PLA2R1 promoter region is associated with up-regulation of DNMT1, and (iii) hsa-miR-23b, -154, and -302d, as well as hsa-miR-141, -181b, and -181d-1 are potential candidates for post-transcriptional regulation of PLA2R1 expression in mammary cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Menschikowski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty "Carl Gustav Carus", Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Albert Hagelgans
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty "Carl Gustav Carus", Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Brit Nacke
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty "Carl Gustav Carus", Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Carsten Jandeck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty "Carl Gustav Carus", Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Olga Sukocheva
- School of Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia.
| | - Gabriele Siegert
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty "Carl Gustav Carus", Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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Magee P, Shi L, Garofalo M. Role of microRNAs in chemoresistance. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015; 3:332. [PMID: 26734642 PMCID: PMC4690999 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.11.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major problem in the treatment of cancer patients. Resistance can develop after prolonged cycles of chemotherapy or can be present intrinsically in the patient. There is an emerging role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in resistance to cancer treatments. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are evolutionarily conserved and also involved as regulators of gene expression through the silencing of mRNA targets. They are involved in many different cancer types and a plethora of mechanisms have been postulated for the roles that miRNAs play in the development of drug resistance. Hence, miRNA-based gene therapy may provide a novel approach for the future of cancer therapy. This review focuses on an overview of recent findings on the role of miRNAs in the resistance to chemotherapy in different tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Magee
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Lei Shi
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Michela Garofalo
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
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