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Dutta P, Kumari S, Paulraj J, Sharma R, Vijaykumar G, Sankar Das H, P S, Sil S, Mandal SK, Sengupta A, Sarkar A. Phenalenyl based platinum anticancer compounds with superior efficacy: design, synthesis, characterization, and interaction with nuclear DNA. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06229d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New and efficacious phenalenyl based Pt(ii) compounds have been used to design an “easy to use tool” for mechanistic understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Dutta
- India Innovation Research Center
- Delhi 110092
- India
| | - Smita Kumari
- India Innovation Research Center
- Delhi 110092
- India
| | | | | | - Gonela Vijaykumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741252
- India
| | - Hari Sankar Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741252
- India
| | - Sreejyothi P
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741252
- India
| | - Swagata Sil
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741252
- India
| | - Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Kolkata
- Mohanpur-741252
- India
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Induction of cytotoxic and genotoxic damage following exposure of V79 cells to cadmium chloride. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 816-817:12-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Rybickova I, Vesela V, Fales I, Skalicka P, Jirsova K. Apoptosis of conjunctival epithelial cells before and after the application of autologous serum eye drops in severe dry eye disease. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2016; 160:271-5. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2016.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Jirsova K, Brejchova K, Krabcova I, Filipec M, Al Fakih A, Palos M, Vesela V. The application of autologous serum eye drops in severe dry eye patients; subjective and objective parameters before and after treatment. Curr Eye Res 2013; 39:21-30. [PMID: 24074049 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2013.824987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the impact of autologous serum (AS) eye drops on the ocular surface of patients with bilateral severe dry eye and to draw a comparison between the clinical and laboratory examinations and the degree of subjective symptoms before and after serum treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A three-month prospective study was conducted on 17 patients with severe dry eye. AS eye drops were applied a maximum of 12 times a day together with regular therapy. Dry eye status was evaluated by clinical examination (visual acuity, Schirmer test, tear film breakup time, vital staining, tear film debris and meniscus), conjunctival impression cytology (epithelial and goblet cell density, snake-like chromatin, HLA-DR-positive and apoptotic cells) and subjectively by the patients. RESULTS The application of AS eye drops led to a significant improvement in the Schirmer test (p < 0.01) and tear film debris (p < 0.05). The densities of goblet (p < 0.0001) and epithelial cells (p < 0.05) were significantly increased, indicating a decrease of squamous metaplasia after AS treatment. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) was found in the number of apoptotic, HLA-DR-positive and snake-like chromatin cells on the ocular surface. A significant improvement was found in all evaluated subjective symptoms. Altogether, the clinical results were improved in 77%, the laboratory results in 75% and the subjective feelings in 63% of the eyes. CONCLUSIONS We found that three-month AS treatment led especially to the improvement of ocular surface dryness and damage of the epithelium. The improvement of dry eye after AS treatment correlated well with the clinical, laboratory and subjective findings. From the patients' subjective point of view, the positive effect of AS decreased with time, but still persisted up to three months after the end of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Jirsova
- Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye, Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, General Teaching Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague , Czech Republic
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Salwa MQ, Lina AK. Antigenotoxic and anticytotoxic effect of camel milk in mice treated with cisplatin. Saudi J Biol Sci 2010; 17:159-66. [PMID: 23961073 PMCID: PMC3730940 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Camel milk (CM) has good nutritive value, in addition to its antigenotoxic and anticytotoxic effects. Therefore the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the capacity of CM to inhibit the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) in the bone marrow and improve the mitotic activity produced by cisplatin. Cisplatin is one of the most widely used antineoplastic drugs in the treatment of cancer. The 70 adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups:Gr. I: treated with distilled water and considered as a control group.Gr. II: treated with camel milk (33 ml/kg, b.w).Gr. III: treated previously with cisplatin (0.5 mg/kg, b.w).Gr. IV: treated with camel milk and followed after 2 h. with cisplatin (33 ml/kg → 0.5 mg/kg, b.w).Gr. V: treated with camel milk and cisplatin at the same time (33 ml/kg + 0.5 mg/kg, b.w).Gr. VI: treated with an acute single dose of cisplatin (2.5 mg/kg, b.w).Gr. VII: treated with camel milk prior and followed with an acute single dose of cisplatin (33 ml/kg → 2.5 mg /kg, b.w). The animals were sacrificed 24 h after cisplatin injection. The pretreatment with CM dose caused a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the frequency of MnPCEs and increase (P < 0.001) in the mitotic index (MI) induced by cisplatin when compared with the groups treated with cisplatin alone. The possible explanation for the antigenotoxic and anticytotoxic effects observed in the pretreatment with CM is ascribed to its contents. In conclusion, from the findings we suggest that this milk has some antioxidant effect, and the antigenotoxic mechanism of this milk needs to be explored further before their use during cisplatin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Quita Salwa
- Department of Zoology, Girl College of Education, P.O. Box 136523, Jeddah 21313, Saudi Arabia
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Ferk F, Mišík M, Grummt T, Majer B, Fuerhacker M, Buchmann C, Vital M, Uhl M, Lenz K, Grillitsch B, Parzefall W, Nersesyan A, Knasmüller S. Genotoxic effects of wastewater from an oncological ward. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 672:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Revised: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Rudolf E, Cervinka M. The role of intracellular zinc in chromium(VI)-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 162:212-27. [PMID: 16887109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Revised: 06/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that zinc is required for the optimal functioning of the skin. Changes in intracellular zinc concentrations have been associated with both improved protection of skin cells against various noxious factors as well as with increased susceptibility to external stress. Still, little is known about the role of intracellular zinc in hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI))-induced skin injury. To address this question, the effects of zinc deficiency or supplementation on Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, DNA injury and cell death were investigated in human diploid dermal fibroblasts during 48 h. Zinc levels in fibroblasts were manipulated by pretreatment of cells with 100 microM ZnSO4 and 4 or 25 microM zinc chelator TPEN. Cr(VI) (50, 10 and 1 microM) was found to produce time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity resulting in oxidative stress, suppression of antioxidant systems and activation of p53-dependent apoptosis which is reported for the first time in this model in relation to environmental Cr(VI). Increased intracellular zinc partially attenuated Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis by enhancing cellular antioxidant systems while inhibiting Cr(VI)-dependent apoptosis by preventing the activation of caspase-3. Decreased intracellular zinc enhanced cytotoxic effects of all the tested Cr(VI) concentrations, leading to rapid loss of cell membrane integrity and nuclear dispersion--hallmarks of necrosis. These new findings suggest that Cr(VI) as a model environmental toxin may damage in deeper regions residing skin fibroblasts whose susceptibility to such toxin depends among others on their intracellular Zn levels. Further investigation of the impact of Zn status on skin cells as well as any other cell populations exposed to Cr(VI) or other heavy metals is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Rudolf
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Simkova 870, 500 38 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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Jirsova K, Mandys V, Gispen WH, Bär PR. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis in cultures of human Schwann cells. Neurosci Lett 2006; 392:22-6. [PMID: 16236448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2005] [Revised: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 08/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the sensitivity of human Schwann cells to cisplatin (cis-DDP), different approaches to estimate DNA damage were used: the comet assay, morphological evaluation of the granular condensation of nuclear chromatin and the terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labelling (TUNEL) method. The number of micronuclei (MNi), as a sign of cisplatin-induced genotoxicity, was counted. DNA damage assessed by the comet assay was already evident after 1.5 microM cisplatin treatment at all exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h). Initial morphological changes characterised by the granular condensation of nuclear chromatin were detectable after 24 h exposure to 25 microM cis-DDP, while an increased number of apoptotic cells, determined by the TUNEL method, was noted after 48 h exposure to the same concentration. The first significant increase in the number of MNi was observed in cells treated with 75 microM cis-DDP for 24 h. We demonstrate that the comet assay is a highly sensitive method for measuring cisplatin induced DNA damage. Morphological observation revealed advanced as well as less prominent alterations in the nuclear chromatin. In contrast, the TUNEL method detected only those cells with advanced DNA fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Jirsova
- Laboratory and Ocular Tissue Bank, Department of Ophthalmology, General Teaching Hospital and Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Rudolf E, Cervinka M, Cerman J, Schroterova L. Hexavalent chromium disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2005; 19:713-23. [PMID: 15908174 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2004] [Revised: 01/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to hexavalent chromium causes various adverse effects including deep skin ulcerations and allergic dermatitis. Because of many potential intracellular targets for hexavalent chromium toxicity, its mechanisms of action are not entirely understood. To investigate the role of the cytoskeleton and mitochondria in this process, primary human dermal fibroblasts were exposed to various concentrations of potassium chromate for 24 h. The followed markers included cell motility, cytoskeletal organization, oxidative stress, mitochondrial activity and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Potassium chromate (1.5-45 microM) induced time- and concentration-dependent cell shrinkage, reorganization of cytoskeleton and loss of motile activity in fibroblasts. In some cells this was followed by membrane blebbing. Dynamic changes in cell morphology were accompanied with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased oxidative stress and release of cytochrome c. Apoptosis was confirmed by detection of activated caspase-3 and nuclear fragmentation. The results indicate that in fibroblasts hexavalent chromium-induced damage to cytoskeleton and mitochondria might occur concurrently at relatively early stages of exposure. Furthermore, alterations of these targets seem to activate mitochondria-dependent and- independent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Rudolf
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Simkova 870, 500 38 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Torres-Bugarín O, Ventura-Aguilar A, Zamora-Perez A, Gómez-Meda B, Ramos-Ibarra M, Morgan-Villela G, Gutiérrez-Franco A, Zúñiga-González G. Evaluation of cisplatin + 5-FU, carboplatin + 5-FU, and ifosfamide + epirubicine regimens using the micronuclei test and nuclear abnormalities in the buccal mucosa. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dickinson DA, Warnes GR, Quievryn G, Messer J, Zhitkovich A, Rubitski E, Aubrecht J. Differentiation of DNA reactive and non-reactive genotoxic mechanisms using gene expression profile analysis. Mutat Res 2004; 549:29-41. [PMID: 15120961 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2003] [Revised: 11/06/2003] [Accepted: 01/07/2004] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic stress triggers a variety of biological responses including the transcriptional activation of genes regulating DNA repair, cell survival and cell death. Here, we investigated whether gene expression profiles can differentiate between DNA reactive and DNA non-reactive mechanisms of genotoxicity. We analyzed gene expression profiles and micronucleus levels in L5178Y cells treated with cisplatin and sodium chloride. The assessment of cisplatin genotoxicity (up to six-fold increase in the number of micronuclei) and gene expression profile (increased expression of genotoxic stress-associated genes) was in agreement with cisplatin mode of action as a DNA adduct-forming agent. The gene expression profile analysis of cisplatin-treated cells identified a number of genes with robust up regulation of mRNA expression including genes associated with DNA damage (i.e. members of GADD45 family), early response (i.e. cFOS), and heat shock protein (i.e. HSP40 homologue). The gene expression changes correlated well with DNA damage as measured by DNA-protein crosslinks and platinum-DNA binding. To differentiate the genotoxic stress-associated expression profile of cisplatin from a general toxic stress, we have compared the gene expression profile of cisplatin-treated cells to cells treated with sodium chloride, which causes osmotic shock and cell lysis. Although the sodium chloride treatment caused a two-fold induction of micronuclei, the gene expression profile at equitoxic concentrations was remarkably distinct from the profile observed with cisplatin. The profile of sodium chloride featured a complete lack of expression changes in genes associated with DNA damage and repair. In summary, the gene expression profiles clearly distinguished between DNA reactive and non-reactive genotoxic mechanisms of cisplatin and sodium chloride. Our results suggest the potential utility of gene expression profile analysis for elucidating mechanism of action of genotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna A Dickinson
- Pfizer Global Research and Development Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA
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Choudhury RC, Jagdale MB, Misra S. Cytogenetic toxicity of cisplatin in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice. J Chemother 2000; 12:173-82. [PMID: 10789558 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2000.12.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The inorganic platinum compound cisplatin (CP) in Oncoplatin, an anticancer drug, as the test chemical and cyclophosphamide (CY) in Endoxan, another anticancer drug, as the positive control, were tested for their cytogenetic toxicity in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice. The end points selected were mitotic metaphase chromosomal aberration and mitotic index study at 24-hour post-treatment and micronucleus test at 30-hour post-treatment after a single intraperitoneal exposure. The doses of the chemicals tested were CP 2, 3 and 5 mg/kg and CY 40 mg/kg b.w. of mice. Each of the doses of CP induced a significant number of chromosomal aberrations, mostly chromatid breaks and fragments and a significant number of micronuclei. The mitotic index study indicated CP as nonmitotoxic. The female mice were found more sensitive to each of the doses of CP than the males by showing more chromosomal aberrations, a higher number of micronuclei and comparatively less percentages of dividing cells. CP was thus found to be highly clastogenic in bone marrow cells of Swiss mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Choudhury
- Department of Zoology, Berhampur University, Orissa, India
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Smetana K, Jirásková I, Cermák J. Incidence of nucleoli in erythroblasts in patients suffering from refractory anemia of myelodysplastic syndrome. Eur J Haematol 1999; 63:332-6. [PMID: 10580565 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1999.tb01136.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoli of erythroblasts have been studied in patients suffering from refractory anemia (RA) of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and in control patients without a disturbed erythropoiesis in order to provide information on the incidence of nucleoli and micronucleoli in these cells. Nucleoli in erythroblasts were visualized by a simple cytochemical procedure for the demonstration of RNA which facilitated the visualization not only large nucleoli but also micronucleoli in advanced stages of the erythroblastic maturation. In control patients nucleoli were detected in all stages of erythroblastic development. In patients suffering from RA of MDS, a relatively large population of polychromatic and orthochromatic erythroblasts was characterized by a loss of nucleoli accompanied by the decreased incidence of micronucleoli characteristic of these cells. In contrast to control patients, in patients suffering from RA of MDS the number of nucleoli expressed by the values of the nucleolar coefficient of erythroblasts was smaller, particularly in both the early and terminal stages of erythroblastic development. Thus in patients with RA of MDS both the abnormal loss of nucleoli and decreased number of nucleoli in erythroblasts apparently represent and reflect a further abnormality of disturbed erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Smetana
- Clinical Section, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Sanderson BJ, Ferguson LR, Denny WA. Mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of platinum-based anticancer drugs. Mutat Res 1996; 355:59-70. [PMID: 8781577 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(96)00022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (DDP) is currently one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of cancer. It causes primarily intrastrand DNA-DNA cross-links, and is highly mutagenic and carcinogenic in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. There is, however, considerable variability between the response seen in different cellular systems, probably at least partly because of the different cellular DNA repair capacities. A number of analogues of cisplatin have been developed and one of these, carboplatin (CDDCA), is also in widespread clinical use. Although it is somewhat less toxic, there is no evidence that its mode of action differs from that of cisplatin. A limited amount of mutagenicity data suggests that it has similar mutagenic and carcinogenic consequences as the parent drug. Many further analogues of cisplatin are now in clinical trials, and some of these appear to have different DNA repair responses (and therefore possibly the development of clinical resistance). Although some (e.g., iproplatin and spiroplatin) are less mutagenic than either cisplatin or carboplatin, these appear to be the ones least likely to achieve wide use. There are insufficient data on several of the most promising clinical analogues (e.g., DWA2114R and ACDDP) to judge their relative mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. Detailed studies on the DNA repair and mutagenicity characteristics of these compounds will not only provide clinically relevant data, but may also aid in the selection of further useful antitumour agents in this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Sanderson
- School of Medicine, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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