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de Oliveira IS, Alano-da-Silva NM, Ferreira IG, Cerni FA, Sachett JDAG, Monteiro WM, Pucca MB, Arantes EC. Understanding the complexity of Tityus serrulatus venom: A focus on high molecular weight components. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2024; 30:e20230046. [PMID: 38317796 PMCID: PMC10843179 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Tityus serrulatus scorpion is responsible for a significant number of envenomings in Brazil, ranging from mild to severe, and in some cases, leading to fatalities. While supportive care is the primary treatment modality, moderate and severe cases require antivenom administration despite potential limitations and adverse effects. The remarkable proliferation of T. serrulatus scorpions, attributed to their biology and asexual reproduction, contributes to a high incidence of envenomation. T. serrulatus scorpion venom predominantly consists of short proteins acting as neurotoxins (α and β), that primarily target ion channels. Nevertheless, high molecular weight compounds, including metalloproteases, serine proteases, phospholipases, and hyaluronidases, are also present in the venom. These compounds play a crucial role in envenomation, influencing the severity of symptoms and the spread of venom. This review endeavors to comprehensively understand the T. serrulatus scorpion venom by elucidating the primary high molecular weight compounds and exploring their potential contributions to envenomation. Understanding these compounds' mechanisms of action can aid in developing more effective treatments and prevention strategies, ultimately mitigating the impact of scorpion envenomation on public health in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Sousa de Oliveira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nicoly Malachize Alano-da-Silva
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Gobbo Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Augusto Cerni
- Health and Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett
- School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Department of Teaching and Research, Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Department of Teaching and Research, Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Manuela Berto Pucca
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliane Candiani Arantes
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Boldrini-França J, Cologna CT, Pucca MB, Bordon KDCF, Amorim FG, Anjolette FAP, Cordeiro FA, Wiezel GA, Cerni FA, Pinheiro-Junior EL, Shibao PYT, Ferreira IG, de Oliveira IS, Cardoso IA, Arantes EC. Minor snake venom proteins: Structure, function and potential applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:824-838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Silva F, Guidine PAM, Machado NL, Xavier CH, de Menezes R, Moraes-Santos T, Moraes MF, Chianca DA. The role of dorsomedial hypotalamus ionotropic glutamate receptors in the hypertensive and tachycardic responses evoked by Tityustoxin intracerebroventricular injection. Neurotoxicology 2015; 47:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Silva FCS, Guidine PA, Ribeiro MF, Fernandes LG, Xavier CH, de Menezes RC, Silva ME, Moraes-Santos T, Moraes MF, Chianca DA. Malnutrition alters the cardiovascular responses induced by central injection of tityustoxin in Fischer rats. Toxicon 2013; 76:343-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lima MED, Martin-Eauclaire MF. The Toxins Purified fromTityus Serrulatus(Lutz & Mello)Venom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/15569549509019474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abdel-Wahab MF, Abdo MS, Megahed YM, Osman OH. Labelling, Fractionation and Toxicity of Scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus H and E) Venom, using 125I, 131I and Gel-Filtration Technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10256017408623254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Abdel-Wahab
- a Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- b Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- c Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- d Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M. S. Abdo
- a Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- b Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- c Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- d Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y. M. Megahed
- a Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- b Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- c Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- d Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - O. H. Osman
- a Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- b Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- c Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- d Radioisotope Department , A.E.E., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Chhatwal GS, Habermann E. Neurotoxins, protease inhibitors and histamine releasers in the venom of the Indian red scorpion (Buthus tamulus): isolation and partial characterization. Toxicon 1981; 19:807-23. [PMID: 6175053 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(81)90077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Wright RP, Chan TK, Honetschlager L, Howell DE, Odell GV. Enzymes and toxins of the scorpion venom Palamneus gravimanus. Toxicon 1977; 15:197-205. [PMID: 867436 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(77)90045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Linden CD, Raftery MA. Isolation of a scorpion toxin for use as a probe of the electrically excitable sodium channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 72:646-53. [PMID: 985504 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(76)80089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ismail M, el-Asmar MF, Osman OH. Pharmacological studies with scorpion (Palamneus gravimanus) venom: evidence for the presence of histamine. Toxicon 1975; 13:49-56. [PMID: 1052560 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(75)90157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Gomez MV, Dai ME, Diniz CR. Effect of scorpion venom, tityustoxin, on the release of acetylcholine from incubated slices of rat brain. J Neurochem 1973; 20:1051-61. [PMID: 4697868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
Over a two-month period 30 patients were admitted to hospital following stings of the scorpion of Trinidad, the Tityus trinitatis. In 24 cases acute pancreatitis developed soon after the sting, but in nine of these no abdominal pain occurred. All the patients made an uneventful recovery. Although such complications have been reported no pseudocyst formations or acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis occurred in this series.
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Diniz CR, Torres JM. Release of an acetylcholine-like substance from guinea pig ileum by scorpion venom. Toxicon 1968; 5:277-81. [PMID: 4387961 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(68)90119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Miranda F, Rochat H, Rochat C, Lissitzky S. [Attempted purification of neurotoxins of venoms of a South American scorpion (Tityus serrulatus L. and M.) by some chromatographic methods]. Toxicon 1966; 4:145-52. [PMID: 6005046 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(66)90008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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MIRANDA F, ROCHAT H, LISSITZKY S. Sur les neurotoxines de deux especes de scorpions nord-africains. II—Proprietes des neurotoxines (Scorpamines) d'Androctonus australis (L.) et de Buthus occitanus (Am.). Toxicon 1964; 2:113-21. [PMID: 14301287 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(64)90012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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MASTER RW, RAO SS, SOMAN PD. Electrophoretic separation of biologically active constituents of scorpion venoms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963; 71:422-8. [PMID: 13933477 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)91097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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