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Lashkin VM, Cheremnykh OK. Modulational instability and collapse of internal gravity waves in the atmosphere. Phys Rev E 2024; 110:024216. [PMID: 39294933 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.024216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Nonlinear two-dimensional (IGWs) in the atmospheres of the Earth and the Sun are studied. The resulting two-dimensional nonlinear equation has the form of a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonlocal nonlinearity, that is, when the nonlinear response depends on the wave intensity at some spatial domain. The modulation instability of IGWs is predicted, and specific cases for the Earth's atmosphere are considered. In a number of particular cases, the instability thresholds and instability growth rates are analytically found. Despite the nonlocal nonlinearity, we demonstrate the possibility of critical collapse of IGWs due to the scale homogeneity of the nonlinear term in spatial variables.
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Ohya H, Tsuchiya F, Takamura T, Shinagawa H, Takahashi Y, Chen AB. Lower ionospheric resonance caused by Pekeris wave induced by 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15659. [PMID: 39013978 PMCID: PMC11252360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The submarine volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai erupted explosively on January 15, 2022, offering a unique opportunity to investigate interactions between the atmosphere and ionosphere caused by Lamb and Pekeris waves. However, the resonance of Pekeris waves has not been previously detected. In this study, we applied a multi-point monitoring approach focusing on the lower ionosphere and atmospheric electric field. Here we show observed oscillations of 100-200 s in manmade transmitter signals and the magnetic and atmospheric electric fields, which were caused by Pekeris waves. However, no corresponding changes with the period of 100-200 s in atmospheric pressure due to Pekeris waves were observed on the ground. A simulation of neutral wind revealed Pekeris waves oscillating near the mesopause, suggesting resonance. Therefore, the oscillation in atmospheric electric field is interpreted that the resonance in the lower ionosphere was projected onto the Earth's surface via a global electric circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyo Ohya
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Fuminori Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Science, Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tamio Takamura
- Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shinagawa
- International Research Center for Space and Planetary Environmental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0808, Japan
| | - Alfred B Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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Sharif RNK, Herring RA. Measuring Power of Earth Disturbances Using Radio Wave Phase Imager. J Imaging 2023; 9:228. [PMID: 37888335 PMCID: PMC10607869 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated ionospheric waves, also known as ionospheric disturbances. These disturbances exhibit complex wave patterns similar to those produced by solar, geomagnetic, and meteorological disturbances and human activities within the Earth's atmosphere. The radio wave phase imager described herein measures the power of the ionospheric waves using their phase shift seen in phase images produced by the Long Wavelength Array (LWA) at the New Mexico Observatory, a high-resolution radio camera. Software-defined radio (SDR) was used for processing the data to produce an amplitude image and phase image. The phase image revealed the ionospheric waves, whereas the amplitude image could not see them. From the phase image produced from the carrier wave received at the LWA, the properties of the ionospheric waves have been previously characterized in terms of their energy and wave vector. In this study, their power was measured directly from the phase shift of the strongest set of ionospheric waves. The power of these waves, which originated at Albuquerque, the local major power consumer, was 15.3 W, producing a power density of 0.018 W/m2. The calculated power density that should be generated from the local power generating stations around Albuquerque was also 0.018 W/m2, in agreement with the experimentally measured value. This correspondence shows that the power generated by power stations and being consumed is not lost but captured by the ionosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwan N. K. Sharif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MENG, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Rodney A. Herring
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, MENG, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada;
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Zhang S, Nishimura Y, Erickson PJ, Aa E, Kil H, Deng Y, Thomas EG, Rideout W, Coster AJ, Kerr R, Vierinen J. Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances in the Vicinity of Storm-Enhanced Density at Midlatitudes. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2022; 127:e2022JA030429. [PMID: 36247325 PMCID: PMC9539488 DOI: 10.1029/2022ja030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study provides first storm time observations of the westward-propagating medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs), particularly, associated with characteristic subauroral storm time features, storm-enhanced density (SED), subauroral polarization stream (SAPS), and enhanced thermospheric westward winds over the continental US. In the four recent (2017-2019) geomagnetic storm cases examined in this study (i.e., 2018-08-25/26, 2017-09-07/08, 2017-05-27/28, and 2016-02-02/03 with minimum SYM-H index -206, -146, -142, and -58 nT, respectively), MSTIDs were observed from dusk-to-midnight local times predominately during the intervals of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz stably southward. Multiple wavefronts of the TIDs were elongated NW-SE, 2°-3° longitude apart, and southwestward propagated at a range of zonal phase speeds between 100 and 300 m/s. These TIDs initiated in the northeastern US and intensified or developed in the central US with either the coincident SED structure (especially the SED basis region) or concurrent small electron density patches adjacent to the SED. Observations also indicate coincident intense storm time electric fields associated with the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling electrodynamics at subauroral latitudes (such as SAPS) as well as enhanced thermospheric westward winds. We speculate that these electric fields trigger plasma instability (with large growth rates) and MSTIDs. These electrified MSTIDs propagated westward along with the background westward ion flow which resulted from the disturbance westward wind dynamo and/or SAPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun‐Rong Zhang
- Haystack ObservatoryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyWestfordMAUSA
| | | | | | - Ercha Aa
- Haystack ObservatoryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyWestfordMAUSA
| | - Hyosub Kil
- Applied Physics LaboratoryJohns Hopkins UniversityLaurelMDUSA
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTXUSA
| | - Evan G. Thomas
- Thayer School of EngineeringDartmouth CollegeHanoverNHUSA
| | - William Rideout
- Haystack ObservatoryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyWestfordMAUSA
| | - Anthea J. Coster
- Haystack ObservatoryMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyWestfordMAUSA
| | - Robert Kerr
- Computational Physics, IncNorth ChelmsfordMAUSA
| | - Juha Vierinen
- Department of Physics and TechnologyThe Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
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Comparative Study of Predominantly Daytime and Nighttime Lightning Occurrences and Their Impact on Ionospheric Disturbances. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14133209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Space weather events adversely impact the operations of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Understanding space weather mechanisms, interactions in the atmosphere, and the extent of their impact are useful in developing prediction and mitigation models. In this study, the hourly lightning occurrence and its impact on ionospheric disturbances, quantified using the Rate of Total electron content Index (ROTI), were assessed. The linear correlation between diurnal lightning activity and ROTI in the coastal region of southern China where lightning predominates in the daytime was initially negative contrary to a positive correlation in southern Africa where lighting predominates in the evening. After appreciating and applying the physical processes of gravity waves, electromagnetic waves and the Trimpi effect arising from lightning activity, and the time delay impact they have on the ionosphere, the negative correlation was overturned to a positive one using cross-correlation. GNSS has demonstrated its capability of revealing the impact lightning has on the ionosphere at various times of the day.
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Gibbons J, Collins K, Kazdan D, Frissell N. Grape Version 1: First prototype of the low-cost personal space weather station receiver. HARDWAREX 2022; 11:e00289. [PMID: 35509925 PMCID: PMC9058853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2022.e00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crowd sourced data collection among the international community of amateur radio operators and shortwave listeners has great potential for addressing problems of under-sampling in the geospace system. Quantitative Doppler measurements of high frequency (HF) time standard stations, used in bottom side ionospheric sensing, have been accomplished using existing radio hardware belonging to volunteers in distributed campaigns. However, typical shortwave receivers cannot be put to ordinary use while these measurements are being taken, do not have standardized signal chains, and are generally too expensive to be purchased for the sole purpose of taking Doppler measurements. Here, we provide documentation for a low-cost intermediate frequency receiver, the Grape Version 1, which is designed specifically for measurements of North American time standard stations. Grape receivers can be easily constructed and deployed by amateur scientists in order to gain a deeper understanding of variations in radio propagation in their local environment. When compared over long periods and across distributed networks of stations, the resulting data yield insights on greater spatial and time scales. At the time of writing, several of these receivers have been deployed across the United States and are actively collecting data. These receivers form the first iteration of the Low-Cost Personal Space Weather Station network.
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Atmospheric Layers in Response to the Propagation of Gravity Waves under Nonisothermal, Wind-shear, and Dissipative Conditions. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse4010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Potter WE, Kayser DC, Mauersberger K. Direct measurements of neutral wave characteristics in the thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/ja081i028p05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Taylor MJ, Ryan EH, Tuan TF, Edwards R. Evidence of preferential directions for gravity wave propagation due to wind filtering in the middle atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/92ja02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Prölss GW, Brace LH, Mayr HG, Carignan GR, Killeen TL, Klobuchar JA. Ionospheric storm effects at subauroral latitudes: A case study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/90ja02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Reddy CA, Nishida A. Magnetospheric substorms and nighttime height changes of the F2 region at middle and low latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/91ja01512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Godin OA. Acoustic-gravity waves in atmospheric and oceanic waveguides. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 132:657-669. [PMID: 22894188 DOI: 10.1121/1.4731213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A theory of guided propagation of sound in layered, moving fluids is extended to include acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) in waveguides with piecewise continuous parameters. The orthogonality of AGW normal modes is established in moving and motionless media. A perturbation theory is developed to quantify the relative significance of the gravity and fluid compressibility as well as sensitivity of the normal modes to variations in sound speed, flow velocity, and density profiles and in boundary conditions. Phase and group speeds of the normal modes are found to have certain universal properties which are valid for waveguides with arbitrary stratification. The Lamb wave is shown to be the only AGW normal mode that can propagate without dispersion in a layered medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A Godin
- CIRES, University of Colorado, and Physical Sciences Division, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, DSRC, Mail Code R/PSD99, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305-3328, USA.
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Smith SM, Mendillo M, Baumgardner J, Clark RR. Mesospheric gravity wave imaging at a subauroral site: First results from Millstone Hill. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999ja000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Meléndez-Alvira DJ, Burnside RG, Walker JCG. Modeling the Arecibo nighttimeF2layer: 2. Ionospheric gradients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1029/94ja01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Yinn-Nien H, Kang C. Ionospheric disturbances around East Asian region during the 20 October 1989 magnetic storm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(93)90094-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Delclos C, Blanc E, Broche P, Glangeaud F, Lacoume JL. Processing and interpretation of microbarograph signals generated by the explosion of Mount St. Helens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1029/jd095id05p05485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Abstract
High-power electromagnetic waves beamed into the ionosphere from ground-based transmitters illuminate the night sky with enhanced airglow. The recent development of a new intensified, charge coupled-device imager made it possible to record optical emissions during ionospheric heating. Clouds of enhanced airglow are associated with large-scale plasma density cavities that are generated by the heater beam. Trapping and focusing of electromagnetic waves in these cavities produces accelerated electrons that collisionally excite oxygen atoms, which emit light at visible wavelengths. Convection of plasma across magnetic field lines is the primary source for horizontal motion of the cavities and the airglow enhancements. During ionospheric heating experiments, quasi-cyclic formation, convection, dissipation and reappearance of the cavites comprise a major source of long-term variability in plasma densities during ionospheric heating experiments.
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19
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Mayr HG, Harris I, Kasprzak WT, Dube M, Varosi F. Gravity waves in the upper atmosphere of Venus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1029/ja093ia10p11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Waldock J, Jones T. Source regions of medium scale travelling ionospheric disturbances observed at mid-latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(87)90044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Mayr HG, Harris I, Varosi F, Herrero FA. Global excitation of wave phenomena in a dissipative multiconstituent medium: 3. Response characteristics for different sources in the Earth's thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1029/ja092ia07p07657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Hedin AE, Mayr HG. Characteristics of wavelike fluctuations in Dynamics Explorer neutral composition data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1029/ja092ia10p11159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Waldock J, Jones T. HF Doppler observations of medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances at mid-latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(86)90099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Bowman G, Dunne G. Grossly-distorted isoionic contours associated with spread-F occurrence at mid-latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(84)90109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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The effects of neutral winds on the propagation of medium-scale atmospheric gravity waves at mid-latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(84)90149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Bowman G. Some effects of geomagnetic activity and ionospheric height rises on mid-latitude spread-F occurrence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(84)90044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Mayr HG, Harris I, Varosi F, Herrero FA. Global excitation of wave phenomena in a dissipative multiconstituent medium: 2. Impulsive perturbations in the Earth's thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1029/ja089ia12p10961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Mayr HG, Harris I, Varosi F, Herrero FA. Global excitation of wave phenomena in a dissipative multiconstituent medium: 1. Transfer function of the Earth's thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1029/ja089ia12p10929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Evans J, Wand R. Traveling ionospheric disturbances detected by UHF angle-of-arrival measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9169(83)80047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Larsen MF, Mikkelsen IS. The dynamic response of the high-latitude thermosphere and geostrophic adjustment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1029/ja088ia04p03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Kelley MC, Larsen MF, LaHoz C, McClure JP. Gravity wave initiation of equatorial spread F: A case study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1029/ja086ia11p09087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sobral JHA, Abdu MA, Batista IS, Zamlutti CJ. Wave disturbances in the low latitude ionosphere and equatorial ionospheric plasma depletions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1029/ja086ia03p01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances and thermospheric winds in the F-region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(80)90053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Hernandez G, Roble RG. Thermospheric dynamics investigations with very high resolution spectrometers. APPLIED OPTICS 1979; 18:3376-3385. [PMID: 20216615 DOI: 10.1364/ao.18.003376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Since 1972 high resolution Fabry-Perot spectrometers have been used at Fritz Peak Observatory (39.9 degrees N, 105.5 degrees W), Colorado to measure the nighttime variation of thermospheric temperatures and winds from the line profiles and Doppler shifts of the OI 15,867 K (630.0-nm) line emission in the nightglow. With the aid of these measurements we have defined the nighttime variation of winds and temperatures at F-layer heights for the various seasons of the year during geomagnetic quiet periods. During geomagnetic storm periods deviation in the nighttime variation of the winds and temperatures from those determined during geomagnetic quiet conditions have been shown to occur. In addition, measurements made during geomagnetic disturbed conditions have shown the existence of large-scale thermospheric waves generated at high latitudes by impulsive auroral heating events that are observed to propagate equatorward. The nighttime winds and temperatures measured from Fritz Peak Observatory have been used in various heoretical models of global thermospheric dynamics to infer the global circulation patterns, temperature structure, and thermospheric response to geomagnetic activity. By requiring agreement between the calculated and measured winds and temperatures over Fritz Peak Observatory, the over-all magnitude of the thermospheric high latitude heat source due to auroral processes has been inferred for both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed conditions. This energy source has been shown to be related to dissipation of the ring current energy in the high latitude ionosphere. The results of various geophysical studies using Fritz Peak Observatory data and theoretical model calculation are summarized.
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37
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Booker HG. The role of acoustic gravity waves in the generation of spread-F and ionospheric scintillation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(79)90074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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38
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A theoretical model for equatorial ionospheric spread-F echoes in the HF and VHF bands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(78)90032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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39
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Bowman G. A relationship between polar magnetic substorms, ionospheric height rises and the occurrence of spread-F. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(78)90129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Richmond AD. Gravity wave generation, propagation, and dissipation in the thermosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1029/ja083ia09p04131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Hernandez G, Roble RG. Observations of large-scale thermospheric waves during geomagnetic storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1029/ja083ia12p05531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Miller KL, Smith LG. Incoherent scatter radar observations of irregular structure in mid-latitude sporadicElayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1029/ja083ia08p03761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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43
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Röttger J. Travelling disturbances in the equatorial ionosphere and their association with penetrative cumulus convection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(77)90007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Bates HF, Roberts TD. The southward midnight surge in F-layer wind observed with the Chatanika incoherent scatter radar. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(77)90047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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