1
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Napp A, Houbart V, Demelenne A, Merville MP, Crommen J, Dumoulin M, Garraux G, Servais AC, Fillet M. Separation and determination of alpha-synuclein monomeric and oligomeric species using two electrophoretic approaches. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:3022-3031. [PMID: 30157293 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a frequent degenerative disorder that is diagnosed based on clinical symptoms. When the first symptoms appear, more than 70% of the dopaminergic cells are already lost. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have reliable biomarkers to diagnose much earlier PD. In this context, alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a protein of high interest because of its tendency to form oligomers and amyloid fibrils. The oligomeric forms seem to play a critical pathological role in PD. To date, most of studies aiming at detecting and quantifying aSyn oligomers were performed by immunoassays, mainly by ELISA using specific antibodies. In this study a capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) coupled with fluorescence detection method was developed to detect and quantify the oligomeric forms of aSyn formed in vitro. All the results obtained were supported by SDS-PAGE analysis, a widely used and well-known technique but exhibiting a main drawback since it is not an automated technique. The repeatability and the intermediate precision of the method were evaluated, as well as the stability of the labeled and non-labeled aSyn samples. After careful screening and optimization of various labeling reagents, 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-F) was selected and used to establish a calibration curve with monomeric fluorescently-labeled aSyn. Finally, the method was used to study the effect of doxycycline on the oligomerization process. Altogether, our results show that CGE is a very promising automated technique to analyze aSyn monomers, as well as small oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Napp
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Virginie Houbart
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alice Demelenne
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Paule Merville
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University Hospital Center, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Jacques Crommen
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mireille Dumoulin
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Protein Folding Centre for Protein Engineering (CIP), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gaëtan Garraux
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Servais
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Department of Pharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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2
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Meng X, Suo X, Ding W, Li X, Ding Y. Determination of 8-hydroxy-2′- deoxyguanosine derivatized with 4-chloro-7- nitrobenzofurazan in urine by CE-LIF. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1873-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Meng
- College of Life Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xingmei Suo
- School of Information Engineering; Minzu University of China; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- College of Life Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Ding
- College of Life Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing P. R. China
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3
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Korchane S, Pallandre A, Przybylski C, Poüs C, Gonnet F, Taverna M, Daniel R, Le Potier I. Derivatization strategies for CE-LIF analysis of biomarkers: Toward a clinical diagnostic of familial transthyretin amyloidosis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1050-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Korchane
- Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Paris-Sud; Châtenay-Malabry; France
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Sud; UMR 8612, Châtenay-Malabry; France
| | - Antoine Pallandre
- Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Paris-Sud; Châtenay-Malabry; France
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Sud; UMR 8612, Châtenay-Malabry; France
| | - Cédric Przybylski
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement; Université Evry-Val-d’Essonne; Evry France
- CNRS; Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement; UMR 8587 Evry France
| | - Christian Poüs
- Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Paris-Sud; EA4530 Châtenay-Malabry France
- Hôpital Antoine Béclère AP-HP; Service de Biochimie; Clamart France
| | - Florence Gonnet
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement; Université Evry-Val-d’Essonne; Evry France
- CNRS; Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement; UMR 8587 Evry France
| | - Myriam Taverna
- Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Paris-Sud; Châtenay-Malabry; France
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Sud; UMR 8612, Châtenay-Malabry; France
| | - Régis Daniel
- Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement; Université Evry-Val-d’Essonne; Evry France
- CNRS; Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement; UMR 8587 Evry France
| | - Isabelle Le Potier
- Faculté de Pharmacie; Université Paris-Sud; Châtenay-Malabry; France
- CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Sud; UMR 8612, Châtenay-Malabry; France
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4
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Haldar S, Kumar S, Kolet SP, Patil HS, Kumar D, Kundu GC, Thulasiram HV. One-Pot Fluorescent Labeling Protocol for Complex Hydroxylated Bioactive Natural Products. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10192-202. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401559t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Haldar
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- National
Center for Cell Science, Pune-411007, India
| | - Swati P. Kolet
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Harshal S. Patil
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- National
Center for Cell Science, Pune-411007, India
| | | | - Hirekodathakallu V. Thulasiram
- Chemical
Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
- CSIR-Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi-110007, India
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5
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Wenz C, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Herwig E, Schröttner E, Allmaier G, Trojer L, Vollmer M, Rüfer A. A fluorescent derivatization method of proteins for the detection of low-level impurities by microchip capillary gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:611-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Zhou L, Wang S, Tian K, Dong Y, Hu Z. Simultaneous determination of catecholamines and amino acids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:110-7. [PMID: 17313149 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A selective and sensitive method was developed for separation and simultaneous determination of catecholamines and amino acids by MEKC with LIF. Interestingly enough, such work has been firstly performed on catecholamines derivatized with 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole and the detailed derivatization mechanism was discussed. After derivatization at 60 degrees C for 20 min, NBD-labeled catecholamines and amino acids were separated in a buffer system containing 10 mM sodium tetraborate-Na2HPO4, 20 mM SDS, and 10% v/v ACN at pH 9.75. SDS micelles were employed to improve the fluorescence intensity of catecholamine derivatives efficiently. Under optimum conditions, two catecholamines and 11 amino acids were separated in a short 13 min analysis time and the RSDs for migration time and peak area were less than 0.60 and 6.50%, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of catecholamines and amino acids in Portulaca oleracea L., human urine sample, and mixed injection sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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7
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Tseng HM, Li Y, Barrett DA. Profiling of amine metabolites in human biofluids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:433-9. [PMID: 17370065 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive capillary electrophoresis (CE) method has been developed for profiling organic metabolites containing amine functional groups in mammalian biofluids. Metabolites containing an amine group were derivatized with 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazol (NBD-F), separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), and detected by argon-ion (488 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection. The optimized MEKC background electrolyte conditions were: 50 mmol L-1 sodium cholate, 5 mmol L-1 beta-cyclodextrin, and 20 mmol L-1 Brij 35 in 20 mmol L-1 aqueous borate buffer, pH 9.3, containing 7% methanol. Under these conditions all the amine compounds in mammalian biofluids, for example plasma, saliva, and urine, were derivatized directly, without extraction, in a minimum volume of 100 nL and the derivatives could be separated within 16 min. Up to 90% of the amine-containing metabolites in plasma and saliva could be identified by reference to standard compounds. For twenty amine standards linearity of calibration was better than R2=0.99. Migration-time and peak-area reproducibility were better than RSD 1.5% and 15% respectively. In replicate analysis of human plasma bioanalytical precision ranged between 0.7 and 3.8 RSD% for a 5.0-microL volume and between 1.7 and 5.5 RSD% for 100-nL volume. The concentrations measured were found to be in agreement with literature values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ming Tseng
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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8
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Tseng WL, Chiu TC, Weng JM, Chang HT. ANALYSIS OF ALBUMINS, USING ALBUMIN BLUE 580, BY CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS AND LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100107350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lung Tseng
- a Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Tai-Chia Chiu
- a Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Jang-Mao Weng
- a Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- b Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan, R. O. C
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9
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Abstract
CE- and microchip-based separations coupled with LIF are powerful tools for the separation, detection and determination of biomolecules. CE with certain configurations has the potential to detect a small number of molecules or even a single molecule, thanks to the high spatial coherence of the laser source which permits the excitation of very small sample volumes with high efficiency. This review article discusses the use of LIF detection for the analysis of peptides and proteins in CE. The most common laser sources, basic instrumentation, derivatization modes and set-ups are briefly presented and special attention is paid to the different fluorogenic agents used for pre-, on- and postcapillary derivatization of the functional groups of these compounds. A table summarizing major applications of these derivatization reactions to the analysis of peptides and proteins in CE-LIF and a bibliography with 184 references are provided which covers papers published to the end of 2005.
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10
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Yang C, Huang H, Zhang H, Liu M. Analysis of Insulin by High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Precolumn Derivatization with 4‐Chloro‐7‐Nitrobenzo‐2‐Oxa‐1,3‐Diazole. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690600824147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Zhu X, Shaw PN, Pritchard J, Newbury J, Hunt EJ, Barrett DA. Amino acid analysis by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection: application to nanolitre-volume biological samples from Arabidopsis thaliana and Myzus persicae. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:911-919. [PMID: 15714547 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids were derivatised with 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazol (NBD-F), separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), and detected by argon-ion (488 nm) laser-induced fluorescence. The optimised MEKC background electrolyte conditions were: 40 mM sodium cholate, 5 mM beta-cyclodextrin in 20 mM aqueous borate buffer, pH 9.1, with 7% v/v acetonitrile. Using these conditions, 19 amino acids were separated within 17 min. The limits of detection were in the range of 7.6-42.2 pmol/mL and limits of quantitation from 0.05-0.14 nmol/mL. The method was systematically validated for injection volume error, migration time variation, calibration linearity, accuracy, precision, and recovery. Nanolitre volume samples of phloem sap of individual sieve element cells from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana and honeydew from the aphid Myzus persicae were directly analysed with this method. Quantitative amino acid concentrations in these two biological matrices were profiled for the first time. This method is particularly important because it allows the complete profile of the amino acids obtained from individual phloem elements, allowing cell to cell and plant to plant variation to be quantified, which to date has not been possible with Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunlin Zhu
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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12
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Hu S, Jiang J, Cook LM, Richards DP, Horlick L, Wong B, Dovichi NJ. Capillary sodium dodecyl sulfate-DALT electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection for size-based analysis of proteins in human colon cancer cells. Electrophoresis 2003; 23:3136-42. [PMID: 12298085 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200209)23:18<3136::aid-elps3136>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Capillary sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-DALT electrophoresis (SDS-DALT-CE) refers to CE separation of proteins based on their size; DALT is the abbreviation for Dalton, the unit used to describe molecular weight. In this work, seven proteins from 18 to 116 kDa were denatured by SDS, labeled by 3-(2-furoyl) quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde, separated by SDS-DALT-CE in polyethylene oxide sieving matrix, and detected by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) in a sheath flow cuvette. This method was combined with detergent differential fractionation, which is a protein fractionation method using a series of detergent-containing buffers to sequentially extract protein fractions from cells, to analyze the proteins in HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. In addition, on-column labeling was demonstrated for protein analysis by SDS-DALT-CE with LIF, and applied to analysis of proteins in a single HT29 cancer cell. Most proteins had molecular masses from 10 to 120 kDa. Similar protein profiles were obtained for single cells and protein extract of a large cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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13
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Catecholamines derivatized with 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole: characterization of chemical structure and fluorescence properties. Anal Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(02)01515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Abstract
A method of homogeneously derivatizing large proteins for highly sensitive analysis is described. Homogeneity of the derivative was realized by tagging all the free amino groups of proteins. With this method, alpha-chymotrypsinogen A, ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin were derivatized with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC). Prior to the derivatization, all the proteins were reduced and alkylated. After reacting the resulting unfolded proteins with excessive amounts of AQC, the samples were analyzed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to determine the derivatization degree. The results indicated that all three proteins had been, or had almost been, fully derivatized. HPLC and CE were used for characterizing these protein derivatives. Under the optimized fluorescence detection conditions, the detectability of the tagged proteins was 2400-6200 times better than that detected at UV 280 nm, 170-300 times better than detected at UV 214 nm, and 150-420 times better than measured with their native fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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15
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Uchiyama S, Santa T, Okiyama N, Fukushima T, Imai K. Fluorogenic and fluorescent labeling reagents with a benzofurazan skeleton. Biomed Chromatogr 2001; 15:295-318. [PMID: 11507712 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorogenic and fluorescent labeling reagents having a benzofurazan (2,1,3-benzoxadiazole) skeleton such as 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F), 4-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-F), 4-aminosulfonyl-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (ABD-F), ammonium 7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-F), 4-hydrazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-H), 4-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-7-hydrazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-H), 4-nitro-7-N-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-PZ), 4-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-7-N-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-PZ), 4-(N-chloroformylmethyl-N-methyl)amino-7-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-COCl) and 7-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazolyl) isothiocyanate (DBD-NCS) are reviewed in terms of synthetic method, reactivity, fluorescence characteristics, sensitivity and application to analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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16
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Lista AG, Arce L, Ríos A, Valcárcel M. Use of eosin as a fluorophore in capillary electrophoresis with laser detection. J Chromatogr A 2001; 919:407-15. [PMID: 11442048 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Eosin has been used to generate the background signal for indirect fluorimetric detection of inorganic and organic ions, simultaneously separated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). This reagent provides constant fluorescence over the pH range of 5-10 and is compatible with the excitation by an argon ion laser at 488 nm with emission at 520 nm. The use of esosine as fluorophore, H3BO3, and Na2B4O7 as electrolyte and diethylentriamine as modifier of the electroosmotic flow in CZE were optimised. The analytical potential of the studied buffer was tested on a group of 12 anions, used as model compounds. Both, hydrodynamic and electrokinetic injection mode were optimised. The detection limits determined by the last injection mode, were in the range 0.008-0.037 mg l(-1). By using this method, the quantitation of the common anions in tap and mineral water has been carried out successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Lista
- Department of Chemistry and Eng. Chemistry, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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17
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Hu S, Zhang Z, Cook LM, Carpenter EJ, Dovichi NJ. Separation of proteins by sodium dodecylsulfate capillary electrophoresis in hydroxypropylcellulose sieving matrix with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2000; 894:291-6. [PMID: 11100872 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulfate capillary electrophoresis by using hydroxypropylcellulose as the sieving matrix was developed for separation of proteins. 3-(2-furoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde, a fluorogenic dye, was used as the pre-column reagent to label proteins, which allows the use of laser-induced fluorescence to improve the detection sensitivity. Five standard proteins within the molecular mass range of 14,000-97,000 were used to test this method and a calibration curve was obtained between the molecular mass of these proteins and their peak migration times. This method was also applied to the separation of proteins from HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell extracts, and, typically, nearly 30 protein components could be resolved in a 20-min separation. Similar separation patterns were observed for the cell extract proteins when three running buffer systems were employed, indicating that buffer composition did not have much influence on the separation based on HPC sieving.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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18
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Harvey MD, Bandilla D, Banks PR. Subnanomolar detection limit for sodium dodecyl sulfate-capillary gel electrophoresis using a fluorogenic, noncovalent dye. Electrophoresis 1998; 19:2169-74. [PMID: 9761199 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150191221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Picomolar limits of detection are obtained using the noncovalent, fluorogenic dye, Sypro Red. The size separation of four commonly used sodium dodecyl sulfate-capillary gel electrophoresis (SDS-CGE) molecular weight markers with 8% linear polyacrylamide (PAA) as the sieving matrix is used to construct a calibration curve for molecular weight determinations. SDS-CGE purity and molecular weight determination of purified chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydrogenase (CMPD) from Escherichia coli is shown to be comparable in accuracy with slab gel SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). A migration time precision study indicates excellent reproducibility. Sypro red labeling of SDS-bovine serum albumin (SDS-BSA) complexes at nanomolar protein concentrations suggests assay detection limits surpassing those of silver staining. This detectability exceeds that achieved in previous SDS-CGE laser-induced fluorescence studies. This approach is expected to be easily adapted for use with commercial polymer formulations and automated instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Harvey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Strategies for Electromigration Separations of Biologically Relevant Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(08)60300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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20
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Abstract
This review article with 237 references is focused on capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) of proteins. It includes discussion of modeling electrophoretic migration of proteins, sample pretreatment before the analysis, methods reducing the sorptions of proteins on the capillary wall, and techniques for increasing selectivity by using electrolyte additives including the sieving matrices. Significant progress in detection techniques, namely in laser-induced fluorescence and mass spectrometry, is emphasized. Modifications of CZE using specific interactions, such as affinity capillary electrophoresis or capillary immunoelectrophoresis, are debated as well as combination of CZE with other separation methods such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A number of practical applications of CZE of proteins are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dolnik
- Molecular Dynamics, Sunnyvale, CA 94086, USA.
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