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Wang R, Ansari MA, Ahmed H, Li Y, Cai W, Liu Y, Li S, Liu J, Li L, Chen X. Compact multi-foci metalens spectrometer. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:103. [PMID: 37142575 PMCID: PMC10160045 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A lightweight and portable spectrometer is desirable for miniaturization and integration. The unprecedented capability of optical metasurfaces has shown much promise to perform such a task. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a compact high-resolution spectrometer with a multi-foci metalens. The novel metalens is designed based on wavelength and phase multiplexing, which can accurately map the wavelength information into its focal points located on the same plane. The measured wavelengths in the light spectra agree with simulation results upon the illumination of various incident light spectra. The uniqueness of this technique lies in the novel metalens that can simultaneously realize wavelength splitting and light focusing. The compactness and ultrathin nature of the metalens spectrometer render this technology have potential applications in on-chip integrated photonics where spectral analysis and information processing can be performed in a compact platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxing Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, 071003, Baoding, China
| | - Muhammad Afnan Ansari
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Hammad Ahmed
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
- School of Materials, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, 450015, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Cai
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songtao Li
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, 071003, Baoding, China
| | - Jianlong Liu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Xianzhong Chen
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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Lee T, Kim W, Park J, Lee G. Hemolysis-Inspired, Highly Sensitive, Label-Free IgM Detection Using Erythrocyte Membrane-Functionalized Nanomechanical Resonators. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7738. [PMID: 36363329 PMCID: PMC9654754 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin detection is important for immunoassays, such as diagnosing infectious diseases, evaluating immune status, and determining neutralizing antibody concentrations. However, since most immunoassays rely on labeling methods, there are limitations on determining the limit of detection (LOD) of biosensors. In addition, although the antigen must be immobilized via complex chemical treatment, it is difficult to precisely control the immobilization concentration. This reduces the reproducibility of the biosensor. In this study, we propose a label-free method for antibody detection using microcantilever-based nanomechanical resonators functionalized with erythrocyte membrane (EM). This label-free method focuses on the phenomenon of antibody binding to oligosaccharides (blood type antigen) on the surface of the erythrocyte. We established a method for extracting the EM from erythrocytes and fabricated an EM-functionalized microcantilever (MC), termed EMMC, by surface-coating EM layers on the MC. When the EMMC was treated with immunoglobulin M (IgM), the bioassay was successfully performed in the linear range from 2.2 pM to 22 nM, and the LOD was 2.0 pM. The EMMC also exhibited excellent selectivity compared to other biomolecules such as serum albumin, γ-globulin, and IgM with different paratopes. These results demonstrate that EMMC-based nanotechnology may be utilized in criminal investigations to identify blood types with minimal amounts of blood or to evaluate individual immunity through virus-neutralizing antibody detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeha Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
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3
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Rahmawati I, Einaga Y, Ivandini TA, Fiorani A. Enzymatic biosensors with electrochemiluminescence transduction. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuaki Einaga
- Keio University - Yagami Campus: Keio Gijuku Daigaku - Yagami Campus Department of chemistry JAPAN
| | | | - Andrea Fiorani
- Keio University - Yagami Campus: Keio Gijuku Daigaku - Yagami Campus Department of Chemistry 3-14-1 Hiyoshi 223-8522 Yokohama JAPAN
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Aerobic Exercise Mediated Increase in BDNF Expression Ameliorates Depression in Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroidism in Adult Rats. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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5
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Bebars GM, Sayed MA, Hamdy L, Abdel Aziz RA. Effect of acute and chronic liver diseases on the thyroid function in children. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:361. [PMID: 34433432 PMCID: PMC8386006 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones modulate hepatic function through regulation of basal metabolic rate in addition; the liver metabolizes the thyroid hormones and regulates their endocrine effects. OBJECTIVES To assess thyroid functions in children with acute and chronic liver diseases. METHODS 85 studied children were divided into 4 groups; group 1 (20 children) with acute hepatitis (AH), group 2 (20 children) chronic liver disease1 (CLD1; relatively preserved liver functions including Child-Pugh stage A), group 3 (20 children) chronic liver disease2 (CLD2; includes Child-Pugh stage B or C), group 4 (25 children) controls. All groups were subjected to detailed history, physical examination, Complete blood count, liver, renal function tests, viral markers, and thyroid functions (FT3, FT4, TSH). RESULTS Free T3 levels were lower in children with AH, CLD1 and CLD2. There was significant increase in TSH serum levels in CLD2.In acute hepatitis a negative correlation between serum free T4 and AST (r = -0.991), positive correlation between serum TSH and AST, VLDL, and cholesterol levels (r= 0.503, 0.533 and 0.498). A positive correlation between free T3 levels and prothrombin concentration (r= 0.991). Negative correlations between free T3 levels and PT, serum bilirubin and LDL serum levels in children with CLD2 (r= -0.992) (r= -0.902) and (r= -0.946) CONCLUSION: Acute and chronic liver diseases affect thyroid function in children and is correlated with the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan M Bebars
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Madeha A Sayed
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
| | - Lamia Hamdy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Reem A Abdel Aziz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
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Sang P, Hu Z, Cheng Y, Yu H, Xie Y, Yao W, Guo Y, Qian H. Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques in Immunoassay: An Integrated Approach with Hybrid Performance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5783-5797. [PMID: 34009975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An immunoassay is mostly employed for the direct detection of food contaminants, and a molecular assay for targeting nucleic acids employs amplification techniques for distinguishing genes. The integration of an immunoassay with nucleic acid amplification techniques inherits the direct and rapid performance of an immunoassay and the ultrasensitive merit of a molecular assay. Enthusiastic attention has been attracted in recent years on the utilization of isothermal amplification techniques in an immunoassay, as well as the employment of a lateral flow immunoassay in a molecular assay. Thus, this Review discussed these kinds of approaches from two categories: immuno-nucleic acid amplification (I-NAA) and nucleic acid amplification-immunoassay (NAA-I). The advantages, drawbacks, and future developments were discussed for a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panting Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Center for Technology Innovation on Fast Biological Detection of Grain Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Thamizhvanan S, Nafeez Ahmed A, Vinoth Kumar D, Vimal S, Majeed SA, Taju G, Hauton C, Sahul Hameed AS. Silencing of prophenoloxidase (proPO) gene in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, makes them susceptible to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:573-584. [PMID: 33169393 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Prophenoloxidase (proPO) is very important to protect the invertebrates from microbial infections. Our previous studies revealed that proPO was up-regulated in WSSV-injected Macrobrachium rosenbergii and is responsible for protecting M. rosenbergii from WSSV. In order to prove this mechanism, an attempt was made in the present study to silence the proPO gene in freshwater prawn by injection of dsRNA-proPO followed by WSSV challenge. Two partial fragments of proPO with the size of 251 and 331 bp were used to synthesize dsRNA using LITMUS38i vector and E. coli. The bacterially synthesized dsRNA-proPO was used to silence proPO gene to determine its involvement in developing resistance in prawn against WSSV. In proPO gene-silenced prawn, 100% mortality was observed after WSSV challenge whereas no mortality was observed in prawn injected with WSSV alone. The WSSV infection in gene-silenced prawn was confirmed by PCR, and its propagation was quantified by ELISA and real-time PCR at different time intervals. Real-time PCR assay revealed a significant reduction in the expression of proPO gene in WSSV-challenged proPO-silenced prawn when compared to normal prawn. Level of proPO was reduced significantly in the haemolymph of proPO-silenced prawn when compared to prawn injected with PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thamizhvanan
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
| | - A Nafeez Ahmed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
| | - D Vinoth Kumar
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
| | - S Vimal
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
| | - G Taju
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
| | - Chris Hauton
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Ranipet, India
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Saha I, Chakraborty SB, Chatterjee A, Pradhan D, Chatterji U, Maiti BR. Arecoline inhibits pineal-testis function in experimentally induced hypothyroid rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:7-16. [PMID: 30145920 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1486428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Arecoline is known to cause endocrine dysfunction. In the current article role of arecoline on pineal-testis activity was investigated in hypothyroid rats induced by propylthiouracil (PTU). PTU treatment caused thyroid dysfunction ultrastructurally with a fall in T3 and T4 levels followed by a rise of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Pineal activity was impaired by PTU treatment, as evident from degenerated synaptic ribbons and mitochondria of the pinealocytes with depletion of pineal and serum N-acetyl serotonin and melatonin levels. Leydig cell function was suppressed, evident from reduced smooth endoplasmic reticulum and depletion of testosterone level. Sex accessories function was impaired by showing scanty rough endoplasmic reticulum with depletion of fructose and sialic acid levels. Arecoline treatment that caused pineal dysfunction and testicular stimulation in control rats, suppressed both pineal and testis functions after PTU treatment. The findings suggest that arecoline inhibits pineal-testis function in experimentally induced hypothyroid rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indraneel Saha
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India
| | | | | | | | - Urmi Chatterji
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India
| | - B R Maiti
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India
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Salem NA, Alnahdi HS. The impact of nandrolone decanoate abuse on experimental animal model: Hormonal and biochemical assessment. Steroids 2020; 153:108526. [PMID: 31669061 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is one of the most commonly abused anabolic androgenic steroids compounds in the world owing to its ability to improve physical performance but its abuse is associated with several adverse effects. The current study was performed to evaluate the effect of recommended and overdose of nandrolone decanoate (ND) for short and long term on the alterations of biochemical markers related to kidney, liver, adrenal, thyroid gland functions and oxidant and antioxidant activities. Sixty male rats were randomly assigned into two major groups. The first was treated with ND for 6 weeks and the second was treated with same drug for 12 weeks. Each of these groups was further subdivided into three sub groups: 1-Control (untreated rats), 2- Rats intraperitoneally injected with ND 3 mg/kg weekly, 3- Rats intraperitoneally injected with ND 15 mg/kg weekly. Administration of high ND dose for either short or long term significantly elevated kidney function biomarkers, liver enzymes both in serum, cytosol and mitochondria, insignificantly increased thyroid function, significantly increased adrenal function while, decreased ACTH. Moreover, oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly upregulated associated with depression in antioxidants activities. Administration of high ND dose for either short or long term as well as the repeated use of recommended ND dose for long term proved to have harmful effects manifested in impairing the functions of kidneys, liver, thyroid and adrenal glands as well as oxidant antioxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neveen A Salem
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Narcotics, Ergogenic Aids and Poisons, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S Alnahdi
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Chen YJ, Chen M, Cheng TL, Roffler SR, Lin SY, Hsu HL, Wang CH, Chen CY, Kao AP, Cheng JJ, Chuang KH. Simply Mixing Poly Protein G with Detection Antibodies Enhances the Detection Limit and Sensitivity of Immunoassays. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8310-8317. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Steve R. Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyr-Yi Lin
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - An-Pei Kao
- Stemforce Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jy Cheng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
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Byun JY, Lee KH, Shin YB, Kim DM. Cascading Amplification of Immunoassay Signal by Cell-Free Expression of Firefly Luciferase from Detection Antibody-Conjugated DNA in an Escherichia coli Extract. ACS Sens 2019; 4:93-99. [PMID: 30582797 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An expression immunoassay is a powerful technique that combines unique features of immunosorbent assays and cell-free protein synthesis. The main advantage of the expression immunoassay is a greatly amplified signal, whereas a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employs a single enzyme molecule conjugated to a detection antibody to produce a measurable signal. Expression immunoassays utilize a DNA molecule conjugated to a target-bound antibody to generate multiple enzyme molecules that then produce the signal. To date, expression immunoassays have not been widely adopted due to the limited availability of efficient methods for translating antibody-conjugated DNA. We developed a highly efficient translation module for expression immunoassays using an Escherichia coli extract-based cell-free protein synthesis system. When we used our immunoassay technique to detect α-fetoprotein, we achieved a limit of detection of 7 fM. Given the outstanding sensitivity that can be obtained with only minimal modifications to the procedure of standard ELISA, we believe that this method will open up new possibilities for widespread application of expression immunoassays to ultrasensitive detection and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Byun
- Hazards Monitoring BioNano Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Shin
- Hazards Monitoring BioNano Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- BioNano Health Guard Research Center (H-GUARD), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Sushila N, Hameed AS, Prasad KP, Majeed SA, Tripathi G. In vitro screening of selected antiviral drugs against betanodavirus. J Virol Methods 2018; 259:66-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Millions of people consume betel nut for increased capacity of work. It contains arecoline which is highly toxic and has several untoward side effects on endocrine functions. In this article, the role of arecoline on thyroid function under metabolic stress was investigated in mice. Water or food-deprivation, each for 5 days, caused ultrastructural degeneration of thyro-follicular cells, evident from pycnotic nuclei, scanty rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria followed by depletion of blood serum T3 and T4 levels with alteration of TSH level as compared with control. Thyroid activity was also suppressed ultrastructurally as well as at hormonal level after arecoline administration. Further, arecoline treatment in water deprivation or food deprivation stress also caused thyroid dysfunction beyond that of metabolic stress, as evident from further ultrastructural degeneration of thyrocytes and depletion of thyroid hormones in mice. The findings suggest that arecoline aggravates hypothyroid condition in metabolic stress in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romi Dasgupta
- a Department of Zoology , University of Calcutta , Calcutta , India
| | | | | | - B R Maiti
- a Department of Zoology , University of Calcutta , Calcutta , India
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Ray PP, Chatterjee T, Roy S, Rakshit S, Bhowmik M, Guha J, Maity A, Saha I, Bhowal A, Chatterjee A, Sarkar S, Nag D, Maiti BR. Noise Induces Hypothyroidism and Gonadal Dysfunction Via Stimulation of Pineal–Adrenal Axis in Chicks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12595-016-0180-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Kaplan AJ, Stacy NI, Jacobson E, Le-Bert CR, Nollens HH, Origgi FC, Green LG, Bootorabi S, Bolten A, Hernandez JA. Development and validation of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of total plasma immunoglobulins in healthy loggerhead sea (Caretta caretta) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas). J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 28:5-11. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638715617804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantification of circulating plasma immunoglobulins represents a valuable diagnostic tool in human and veterinary immunology, although its application is very limited in reptile medicine to date. The objectives of our study were the development and standardization of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for the measurement of total plasma immunoglobulins (Igs; both IgM and IgY) in loggerhead sea turtles (LST; Caretta caretta; n = 254) and green turtles (GT; Chelonia mydas; n = 111), the establishment of reference intervals for Ig for both species, and the examination of associations between Ig and total protein (TP), condition index, and water temperature. The cELISA for Ig was successfully developed and optimized. Reference intervals for Ig were 0.38–0.94 g/dL in LST (median: 0.59 g/dL; range: 0.16–2.15 g/dL) and 0.40–0.85 g/dL in GT (median: 0.58 g/dL; range: 0.18–1.80 g/dL). In LST, there were positive linear relationships of Ig with TP, and TP with Ig and condition index, and a negative relationship of Ig with condition index. The positive linear relationships of Ig with TP, and TP with Ig were also identified in GT. These positive associations of Ig and TP were expected, as Ig represents fractions of TP, and TP reportedly increases with straight carapace length and weight. The negative association of Ig with condition index may indicate potential biological variations. The cELISA and reference intervals for total Ig of LST and GT presented herein have the potential to be useful as a diagnostic and research tool for sea turtle immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J. Kaplan
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Nicole I. Stacy
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Elliott Jacobson
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Carolina R. Le-Bert
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Hendrik H. Nollens
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Francesco C. Origgi
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Linda G. Green
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Shadi Bootorabi
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Alan Bolten
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
| | - Jorge A. Hernandez
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Kaplan, Jacobson, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (Stacy, Le-Bert, Nollens, Hernandez), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- College of Veterinary Medicine, and the Hybridoma Core Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (Green, Bootorabi), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology (Bolten), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA (Le-Bert)
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Abbassy MA, Marei AESM, Al-Ashkar MAM, Mossa ATH. Adverse biochemical effects of various pesticides on sprayers of cotton fields in El-Behira Governorate, Egypt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Abubaker F. In vitro immunogenic and immunostimulatory effects of zwitterionized 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine compared with nonzwitterionized vaccine. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2014; 71:60-77. [PMID: 24683251 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was hypothesized that the observed slight immunostimulatory effect of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide (pneumo-23) vaccine might be due to the presence of low levels of zwitterionic motifs. Therefore, it was hypothesized further that introducing zwitterionic motifs experimentally into polysaccharides of pneumo-23 vaccine might render it an effective immunostimulatory agent. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess the in vitro immunostimulatory effect of zwitterionized pneumo-23 (Z-P23) vaccine compared with the nonzwitterionized commercial pneumo-23 (C-P23) vaccine. METHODS In vitro proliferation, ELISA-based in vitro cytokine synthesis (interleukin [IL]-2, interferon [IFN]-γ, and IL-10), and immunofluorescence microscopy-based immune cell profiling (CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD21(+) cells) assays were used to evaluate the immunostimulatory effect of Z-P23 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of immunosuppressed cancer (IC) patients and healthy control subjects in comparison with PBMC exposed to C-P23, concanavalin A (positive control), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (negative control). RESULTS Z-P23 induced proliferation of PBMC in the IC (81.1%) and control (75.1%) groups significantly higher than that achieved with concanavalin A in the IC group (51.0%; P = 0.01) but not in the control group (89.2%; P = NS). This was also significantly higher than that achieved with C-P23 in the IC (4.8%; P < 0.001) and control (6.2%; P < 0.001) groups. Z-P23 induced IL-2 and IFN-γ synthesis in the IC group (0.61 and 0.45 ng/mL, respectively) significantly more than that with C-P23 (0.4 and 0.45 ng/mL; P = 0.002 and P <0.001), concanavalin A (0.45 and 0.31 ng/mL; P = 0.021 and P = 0.03), and PBS (0.41 and 0.29 ng/mL; P = 0.005 and P = 0.04) but not the control group. Z-P23 induced expansion of CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD21(+) lymphocytes (39.3%, 42.7%, and 8.1%, respectively) in the IC group higher than that with C-P23 (28.3%, 30.1%, and 5.5%; P = 0.01, P = 0.003, and P = NS), concanavalin A (27.2%, 35.8%, and 4.1%; P = 0.02, P = 0.048, and P = 0.035), and PBS (25.6%, 31.9%, and 4.2%; P = 0.018, P = 0.02, and P = 0.045). CONCLUSION The in vitro immunostimulatory potential of Z-P23 was clearly observed on PBMC of IC patients as well as, to a lesser extent, healthy control subjects, stimulating the synthesis of core cytokines of T-helper 1, and primarily inducing CD4(+) and CD8(+)T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abdulamir
- Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia ; Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rand R Hafidh
- Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia ; Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Fatimah Abubaker
- Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Venkatesan C, Sarathi M, Balasubramanian G, Saravanan A, Vimal S, Madan N, Majeed SA, Raj NS, Hameed ASS, babu VS. Detection and neutralization of cobra venom using rabbit antiserum in experimental envenomated mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 33:772-82. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327113511474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect the venom of Indian cobra ( Naja naja naja) in various tissues (brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, blood, kidneys, and tissue at the site of injection) of mice after cobra venom injected at different time intervals (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h intervals up to 24 h). Whole venom antiserum or individual venom protein antiserum (14, 29, 65, 72, and 99 kDa) could recognize N. n. naja venom by Western blotting and ELISA, and antibody titer was also assayed by ELISA. Antiserum raised against cobra venom in rabbit significantly neutralized the toxicity of venom-injected mice at different time intervals after treatment. The assay could detect N. n. naja venom levels up to 2.5 ng/ml of tissue homogenate, and the venom was detected up to 24 h after venom injection. Venom was detected in brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, tissue at the bite area, and blood. As observed in mice, tissue at the site of bite area showed the highest concentration of venom and the brain showed the least. Moderate amounts of venoms were found in liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, and lungs. Development of a simple, rapid, and species-specific diagnostic kit based on this ELISA technique useful to clinicians is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venkatesan
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Sarathi
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - G Balasubramanian
- Department of Zoology, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheiyar, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Saravanan
- Micro Therapeutic Research Labs, Tambaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Vimal
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Madan
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Sundar Raj
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - AS Sahul Hameed
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Sarath babu
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kumari GL, Pandey PK, Nathsharma SS, Sharma SK, Kochhar G. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF ANTIBODIES AND ENZYME LABELS ON ELISA OF PROGESTERONE. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2013; 35:157-72. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2013.824900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Partial cloning and production of polyclonal antiserum against recombinant capsid protein of Hepatopancreatic Parvovirus (HPV) and its application for diagnostics in penaeid shrimp. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Venkatesan C, Sarathi M, Balasubramanaiyan G, Vimal S, Madan N, Sundar Raj N, Mohammed Yusuf Bilal S, Nazeer Basha A, Farook MA, Sahul Hameed AS, Sridevi G. Neutralization of cobra venom by cocktail antiserum against venom proteins of cobra (Naja naja naja). Biologicals 2013; 42:8-21. [PMID: 24176716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naja naja venom was characterized by its immunochemical properties and electrophoretic pattern which revealed eight protein bands (14 kDa, 24 kDa, 29 kDa, 45 kDa, 48 kDa, 65 kDa, 72 kDa and 99 kDa) by SDS-PAGE in reducing condition after staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue. The results showed that Naja venom presented high lethal activity. Whole venom antiserum or individual venom protein antiserum (14 kDa, 29 kDa, 65 kDa, 72 kDa and 99 kDa) of venom could recognize N. naja venom by Western blotting and ELISA, and N. naja venom presented antibody titer when assayed by ELISA. The neutralization tests showed that the polyvalent antiserum neutralized lethal activities by both in vivo and in vitro studies using mice and Vero cells. The antiserum could neutralize the lethal activities in in-vivo and antivenom administered after injection of cobra venom through intraperitoneal route in mice. The cocktail antiserum also could neutralize the cytotoxic activities in Vero cell line by MTT and Neutral red assays. The results of the present study suggest that cocktail antiserum neutralizes the lethal activities in both in vitro and in vivo models using the antiserum against cobra venom and its individual venom proteins serum produced in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Venkatesan
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Sarathi
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - G Balasubramanaiyan
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Zoology, Arignar Anna Govt Arts College, Cheiyar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Vimal
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Madan
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Sundar Raj
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - A Nazeer Basha
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M A Farook
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore Dist., Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - G Sridevi
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Das P, Pramanick K, Maity A, Maiti B. The role of some extra-gonadal hormones on the circannual ovarian cycle of the flat head grey mullet,Mugil cephalusL. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2013.770291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abdul Majeed S, Nambi KSN, Taju G, Sahul Hameed AS. Development, characterization and application of a new fibroblastic-like cell line from kidney of a freshwater air breathing fish Channa striatus (Bloch, 1793). Acta Trop 2013; 127:25-32. [PMID: 23558109 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new cell line, Channa striatus kidney (CSK), derived from the kidney tissue of murrel, was established and characterized. The CSK cell line was maintained in Leibovitz's L-15 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and has been subcultured more than 140 times. This cell line was able to grow in a range of temperatures from 22 to 32°C with optimal growth at 28°C. The plating efficiency was very high (67.54%) and doubling time was approximately 29h. The kidney cell line was cryopreserved at different passage levels and revived successfully with 90-92% survival. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of mitochondrial 16S rRNA using primer specific to C. striatus confirmed the origin of this cell line from murrel. The cell line was further characterized by chromosome number, transfection and mycoplasma detection. A marine fish nodavirus was tested to determine the susceptibility of this new cell line. The CSK cell line was found to be susceptible to nodavirus and the infection was confirmed by cytopathic effect (CPE), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunodot blot, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), virus replication efficiency and real time RT-PCR. The present study highlights the development and characterization of a new kidney cell line from an air breathing fish that could be used as an in vitro tools for propagation of fish viruses and gene expression studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdul Majeed
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
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Sarath Babu V, Abdul Majeed S, Nambi KSN, Taju G, Madan N, Sundar Raj N, Sahul Hameed AS. Comparison of betanodavirus replication efficiency in ten Indian fish cell lines. Arch Virol 2013; 158:1367-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1617-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Das P, Pradhan D, Maiti B. Circadian rhythms of gonadal and extra-gonadal hormonal and glycemic profiles during the breeding phase of the ovarian cycle of Indian estuarine grey mullets,Mugil cephalusL. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2011.632609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Madan N, Nambi KSN, Abdul Majeed S, Taju G, Sundar Raj N, Farook MA, Vimal S, Sahul Hameed AS. In vitro propagation of hepatopancreatic parvo-like virus (HPV) of shrimp in C6/36 (Aedes albopictus) cell line. J Invertebr Pathol 2012; 112:229-35. [PMID: 23262397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) which causes infection in many species of penaeid shrimp is a serious viral pathogen in the young life stages of shrimp. An attempt was made to develop an in vitro system using C6/36 subclone of Aedes albopictus cell line for propagation of HPV. The results revealed that C6/36 cells were susceptible to this virus and the infected cells showed CPE in the form of vacuole formation. The results of PCR, immunocytochemistry and Western blot revealed the HPV-infection in C6/36 cell line. The RT-PCR analysis confirmed the replication of HPV in C6/36 cell line. The HPV load was quantified at different time intervals by ELISA and real time PCR, and the results showed the increase of viral load in C6/36 cell line in time course of infection. HPV propagated in C6/36 cell line was used to infect post-larvae of shrimp and the results showed that the twentieth passage of HPV propagated in C6/36 cell line caused 100% mortality in post-larvae after 6 weeks post infection (d.p.i.). The infected post-larvae showed clinical signs of reduced growth, reduced preening, muscle opacity and atrophy of hepatopancreas. The HPV-infection was confirmed by PCR. The results of the present study showed that C6/36 cell line can be used as an in vitro model for HPV replication instead of whole animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Madan
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, Aquaculture Biotechnology Laboratory, PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu 632 509, India
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Sundar Raj N, Nathiga Nambi KS, Abdul Majeed S, Taju G, Vimal S, Farook MA, Sahul Hameed AS. High efficacy of white spot syndrome virus replication in tissues of freshwater rice-field crab, Paratelphusa hydrodomous (Herbst). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2012; 35:917-925. [PMID: 22943699 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An attempt was made to determine the replication efficiency of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) of shrimp in different organs of freshwater rice-field crab, Paratelphusa hydrodomous (Herbst), using bioassay, PCR, RT-PCR, ELISA, Western blot and real-time PCR analyses, and also to use this crab instead of penaeid shrimp for the large-scale production of WSSV. This crab was found to be highly susceptible to WSSV by intramuscular injection. PCR and Western blot analyses confirmed the systemic WSSV infection in freshwater crab. The RT-PCR analysis revealed the expression of VP28 gene in different organs of infected crab. The indirect ELISA was used to quantify the VP28 protein in different organs of crab. It was found that there was a high concentration of VP28 protein in gill tissue, muscle, haemolymph and heart tissue. The copy number of WSSV in different organs of infected crab was quantified by real-time PCR, and the results revealed a steady increase in copy number in different organs of infected crab during the course of infection. The viral inoculum prepared from different organs of infected crab caused significant mortality in tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius). The results revealed that this crab can be used as an alternate host for WSSV replication and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sundar Raj
- OIE Reference Laboratory for WTD, Aquaculture Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology, C Abdul Hakeem College, Vellore Dt, Tamil Nadu, India
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In vitro white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) replication in explants of the heart of freshwater crab, Paratelphusa hydrodomous. J Virol Methods 2012; 183:186-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Pradhan D, Saha I, Chatterjee A, Mondal A, Sarkar S, Maiti B. Alterations of circadian rhythms of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid, adrenal and insulin hormones, and blood glucose profiles following lithium treatment in alternate Light–Dark, constant Light and constant Dark regimens in rats. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2011.579758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mello C, Marangoni A, Poppi R, Noda I. Fast determination of thyroid stimulating hormone in human blood serum without chemical preprocessing by using infrared spectroscopy and least squares support vector machines. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 696:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Novel Epstein-Barr virus immunoglobulin G-based approach for the specific detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2010; 31:410-7. [PMID: 20015794 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to find a reliable Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immunoglobulin (Ig) G-based diagnostic/screening test for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) able to demarcate between the NPC-related seropositivity of EBV IgG antibodies and that of other head and neck cancer (HNCA) and control groups. The NPC-associated immunosuppression affects EBV IgA much more than IgG, leading to inconsistent detection of NPC using EBV IgA antibodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty-two HNCA patients, 42 NPC, 66 laryngeal carcinoma, and 14 hypopharyngeal carcinoma and 3 groups of 100 control subjects were enrolled in this study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to find a specific cutoff value for the NPC-related seropositivity of EBV IgG antibodies. RESULTS NPC group showed higher serum level of EBV IgG antibodies than control and other HNCA groups (P < .05). However, the traditional cutoff value, mean + 2 SDs of control subjects, failed to demarcate the seropositives of NPC patients from those of healthy population (P > .05). The new cutoff value, mean + 2 SDs of the seropositives group of control subjects who had already been grouped by the traditional cutoff value, proved successful. It succeeded to demarcate between the NPC-related EBV IgG seropositivity and that issued from the persistent, latent, or reactivated EBV infection in the population (P < .05). The sensitivity/specificity of NPC detection by the new cutoff-based ELISA kit, 76.19% and 86%, was close or higher than that of EBV IgA antibodies. CONCLUSION EBV IgG-based ELISA could be used for the diagnosis of NPC using a new cutoff threshold that excludes the population baseline of EBV IgG seropositivity.
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Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Mahdi LK, Al-jeboori T, Abubaker F. Investigation into the controversial association of Streptococcus gallolyticus with colorectal cancer and adenoma. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:403. [PMID: 19925668 PMCID: PMC2785837 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies of Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus, CIP 105428, was evaluated to investigate the controversial association of S. gallolyticus with colorectal carcinoma and adenoma in attempt to investigate the nature of such association if any, by exploring the mRNA expression of NF-κB and IL-8. Moreover, the serological behavior of S. gallolyticus IgG antibodies was compared to that of an indicator bacterium of bowel, Bacteroides fragilis. Methods ELISA was used to measure IgG antibodies of S. gallolyticus and B. fragilis in sera of 50 colorectal cancer, 14 colorectal adenoma patients, 30 age- and sex- matched apparently healthy volunteers (HV) and 30 age- and sex- matched colonoscopically-proven tumor-free control subjects. NF-κB and IL-8 mRNA expression was evaluated in tumorous and non-tumorous tissue sections of carcinoma and adenoma patients in comparison with that of control subjects by using in situ hybridization assay. Results Colorectal cancer and adenoma patients were associated with higher levels of serum S. gallolyticus IgG antibodies in comparison with HV and control subjects (P < 0.05) while no similar association was found with serum IgG antibodies of B. fragilis (P > 0.05). ELISA cutoff value for the seropositivity of S. gallolyticus IgG was calculated from tumor-free control group. The expression of NF-κB mRNA was higher in tumorous than non-tumorous tissue sections of adenoma and carcinoma, higher in carcinoma/adenoma sections than in control subjects, higher in tumorous sections of carcinoma than in adenoma patients, and higher in S. gallolyticus IgG seropositive than in seronegative groups in both tumorous and non-tumorous sections (P < 0.05). IL-8 mRNA expression in tumorous sections of adenoma and carcinoma was higher than in non-tumorous sections, higher in carcinoma/adenoma than in control subjects, and higher in S. gallolyticus IgG seropositive than in seronegative groups in tumorous rather than non-tumorous sections (P < 0.05). Conclusion S. gallolyticus most likely plays an essential role in the oncogenic progression of normal colorectal mucosa to adenoma and to CRC. This promoting/propagating role of S. gallolyticus might take place by utilizing certain inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and angiogenic factors of transformation including NF-κB and IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abdulamir
- Microbiology Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Abubakar F. Different inflammatory mechanisms in lungs of severe and mild asthma: crosstalk of NF-kappa-B, TGFbeta1, Bax, Bcl-2, IL-4 and IgE. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009; 69:487-95. [PMID: 19347746 DOI: 10.1080/00365510902749131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine differences in the apoptotic, inflammatory, allergic and immunological features in the lungs of adults with asthma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six patients with mild asthma (MA), 16 with severe asthma (SA) and 20 healthy volunteers (HVs) were enrolled. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was processed into cell-free fluid for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detecting soluble TGFbeta1, IL-4 and IgE and BALF lymphocytes for immunocytochemical staining of cellular Bax, Bcl-2 and nuclear factor-Kappa-B (NFkappaB). RESULTS Cellular NFkappaB expression was higher in SA than in MA and HVs, while extracellular TGFbeta1 was high in both the SA and MA groups but low in the HVs. Bcl-2/Bax ratio was higher in SA than in MA and in MA than in HV groups and correlated significantly with NFkappaB level. Interestingly, the levels of IgE and, to a lesser extent, IL-4 were higher in MA than in SA and both were much higher than in HVs, and were inversely correlated with NFkappaB level in the SA group and with TGFbeta1 level in the MA group. CONCLUSIONS NFkappaB has a central role in the perpetuation of persistent inflammation in SA and might induce apoptosis via Bcl-2. The SA group appears not associated much with allergen-based IgE and IL-4 reactions as efficiently as in MA. This was supported by the lower levels of IgE and IL-4 in SA compared to MA. TGFbeta1 appears to be associated with asthma pathogenesis, especially allergen-based MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Abdulamir
- Microbiology Research Department, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
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Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Abdulmuhaimen N, Abubakar F, Abbas KA. The distinctive profile of risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in comparison with other head and neck cancer types. BMC Public Health 2008; 8:400. [PMID: 19055849 PMCID: PMC2614987 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and other head and neck cancer (HNCA) types show a great epidemiological variation in different regions of the world. NPC has multifactorial etiology and many interacting risk factors are involved in NPC development mainly Epstein Barr virus (EBV). There is a need to scrutinize the complicated network of risk factors affecting NPC and how far they are different from that of other HNCA types. METHODS 122 HNCA patients and 100 control subjects were studied in the region of the Middle East. Three types of HNCA were involved in our study, NPC, carcinoma of larynx (CL), and hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC). The risk factors studied were the level of EBV serum IgG and IgA antibodies measured by ELISA, age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake, histology, and family history of the disease. RESULTS EBV serum level of IgG and IgA antibodies was higher in NPC than CL, HPC, and control groups (p < 0.01). NPC was associated with lymphoepithelioma (LE) tumors, males, regular alcohol intake, and regular smoking while CL and HPC were not (p < 0.05). CL and HPC were associated with SCC tumors (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NPC, unlike CL and HPC groups, was not affected by the positive family history of HNCA (p > 0.05). The serum levels of EBV IgG and IgA antibodies were higher in LE tumors, regular smokers, younger patients, and negative family history groups of NPC patients than SCC tumors, non-regular smokers, older patients and positive family history groups respectively (p < 0.05) while this was not found in the regular alcoholics (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that risk factors of NPC deviate much from that of other HNCA. EBV, smoking, alcohol intake, LE tumors, male patient, and age > 54 years were hot risk factors of NPC while SCC and positive family history of the disease were not. Earlier incidence, smoking, LE tumors, and negative family history of the disease in NPC patients were associated much clearly with EBV. It is proposed that determining the correct risk factors of NPC is vital in assigning the correct risk groups of NPC which helps the early detection and screening of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Abdulamir
- Microbiology Research Department, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia.
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Gebauer CR, Rechnitz GA. Immunoassay Studies Using Adenosine Deaminase Enzyme with Potentiometric Rate Measurement. ANAL LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718108081385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mascini M, Zolesi F, Palleschi G. pH Electrode -Based Enzyme Immunoassay for the Determination of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718208064368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kato N, Ishii S, Naruse H, Irie M, Arakawa H, Tsuji A. Enzyme Immunoassay of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Using Dried Blood Samples a Simple Technique of Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718008055735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Levy HR. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 48:97-192. [PMID: 367106 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122938.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lange D, Aleksic S, Kassubek J, Vrvic MM, Kist M, Steinbrückner B, Mitova M. Detection of antibodies against Campylobacter jejuni serogroup PEN O:19 purified flagellar protein in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome. ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1999; 289:429-44. [PMID: 10603661 DOI: 10.1016/s0934-8840(99)80083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
C. jejuni serogroup PEN O:19 was isolated from a stool specimen from a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Flagellar protein was isolated and purified from reference strain C. jejuni PEN O:19, ATCC 43,446, as well as from a homologous patient strain. Antibodies against flagellar protein were detected by means of immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and tube agglutination test. The antibody titres were found to be directly correlated at the beginning and in the recovery phase of GBS. Antibodies of IgG and IgA classes were present from the very onset of the disease as well as 5 months later, but with a lower titre population. However, antibodies of the IgM class were persistent only at the onset of the infection and disappeared during the following 5 months. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that in GBS patients, antiflagellar antibodies are induced during C. jejuni infection and can be used in the diagnosis of C. jejuni-associated GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lange
- Johnson & Johnson Medical, Norderstedt, Germany.
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40
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Khatkhatay MI, Desai M. A comparison of performances of four enzymes used in ELISA with special reference to beta-lactamase. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOASSAY 1999; 20:151-83. [PMID: 10458640 DOI: 10.1080/01971529909349349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Horse radish peroxidase, alkaline phaosphatase and beta-D-galactosidase are widely used as labels in the development of enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). Enzyme beta-lactamase, though introduced as a label in late seventies has not yet become very popular inspite of having the necessary features of an enzyme to be used in EIAs. The present article reviews assays developed with this enzyme, highlights its salient features and brings out an argument in favour of its wide spread use in EIAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Khatkhatay
- Institute for Research in Reproduction (ICMR), Mumbai, India
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Matsumoto A, Matsumoto R, Fujiwara Y. Molecular cloning of human cDNA with a sequence highly similar to that of the dihydrofolate reductase gene in brain libraries derived from Alzheimer's disease patients. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1995; 230:337-43. [PMID: 7601120 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.0337i.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A polyclonal antibody was raised against a serine protease purified from the extracellular fluid of familial Alzheimer's disease lymphoblastoid cells. Using this antibody, a cDNA library from familial Alzheimer's disease cells and two cDNA libraries from the brains of two Alzheimer's disease patients were screened independently. The familial Alzheimer's disease protein 1 (FADP1) cDNA clones isolated from these three libraries were subjected to DNA sequence analysis. The nucleotide sequence of FADP1 cDNA is highly similar to the 5' portion of the human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene, however, the sequence corresponding to exon 1 of the DHFR gene is completely disrupted and contains a 247-bp DNA insert with a sequence unique to FADP1. Moreover, FADP1 cDNA harbours a large open reading frame, including the unique insert, which has the potential to code an approximately 50-kDa protein. The deduced amino acid sequence of this protein contains 12 cysteine residues potentially involved in six disulfide bonds, a proline-rich segment and a hydrophobic segment. Northern-blot analysis with the unique insert DNA probe verified that FADP1 protein is expressed in both lymphoblastoid and brain cells derived from Alzheimer's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Matsumoto
- Department of Radiation Biophysics and Genetics, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan
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López JM, Redondo M, Téllez T, Morell M. A sensitive enzyme immunoassay for angiotensin II in serum. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1994; 12:1411-6. [PMID: 7849136 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(94)00082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for measuring angiotensin II (AII) has been developed as a convenient alternative to a radioimmunoassay. An antiserum to AII was prepared using AII conjugated by carbodi-imide to rabbit serum albumin, and coated on to microwell plates. The labelled antigen was prepared from AII and horseradish peroxidase using the periodate method. This enzyme immunoassay was a simple two-step procedure: 0.1 ml of AII-extracted plasma was incubated for 1 h at 37 degrees C; and 1 ml of labeled AII was incubated for 1 h at 37 degrees C. Bound horseradish peroxidase activity was then determined using o-phenylenediamine as chromogen by measuring the absorbance at 492 nm. The lower detection limit of the assay was 3.5 pmol l-1. Between- and within-assay RSD values were 8.8-18.3% and 6.9-17%, respectively, for concentrations of 10-40 pmol l-1. The accuracy of the assay, determined by recovery and linearity experiments, was 89-106% for recovery and 91-126% for parallelism. The results obtained by the present ELISA method were well correlated with those obtained by an established radioimmunoassay (n = 10, r = 0.96, intercept = 0.9 and slope = 1.02). This assay is easy to perform, rapid and does not require radioisotopes; thus it could be widely applied in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M López
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Spain
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Chen FT, Pentoney SL. Characterization of digoxigenin-labeled B-phycoerythrin by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence. Application to homogeneous digoxin immunoassay. J Chromatogr A 1994; 680:425-30. [PMID: 7981824 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)85139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) immunoassay technique based on capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation is demonstrated. The analysis of digoxin in serum at clinically useful concentration levels of 10(-9) to 10(-10) M is achieved using this technique. The chemistry presented here using digoxigenin-labeled B-phycoerythrin was selected as a convenient model for the exploration of CE-LIF-based immunoassays. The LIF system described here exhibits detection limits in the low 10(-11) M range for several common fluorophores. The data presented in this report are one of the first examples of nanomolar quantitative analysis in a human serum matrix by CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T Chen
- Beckman Instruments Inc., Fullerton, CA 92634
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45
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Chen FTA. Characterization of charge-modified and fluorescein-labeled antibody by capillary electrophoresis using laser-induced fluorescence Application to immunoassay of low level immunoglobulin A. J Chromatogr A 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)85138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wittig W, Prager R, Stamm M, Streckel W, Tschäpe H. Expression and plasmid transfer of genes coding for the fimbrial antigen F107 in porcine Escherichia coli strains. ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1994; 281:130-9. [PMID: 7858341 DOI: 10.1016/s0934-8840(11)80563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the fimbrial antigen F107 of porcine E. coli strains on agar plates was achieved by microaerobic cultivation. For part of the strains of some types, addition of alizarin yellow and eosin to the agar medium proved to be necessary. Some of these strains reacted distinctly positive only when the small colonies growing between the larger ones on alizarin-yellow agar were tested. The fimbrial antigen of the Swiss strain 107/86 was provisionally designated the F107ab variant and that of the Hungarian strain 2134P and the Czech strain 8813, the F107ac variant. The F107 genetic determinants were found to be often linked with those encoding haemolysin production and are frequently carried by plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wittig
- Landesuntersuchungsanstalt für das Gesundheits- und Veterinärwesen Sachsen, Institut Dresden, Germany
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47
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Chen FT, Sternberg JC. Characterization of proteins by capillary electrophoresis in fused-silica columns: review on serum protein analysis and application to immunoassays. Electrophoresis 1994; 15:13-21. [PMID: 8143676 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150150104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein mixtures can be characterized in terms of their separations by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The separation of proteins by CE is performed in untreated fused-silica columns. Model proteins and complex protein mixtures with pI values ranging from 4.0 to 11.0 are separated in such columns in less than 10 min in the presence of phosphate buffer with a pH between 4.0 and 9.0. The application of CE separation procedures for routine analysis of protein in serum, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid in borate-based buffer is also demonstrated. The detection of protein in CE is usually based on the intrinsic ultraviolet (UV) absorbance of the peptide bond at or near 200 nm, which provides a detection limit of about 10(-5) M. The same protein separation procedures can also be applied to immunochemical reaction systems in which one component is labeled. Thus, an antigen analyte, or the antibody to the analyte, may be labeled with a fluor and detected by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). With a fluorescent-labeled reactant, the use of LIF detection further extends the detection limit to 10(-11) M. The CE separation technique for proteins provides a means to separate the bound and free species of the labeled antigen or antibody without the use of a solid support. The application of these separation techniques in conjunction with laser-induced fluorescence detection to make possible the homogeneous immunochemical measurement of species at concentrations in the range of 10(-9) to 10(-10) M is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T Chen
- Beckman Instruments, Inc., Fullerton, CA 92634
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Matsumoto A, Fujiwara Y. Aberrant proteolysis of the beta-amyloid precursor protein in familial Alzheimer's disease lymphoblastoid cells. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1993; 217:21-7. [PMID: 8223557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoblastoid cells from patients with early-onset and late-onset familial Alzheimer's disease showed increased expressions of beta-amyloid precursor mRNA and protein as well as interleukin-1 and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin protein. Early-onset and late-onset familial Alzheimer's disease cells had greater production of 16-kDa beta-amyloid C-terminal preamyloid peptides than did normal cells. A pulse-chase experiment indicated that aberrant processing of this peptide resulted in its abnormal accumulation. Furthermore, the peptide prepared from early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease cells using formic acid could be separated into four discrete fragments. The N-terminal amino acid sequencing of each fragment indicated that the 16-kDa peptide was generated by cleavage, principally at the 30 amino acids N-terminal to beta-amyloid. Both the enhanced synthesis and aberrant processing of the beta-amyloid precursor protein, therefore, are basic processes associated with familial Alzheimer's disease lymphoblastoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Matsumoto
- Department of Radiation Biophysics and Genetics, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan
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Nishimura C, Furue M, Ito T, Omori Y, Tanimoto T. Quantitative determination of human aldose reductase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunoassay of human aldose reductase. Biochem Pharmacol 1993; 46:21-8. [PMID: 8347133 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(93)90343-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
An antibody-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for evaluating tissue levels of aldose reductase was developed using a polyclonal antibody prepared against the recombinant enzyme expressed in a baculovirus system. The specificity of this antibody to aldose reductase was verified by immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting and ELISA. The polyclonal antibody did not crossreact with human aldehyde reductase, an enzyme in the same aldo-keto reductase family structurally and functionally related to aldose reductase. The sensitivity and specificity of this assay method enabled direct determination of aldose reductase level in various human tissues including the erythrocyte. The highest level of aldose reductase was detected in the kidney medulla among tissues investigated. More than a 2-fold variability in the erythrocyte aldose reductase was demonstrated among healthy individuals, indicating the heterogeneity of this enzyme expression in a human population. This assay system may be useful for direct measurement of the level of tissue aldose reductase in conjunction with the evaluation of the efficacy of aldose reductase inhibitors prescribed for the treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nishimura
- Department of Pediatric Pharmacology, National Children's Medical Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Jansen EH, van Ginkel LA, van den Berg RH, Stephany RW. High-performance liquid chromatographic separation and detection methods for anabolic compounds. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1992; 580:111-24. [PMID: 1400818 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(92)80531-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The role of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in methods of analysis for anabolic compounds in biological samples is reviewed. Special attention is given to both the separation and detection of anabolic compounds. A distinction is made between on-line detection systems, such as ultraviolet detection and diode-array detection, and off-line detection methods with special emphasis on immunochemical detection methods using non-isotopic labels. A number of applications are given to elucidate the possibilities of HPLC in the analysis of anabolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Jansen
- National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, Netherlands
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