1
|
Zheng S, Liu Z, Zhang S, Xie Q. Episode of ventricular fibrillation in patient with coronary artery ectasia during coronary angiography. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8151. [PMID: 38046800 PMCID: PMC10692313 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There was an 83-year-old man having coronary artery disease associated with coronary artery ectasia who occurred ventricular fibrillation suddenly during coronary artery angiography. As Kawasaki disease was suspected to the most likely reason which led to coronary artery lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Zheng
- The School of Clinical MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zuheng Liu
- The School of Clinical MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- The School of Clinical MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Qiang Xie
- The School of Clinical MedicineFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Xiamen Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nicolau JC, Feitosa Filho GS, Petriz JL, Furtado RHDM, Précoma DB, Lemke W, Lopes RD, Timerman A, Marin Neto JA, Bezerra Neto L, Gomes BFDO, Santos ECL, Piegas LS, Soeiro ADM, Negri AJDA, Franci A, Markman Filho B, Baccaro BM, Montenegro CEL, Rochitte CE, Barbosa CJDG, Virgens CMBD, Stefanini E, Manenti ERF, Lima FG, Monteiro Júnior FDC, Correa Filho H, Pena HPM, Pinto IMF, Falcão JLDAA, Sena JP, Peixoto JM, Souza JAD, Silva LSD, Maia LN, Ohe LN, Baracioli LM, Dallan LADO, Dallan LAP, Mattos LAPE, Bodanese LC, Ritt LEF, Canesin MF, Rivas MBDS, Franken M, Magalhães MJG, Oliveira Júnior MTD, Filgueiras Filho NM, Dutra OP, Coelho OR, Leães PE, Rossi PRF, Soares PR, Lemos Neto PA, Farsky PS, Cavalcanti RRC, Alves RJ, Kalil RAK, Esporcatte R, Marino RL, Giraldez RRCV, Meneghelo RS, Lima RDSL, Ramos RF, Falcão SNDRS, Dalçóquio TF, Lemke VDMG, Chalela WA, Mathias Júnior W. Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines on Unstable Angina and Acute Myocardial Infarction without ST-Segment Elevation - 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:181-264. [PMID: 34320090 PMCID: PMC8294740 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Nicolau
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Gilson Soares Feitosa Filho
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Centro Universitário de Tecnologia e Ciência (UniFTC), Salvador, BA - Brasil
| | - João Luiz Petriz
- Hospital Barra D'Or, Rede D'Or São Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Walmor Lemke
- Clínica Cardiocare, Curitiba, PR - Brasil
- Hospital das Nações, Curitiba, PR - Brasil
| | | | - Ari Timerman
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - José A Marin Neto
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Bruno Ferraz de Oliveira Gomes
- Hospital Barra D'Or, Rede D'Or São Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Edson Stefanini
- Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Felipe Gallego Lima
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Maria Peixoto
- Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS), Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil
| | - Juliana Ascenção de Souza
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Lilia Nigro Maia
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Luciano Moreira Baracioli
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Luís Alberto de Oliveira Dallan
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Luis Augusto Palma Dallan
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Luiz Carlos Bodanese
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Bueno da Silva Rivas
- Rede D'Or São Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Múcio Tavares de Oliveira Júnior
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Nivaldo Menezes Filgueiras Filho
- Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Hospital EMEC, Salvador, BA - Brasil
| | - Oscar Pereira Dutra
- Instituto de Cardiologia - Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil
| | - Otávio Rizzi Coelho
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Paulo Rogério Soares
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Esporcatte
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Talia Falcão Dalçóquio
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - William Azem Chalela
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Wilson Mathias Júnior
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prediction of life-threatening arrhythmias: Multifactorial risk stratification following acute myocardial infarction. Int J Angiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01616221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
4
|
Erceg P, Davidovic M, Vasiljevic Z, Mitrovic P, Vukcevic V, Zdravkovic S, Mihajlovic G, Despotovic N, Milosevic DP. Long-term prognosis of patients with early post-infarction angina. Circ J 2007; 71:1530-3. [PMID: 17895546 DOI: 10.1253/circj.71.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies have shown that early post-infarction angina (EPA) implies an unfavorable long-term prognosis among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, some studies have failed to establish a link between the occurrence of EPA and increased mortality and recurrent infarction rates. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to evaluate a long-term prognosis in patients with EPA, we assessed the 5-year prognosis of 80 patients with AMI by the presence or absence of EPA. During the 5-year follow up, the occurrence of death, cardiac death, recurrent infarction, unstable angina, heart failure, revascularization and cardiac events were recorded. A cardiac event was defined as an occurrence of any of the following events: cardiac death, recurrent infarction, unstable angina, heart failure and revascularization. Survival analysis showed no differences between patients with and without EPA in the probability of death (p=NS), cardiac death (p=NS), recurrent myocardial infarction (p=NS) and unstable angina (p=NS). Patients with EPA had a higher probability of developing cardiac events (p=0.0285) and undergoing revascularization procedures (p=0.0188). CONCLUSIONS EPA increases the risk of patients developing cardiac events and undergoing revascularization procedures, and thereby implies a poor long-term prognosis for patients with AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Erceg
- Gerontology Clinic, Zvezdara University Hospital, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Valenzuela LF, Vázquez R, Fournier JA, Cubero J, Maraví J, Cruz-Fernández JM, Kaski JC. Prediction of infarction-related artery occlusion and multivessel disease in postinfarction angina. Int J Cardiol 2007; 115:381-5. [PMID: 16814417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2005] [Revised: 03/31/2006] [Accepted: 04/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONDENSED ABSTRACT To investigate the predictive value of clinical data for infarction-related artery (IRA) occlusion and multivessel coronary disease in postinfarction angina (PIA), we studied 181 consecutive patients presenting PIA following a first uncomplicated ST elevation AMI. Multivariate analysis showed ECG changes during PIA and the absence of thrombolytic therapy as independent predictors of IRA occlusion. Independent clinical predictors of multivessel coronary disease were age, previous history of angina and the number of cardiovascular risk factors. We conclude that reversible ECG changes during PIA correlated to IRA occlusion but failed to predict a multivessel coronary disease. AIM To identify clinical variables predictive of infarction-related artery (IRA) occlusion and multivessel coronary disease in patients with postinfarction angina pectoris (PIA) after a first uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS We studied 181 consecutive patients with PIA following a first uncomplicated AMI. Clinical variables included cardiovascular risk factors, clinical history of angina before the event of inclusion, use of thrombolytic therapy in the previous AMI, ST-T changes during PIA, time to onset, number of episodes and delay to angiography after PIA. Angiographic variables were IRA TIMI flow, number of diseased vessels and ventricular function. RESULTS The IRA was occluded in 67 patients with PIA (37.0%). Reversible ECG changes during PIA were detected in 121 patients (67.0%): 79 cases (43.6%) with ST/T elevation and 42 cases (23.2%) with ST/T depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed ECG changes during PIA (OR 3.12 CI 95% 1.48-6.54, p<0.01) and the absence of thrombolytic therapy (OR 2.21 95% CI 1.11-4.43, p<0.05) as independent predictors of IRA occlusion. We found multivessel coronary disease in 89 patients (49.2%) without any correlation to ECG changes during PIA. Independent clinical predictors of multivessel coronary disease were age (OR 1.03 95% CI 1.01-1.06, p<0.05), previous history of angina (OR 2.37 95% CI 1.06-5.28, p<0.05) and the number of cardiovascular risk factors (OR 1.37 95% CI 0.97-1.92, p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS ECG changes during PIA was correlated to IRA occlusion in spite of previous thrombolytic therapy but failed to predict a multivessel coronary disease in our patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rosenberg VD, Nepomnyashchikh LM. Pathomorphological peculiarities of coronary artery ectasias and their role in the pathogenesis of sudden cardiac death. Bull Exp Biol Med 2005; 138:515-21. [PMID: 15723141 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-005-0085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polypositional postmortem contrast coronarography and pathomorphological analysis were used to study 400 cases of atherosclerotic, postinfarction, arrhythmogenic, and hypertensive heart. High incidence of sudden cardiac death was established in patients with coronary artery ectasia in atherosclerotic heart. In most cases, ectasias were observed in the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery with dominant localization in the second and forth segments. Correlation was found between the maximum incidence of ectasia in the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery and their maximal length, diameter, and bag-shaped appearance. We determined characteristic alterations in cardiac angioarchitectonics reflecting segmentary location of ectasia reflecting inadequacy of coronary circulation and myocardial ischemia leading to ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V D Rosenberg
- Department of General Pathology and Pathomorphology, Institute of Regional Pathology and Pathomorphology, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sionis Green A, Bosch X, Miranda-Guardiola F, Anguera I, Sitges M, Díez-Aja S, Sanz G, Betriu A. [In-hospital evolution and current prognosis of unstable angina]. Rev Esp Cardiol 2000; 53:1573-82. [PMID: 11171479 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-8932(00)75282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND PROGNOSIS The prognosis of patients with unstable angina has improved in recent years resulting in a progressive reduction in hospital stay and treatment. The aim of this study was to know the current prognosis of patients with unstable angina in a non-selected population followed for up to 3 months. PATIENTS AND METHODS 478 consecutive patients with unstable angina were studied. They were treated following a strict protocol and a management policy guided by symptoms and the results of an exercise test or a pharmacological stress test performed before hospital discharge. RESULTS The mean age was 66 +/- 11 years with 30% being females. Thirty-five percent had a prior history of myocardial infarction, 61% presented ischemic changes on the admission ECG, and 16% had elevation of the CK-MB plasma levels. An echocardiogram was performed in 80% of the patients, a stress test in 62%, coronary angiography in 51%, and a revascularization procedure in 27% of the patients. During hospitalization, the incidence of mortality or myocardial infarction, refractory angina or ischemic complications was of 3.6%, 11% and 13%, respectively. After hospital discharge and during a 3-month follow-up, the incidence of these complications was of 3.3%, 9% and 10% (NS compared to the in-hospital period). Overall, from the time of hospital admission to the 3-month follow-up, 4.2% of the patients died, 7% died or had an infarction, 20% had refractory angina, and 26% had some ischemic complication. CONCLUSION The in-hospital prognosis of unstable angina is currently good. However, patients discharged from hospital after stabilization, present an important number of ischemic complications during the following 3 months, similar to that presented by all patients during the acute phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sionis Green
- Institut de Malalties Cardiovasculars, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Becker RC. Improving the Efficacy and Stability of Coronary Reperfusion Following Thrombolysis: Exploring the Thrombin Hypothesis. J Thromb Thrombolysis 1999; 1:133-144. [PMID: 10603522 DOI: 10.1007/bf01062570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A major assumption in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) implies that the speed of coronary arterial reperfusion correlates directly with the overall extent of myocardial salvage, and that the extent of mycardial salvage, in turn, determines the absolute reduction in patient mortality. While a growing experience has made it clear that myocardial salvage-independent (time-independent) mechanisms of benefit also exist, few would argue with the hypothesis that the greatest benefit derived from coronary thrombolysis occurs with early (time-dependent) treatment. Thus, improvements in the efficacy of reperfusion and the stability of reperfusion are likely to have considerable impact on patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- RC Becker
- Thrombosis Research Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Betriu A, Califf RM, Bosch X, Guerci A, Stebbins AL, Barbagelata NA, Aylward PE, Vahanian A, Van de Werf F, Topol EJ. Recurrent ischemia after thrombolysis: importance of associated clinical findings. GUSTO-I Investigators. Global Utilization of Streptokinase and t-PA [tissue-plasminogen activator] for Occluded Coronary Arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31:94-102. [PMID: 9426024 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to assess the incidence and clinical relevance of examination data to recurrent ischemia within an international randomized trial. BACKGROUND Ischemic symptoms commonly recur after thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. METHODS Patients (n = 40,848) were prospectively evaluated for recurrent angina and transient electrocardiographic (ECG) or hemodynamic changes. Five groups were developed: Group 1, patients with no signs or symptoms of recurrent ischemia; Group 2, patients with angina only; Group 3, patients with angina and ST segment changes; Group 4, patients with angina and hemodynamic abnormalities; and Group 5, patients with angina, ST segment changes and hemodynamic abnormalities. Baseline clinical and outcome variables were compared among the five groups. RESULTS Group 1 comprised 32,717 patients, and Groups 2 to 5 comprised 20% of patients (4,488 in Group 2; 3,021 in Group 3; 337 in Group 4; and 285 in Group 5). Patients with recurrent ischemia were more often female, had more cardiovascular risk factors and less often received intravenous heparin. Significantly more extensive and more severe coronary disease, antianginal treatment, angioplasty and coronary bypass surgery were observed as a function of ischemic severity. The 30-day reinfarction rate was 1.6% in Group 1, 6.5% in Group 2, 21.7% in Group 3, 13.1% in Group 4 and 36.5% in Group 5 (p < 0.0001); in contrast, the 30-day mortality rate was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) in Groups 1, 2 and 3 (6.6%, 5.4% and 7.7%, respectively) than in Groups 4 and 5 (21.8% and 29.1%). CONCLUSIONS Postinfarction angina greatly increases the risk of reinfarction, especially when accompanied by transient ECG changes. However, mortality is markedly increased only in the presence of concomitant hemodynamic abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Betriu
- Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Early and six-month outcome in patients with angina pectoris early after acute myocardial infarction (the GISSI-3 APPI [angina precoce post-infarto] study). Am J Cardiol 1996; 78:1191-7. [PMID: 8960573 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence whether or not early postinfarction angina implies an unfavorable prognosis. This prospective study assessed the significance and natural history of early angina in a broad population of patients conservatively managed after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and enrolled in the third Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nel Infarto Miocardico (GISSI-3) trial. Out of 2,363 consecutive patients (age 63 +/- 11; first AMI in 86%; thrombolysis in 74%) admitted in 31 centers lacking on-site revascularization facilities, early angina associated with transient electrocardiographic (ECG) changes was documented in 332 (14%). At multivariate analysis, preinfarction angina, age > or = 70 years, female gender, and history of infarct were significant predictors of early angina. Though the in-hospital course was free from major cardiac events in 78% of patients after the first anginal episode, reinfarction was more common after early angina (7% vs 2% in patients without, RR 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9 to 5.6; p <0.001), and death occurred in 7% of patients with early angina (vs 5% of patients without, RR 1.4, CI 0.9 to 2.4, p = NS). No demographic or clinical characteristics identified patients who suffered nonfatal reinfarction after angina, and neither the ECG location (infarct zone or remote) nor patterns of ECG changes during angina proved significant predictors of in-hospital reinfarction or death. Early angina emerged as the sole independent predictor of 6-month cumulative reinfarction (12% vs 5% of patients without, RR 2.9, CI 2.0 to 4.4; p <0.0001) and an independent predictor of death (13% vs 7% of patients without early angina, RR 2.3, CI 1.6 to 3.3; p <0.0001). Early postinfarction angina is a powerful prognostic marker. Patients with early postinfarction angina had an unfavourable in-hospital outcome, but the prospective identification of patients at greater risk of major events after angina remains elusive. Although in-hospital stabilization was achieved by medical treatment in the majority of patients with early angina, their increased 6-month risk of reinfarction and death suggests that a more aggressive management is warranted.
Collapse
|
11
|
Bosch X, Magriñá J, March R, Sanz G, García A, Betriu A, Navarro-López F. Prediction of in-hospital cardiac events using dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy performed very early after acute myocardial infarction. Clin Cardiol 1996; 19:189-96. [PMID: 8674255 DOI: 10.1002/clc.4960190311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Ischemic complications occur frequently during hospitalization after acute myocardial infarction. Dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy performed early after admission can detect residual ischemia, may have additional prognostic value and be useful in the management of these patients. METHODS Dipyridamole infusion and 201thallium imaging were performed on the third day of infarction in 114 consecutive patients. Coronary angiography was performed before hospital discharge in 90% of patients and exercise testing was performed at the time of discharge in patients without contraindications. RESULTS Side effects occurred in 28 patients, but they were mild and transient or rapidly reversed with intravenous aminophylline. During hospitalization, three patients died and four had a nonfatal reinfarction. Patients with these major cardiac events had previously shown a higher prevalence of reversible perfusion defects during testing (71 vs. 31%, p < 0.05). In addition, 19 patients had early recurrent ischemia requiring early in-hospital revascularization. Overall, cardiac events defined as death, reinfarction, or early myocardial revascularization occurred in 22 patients. Of the patients with these events, 68% had thallium redistribution on initial myocardial scanning compared with 25% of patients without events (p = 0.0001). Patients with cardiac events also showed a higher number of myocardial segments with reversible perfusion defects (1.8 +/- 2.2 vs. 0.6 +/- 1.3, p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that among all the other clinical, scintigraphic, and angiographic variables, the presence of thallium redistribution on the dipyridamole-thallium scan was the only independent predictor of cardiac events, increasing the risk by sixfold. Furthermore, during a 1-year follow-up, 14 other patients had ischemic events. Of these, 64% had previously shown thallium redistribution during early dipyridamole testing compared with 19% of patients without cardiac events (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Intravenous dipyridamole-thallium-scintigraphy performed very early after myocardial infarction is safe and useful to predict in-hospital ischemic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Bosch
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- A J Camm
- Department of Cardiological Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, England, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Volpi A, De Vita C, Franzosi MG, Geraci E, Maggioni AP, Mauri F, Negri E, Santoro E, Tavazzi L, Tognoni G. Determinants of 6-month mortality in survivors of myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. Results of the GISSI-2 data base. The Ad hoc Working Group of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-2 Data Base. Circulation 1993; 88:416-29. [PMID: 8339405 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.88.2.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current knowledge of risk assessment in survivors of myocardial infarction is largely based on data gathered before the advent of thrombolysis. It must be determined whether and to what extent available information and proposed criteria of prognostication are applicable in the thrombolytic era. METHODS AND RESULTS We reassessed risk prediction in the 10,219 survivors of myocardial infarction with follow-up data available (ie, 98% of the total) who had been enrolled in the GISSI-2 trial, relying on a set of prespecified variables. The 3.5% 6-month all-cause mortality rate of these patients compared with the higher value of 4.6% found in the corresponding GISSI-1 cohort, originally allocated to streptokinase therapy, indicates a 24% reduction in postdischarge 6-month mortality. On multivariate analysis (Cox model), the following variables were predictors of 6-month all-cause mortality: ineligibility for exercise test for both cardiac (relative risk [RR], 3.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.36-4.62) and noncardiac reasons (RR, 3.28; 95% CI, 2.23-4.72), early left ventricular failure (RR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.87-3.09), echocardiographic evidence of recovery phase left ventricular dysfunction (RR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.78-2.98), advanced (more than 70 years) age (RR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.43-2.30), electrical instability (ie, frequent and/or complex ventricular arrhythmias) (RR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.32-2.19), late left ventricular failure (RR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.17-2.03), previous myocardial infarction (RR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.14-1.89), and a history of treated hypertension (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05-1.65). Early post-myocardial infarction angina, a positive exercise test, female sex, history of angina, history of insulin-dependent diabetes, and anterior site of myocardial infarction were not risk predictors. On further multivariate analysis, performed on 8315 patients with the echocardiographic indicator of left ventricular dysfunction available, only previous myocardial infarction was not retained as an independent risk predictor. CONCLUSIONS A decline in 6-month mortality of myocardial infarction survivors, seen within 6 hours of symptom onset, has been observed in recent years. Ineligibility for exercise test, early left ventricular failure, and recovery-phase left ventricular dysfunction are the most powerful (RR, > 2) predictors of 6-month mortality among patients recovering from myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. Qualitative variables reflecting residual myocardial ischemia do not appear to be risk predictors. The lack of an independent adverse influence of early post-myocardial infarction angina on 6-month survival represents a major difference between this study and those of the prethrombolytic era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Volpi
- GISSI Coordinating Center, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- P Théroux
- University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|