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Armenta Butt S, Price SD. Bimolecular reactions of CH 2CN 2+ with Ar, N 2 and CO: reactivity and dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15824-15839. [PMID: 35758308 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01523d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity, energetics and dynamics of bimolecular reactions between CH2CN2+ and three neutral species (Ar, N2 and CO) have been studied using a position sensitive coincidence methodology at centre-of-mass collision energies of 4.3-5.0 eV. This is the first study of bimolecular reactions involving CH2CN2+, a species relevant to the ionospheres of planets and satellites, including Titan. All of the collision systems investigated display two collision-induced dissociation (CID) channels, resulting in the formation of C+ + CH2N+ and H+ + HC2N+. Evidence for channels involving further dissociation of the CID product HC2N+, forming H + CCN+, were detected in the N2 and CO systems. Proton-transfer from the dication to the neutral species occurs in all three of the systems via a direct mechanism. Additionally, there are product channels resulting from single electron transfer following collisions of CH2CN2+ with both N2 and CO, but interestingly no electron transfer following collisions with Ar. Electronic structure calculations of the lowest energy electronic states of CH2CN2+ reveal six local geometric minima: both doublet and quartet spin states for cyclic, linear (CH2CN), and linear isocyanide (CH2NC) molecular geometries. The lowest energy electronic state was determined to be the doublet state of the cyclic dication. The ready generation of C+ ions by collision-induced dissociation suggests that the cyclic or linear isocyanide dication geometries are present in the [CH2CN]2+ beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Armenta Butt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Stephen D Price
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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2
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Armenta Butt S, Price SD. Bond-forming and electron-transfer reactivity between Ar 2+ and N 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11287-11299. [PMID: 33954331 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00918d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Collisions between Ar2+ and N2 have been studied using a coincidence technique at a centre-of-mass (CM) collision energy of 5.1 eV. Four reaction channels generating pairs of monocations are observed: Ar+ + N2+, Ar+ + N+, ArN+ + N+ and N+ + N+. The formation of Ar+ + N2+ is the most intense channel, displaying forward scattering but with a marked tail to higher scattering angles. This scattering, and other dynamics data, is indicative of direct electron transfer competing with a 'sticky' collision between the Ar2+ and N2 reactants. Here Ar+ is generated in its ground (2P) state and N2+ is primarily in the low vibrational levels of the C2Σu+ state. A minor channel involving the initial population of higher energy N2+ states, lying above the dissociation asymptote to N+ + N, which fluoresce to stable states of N2+ is also identified. The formation of Ar+ + N+ by dissociative single electron transfer again reveals the involvement of two different pathways for the initial electron transfer (direct or complexation). This reaction pathway predominantly involves excited states of Ar2+ (1D and 1S) populating N2+* in its dissociative C2Σu+, 22Πg and D2Πg states. Formation of ArN+ + N+ proceeds via a direct mechanism. The ArN+ is formed, with significant vibrational excitation, in its ground (X3Σ-) state. Formation of N+ + N+ is also observed as a consequence of double electron transfer forming N22+. The exoergicity of the subsequent N22+ dissociation reveals the population of the A1Πu and D3Πg dication states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Armenta Butt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Stephen D Price
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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3
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Terzi N, Yaghlane SB, Jaïdane NE, Chambaud G, Hochlaf M. Neutral and Multicharged Ions of Small Aluminum Oxides: Structures, Spectroscopy, and Energetics. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9021-9034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neïla Terzi
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications − LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saïda Ben Yaghlane
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications − LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nejm-Eddine Jaïdane
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications − LSAMA, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Gilberte Chambaud
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454 Champs sur Marne, France
| | - Majdi Hochlaf
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/LISIS, 5 Bd Descartes, 77454 Champs sur Marne, France
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4
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A Versatile Velocity Map Ion-Electron Covariance Imaging Spectrometer for High-Intensity XUV Experiments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Rajput J, Severt T, Berry B, Jochim B, Feizollah P, Kaderiya B, Zohrabi M, Ablikim U, Ziaee F, Raju P K, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Carnes KD, Esry BD, Ben-Itzhak I. Native Frames: Disentangling Sequential from Concerted Three-Body Fragmentation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:103001. [PMID: 29570318 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A key question concerning the three-body fragmentation of polyatomic molecules is the distinction of sequential and concerted mechanisms, i.e., the stepwise or simultaneous cleavage of bonds. Using laser-driven fragmentation of OCS into O^{+}+C^{+}+S^{+} and employing coincidence momentum imaging, we demonstrate a novel method that enables the clear separation of sequential and concerted breakup. The separation is accomplished by analyzing the three-body fragmentation in the native frame associated with each step and taking advantage of the rotation of the intermediate molecular fragment, CO^{2+} or CS^{2+}, before its unimolecular dissociation. This native-frame method works for any projectile (electrons, ions, or photons), provides details on each step of the sequential breakup, and enables the retrieval of the relevant spectra for sequential and concerted breakup separately. Specifically, this allows the determination of the branching ratio of all these processes in OCS^{3+} breakup. Moreover, we find that the first step of sequential breakup is tightly aligned along the laser polarization and identify the likely electronic states of the intermediate dication that undergo unimolecular dissociation in the second step. Finally, the separated concerted breakup spectra show clearly that the central carbon atom is preferentially ejected perpendicular to the laser field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rajput
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - T Severt
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Ben Berry
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Bethany Jochim
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Peyman Feizollah
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Balram Kaderiya
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - M Zohrabi
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - U Ablikim
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Farzaneh Ziaee
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Kanaka Raju P
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - D Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - A Rudenko
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - K D Carnes
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - B D Esry
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - I Ben-Itzhak
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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6
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Ding X, Haertelt M, Schlauderer S, Schuurman MS, Naumov AY, Villeneuve DM, McKellar ARW, Corkum PB, Staudte A. Ultrafast Dissociation of Metastable CO^{2+} in a Dimer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:153001. [PMID: 28452539 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.153001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We triply ionize the van der Waals bound carbon monoxide dimer with intense ultrashort pulses and study the breakup channel (CO)_{2}^{3+}→C^{+}+O^{+}+CO^{+}. The fragments are recorded in a cold target recoil ion momentum spectrometer. We observe a fast CO^{2+} dissociation channel in the dimer, which does not exist for the monomer. We found that a nearby charge breaks the symmetry of a X^{3}Π state of CO^{2+} and induces an avoided crossing that allows a fast dissociation. Calculation on the full dimer complex shows the coupling of different charge states, as predicted from excimer theory, gives rise to electronic state components not present in the monomer, thereby enabling fast dissociation with higher kinetic energy release. These results demonstrate that the electronic structure of molecular cluster complexes can give rise to dynamics that is qualitatively different from that observed in the component monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ding
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - M Haertelt
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - S Schlauderer
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - M S Schuurman
- National Research Council, 100 Sussex Dr., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - A Yu Naumov
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - D M Villeneuve
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - A R W McKellar
- National Research Council, 100 Sussex Dr., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - P B Corkum
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - A Staudte
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
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7
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Iwayama H, Kaneyasu T, Hikosaka Y, Shigemasa E. Stability and dissociation dynamics of N2++ ions following core ionization studied by an Auger-electron–photoion coincidence method. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:034305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4958620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Iwayama
- UVSOR Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | | | - Y. Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - E. Shigemasa
- UVSOR Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- SOKENDAI, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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8
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Vranckx S, Loreau J, Vaeck N, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M. Photodissociation of the carbon monoxide dication in the 3Σ− manifold: Quantum control simulation towards the C2+ + O channel. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:164309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4934233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Vranckx
- Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 160/09, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (UMR 8000), Université Paris-Sud, Orsay 91405, France
| | - J. Loreau
- Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 160/09, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - N. Vaeck
- Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 160/09, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C. Meier
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Bât. 3R1b4, Toulouse, France
| | - M. Desouter-Lecomte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (UMR 8000), Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
- Département de Chimie, B6c Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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9
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Fletcher JD, Parkes MA, Price SD. Electron transfer and bond-forming reactions following collisions of I2+with CO and CS2. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1007105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Mogren Al Mogren M, Ben Abdallah D, Hochlaf M. Ab initio treatment of gas phase GeO2+ doubly charged ion. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Pandey A, Bapat B, Shamasundar KR. Charge symmetric dissociation of doubly ionized N2 and CO molecules. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:034319. [PMID: 25669391 DOI: 10.1063/1.4861665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a comparative study of the features in dissociative double ionization by high energy electron impact of N2 and CO molecules. The ratio of cross-section of charge symmetric dissociative ionization to non-dissociative ionization (CSD-to-ND ratio) and the kinetic energy release (KER) spectra of dissociation are experimentally measured and carefully corrected for various ion transmission losses and detector inefficiencies. Given that the double ionization cross sections of these iso-electronic diatomics are very similar, the large difference in the CSD-to-ND ratios must be attributable to the differences in the evolution dynamics of the dications. To understand these differences, potential energy curves (PECs) of dications have been computed using multi-reference configuration interaction method. The Franck-Condon factors and tunneling life times of vibrational levels of dications have also been computed. While the KER spectrum of N2 (++) can be readily explained by considering dissociation via repulsive states and tunneling of meta-stable states, indirect dissociation processes such as predissociation and autoionization have to be taken into account to understand the major features of the KER spectrum of CO(++). Direct and indirect processes identified on the basis of the PECs and experimental KER spectra also provide insights into the differences in the CSD-to-ND ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandey
- Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - B Bapat
- Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - K R Shamasundar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar 140306, India
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12
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Sabzyan H, Keshavarz E, Noorisafa Z. Diatomic dications and dianions. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-013-0359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Furuhashi O, Kinugawa T, Nakamura N, Masuda S, Yamada C, Ohtani S. Doubly Charged Molecular Ions Studied by Double Charge Transfer Spectroscopy. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Saha K, Banerjee SB, Bapat B. A combined electron-ion spectrometer for studying complete kinematics of molecular dissociation upon shell selective ionization. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:073101. [PMID: 23902038 DOI: 10.1063/1.4811796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A combined electron-ion spectrometer has been built to study dissociation kinematics of molecular ions upon various electronic decay processes ensuing from ionization of neutral molecules. The apparatus can be used with various ionization agents. Ion time-of-flight (ToF) spectra arising from various electronic decay processes are acquired by triggering the ToF measurement in coincidence with energy analyzed electrons. The design and the performance of the spectrometer in a photoionization experiment is presented in detail. Electron spectra and ion time of flight spectra resulting from valence and 2p1∕2 ionization of Argon and those from valence ionization of CO are presented to demonstrate the capability of the instrument. The fragment ion spectra show remarkable differences (both kinematic and cross sectional) dependent on the energy of the ejected electron, corresponding to various electron loss and decay mechanisms in dissociative photoionization of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saha
- Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, India.
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15
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Thissen R, Witasse O, Dutuit O, Wedlund CS, Gronoff G, Lilensten J. Doubly-charged ions in the planetary ionospheres: a review. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18264-87. [PMID: 21931881 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21957j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a review of the current knowledge on the doubly-charged atomic and molecular positive ions in the planetary atmospheres of the Solar System. It is focused on the terrestrial planets which have a dense atmosphere of N(2) or CO(2), i.e. Venus, the Earth and Mars, but also includes Titan, the largest satellite of Saturn, which has a dense atmosphere composed mainly of N(2) and a few percent of methane. Given the composition of these neutral atmospheres, the following species are considered: C(++), N(++), O(++), CH(4)(++), CO(++), N(2)(++), NO(++), O(2)(++), Ar(++) and CO(2)(++). We first discuss the status of their detection in the atmospheres of planets. Then, we provide a comprehensive review of their complex and original photochemistry, production and loss processes. Synthesis tables are provided for those ions, while a discussion on individual species is also provided. Methods for detecting doubly-charged ions in planetary atmospheres are presented, namely with mass-spectrometry, remote sensing and fine plasma density measurements. A section covers some original applications, like the possible effect of the presence of doubly-charged ions on the escape of an atmosphere, which is a key topic of ongoing planetary exploration, related to the evolution of a planet. The results of models, displayed in a comparative way for Venus, Earth, Mars and Titan, are discussed, as they can predict the presence of doubly-charged ions and will certainly trigger new investigations. Finally we give our view concerning next steps, challenges and needs for future studies, hoping that new scientific results will be achieved in the coming years and feed the necessary interdisciplinary exchanges amongst different scientific communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Thissen
- Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, UMR 5274, Grenoble, F-38041, France.
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16
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Yaghlane SB, Jaidane NE, Franzreb K, Hochlaf M. Identification and theoretical investigation of the SiO2+ dication. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Kaneyasu T, Hikosaka Y, Lablanquie P, Penent F, Andric L, Gamblin G, Eland JHD, Tamenori Y, Matsushita T, Shigemasa E. Mechanisms of spontaneous two-electron emission from core-excited states of molecular CO. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:183003. [PMID: 18999827 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.183003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the observation of slow electrons emitted in the decay of molecular core-excited states can be a sensitive probe of the double Auger processes, and that in combination with electron-electron coincidence spectroscopy, it can provide clear insight into the mechanisms involved. The present study identifies all cascade Auger paths from the C1s-to-Rydberg states in CO to final states of CO2+. One pathway includes the first directly identified case of molecular level-to-level autoionization of a cation and shows remarkable selectivity for a specific final state.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kaneyasu
- UVSOR Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicja Mrugała
- Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, PL 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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19
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Ulrich V, Barth S, Joshi S, Lischke T, Bradshaw AM, Hergenhahn U. Separating the vibrationally resolved Auger decay channels for a CO core hole state. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:143003. [PMID: 18518028 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.143003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The K-VV Auger spectrum of carbon monoxide (CO) excited by C 1s photoionization has been investigated with a novel electron-electron coincidence setup. The energy resolution is sufficiently high to resolve the vibrational energy levels of the core-ionized intermediate state and of most dicationic final states in the two-dimensional electron energy map. We demonstrate how the influence of vibrational states on a molecular Auger spectrum can be accessed experimentally without the constraint of averaging over all intermediate state energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ulrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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20
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Sedivcová T, Zdánská PR, Spirko V, Fiser J. Computed lifetimes of metastable states of CO2+. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:214303. [PMID: 16774403 DOI: 10.1063/1.2198835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly correlated internally contracted multireference configuration interaction wave functions are used to calculate the potential energy and spin-orbit coupling functions for the lowest electronic states of CO2+ dication. Using these functions, the positions and lifetimes of the corresponding vibronic states are evaluated by means of log-phase-amplitude, stabilization, and complex-scaling methods within the framework of a multichannel Schrodinger analysis. For the first time in the literature, the calculated lifetimes are in good agreement with the experiment, thereby proving the reliability of the predicted characteristics and adequacy of the used theory for a theoretical study of other molecular dications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sedivcová
- Department of Molecular Modeling, Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo námesti 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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21
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Hochlaf M, Eland JHD. Single and double photoionizations of methanal (formaldehyde). J Chem Phys 2005; 123:164314. [PMID: 16268704 DOI: 10.1063/1.2090227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Single and double photoionization spectra of formaldehyde have been measured at 40.81 and 48.37 eV photon energy and the spectrum of the doubly charged cation has been interpreted using high-level electronic structure calculations. The adiabatic double-ionization energy is determined as 31.7+/-0.25 eV and the vertical ionization energy is 33 eV. The five lowest excited electronic states are identified and located. The potential-energy surfaces of the accessible states explain the lack of stable H2CO2+ dications and the lack of vibrational structure. The experimental double-ionization spectrum can be decomposed into two distinct contributions, one from direct photoionization and the second from indirect double photoionization by an inner-valence shell Auger effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hochlaf
- Theoretical Chemistry Group, University of Marne-la-Vallée, Champs sur Marne, F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée, Cedex 2, France.
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22
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Ricketts CL, Harper SM, Hu SWP, Price SD. The formation of NO+ from the reaction of N22+ with O2. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:134322. [PMID: 16223303 DOI: 10.1063/1.2050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the potentially ionospherically significant reaction between N(2)2+ with O2 using position-sensitive coincidence spectroscopy. We observe both nondissociative and dissociative electron transfer reactions as well as two channels involving the formation of NO+. The NO+ product is formed together with either N+ and O in one bond-forming channel or O+ and N in the other bond-forming channel. Using the scattering diagrams derived from the coincidence data, it seems clear that both bond-forming reactions proceed via a collision complex [N2O2]2+. This collision complex then decays by loss of a neutral atom to form a daughter dication (NO2(2+) or N2O2+), which then decays by charge separation to yield the observed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Ricketts
- Chemistry Department, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Hochlaf M, Pilcher-Clayton A, Eland J. HCN2+ dication spectroscopy: theoretical and experimental investigations. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ben Houria A, Ben Lakhdar Z, Hochlaf M, Kemp F, McNab IR. Theoretical investigation of the SO2+ dication and the photo-double ionization spectrum of SO. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:54303. [PMID: 15740318 DOI: 10.1063/1.1834513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly correlated ab initio methods were used in order to generate the potential energy curves of the electronic states of the SO(2+) dication and of the electronic ground state of the neutral SO molecule. These curves were used to predict the spectroscopic properties of this dication and to perform forward calculations of the double photoionization spectrum of SO. In light of spin-orbit calculations, the metastability of this doubly charged ion is discussed: for instance, the rovibrational levels of the X (1)Sigma(+) and A (3)Sigma(+) states are found to present relatively long lifetimes. In contrast, the other electronic excited states should predissociate to form S(+) and O(+) in their electronic ground states. The simulated spectrum shows structures due to transitions between the v=0 vibrational level of SO (X (3)Sigma(-)) and the vibrational levels below the barrier maximum of 11 of the calculated electronic states. The 2 (1)Sigma(+) electronic state of SO(2+) received further treatment: in addition to vibrational bands due to the below barrier energy levels of this electronic state, at least nine continuum resonances were predicted which are responsible for the special shape of the spectrum in this energy region. This work is predictive in nature and should stimulate future experimental investigations dealing with this dication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ben Houria
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications-LSAMA, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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