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Muppidi A, Lee SJ, Hsu CH, Zou H, Lee C, Pflimlin E, Mahankali M, Yang P, Chao E, Ahmad I, Crameri A, Wang D, Woods A, Shen W. Design and Synthesis of Potent, Long-Acting Lipidated Relaxin-2 Analogs. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:83-89. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Muppidi
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Che-Hsiung Hsu
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Huafei Zou
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Candy Lee
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Elsa Pflimlin
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Madhupriya Mahankali
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pengyu Yang
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Elizabeth Chao
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Insha Ahmad
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Andreas Crameri
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Danling Wang
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ashley Woods
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Weijun Shen
- Calibr at the Scripps Research Institute, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Hojo K, Hossain MA, Tailhades J, Shabanpoor F, Wong LLL, Ong-Pålsson EEK, Kastman HE, Ma S, Gundlach AL, Rosengren KJ, Wade JD, Bathgate RAD. Development of a Single-Chain Peptide Agonist of the Relaxin-3 Receptor Using Hydrocarbon Stapling. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7445-56. [PMID: 27464307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Structure-activity studies of the insulin superfamily member, relaxin-3, have shown that its G protein-coupled receptor (RXFP3) binding site is contained within its central B-chain α-helix and this helical structure is essential for receptor activation. We sought to develop a single B-chain mimetic that retained agonist activity. This was achieved by use of solid phase peptide synthesis together with on-resin ruthenium-catalyzed ring closure metathesis of a pair of judiciously placed i,i+4 α-methyl, α-alkenyl amino acids. The resulting hydrocarbon stapled peptide was shown by solution NMR spectroscopy to mimic the native helical conformation of relaxin-3 and to possess potent RXFP3 receptor binding and activation. Alternative stapling procedures were unsuccessful, highlighting the critical need to carefully consider both the peptide sequence and stapling methodology for optimal outcomes. Our result is the first successful minimization of an insulin-like peptide to a single-chain α-helical peptide agonist which will facilitate study of the function of relaxin-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Hojo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University , Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8586, Japan
| | - Mohammed Akhter Hossain
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Julien Tailhades
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Fazel Shabanpoor
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lilian L L Wong
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Emma E K Ong-Pålsson
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hanna E Kastman
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sherie Ma
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew L Gundlach
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - K Johan Rosengren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - John D Wade
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ross A D Bathgate
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Klonisch T, Froehlich C, Tetens F, Fischer B, Hombach-Klonisch S. Molecular remodeling of members of the relaxin family during primate evolution. Mol Biol Evol 2001; 18:393-403. [PMID: 11230540 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Employing comparative analysis of the cDNA-coding sequences of the unique preprorelaxin of the Afro-lorisiform Galago crassicaudatus and the Malagasy lemur Varecia variegata and the relaxin-like factor (RLF) of G. crassicaudatus, we demonstrated distinct differences in the dynamics of molecular remodeling of both hormones during primate evolution. The lorisiform and lemuriform preprorelaxin sequences encoded identical hormones, providing the first endocrinological evidence for the monophyletic origin of all Strepsirrhini. Structural analysis revealed the lemuriform members of the relaxin family to be potentially bioactive single-gene products. In contrast to the "two-prong" relaxin receptor-binding motif (RELVR) present within the B-domains of other primate relaxins, strepsirrhine relaxin contained a unique "three-prong" motif (RRLIR) with highest sequence homology to the receptor-binding motif of the evolutionarily much older skate relaxin. In contrast to relaxin, the RLF molecule was highly conserved during primate evolution and contained within its B-domain the putative relaxin receptor-binding motif and a pentameric sequence implicated in binding to specific RLF receptors. Mutually exclusive expression of strepsirrhine preprorelaxin and RLF were observed in the fetal villous trophoblast cells of the strepsirrhine placenta and postpubertal testicular Leydig cells, respectively, reflecting distinct functional roles for both hormones within the reproductive tract of Strepsirrhini.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Klonisch
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Fullbright G, Lacy ER, Büllesbach EE. The prothoracicotropic hormone bombyxin has specific receptors on insect ovarian cells. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 245:774-80. [PMID: 9183018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.t01-1-00774.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bombyxin II, a product of the brain of the adult silkmoth, Bombyx mori, binds to ovarian cells of three different species of lepidoptera, i.e. B. mori (silkmoth), Samia cynthia ricini (ailanthus moth), and an ovarian cell line of Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) (fall armyworm). Crude Sf9 cell membrane preparations were used to show that the purported bombyxin receptor binds its ligand in a specific, saturable, and reversible manner. The dissociation constant of the bombyxin-receptor complex is 260+/-90 pM. Quantitative binding studies and Scatchard analysis suggest that every Sf9 cell displays 20000 receptors on the surface. The cross-linked bombyxin-receptor ligand complex has an apparent molecular mass of about 300 kDa as determined by SDS/PAGE. Reduction causes the bombyxin receptor to dissociate into two subunits with molecular masses of 90 kDa and 116 kDa. The size and subunit structure of the putative bombyxin receptor on Sf9 cells show some similarities to the mammalian insulin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fullbright
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA
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Büllesbach EE, Schwabe C. The chemical synthesis of rat relaxin and the unexpectedly high potency of the synthetic hormone in the mouse. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1996; 241:533-7. [PMID: 8917452 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Rat relaxin, as isolated from ovaries, has been described in the literature as a low potency hormone in the mouse symphysis pubis assay. Searching for an explanation, a helix-breaking glycine residue in the B chain seemed to be the most auspicious perturbation. Rat relaxin was chemically synthesized and analyzed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, amino acid composition, mass spectrometry and circular dichroic spectroscopy. Analogs of rat relaxin were synthesized either with aspartic acid in place of the helix-breaking glycine residue in the receptor-binding region of the B chain or with Asp-Leu-Val instead of Gly-Tyr-Val at positions B14-B16. In receptor-binding assays [B14D, B15L, B16V]relaxin was a better ligand than rat relaxin, whereas the [B14D]relaxin was less potent. In the mouse symphysis pubis assay, both analogs were less potent than unmodified rat relaxin, but the [B14D, B15L, B16V]relaxin was better than [B14D]relaxin. In contrast to previous reports on native rat relaxin, the chemically synthesized rat relaxin proved to be as active as human and porcine relaxin with respect to the standard mouse assay system. Glycine, which is considered to be a perturbator in an alpha helix, is not only tolerated in the B14 position but is required for full biological potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Büllesbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
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