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Liu H, Ruan M, Mao P, Wang Z, Chen H, Weng Y. Unraveling the excited-state vibrational cooling dynamics of chlorophyll-a using femtosecond broadband fluorescence spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:205101. [PMID: 38804490 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of excited-state vibrational energy relaxation in photosynthetic pigments is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying energy transfer processes in light-harvesting complexes. Utilizing advanced femtosecond broadband transient fluorescence (TF) spectroscopy, we explored the excited-state vibrational dynamics of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) both in solution and within the light-harvesting complex II (LHCII). We discovered a vibrational cooling (VC) process occurring over ∼6 ps in Chl-a in ethanol solution following Soret band excitation, marked by a notable ultrafast TF blueshift and spectral narrowing. This VC process, crucial for regulating the vibronic lifetimes, was further elucidated through the direct observation of the population dynamics of higher vibrational states within the Qy electronic state. Notably, Chl-a within LHCII demonstrated significantly faster VC dynamics, unfolding within a few hundred femtoseconds and aligning with the ultrafast energy transfer processes observed within the complex. Our findings shed light on the complex interaction between electronic and vibrational states in photosynthetic pigments, underscoring the pivotal role of vibrational dynamics in enabling efficient energy transfer within light-harvesting complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyuan Liu
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meixia Ruan
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengcheng Mao
- Analysis and Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhuan Wang
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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2
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Bos PR, Schiphorst C, Kercher I, Buis S, de Jong D, Vunderink I, Wientjes E. Spectral diversity of photosystem I from flowering plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:35-47. [PMID: 36260271 PMCID: PMC9792416 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I and II (PSI and PSII) work together to convert solar energy into chemical energy. Whilst a lot of research has been done to unravel variability of PSII fluorescence in response to biotic and abiotic factors, the contribution of PSI to in vivo fluorescence measurements has often been neglected or considered to be constant. Furthermore, little is known about how the absorption and emission properties of PSI from different plant species differ. In this study, we have isolated PSI from five plant species and compared their characteristics using a combination of optical and biochemical techniques. Differences have been identified in the fluorescence emission spectra and at the protein level, whereas the absorption spectra were virtually the same in all cases. In addition, the emission spectrum of PSI depends on temperature over a physiologically relevant range from 280 to 298 K. Combined, our data show a critical comparison of the absorption and emission properties of PSI from various plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Bos
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christo Schiphorst
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Kercher
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sieka Buis
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Djanick de Jong
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Vunderink
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emilie Wientjes
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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3
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Akhtar P, Lambrev PH. On the spectral properties and excitation dynamics of long-wavelength chlorophylls in higher-plant photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148274. [PMID: 32712151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In higher-plant Photosystem I (PSI), the majority of "red" chlorophylls (absorbing at longer wavelengths than the reaction centre P700) are located in the peripheral antenna, but contradicting reports are given about red forms in the core complex. Here we attempt to clarify the spectroscopic characteristics and quantify the red forms in the PSI core complex, which have profound implication on understanding the energy transfer and charge separation dynamics. To this end we compare the steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectra and picosecond time-resolved fluorescence kinetics of isolated PSI core complex and PSI-LHCI supercomplex from Pisum sativum recorded at 77 K. Gaussian decomposition of the absorption spectra revealed a broad band at 705 nm in the core complex with an oscillator strength of three chlorophylls. Additional absorption at 703 nm and 711 nm in PSI-LHCI indicated up to five red chlorophylls in the peripheral antenna. Analysis of fluorescence emission spectra resolved states emitting at 705, 715 and 722 nm in the core and additional states around 705-710 nm and 733 nm in PSI-LHCI. The red states compete with P700 in trapping excitations in the bulk antenna, which occurs on a timescale of ~20 ps. The three red forms in the core have distinct decay kinetics, probably in part determined by the rate of quenching by the oxidized P700. These results affirm that the red chlorophylls in the core complex must not be neglected when interpreting kinetic experimental results of PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary.
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4
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Oros CL, Alves F. Leaf wound induced ultraweak photon emission is suppressed under anoxic stress: Observations of Spathiphyllum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using novel in vivo methodology. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198962. [PMID: 29902232 PMCID: PMC6002245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved a variety of means to energetically sense and respond to abiotic and biotic environmental stress. Two typical photochemical signaling responses involve the emission of volatile organic compounds and light. The emission of certain leaf wound volatiles and light are mutually dependent upon oxygen which is subsequently required for the wound-induced lipoxygenase reactions that trigger the formation of fatty acids and hydroperoxides; ultimately leading to photon emission by chlorophyll molecules. A low noise photomultiplier with sensitivity in the visible spectrum (300–720 nm) is used to continuously measure long duration ultraweak photon emission of dark-adapting whole Spathiphyllum leaves (in vivo). Leaves were mechanically wounded after two hours of dark adaptation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It was found that (1) nitrogen incubation did not affect the pre-wound basal photocounts; (2) wound induced leaf biophoton emission was significantly suppressed when under anoxic stress; and (3) the aerobic wound induced emission spectra observed was > 650 nm, implicating chlorophyll as the likely emitter. Limitations of the PMT photocathode’s radiant sensitivity, however, prevented accurate analysis from 700–720 nm. Further examination of leaf wounding profile photon counts revealed that the pre-wounding basal state (aerobic and anoxic), the anoxic wounding state, and the post-wounding aerobic state statistics all approximate a Poisson distribution. It is additionally observed that aerobic wounding induces two distinct exponential decay events. These observations contribute to the body of plant wound-induced luminescence research and provide a novel methodology to measure this phenomenon in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl L. Oros
- Information Sciences Department, Graduate School of Operational and Information Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Fabio Alves
- Physics Department, Graduate School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, United States of America
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5
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Jennings RC, Santabarbara S, Belgio E, Zucchelli G. The Carnot efficiency and plant photosystems. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350914020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Wientjes E, van Stokkum IHM, van Amerongen H, Croce R. Excitation-energy transfer dynamics of higher plant photosystem I light-harvesting complexes. Biophys J 2011; 100:1372-80. [PMID: 21354411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) plays a major role in the light reactions of photosynthesis. In higher plants, PSI is composed of a core complex and four outer antennas that are assembled as two dimers, Lhca1/4 and Lhca2/3. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements on the isolated dimers show very similar kinetics. The intermonomer transfer processes are resolved using target analysis. They occur at rates similar to those observed in transfer to the PSI core, suggesting competition between the two transfer pathways. It appears that each dimer is adopting various conformations that correspond to different lifetimes and emission spectra. A special feature of the Lhca complexes is the presence of an absorption band at low energy, originating from an excitonic state of a chlorophyll dimer, mixed with a charge-transfer state. These low-energy bands have high oscillator strengths and they are superradiant in both Lhca1/4 and Lhca2/3. This challenges the view that the low-energy charge-transfer state always functions as a quencher in plant Lhc's and it also challenges previous interpretations of PSI kinetics. The very similar properties of the low-energy states of both dimers indicate that the organization of the involved chlorophylls should also be similar, in disagreement with the available structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Wientjes
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Passarini F, Wientjes E, van Amerongen H, Croce R. Photosystem I light-harvesting complex Lhca4 adopts multiple conformations: Red forms and excited-state quenching are mutually exclusive. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2010; 1797:501-8. [PMID: 20097154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work we have investigated the origin of the multi-exponential fluorescence decay and of the short excited-state lifetime of Lhca4. Lhca4 is the antenna complex of Photosystem I which accommodates the red-most chlorophyll forms and it has been proposed that these chlorophylls can play a role in fluorescence quenching. Here we have compared the fluorescence decay of Lhca4 with that of several Lhca4 mutants that are affected in their red form content. The results show that neither the multi-exponentiality of the decay nor the fluorescence quenching is due to the red forms. The data indicate that Lhca4 exists in multiple conformations. The presence of the red forms, which are very sensitive to changes in the environment, allows to spectrally resolve the different conformations: a "blue" conformation with a short lifetime and a "red" one with a long lifetime. This finding strongly supports the idea that the members of the Lhc family are able to adopt different conformations associated with their light-harvesting and photoprotective roles. The ratio between the conformations is modified by the substitution of lutein by violaxanthin. Finally, it is demonstrated that the red forms cannot be present in the quenched conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Passarini
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Pedrós R, Moya I, Goulas Y, Jacquemoud S. Chlorophyll fluorescence emission spectrum inside a leaf. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:498-502. [PMID: 18385895 DOI: 10.1039/b719506k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyll a fluorescence can be used as an early stress indicator. Fluorescence is also connected to photosynthesis so it can be proposed for global monitoring of vegetation status from a satellite platform. Nevertheless, the correct interpretation of fluorescence requires accurate physical models. The spectral shape of the leaf fluorescence free of any re-absorption effect plays a key role in the models and is difficult to measure. We present a vegetation fluorescence emission spectrum free of re-absorption based on a combination of measurements and modelling. The suggested spectrum takes into account the photosystem I and II spectra and their relative contribution to fluorescence. This emission spectrum is applicable to describe vegetation fluorescence in biospectroscopy and remote sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pedrós
- Solar Radiation Group, Department of Earth Physics and Thermodynamics, University of Valencia, Spain
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10
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Garstka M, Drozak A, Rosiak M, Venema JH, Kierdaszuk B, Simeonova E, van Hasselt PR, Dobrucki J, Mostowska A. Light-dependent reversal of dark-chilling induced changes in chloroplast structure and arrangement of chlorophyll-protein complexes in bean thylakoid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2005; 1710:13-23. [PMID: 16209864 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2005.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2004] [Revised: 08/06/2005] [Accepted: 08/09/2005] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Changes in chloroplast structure and rearrangement of chlorophyll-protein (CP) complexes were investigated in detached leaves of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Eureka), a chilling-sensitive plant, during 5-day dark-chilling at 1 degrees C and subsequent 3-h photoactivation under white light (200 mumol photons m(-2) s(-1)) at 22 degrees C. Although, no change in chlorophyll (Chl) content and Chl a/b ratio in all samples was observed, overall fluorescence intensity of fluorescence emission and excitation spectra of thylakoid membranes isolated from dark-chilled leaves decreased to about 50%, and remained after photoactivation at 70% of that of the control sample. Concomitantly, the ratio between fluorescence intensities of PSI and PSII (F736/F681) at 120 K increased 1.5-fold upon chilling, and was fully reversed after photoactivation. Moreover, chilling stress seems to induce a decrease of the relative contribution of LHCII fluorescence to the thylakoid emission spectra at 120 K, and an increase of that from LHCI and PSI, correlated with a decrease of stability of LHCI-PSI and LHCII trimers, shown by mild-denaturing electrophoresis. These effects were reversed to a large extent after photoactivation, with the exception of LHCII, which remained partly in the aggregated form. In view of these data, it is likely that dark-chilling stress induces partial disassembly of CP complexes, not completely restorable upon photoactivation. These data are further supported by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, which showed that regular grana arrangement observed in chloroplasts isolated from control leaves was destroyed by dark-chilling stress, and was partially reconstructed after photoactivation. In line with this, Chl a fluorescence spectra of leaf discs demonstrated that dark-chilling caused a decrease of the quantum yield PSII photochemistry (F(v)/F(m)) by almost 40% in 5 days. Complete restoration of the photochemical activity of PSII required 9 h post-chilling photoactivation, while only 3 h were needed to reconstruct thylakoid membrane organization and chloroplast structure. The latter demonstrated that the long-term dark-chilled bean leaves started to suffer from photoinhibition after transfer to moderate irradiance and temperature conditions, delaying the recovery of PSII photochemistry, independently of photo-induced reconstruction of PSII complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Garstka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Warsaw University, Miecznikowa 1, PL-02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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11
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Andreeva A, Stoitchkova K, Busheva M, Apostolova E. Changes in the energy distribution between chlorophyll-protein complexes of thylakoid membranes from pea mutants with modified pigment content. I. Changes due to the modified pigment content. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2003; 70:153-62. [PMID: 12962639 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(03)00075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The low-temperature (77 K) emission and excitation chlorophyll fluorescence spectra in thylakoid membranes isolated from pea mutants were investigated. The mutants have modified pigment content, structural organization, different surface electric properties and functions [Dobrikova et al., Photosynth. Res. 65 (2000) 165]. The emission spectra of thylakoid membranes were decomposed into bands belonging to the main pigment protein complexes. By an integration of the areas under them, the changes in the energy distribution between the two photosystems as well as within each one of them were estimated. It was shown that the excitation energy flow to the light harvesting, core antenna and RC complexes of photosystem II increases with the total amount of pigments in the mutants, relative to the that to photosystem I complexes. A reduction of the fluorescence ratio between aggregated trimers of LHC II and its trimeric and monomeric forms with the increase of the pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and lutein) was observed. This implies that the closer packing in the complexes with a higher extent of aggregation regulates the energy distribution to the PS II core antenna and reaction centers complexes. Based on the reduced energy flow to PS II, i.e., the relative increased energy flow to PS I, we hypothesize that aggregation of LHC II switches the energy flow toward LHC I. These results suggest an additive regulatory mechanism, which redistributes the excitation energy between the two photosystems and operates at non-excess light intensities but at reduced pigment content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanaska Andreeva
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, 5 J. Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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13
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Scheller HV, Jensen PE, Haldrup A, Lunde C, Knoetzel J. Role of subunits in eukaryotic Photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1507:41-60. [PMID: 11687207 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(01)00196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) of eukaryotes has a number of features that distinguishes it from PSI of cyanobacteria. In plants, the PSI core has three subunits that are not found in cyanobacterial PSI. The remaining 11 subunits of the core are conserved but several of the subunits have a different role in eukaryotic PSI. A distinguishing feature of eukaryotic PSI is the membrane-imbedded peripheral antenna. Light-harvesting complex I is composed of four different subunits and is specific for PSI. Light-harvesting complex II can be associated with both PSI and PSII. Several of the core subunits interact with the peripheral antenna proteins and are important for proper function of the peripheral antenna. The review describes the role of the different subunits in eukaryotic PSI. The emphasis is on features that are different from cyanobacterial PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Scheller
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 40 Thorvaldsensvej, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Gobets B, Kennis JTM, Ihalainen JA, Brazzoli M, Croce R, van Stokkum IHM, Bassi R, Dekker JP, van Amerongen H, Fleming GR, van Grondelle R. Excitation Energy Transfer in Dimeric Light Harvesting Complex I: A Combined Streak-Camera/Fluorescence Upconversion Study. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bas Gobets
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - John T. M. Kennis
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Janne A. Ihalainen
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Brazzoli
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Croce
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ivo H. M. van Stokkum
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Jan P. Dekker
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Schmid VH, Thomé P, Rühle W, Paulsen H, Kühlbrandt W, Rogl H. Chlorophyll b is involved in long-wavelength spectral properties of light-harvesting complexes LHC I and LHC II. FEBS Lett 2001; 499:27-31. [PMID: 11418105 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) molecules attached to plant light-harvesting complexes (LHC) differ in their spectral behavior. While most Chl a and Chl b molecules give rise to absorption bands between 645 nm and 670 nm, some special Chls absorb at wavelengths longer than 700 nm. Among the Chl a/b-antennae of higher plants these are found exclusively in LHC I. In order to assign this special spectral property to one chlorophyll species we reconstituted LHC of both photosystem I (Lhca4) and photosystem II (Lhcb1) with carotenoids and only Chl a or Chl b and analyzed the effect on pigment binding, absorption and fluorescence properties. In both LHCs the Chl-binding sites of the omitted Chl species were occupied by the other species resulting in a constant total number of Chls in these complexes. 77-K spectroscopic measurements demonstrated that omission of Chl b in refolded Lhca4 resulted in a loss of long-wavelength absorption and 730-nm fluorescence emission. In Lhcb1 with only Chl b long-wavelength emission was preserved. These results clearly demonstrate the involvement of Chl b in establishing long-wavelength properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Schmid
- Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität, Mainz, Germany.
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Abstract
Exposure of isolated photosystem I (PSI) complexes to illumination (2300 microE m(-2) s(-1)) for various periods of time resulted in striking changes in their absorption spectra. A 6 nm blueshift of the absorption maximum in the red was detected after 100 min illumination. The fourth derivative of the absorption spectra verifies that the main change of the red peak was attributed to the 682 nm absorption band. Further, it was also shown that a shoulder in the absorption spectra located around 470 nm decreased after the first 5 min of illumination and almost disappeared after 40 min illumination, suggesting that chlorophyll b bound to light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) is also sensitive to excess light. A maximum inhibitory effect on the oxygen uptake rates and a strong stimulation were observed when the PSI complexes were exposed to illumination for about 20 and 40 min, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows that LHCI-680 started to degrade during the first 5 min of illumination and almost completely disappeared after 40 min of illumination. These observations demonstrated that LHCI was more sensitive to illumination than the PsaA/B subunits which also presented some degradation signs after 40 min illumination. In addition, insoluble-cohesive-denatured proteins also appeared between the stacking and resolving gel after prolonged illumination (100 min). A photoprotective function of LHCI for the PSI reaction center is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hui
- Groupe de Recherche en Energie et Information Biomoléculaires, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
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Busheva M, Andreeva A, Apostolova E. Effect of modification of light-harvesting complex II on fluorescence properties of thylakoid membranes of Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2000; 56:78-84. [PMID: 11073319 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(00)00063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The 77 K chlorophyll fluorescence spectra of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants deficient in lipid fatty acid desaturation have been used in order to further explore the influence of the modification of LHC II after mutation and proteolitic treatment on the energy transfer between the chlorophyll-protein complexes, as well as on the structure-function relationship in the supramolecular complex of Photosystem II. The gaussian decomposition and analysis of the fluorescence bands associated with PS II complex show the controversial action of the trypsin in the investigated thylakoid membranes. This reveals that the organization of PS II complexes is different in the wild type and both mutants indicating altered connection between the LHC II and the RC core complexes of PS II in both mutants. The results obtained demonstrate that different amounts of oligomer and monomer forms of LHC II in the mutants (LK3 and JB67), arising from lipid modification, are responsible for different proteolytic action in their thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Busheva
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia.
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Knoetzel J, Bossmann B, Grimme LH. Chlorina and viridis mutants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) allow assignment of long-wavelength chlorophyll forms to individual Lhca proteins of photosystem I in vivo. FEBS Lett 1998; 436:339-42. [PMID: 9801144 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)01158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The isolated subcomplex LHCI-730 of plant photosystem I (PSI) chlorophyll (Chl) alb binding antenna is a heterodimer of Lhca1 and Lhca4 and has a 77 K fluorescence emission peak at 730 nm (F730). Recently, three Chl spectral forms with 77 K fluorescence emission peaks at 720 nm, 730 nm and 742 nm were identified in native PSI. In an attempt to assign the two longest wavelength emission maxima to peripheral PSI antenna proteins, we performed 77 K fluorescence emission spectroscopy on intact leaves of chlorina and viridis mutants from barley which lack individual LHCI-730 proteins. This approach indicates that F732 is found only in Lhca1 and F742 only in Lhca4, when these proteins are associated with the PSI reaction centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Knoetzel
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Bremen, Germany.
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Melkozernov AN, Schmid VHR, Schmidt GW, Blankenship RE. Energy Redistribution in Heterodimeric Light-Harvesting Complex LHCI-730 of Photosystem I. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9810466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Melkozernov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; and Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-7271
| | - Volkmar H. R. Schmid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; and Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-7271
| | - Gregory W. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; and Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-7271
| | - Robert E. Blankenship
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604; and Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-7271
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Trinkunas G, Holzwarth AR. A Model for Dynamic Protein Control of Energy Transfer to Photosynthetic Reaction Centers. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9633660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gediminas Trinkunas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, D-45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany, and Institute of Physics, Vilnius 2600, Lithuania
| | - Alfred R. Holzwarth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, D-45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany, and Institute of Physics, Vilnius 2600, Lithuania
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Špunda V, Čajánek M, Ilík P, Kalina J, Nauš J. Appearance of long-wavelength excitation form of chlorophyll a in PS I fluorescence during greening of barley leaves under continuous light. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(97)00042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
The chlorophyll-carotenoid binding proteins responsible for absorption and conversion of light energy in oxygen-evolving photosynthetic organisms belong to two extended families: the Chl a binding core complexes common to cyanobacteria and all chloroplasts, and the nuclear-encoded light-harvesting antenna complexes of eukaryotic photosynthesizers (Chl a/b, Chl a/c, and Chl a proteins). There is a general consensus on polypeptide and pigment composition for higher plant pigment proteins. These are reviewed and compared with pigment proteins of chlorophyte, rhodophyte, and chromophyte algae. Major advances have been the determination of the structures of LHCII (major Chl a/b complex of higher plants), cyanobacterial Photosystem I, and the peridinen-Chl a protein of dinoflagellates to atomic resolution. Better isolation methods, improved transformation procedures, and the availability of molecular structure models are starting to provide insights into the pathways of energy transfer and the macromolecular organization of thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. R. Green
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada, Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, 11973 New York
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Dau H, Sauer K. Exciton equilibration and Photosystem II exciton dynamics — a fluorescence study on Photosystem II membrane particles of spinach. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(95)00141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jennings RC, Bassi R, Zucchelli G. Antenna structure and energy transfer in higher plant photosystems. ELECTRON TRANSFER II 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-60110-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Pålsson LO, Tjus SE, Andersson B, Gillbro T. Ultrafast energy transfer dynamics resolved in isolated spinach light-harvesting complex I and the LHC I-730 subpopulation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(95)00029-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Pålsson LO, Tjus SE, Andersson B, Gillbro T. Energy transfer in photosystem I. Time resolved fluorescence of the native photosystem I complex and its core complex. Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Holzwarth
- Max-Planck-Institut for Radiation Chemistry, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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Turconi S, Weber N, Schweitzer G, Strotmann H, Holzwarth AR. Energy transfer and charge separation kinetics in photosystem I. 2. Picosecond fluorescence study of various PS I particles and light-harvesting complex isolated from higher plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(94)90006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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