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Wei WJ, Hong YL, Deng Y, Wang GL, Qiu JT, Pan F. Research progress on the development of hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met signaling pathway in gastric cancer: A review. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3397-3409. [PMID: 39171189 PMCID: PMC11334049 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, c-Met, play important roles in the occurrence, development, and treatment of gastric cancer (GC). This review explored the function of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway in GC and its potential targeted therapeutic mechanisms. As one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, GC has a complex pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism of GC is very important for the development of new therapeutic methods. The HGF/c-Met signaling pathway plays an important role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells and has become a new therapeutic target. This review summarizes the current research progress on the role of HGF/c-Met in GC and discusses targeted therapeutic strategies targeting this signaling pathway, providing new ideas and directions for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Jie Wei
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Ya-Li Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular, People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Yi Deng
- Intensive Care Unit, People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Guan-Liang Wang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Qiu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan, Chongqing 401520, China
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Wang LM, Zhang WW, Qiu YY, Wang F. Ferroptosis regulating lipid peroxidation metabolism in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2781-2792. [PMID: 38994139 PMCID: PMC11236228 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and its occurrence and development involve complex biological processes. Iron death, as a new cell death mode, has attracted wide attention in recent years. However, the regulatory mechanism of iron death in gastric cancer and its effect on lipid peroxidation metabolism remain unclear. AIM To explore the role of iron death in the development of gastric cancer, reveal its relationship with lipid peroxidation, and provide a new theoretical basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. METHODS The process of iron death in gastric cancer cells was simulated by cell culture model, and the occurrence of iron death was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The changes of gene expression related to iron death and lipid peroxidation metabolism were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. In addition, a mouse model of gastric cancer was established, and the role of iron death in vivo was studied by histology and immunohistochemistry, and the level of lipid peroxidation was detected. These methods comprehensively and deeply reveal the regulatory mechanism of iron death on lipid peroxidation metabolism in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. RESULTS Iron death was significantly activated in gastric cancer cells, and at the same time, associated lipid peroxidation levels increased significantly. Through high-throughput sequencing analysis, it was found that iron death regulated the expression of several genes related to lipid metabolism. In vivo experiments demonstrated that increased iron death in gastric cancer mice was accompanied by a significant increase in lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION This study confirmed the important role of iron death in regulating lipid peroxidation metabolism in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. The activation of iron death significantly increased lipid peroxidation levels, revealing its regulatory mechanism inside the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Mei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anqiu People's Hospital, Weifang 262123, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Feicheng People's Hospital, Tai’an 271600, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Yang Qiu
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
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Soezi M, Piri-Gavgani S, Ghanei M, Omrani MD, Soltanmohammadi B, Bagheri KP, Cohan RA, Vaziri F, Siadat SD, Fateh A, Khatami S, Azizi M, Rahimi-Jamnani F. Identification of a novel fully human anti-toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1 single-chain variable fragment antibody averting TSST-1-induced mitogenesis and cytokine secretion. BMC Biotechnol 2022; 22:31. [PMID: 36307814 PMCID: PMC9617332 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-022-00760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Staphylococcal superantigens are virulence factors that help the pathogen escape the immune system and develop an infection. Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1 is one of the most studied superantigens whose role in toxic shock syndrome and some particular disorders have been demonstrated. Inhibiting TSST-1 production with antibiotics and targeting TSST-1 with monoclonal antibodies might be one of the best strategies to prevent TSST-1-induced cytokines storm followed by lethality. Results A novel single-chain variable fragment (scFv), MS473, against TSST-1 was identified by selecting an scFv phage library on the TSST-1 protein. The MS473 scFv showed high affinity and specificity for TSST-1. Moreover, MS473 could significantly prevent TSST-1-induced mitogenicity (the IC50 value: 1.5 µM) and cytokine production. Conclusion Using traditional antibiotics with an anti-TSST-1 scFv as a safe and effective agent leads to deleting the infection source and preventing the detrimental effects of the toxin disseminated into the whole body. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-022-00760-8.
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Piri-Gavgani S, Ghanei M, Fateh A, Siadat SD, Nematollahi L, Rahimi-Jamnani F. Identification of two neutralizing human single-chain variable fragment antibodies targeting Staphylococcus aureus alpha-hemolysin. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1207-1214. [PMID: 36311199 PMCID: PMC9588317 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64103.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The inability of the host immune system to defeat Staphylococcus aureus is due to various secreted virulent factors such as leukocidins, superantigens, and hemolysins, which interrupt the function of immune components. Alpha-hemolysin is one of the most studied cytolysins due to its pronounced effect on developing staphylococcal infections. Alpha-hemolysin-neutralizing antibodies are among the best candidates for blocking the toxin activity and preventing S. aureus pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) phage display library was biopanned against alpha-hemolysin. The selected phage clones were assessed based on their binding ability to alpha-hemolysin. The binding specificity and affinity of two scFvs (designated SP192 and SP220) to alpha-hemolysin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, the neutralizing activity of SP192 and SP220 was examined by concurrent incubation of rabbit red blood cells (RBCs) with alpha-hemolysin and scFvs. RESULTS SP192 and SP220 showed significant binding to alpha-hemolysin compared with the control proteins, including bovine serum albumin, human adiponectin, and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Besides, both scFvs showed high-affinity binding to alpha-hemolysin in the nanomolar range (Kaff: 0.9 and 0.7 nM-1, respectively), leading to marked inhibition of alpha-hemolysin-mediated lysis of rabbit RBCs (73% and 84% inhibition; respectively). CONCLUSION SP192 and SP220 scFvs can potentially be used as alpha-hemolysin-neutralizing agents in conjunction with conventional antibiotics to combat S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Piri-Gavgani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Nematollahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors: Leila Nematollahi. Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. ; Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani. Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. ;
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi-Jamnani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran ,Corresponding authors: Leila Nematollahi. Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. ; Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani. Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. ;
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Basardeh E, Piri-Gavgani S, Soltanmohammadi B, Ghanei M, Omrani MD, Soezi M, Shokrgozar MA, Azizi M, Fateh A, Vaziri F, Siadat SD, Sharifzadeh Z, Rahimi-Jamnani F. Anti- Acinetobacter baumannii single-chain variable fragments show direct bactericidal activity. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1141-1149. [PMID: 36246061 PMCID: PMC9526879 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64062.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The high resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii and the limited number of available antibiotics have prompted a worldwide effort to develop effective antimicrobial agents. Accordingly, identifying single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFvs), capable of exerting direct antibacterial activity in an immune system-independent manner, may be making immunocompromised patients more susceptible to A. baumannii infections. Materials and Methods To isolate bactericidal scFvs targeting A. baumannii, we panned a large human scFv phage display library against whole-cell extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii strains grown as biofilm or cultured with human blood or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells plus plasma. The binding of scFv-phages to A. baumannii was assessed by the dot-blot assay. Soluble scFvs, derived from the selected phages, were assessed based on their ability to bind and inhibit the growth of A. baumannii. Results Five phage clones showed the highest reactivity toward A. baumannii. Among five soluble scFvs, derived from positive phage clones, two scFvs, EB211 and EB279, had high expression yields and displayed strong binding to A. baumannii compared with the controls. Moreover, XDR A. baumannii strains treated with positively-charged scFvs, including EB211, EB279, or a cocktail of EB211 and EB279 (200 µg/ml), displayed lower viability (approximately 50%, 78%, and 40% viability, respectively) compared with PBS-treated bacteria. Conclusion These results suggest that combining last-resort antibiotics with bactericidal scFvs could provide promising outcomes in immunocompromised individuals with A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilnaz Basardeh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Piri-Gavgani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoush Soltanmohammadi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soezi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Azizi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzam Vaziri
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Rahimi-Jamnani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran ,Corresponding author: Fatemeh Rahimi-Jamnani. Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-21-66953311; Fax: +98-21-66465132;
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Eaglesham JB, Garcia A, Berkmen M. Production of antibodies in SHuffle Escherichia coli strains. Methods Enzymol 2021; 659:105-144. [PMID: 34752282 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies are globally important macromolecules, used for research, diagnostics, and as therapeutics. The common mammalian antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a complex glycosylated macromolecule, composed of two heavy chains and two light chains held together by multiple disulfide bonds. For this reason, IgG and related antibody fragments are usually produced through secretion from mammalian cell lines, such as Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. However, there is growing interest in production of antibodies in prokaryotic systems due to the potential for rapid and cheap production in a highly genetically manipulable system. Research on oxidative protein folding in prokaryotes has enabled engineering of Escherichia coli strains capable of producing IgG and other disulfide bonded proteins in the cytoplasm, known as SHuffle. In this protocol, we provide a review of research on prokaryotic antibody production, guidelines on cloning of antibody expression constructs, conditions for an initial expression and purification experiment, and parameters which may be optimized for increased purification yields. Last, we discuss the limitations of prokaryotic antibody production, and highlight potential future avenues for research on antibody expression and folding.
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Soltanmohammadi B, Piri‐Gavgani S, Basardeh E, Ghanei M, Azizi M, Khaksar Z, Sharifzadeh Z, Badmasti F, Soezi M, Fateh A, Azimi P, Siadat SD, Shooraj F, Bouzari S, Omrani MD, Rahimi‐Jamnani F. Bactericidal fully human single-chain fragment variable antibodies protect mice against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1302. [PMID: 34221401 PMCID: PMC8240403 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, besides the inadequate numbers of effective antibiotics, emphasises the need to find new therapeutic agents against this lethal pathogen. METHODS In this study, to obtain antibody fragments against S. aureus, a human single-chain fragment variable (scFv) library was enriched against living methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) cells, grown in three different conditions, that is human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with plasma, whole blood and biofilm. The antibacterial activity of scFvs was evaluated by the growth inhibition assay in vitro. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficacy of anti-S. aureus scFvs was appraised in a mouse model of bacteraemia. RESULTS Three scFv antibodies, that is MEH63, MEH158 and MEH183, with unique sequences, were found, which exhibited significant binding to S. aureus and reduced the viability of S. aureus in in vitro inhibition assays. Based on the results, MEH63, MEH158 and MEH183, in addition to their combination, could prolong the survival rate, reduce the bacterial burden in the blood and prevent inflammation and tissue destruction in the kidneys and spleen of mice with MRSA bacteraemia compared with the vehicle group (treated with normal saline). CONCLUSION The combination therapy with anti-S. aureus scFvs and conventional antibiotics might shed light on the treatment of patients with S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnoush Soltanmohammadi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Somayeh Piri‐Gavgani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Eilnaz Basardeh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research CenterSystems Biology and Poisoning InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh Azizi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Zabihollah Khaksar
- Department of Basic SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran
| | | | - Farzad Badmasti
- Department of BacteriologyPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Mahdieh Soezi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Parisa Azimi
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Fahimeh Shooraj
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Molecular Biology DepartmentPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical GeneticsSchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi‐Jamnani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary ResearchPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Microbiology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
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