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Wu Y, Dai R, Yan W, Ren S, Ao Y. Characteristics of Sports Injuries in Athletes During the Winter Olympics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671231209286. [PMID: 38107844 PMCID: PMC10722932 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231209286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Athletes in the Winter Olympic Games are subject to high injury rates given the physical demands of sports. Comprehensive data regarding injury characteristics in these athletes are limited. Purpose To summarize and analyze data regarding the incidence and characteristics of sports injuries occurring in the Winter Olympic Games. Study Design Scoping review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods A systematic review of the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was conducted. Included were studies reporting the incidence of sports injuries during the Winter Olympics Games from 1995 through 2021. From 168 studies initially retrieved, 4 studies (8824 athletes, 1057 injured athletes) were included. A single-group meta-analysis of sports injury characteristics was performed, with subgroup analysis performed according to the different sports, injury locations, and injury types. Injury severity (time lost from sport) and mechanism were also assessed. Result The overall injury incidence rate (IIR) during the Winter Olympic Games was 9.6% (95% CI, 4.1%-19.8%). Snow sports were associated with the highest IIR (11.3%), with the top 3 events being the snowboard cross event in snowboarding (31.4%), the aerials event in freestyle skiing (28.6%), and the slopestyle event in snowboarding (27.7%). The most common injury locations were the knee (IIR = 20.0%; 95% CI 17.9%-22.0%), head (IIR = 10.6%; 95% CI, 9.4%-11.9%), and ankle (IIR = 8.2%; 95% CI 7.8%-8.7%). The most common injury types were contusion/hematoma/bruise (IIR = 29.9%; 95% CI 29.7%-30.0%), sprain (dislocation, subluxation, instability, ligamentous, rupture) (IIR = 21.9%; 95% CI 21.4%-22.3%), and strain (muscle rupture, tear, tendon rupture) (IIR = 11.3%; 95% CI 11.0%-11.6%). Regarding injury severity, most athletes had no time lost from sport (64.5%); 24.0% lost fewer than 7 days, and 11.5% lost more than 7 days. The most common injury mechanism was noncontact-related injury (63.3%). Conclusion In Winter Olympics sports, snow-sport injuries were more common than those associated with other sports, and the most common injury location was the knee. Most injuries did not require time loss, and the most were noncontact-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilan Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Ren
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Wu W, Kang Z, Mu D, Zhao H, Yang F. T2 mapping for quantitative assessment of ankle cartilage of weightlifters. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19160. [PMID: 37932324 PMCID: PMC10628267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The research into the prevention of sports injuries among the population, particularly juveniles, has become crucial due to the increasing participation in physical exercises like fitness. To assess the difference in T2 values of ankle talar cartilage between weightlifters and healthy volunteers using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique T2 mapping. Study design: Prospective. Prospective evaluation of T2 values of ankle cartilage of 50 weightlifters (30 adults and 20 juveniles) and 100 healthy volunteers (80 adults and 20 juveniles) using Siemens 3.0 T MRI with PDWI, T1WI, and T2 mapping sequences. Three physicians manually divided the talar cartilage of the ankle joint into six regions of interest. Three physicians utilized the anterior and posterior cut edges of the tibial cartilage as markers to identify the corresponding anterior and posterior cut edges of the talar cartilage on the sagittal MRI images. The medial and lateral sides were defined as half of the talar articular surface on the coronal plane. Differences in T2 values in each cartilage region were compared using independent sample T test or Mann-Whitney U test. The T2 values of talar cartilage were significantly increased in the athlete group relative to the volunteer group (35.11 and 31.99, P < 0.001), with the most significant difference observed in the juvenile athlete group compared to the volunteer group (34.42 and 28.73, P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the T2 value of ankle talar cartilage between weightlifters and healthy volunteers, and juveniles may be more vulnerable to overuse sports injuries. This study contributes to understanding the cartilage health of juvenile athletes and the prevention of sports injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibiao Wu
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No.5 NanQiXi Road, TieXi District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Kang
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No.5 NanQiXi Road, TieXi District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Mu
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No.5 NanQiXi Road, TieXi District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No.5 NanQiXi Road, TieXi District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yang
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, No.5 NanQiXi Road, TieXi District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China.
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Jungmann PM, Schaeffeler C. Bone Stress Injuries at the Ankle and Foot. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2023; 27:283-292. [PMID: 37230128 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1766098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone stress injuries (BSIs) are a frequent finding in athletes, particularly of the foot and ankle. A BSI is caused by recurring microtrauma to the cortical or trabecular bone exceeding the repair capacity of normal bone. The most frequent fractures at the ankle are low risk, characterized by a low risk for nonunion. These include the posteromedial tibia, the calcaneus, and the metatarsal diaphysis. High-risk stress fractures have a higher risk for nonunion and need more aggressive treatment. Examples are the medial malleolus, navicular bone, and the base of the second and fifth metatarsal bone.Imaging features depend on the primary involvement of cortical versus trabecular bone. Conventional radiographs may remain normal up to 2 to 3 weeks. For cortical bone, early signs of BSIs are a periosteal reaction or the "gray cortex sign," followed by cortical thickening and fracture line depiction. In trabecular bone, a sclerotic dense line may be seen. Magnetic resonance imaging enables early detection of BSIs and can differentiate between a stress reaction and a fracture. We review typical anamnestic/clinical findings, epidemiology and risk factors, imaging characteristics, and findings at typical locations of BSIs at the foot and ankle that may help guide treatment strategy and patient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia M Jungmann
- Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schaeffeler
- Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
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Jungmann PM, Lange T, Wenning M, Baumann FA, Bamberg F, Jung M. Ankle Sprains in Athletes: Current Epidemiological, Clinical and Imaging Trends. Open Access J Sports Med 2023; 14:29-46. [PMID: 37252646 PMCID: PMC10216848 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s397634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ankle injuries are frequent sports injuries. Despite optimizing treatment strategies during recent years, the percentage of chronification following an ankle sprain remains high. The purpose of this review article is, to highlight current epidemiological, clinical and novel advanced cross-sectional imaging trends that may help to evaluate ankle sprain injuries. Methods Systematic PubMed literature research. Identification and review of studies (i) analyzing and describing ankle sprain and (ii) focusing on advanced cross-sectional imaging techniques at the ankle. Results The ankle is one of the most frequently injured body parts in sports. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a change in sporting behavior and sports injuries. Ankle sprains account for about 16-40% of the sports-related injuries. Novel cross-sectional imaging techniques, including Compressed Sensing MRI, 3D MRI, ankle MRI with traction or plantarflexion-supination, quantitative MRI, CT-like MRI, CT arthrography, weight-bearing cone beam CT, dual-energy CT, photon-counting CT, and projection-based metal artifact reduction CT may be introduced for detection and evaluation of specific pathologies after ankle injury. While simple ankle sprains are generally treated conservatively, unstable syndesmotic injuries may undergo stabilization using suture-button-fixation. Minced cartilage implantation is a novel cartilage repair technique for osteochondral defects at the ankle. Conclusion Applications and advantages of different cross-sectional imaging techniques at the ankle are highlighted. In a personalized approach, optimal imaging techniques may be chosen that best detect and delineate structural ankle injuries in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia M Jungmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Lange
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wenning
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Frédéric A Baumann
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Hospital of Schiers, Schiers, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Jung
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Effects of Body Posture and Different Exercise Intensity on Athletes’ Limb Injury. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5103017. [PMID: 35799669 PMCID: PMC9256291 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5103017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to solve the problem of the influence of body posture and different exercise intensity on athletes' limb injuries, to meet the needs of understanding athletes' injuries, and to make up for the lack of investigations on athletes' limb injuries; this also increases the chances of an athlete avoiding injury. Severe acute sports injuries of high-level gymnasts endanger the personal safety of athletes. Many movements in gymnastics are done in the air much higher than the ground, and there is no fulcrum when the athlete does the movements; this just can only maintain balance and change your body posture through your own feelings, a slight error can easily cause your head or upper body to fall down, and the fragile spine cannot withstand the strong impact of the ground, resulting in high vertebral fractures, high paraplegia, and even death. Therefore, through a survey of 126 rhythmic gymnasts who participated in the 2011 “China Art Sports Cup” China Rhythmic Gymnastics Championship, a total of 172 injuries were found in 136 gymnasts, and the injury risk analysis was carried out from the main characteristics of the injuries.
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Tulendiyeva A, Saliev T, Andassova Z, Issabayev A, Fakhradiyev I. Historical overview of injury prevention in traditional martial arts. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00785-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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