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Espuche B, Moya SE, Calderón M. Nanogels: Smart tools to enlarge the therapeutic window of gene therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123864. [PMID: 38309484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy can potentially treat a great number of diseases, from cancer to rare genetic disorders. Very recently, the development and emergency approval of nucleic acid-based COVID-19 vaccines confirmed its strength and versatility. However, gene therapy encounters limitations due to the lack of suitable carriers to vectorize therapeutic genetic material inside target cells. Nanogels are highly hydrated nano-size crosslinked polymeric networks that have been used in many biomedical applications, from drug delivery to tissue engineering and diagnostics. Due to their easy production, tunability, and swelling properties they have called the attention as promising vectors for gene delivery. In this review, nanogels are discussed as vectors for nucleic acid delivery aiming to enlarge gene therapy's therapeutic window. Recent works highlighting the optimization of inherent transfection efficiency and biocompatibility are reviewed here. The importance of the monomer choice, along with the internal structure, surface decoration, and responsive features are outlined for the different transfection modalities. The possible sources of toxicological endpoints in nanogels are analyzed, and the strategies to limit them are compared. Finally, perspectives are discussed to identify the remining challenges for the nanogels before their translation to the market as transfection agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Espuche
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sergio E Moya
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
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Twal S, Jaber N, Al-Remawi M, Hamad I, Al-Akayleh F, Alshaer W. Dual stimuli-responsive polymeric nanoparticles combining soluplus and chitosan for enhanced breast cancer targeting. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3070-3084. [PMID: 38239437 PMCID: PMC10795518 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A dual stimuli-responsive nanocarrier was developed from smart biocompatible chitosan and soluplus graft copolymers. The copolymerization was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The optimized chitosan-soluplus nanoparticles (CS-SP NPs) were further used for the encapsulation of a poorly water-soluble anticancer drug. Tamoxifen citrate (TC) was used as the model drug and it was loaded in CS-SP NPs. TC CS-SP NPs were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, and physical stability. The nanoparticles showed homogenous spherical features with a size around 94 nm, a slightly positive zeta potential, and an encapsulation efficiency around 96.66%. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), in vitro drug release, and cytotoxicity confirmed that the created nano-system is smart and exhibits pH and temperature-responsive behavior. In vitro cellular uptake was evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The nanoparticles revealed a triggered increase in size upon reaching the lower critical solution temperature of SP, with 70% of drug release at acidic pH and 40 °C within the first hour and a 3.5-fold increase in cytotoxicity against MCF7 cells incubated at 40 °C. The cellular uptake study manifested that the prepared nanoparticles succeeded in delivering drug molecules to MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In summary, the distinctive characteristics provided by these novel CS-SP NPs result in a promising nano-platform for effective drug delivery in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrouq Twal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 1196 Jordan (+962) 797683190
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba Amman 11821 Jordan
| | - Nisrein Jaber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan Amman 11733 Jordan
| | - Mayyas Al-Remawi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 1196 Jordan (+962) 797683190
| | - Islam Hamad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba Amman 11821 Jordan
| | - Faisal Al-Akayleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra Amman 1196 Jordan (+962) 797683190
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan (+962) 790823678
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Herdiana Y, Wathoni N, Gozali D, Shamsuddin S, Muchtaridi M. Chitosan-Based Nano-Smart Drug Delivery System in Breast Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030879. [PMID: 36986740 PMCID: PMC10051865 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances, cancer remains the primary killer on a global scale. Numerous forms of research have been conducted to discover novel and efficient anticancer medications. The complexity of breast cancer is a major challenge which is coupled with patient-to-patient variations and heterogeneity between cells within the tumor. Revolutionary drug delivery is expected to provide a solution to that challenge. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have prospects as a revolutionary delivery system capable of enhancing anticancer drug activity and reducing negative impacts on normal cells. The use of smart drug delivery systems (SDDs) as delivering materials to improve the bioactivity of NPs and to understand the intricacies of breast cancer has garnered significant interest. There are many reviews about CSNPs that present various points of view, but they have not yet described a series in cancer therapy from cell uptake to cell death. With this description, we will provide a more complete picture for designing preparations for SDDs. This review describes CSNPs as SDDSs, enhancing cancer therapy targeting and stimulus response using their anticancer mechanism. Multimodal chitosan SDDs as targeting and stimulus response medication delivery will improve therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedi Herdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Dolih Gozali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Nanobiotech Research Initiative, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- USM-RIKEN Interdisciplinary Collaboration on Advanced Sciences (URICAS), USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (M.M.)
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Abd Ellah NH, Khalil IA, Harashima H. Non-viral Gene Delivery. THE ADME ENCYCLOPEDIA 2022:698-707. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-84860-6_116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Güngör A, Demir D, Bölgen N, Özdemir T, Genç R. Dual stimuli-responsive chitosan grafted poly(NIPAM-co-AAc)/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels for drug delivery applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1765355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Güngör
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Didem Demir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nimet Bölgen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Tonguç Özdemir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Rükan Genç
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Ofridam F, Tarhini M, Lebaz N, Gagnière É, Mangin D, Elaissari A. pH
‐sensitive polymers: Classification and some fine potential applications. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Ofridam
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 Villeurbanne France
| | - Mohamad Tarhini
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ISA UMR 5280 Villeurbanne France
| | - Noureddine Lebaz
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 Villeurbanne France
| | - Émilie Gagnière
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 Villeurbanne France
| | - Denis Mangin
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007 Villeurbanne France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ISA UMR 5280 Villeurbanne France
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Abstract
Compared to normal tissue, solid tumors exhibit a lower pH value. Such pH gradient can be used to design pH-sensitive nanogels for selective drug delivery. The acid-sensitive elements in the nanogel cause it to swell/degrade rapidly, followed by rapid drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- PR. China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- PR. China
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- PR. China
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Abd Ellah NH, Khalil IA, Harashima H. Non-viral Gene Delivery. THE ADME ENCYCLOPEDIA 2021:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51519-5_116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Abd Ellah NH, Abd El‐Aziz FEA, Abouelmagd SA, Abd El‐Hamid BN, Hetta HF. Spidroin in carbopol‐based gel promotes wound healing in earthworm's skin model. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:1051-1061. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noura H. Abd Ellah
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences BuildingUniversity of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyAssiut University Assiut Egypt
| | | | - Sara A. Abouelmagd
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyAssiut University Assiut Egypt
| | | | - Helal F. Hetta
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of MedicineAssiut University Assiut Egypt
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